Rl Training Regional Abridged Oct08

IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature)

Using the IUCN Red List Categories & Criteria at

Regional Levels


From Global to Sub-global• Continents

• Countries

• States

• Provinces

• Biogeographical or ecological areas

Africa

USA states

Afghanistan provinces

THAILAND

VIET NAM

CAMBODIA

LAO PDR

Lower Mekong River basin area

East African countries


• The region may hold a very small proportion of the global population

• The survival of the regional population may depend on immigration from outside the region (i.e. the regional population is a sink)

• The regional population may range across political borders

• The taxon may be highly mobile and individuals may move between populations within and outside the region

• The taxon may be a non-breeding seasonal visitor to the region

summer summer

winter

• Introduced taxa?

• Regionally Extinct taxa?


• NOT APPLICABLE (NA) - Taxa that have not been assessed because they are unsuitable for inclusion in the regional Red List.

• REGIONALLY EXTINCT (RE) - Taxa that are considered extinct within the region but populations still exist elsewhere in the world.

Therefore, at the regional level there are eleven categories

Two additional categories are included for regional assessments:


Categories at regional

level

Not Evaluated (NE)

(Evaluated)

(Threatened)

Data Deficient (DD)

Least Concern (LC)

Near Threatened (NT)

Endangered (EN)

Critically Endangered (CR)

Vulnerable (VU)

Extinct in the Wild (EW)

Extinct (EX)

Not Applicable (NA)

Regionally Extinct (RE)


Extinct versus Regionally Extinct

• Regionally Extinct (RE) applies to the regional population only. A RE taxon is known to still exist elsewhere and may re-colonize or be reintroduced into the region.

• Extinct (EX) applies to the global population. An EX is not known to exist either within or outside the region.


“Regionally Extinct in the Wild”

There is no such category as “Regionally Extinct in the Wild”.

If wild populations have been lost and the taxon now only exists within the region in captivity, but wild populations still exist outside the region, the assessment should be Regionally Extinct (RE).


Step one – Identifying NA taxa

Decide which taxa are Not Applicable (NA) for the regional Red List; this involves deciding set rules to identify NA taxa.

Step two – Preliminary assessment

Apply Red List criteria to the wild population occurring within the region only (exclude populations outside the region)

Step three – Final regional assessment

Evaluate potential rescue effects from populations outside the region and consider up- or down-listing accordingly.

Regional assessment essentially a three-step process:

conservation priority setting (includes other factors)


Taxa notnot eligible for regional assessments (NA)

• Introduced taxa (not indigenous to the region and introduced for reasons other than conservation)

Step one – identifying NA taxaStep one – identifying NA taxa

• Vagrant taxa (not indigenous to the region but occurs occasionally and irregularly)


Taxa eligible for regional assessments

Assess taxa that are native to the region• Indigenous taxa breeding within the region.

• Naturally re-colonizing taxa (formerly Regionally Extinct).

• Reintroduced taxa (formerly Regionally Extinct).

• Marginal taxa (small proportion of global range/population within the region). A threshold may be set to determine which are included and which are NA (e.g.: if <1% of the global population is in the region, the taxon is NA).

• Visiting non-breeding taxa (not breeding there, but using essential resources). A threshold may be set to determine which are included and which are NA (e.g.: if <1% of the global population is in the region, the taxon is NA).

Step one – identifying NA taxaStep one – identifying NA taxa


• Immigration from outside the region - Movement of individuals between regions will influence the risk of extinction within the region. The IUCN Categories and Criteria alone may produce a wrong categorization for these populations.

Endemic taxa - No populations outside the region to influence the assessment. The IUCN Categories and Criteria alone can be used.

Regional assessment = Global assessment

Non-endemic taxa - Non-endemic taxa may be influenced by populations outside the region:

• Isolated populations - Behave as endemics. These can be assessed using the IUCN Categories and Criteria alone.

Step two – preliminary assessmentStep two – preliminary assessment

IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature)No / unknown

Downlist category

from step 2Yes

likelyNo

unlikely

3f. Can the breeding population rescue the regional population should it decline?

Yes / unknown

No / unknownNo / unknown

No change

from step 2

Downlist category

from step 2

Nounlikely

Yeslikely

Uplistcategory

from step 2

Yes / unknown

3c. Is the regional population a sink?

