LLP Comenius Multilateral Partnership 2013-2015

Material prepared by:Alexandra Ungureanu – 11th Grade StudentAndreea Răileanu – 11th Grade Student

coordinated by:Daniela Livadaru (Teacher of Religion)

Project Meeting in Istanbul, Turkey- the 15th – the 20th of April 2015 -

a Romanian academician and engineer, pioneer of modern aviation;

physicist, inventor of the jet engine and discoverer of the effect which bears his name;

builder of an experimental aircraft;

Born in Bucharest, on the 7th of June, 1886, Coandă was the second child of a large family;

1896: He went to Saint Sava National College. After three years (1899), his father, who desired a military career for him, had him transferred to the Military High School in Iaşi.

1903: He graduated with the rank of sergeant major, and went to the School of Artillery, Military and Naval Engineering in Bucharest;

1904: He enrolled in the Technische Hochschule in Charlottenburg, Berlin.

1907-1908: He continued his studies at the Montefiore Institute in Liège, Belgium.

1909-1910: He enrolled in the newly founded École NationaleSuperieure d'Ingenieurs en Construction Aéronautique.

In 1905, he built a missile-aeroplane for the Romanian Army;

In 1910, in the workshop of Gianni Caproni, he designed and built an aircraft known as the Coandă-1910, considered by some as the world's first jet;

Between 1911 and 1914, he worked as technical manager of the Bristol Aeroplane Company in the United Kingdom, where he designed several aeroplanes known as the Bristol-Coandă Monoplanes.

Coandă 1911 aeroplane

In 1915, he returned to France where, working during World War I for Delaunay-Belleville in Saint-Denis. He designed and built three different models of propeller aeroplanes, including the Coandă-1916, with two propellers mounted close to the tail.

Coandă spent World War II in occupied France where he worked for the Nazis, developing the turbo propeller drive system into a propulsion system for snow sleds.

In 1969, at age 83, Coandă returned to his homeland of Romania, where he held directorships at institutions related to his first love – scientific development and aircraft.

Coandă died in Bucharest in November 1972 having reached the age of 86.

Over 200 separate inventions were the legacy of this man who was a true pioneer in his field.

Meeting with students and university professors

1911: An aircraft powered by two engines driving a single propeller - the configuration cancelled the torque of the engines.

A new decorative material for use in construction, beton-bois; one prominent example of its use is the Palace of Culture, in Iaşi.

1926: A device to detect liquids underground, useful in petroleum prospecting (Romania) and a system for offshore oil drilling (the Persian Gulf region).Modular buildings – ways to join the walls

During early 1930 he designed a disc-shaped aircraft called Aerodina Lenticulară, a "flying saucer“

A modular system of sea water desalination and transformation to fresh water, based on solar energy.

The most famous of Coandă'sdiscoveries is the Coandă Effectof fluid dynamics, used in many aeronautical inventions.

First jet engine powered plane First twin engine plane First twin tail boom plane First thick wings First Kruger flaps First “Sesquiplan” wings First rocket cannon First static electricity dissipation rods from trailing edges First method of photographing bullets in flight First Fluid Amplifiers First external and internal Coandă nozzles First hydraulic automobile transmission

Henri Coandă received various awards, among which: the Harry Diamond Laboratories Award,

Honorary Fellowship of the Royal Aeronautical Society,

Grand Gold Medal “Vielles Tiges”,

UNESCO Award for Scientific Research ,

Medal of French Aeronautics, Order of Merit and Commander ring.

a Romanian biologist and physician

she discovered the anti-aging effects of procaine

pioneer of gerontology and geriatrics in Romania

founder of the first Geriatric Institute in the world

She was born in Brăila, on the 1st of January 1897, as the youngest child from her intellectual family.

When she was have 13 years old, her father died and they move to Bucharest.

1915: she graduates The Central School in Bucharest.

Since she was 16 she dreamed of being a pilot. She even flew with a small Bristol-Coandă aeroplane.Little Ana with her family

Her calling to study medicine and, after the completion of her studies, to major in Gerontology, was a direct result of her painful loss. Although she could not reverse the death of her father, she was determined to research a lively, complaint-free, and humanitarian ageing process in the service of mankind.

Ana's wish to become a doctor directly contrasted with what was regarded as an ideal development to become a wife and mother.

1915: She was admitted to the medical faculty of the University in Bucharest, being the only female student.

Passionate of her studies, she amazed one day her Anatomy professor with a pioneering medical idea (injecting contrast substance to see the arteries).

He prophesied a great career for her in the area of surgery and invited her to join him at his clinic whenever she was ready.

1916-1918: She was a surgeon volunteer on the front line, working in the military hospital.

1919: Returned to Bucharest, in the third year of her medical training, Aslan applied to become an assistant doctor to the great Romanian neurologist, Prof Gheorge Marinescu.

1921: She successfully completed the examination in Internal Medicine as the first of 32 candidates.

Ana Aslan in Coleta Hospital

1922: Ana Aslan completed her State Examination and went to the Bucharest Clinic II, as a Resident Doctor and University Assistant.

1924: She was granted the Ph.D. with a work on Nervous System.

1936: She became a member of the Romanian Academy of Medicine.

1936-1944: Head of Cardiology at the CFR hospital (the Romanian Railways) and Chief Medical Officer of the clinical section at the Philanthropic Hospital in Bucharest.

