R&M Powerpoint
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Transcript of R&M Powerpoint
Rocks and Minerals
By Mr. Templer
Layers of the Earth
• 4 major layers
Crust, Mantle, Outer Core, and Core
•The core is molten iron and other substances
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Weathering and Erosion
• Weathering is the process of rocks breaking (frozen is one factor that contributes to weathering)
• Erosion is the process of weathered rocks moving
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Why is weathering and erosion bad?
• Leads to habitat destruction
• You can help by planting trees
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Rocks v. Minerals
• A mineral is a natural solid found in nature that is composed of one substance only
• A rock is composed of multiple minerals (I.e. the rock granite is made up of the minerals mica, quartz, and feldspar)
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• Occur when lava cools• Often have crystal-like appearance• Examples include ____________
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Sedimentary Rocks
• Formed by water• Have layers• Sediments group up
in layers• Fossils can be found
in sedimentary rocks• Examples
include_________
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Metamorphic Rocks
• Transform igneous or sedimentary rocks into a different rock through intense heat and pressure over time
• Some examples include_________
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Pangaea
• All of the continents used to be one super-continent• The earth’s plates move 1-2 inches every year• Fossils of similar animals were found in Africa and
South America - the animal couldn’t swim
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Plate movement
• When the plates move, they cause volcanoes, hurricanes, or the formation of mountains
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Fault Lines
• Faults are cracks in the earth
• Hurricanes often occur at fault lines
• One of the biggest fault lines is the San Andreas fault in California
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Natural Resources
• A natural resource is anything that is part of nature which humans are able to use
• Examples include oil, trees, and all rocks and minerals
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Nonrenewable Resources
• A non renewable resource is a resource that is being used up faster than it can replace itself
• Some examples include coal, oil, and natural gas
• It is important to find alternative forms of energy such as wind farms or solar energy
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Renewable Resources
• A renewable resource is any natural resource that can replace itself in a person’s lifetime
• To be classified as ‘renewable’ the resource must replace itself faster than it is being used by society
• Some examples are apple trees or water
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Fossils
• Fossils are the remains of once living animals; the bones were preserved in sedimentary rocks or under water
• They help give evidence about land formations such as pangaea and show evolution
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