Robert Gagné:Conditions of Learning

MASON URBAN

Eight ways to Learn1. Signal Learning: A general response to a signal

2. Stimulus-Response Learning: A precise response to a distinct stimulus.

3. Chaining: A chain of two or more stimulus-response connections.

4. Verbal Association: Learning chains that are mainly verbal.

5. Discrimination Learning: The ability to make different responses to similar-appearing stimuli.

6. Concept Learning: A common response to a class of stimuli. Allows generalization

7. Rule Learning. Learning a chain of two or more concepts. Also allows generalization

8. Problem Solving. A kind of learning that requires "thinking."

Gagné’s Hierarchy of Learning

Increasing complexity

Reminiscent of Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive development

5 Categories of Learning1. Intellectual skills: Create individual competence and ability to respond to stimuli.

2. Cognitive strategies: Capability to learn, think, and remember

3. Verbal information: Memorization of names, faces, dates, phone numbers, etc.

4. Motor skills: Capability to learn to drive, ride a bike, draw a straight line, etc.

5. Attitudes: Ingrained bias towards different ideas, people, situation. ◦ Affects how someone acts towards these things.

Multiple IntelligencesGardner’s Intelligences Description Gagné’s Corresponding Category/Categories

Logical-Mathematical Logical or numerical patterns, long chains of reasoning Intellectual Skills, Cognitive Strategies

Linguistic Sounds, rhythms and meanings of words, different functions of language Verbal Information, Cognitive Strategies

Musical Produce and appreciate rhythm, pitch, and timbre, musical appreciation Cognitive Strategies, Verbal Information

Spatial Perceive visual-spatial world accurately, performing transformations Motor Skills, Intellectual Skills,

Bodily-kinesthetic Control body movements and handle objects skillfully Motor Skills, Intellectual Skills

Interpersonal Discern and respond to the moods, motivations and desires of others Attitudes, Cognitive Strategies

Intrapersonal Knowledge of ones own strength and feelings, drawing on them for guidance Attitudes, Cognitive Strategies

Naturalist Recognize plants and animals, make distinctions in the natural world Verbal Information, Cognitive Strategies