With prof. Daniel Danielopolou, who she had seen as her master

1945-1949: Professor of Cardiology at the Faculty of Medicine in Timişoara.

1949-1952: Head of department at the Institute of Endocrinology in Bucharest.

1952: She founded the Geriatric Institute of Bucharest, the first of its kind in the world, which was recognized by the Word Health Organization.

In lecture hall

1946: Ana Aslan published her first experiments with the substance Procaine in illnesses of the arteries.

1946 to 1949: She achieved very good therapy results with this treatment and began using it for chronic arthritis, which usually surfaces in advanced age.

The foundations for the development of Gero-H3-Aslan had been laid.

With chemist Elena Polovrăgeanu and her team, developing new medicines

1960: Gerovital was introduced to the international medicine world at The Congress Therapiewochein Karlsruhe, and then at The European Congress of Gerontology in Basel.

1960: Aslan started to develop a new product, which apart procaine contained Aslavital, an activating and antiatherogenousfactor.

Ana Aslan devised a therapeutic strategy to prevent and treat aging.

She developed the anti-aging product Gerovital H3 (1960), designed to reduce third-age chronic and degenerative diseases.

Gerovital H3 and Aslavital are the first Romanian original bio trophic products and also the first medicines designed to delay human aging processes.

Aslan also patented two cosmetic products (hair lotion and cream Gerovital H3); the range of cosmetics have since diversified.

Ana Aslan was the first Romanian doctor tried to give a hope for the elderly by highlighting the importance of procaine in relieving dystrophic disorders related to old age.

She proceeded in the field of Social Gerontology too. Within the Institute of Geriatrics, a section with a field of activity on medical, social, economic, psychological, demographical, ecological and cultural aspects of the aging process was founded.

The geronto-prophylaxis activity was developed at national level.

a Romanian biologist, zoologist, speleologist, explorer of Antarctica;

the first biologist in the world to study the arctic life;

an influential professor, scholar and researcher;

the founder of bio-speleology.

Emil Racoviță was born in 15 November 1868 in Iași, to the Racoviță family of Moldavian boyars;

Racoviță spent his childhood on the family estate, in Șurănești, Vaslui County.

He started his education in Iași, where he had Ion Creangă as a teacher.

He continued his secondary education at the United Institutes, a private high school for boys in Iași.

1886-1889: He studied law at the University of Paris, obtaining a law degree. But he did not pursue a law career, instead turning to the natural sciences, under the mentoring of zoologist and biologist Henri de Lacaze-Duthiers, a professor at the Sorbonne and at the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle

Racoviță earned a B.S. degree in 1891, and a Ph.D. degree in 1896, for a thesis on Le lobe cephalique et l’encéphale des Annélides Polychète.

As a promising young scientist, Racoviță was selected to be part of an international team that started out on a research expedition to Antarctica aboard the ship Belgica.

The expedition was led by the Belgian officer Adrien de Gerlacheand gathered many prominent scientists: explorer Roald Amundsen, physicist Émile Danco, Polish geologist and oceanographer Henryk Arctowski with his assistant Antoni Bolesław Dobrowolski and American physician Frederick Cook.

Racoviță was the first researcher to collect over 1,200 zoological and 400 botanical samples from areas beyond the Antarctic Circle.

He made important observationsand his rich collection of marine fauna was an object of study formany naturalists, who gave Racoviţă’s name to some new species.

The results of his research were published in 1900, under the title The life of animals and plants in Antarctica.

In the experimental lab on Belgica

He also published a monograph on the life of whales, that won him the appreciation of the scientific community.

A year after his return, Racoviță was appointed director of the Banyuls-sur-Mer Oceanological Institute and editor of the review Archives de zoologie expérimentale et générale.

A discovery in the Cave of the Dragon, Mallorca, in 1902, was a breakthrough in his career, centered afterwards on the research of life in caves.

Emil Racoviță continued his research, exploring over 1,400 caves in France, Spain, Algeria, Slovenia and Italy, publishing a fundamental work, Essay on Bio-speleological Problems.

During his underground expeditions, Racovita has collected and studied over 15,000 specimens of cave life forms.

He is considered to be, together with René Jeannel, one of the founders of bio-speleology.

One of the biggest ice caves, in Apuseni Mountains, Scărişoara Cave, explored by

Racoviţă between 1921-1923

After his return to Romania, in 1919, Racoviţă became head of the Biology Department at the Upper Dacia University (now the Babeș-Bolyai University) in Cluj, where he soon founded the first Institute of Speleology in the world.

He maintained contact with oceanography and in 1925 he was designated representative of Romania in the International Commission for the Scientific Exploration of the Mediterranean Sea.

In 1920, he became a member of the Romanian Academy and even chairman of it (1926-1929) and he remained a major figure of scientific life in Romania until his death, in 1947.

In 1956, the Institute in Cluj received his name („Emil Racoviţă” Institute of Speleology) and it was taken under the patronage of the Romanian Academy.

In 2006, the first Romanian Antarctic exploration station was named Law-RacovițăIn the experimental lab on Belgica

In 2013, a documentary (RO-EN), The Explorer, was launched to honour Emil Racoviţă’s memory.

Using photographs made by Emil Racovita in Antarctica, the film highlights his existence, personality and scientific activity and draws the attention on the Antarctic expedition of ship Belgica, where the Romanian participated as a naturalist and to which his entire destiny was linked.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iVajWJkMhco