Step 2: Assess the regional population according to the Red List Criteria

Step three – regional adjustmentStep three – regional adjustment

3a. Does the regional population experience any significant immigration of propagules likely to reproduce in the region?

Breeding populations:

Visiting populations:

3b. Is the immigration expected to decrease? Yes / likely

No change

from step 2

Yes / unknown

Nounlikely

3e. Are the conditions within the region deteriorating?

3d. Are the conditions outside the region deteriorating?


Examples from the Swedish Red ListSandwich tern Sterna sandvicensis

450 breeding pairs in Sweden. 65% decline in Sweden over the last three generations.

Preliminary assessment (step 1) Preliminary assessment (step 1) Endangered (EN A2ac; C1)Endangered (EN A2ac; C1)

Outside the region, there are are good immigration possibilities from the south. For example, there is a large and stable population in Germany and an increasing population in Holland. Therefore, the preliminary regional category is downgraded.

Final assessmentFinal assessment

Vulnerable (VU A2ac; C1)Vulnerable (VU A2ac; C1)


Examples from the Swedish Red ListCaspian tern Sterna caspia

415 breeding pairs in nine colonies and 80 solitary breeding pairs in Sweden. 65% decline in Sweden over the last three generations.

Preliminary assessment (step 1) Preliminary assessment (step 1) Endangered (EN A2ae; C1+2a(i))Endangered (EN A2ae; C1+2a(i))

Outside the region, the Caspian tern population in the entire Baltic Sea area (Sweden, Finland, Estonia) has declined by 39% over the last three generations. The nearest population outside of this area is in the Black Sea. Probability of re-colonization from the Black Sea population is very low. Therefore, the preliminary category is left unchanged.

Final assessmentFinal assessment

Endangered (EN A2ae; C1+2a(i))Endangered (EN A2ae; C1+2a(i))


Conflicting regional and global assessments

Non-endemics The global assessment may differ from a regional assessment:

• A taxon may be globally LC, but threatened within the region because the global population is large, wide-spread and stable, but within the region the population is small and declining.

• A taxon may be globally threatened (under criterion A) but LC within the region because the population in the region is large and is not declining at the same rate as elsewhere.


Endemics In some cases there may be disagreement between the regional assessment and the current global assessment of an endemic taxon.

Contact appropriate global-level Red List Authority via the IUCN Red List Unit ([email protected])

Vulnerable

Critically Endangered

Conflicting regional and global assessments


Vulnerable

EndemicsRegional and global assessor reach an agreement on most appropriate assessment and global assessment is changed.

Regional Red List can include the new global category immediately, even if global Red List has not yet been updated

Critically EndangeredVulnerable

Vulnerable


Critically EndangeredCritically

Endangered!

Vulnerable

EndemicsRegional and global assessor do not reach an agreement on most appropriate assessment.

Regional assessors may submit an appeal to the IUCN Red List Unit ([email protected]) for judgement by the IUCN SSC Standards &

Petitions Working Group

Vulnerable!


If an appeal is made and no conclusion has been reached before the regional Red List is finalized, both the regional assessment and

the current IUCN global assessment should be included in the regional Red List

Where global and regional assessors disagree over the assessment of an endemic taxon, the issues involved

must be documented under the listing.


• The compilation of a regional Red List generally precedes the conservation priority setting process.

• Limited to data on population size, declines, range area and responses to threats.

• Relative estimate of likelihood of extinction.

• Used as a tool in the conservation priority setting process.

Setting priorities for conservation


Snake?Lizard?

Iguana?

Turtle?

Setting priorities for conservation• Setting conservation priorities

normally includes an assessment of extinction risk (e.g. Red List assessment)

• Includes factors not considered in the Red List assessment (e.g. ecology, phylogeny, history, culture).

• Considers probability of conservation action being successful.

• Takes into account availability of funds and personnel.

• Considers existing legal frameworks (e.g. inclusion of taxa on CITES, global status and proportion of global population occurring in the region)

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Owl?Albatross?

Ibis?

Woodpecker? Vulture?Spider

Monkey?

Spiny Mouse?

Golden Mole?Fruitbat?

Wolf?

Cactus?

Boxwood?

Fir?

Ebony?

Dragonfly?Ant?

Wasp?

Limpet?

Mussel?

Spider?Grouper?

Seahorse?

Catfish?

Sturgeon?

Shark?

Tree Frog?

Salamander?Toad?

Rl Training Regional Abridged Oct08

Technology

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