Risk Management

SSG MACK

RiskBenefit

Purpose

Introduce the concept of risk management

References:•FM 101-5, Appendix J•http://safety.army.mil/

Task, Conditions, Standards

Task: Verify the implementation of the risk management process at company level.

Conditions: Given a scenario, with a complete risk management worksheet, in a classroom environment and student handouts.

Standards: Make a written report that correctly identifies the hazards associated with the mission or task, the level of risk for each identified hazard, and the initial overall level of risk.

Outline

• What Risk Management• Why Risk Management• Definitions• The Risk Management process• Risk Management Integration• Risk Management Matrix• Video/Scenario• Summary• conclusion

What is Risk Management?

• Risk management is the best process for protecting the force. It provides a systematic, logical approach to identifying and controlling hazards that endanger our resources. Risk management supports and encourages initiative allowing flexibility, adaptability and eagerness to act. It is not just related to safety; it applies to all elements or force protection in all situations and environments

Why Risk Management?

• Preserve combat power

• Because it works!- Dramatic decrease in accidents Army-wide

• FY 96 Accident Rates

Total Accident Rate 4.22 per 1000 soldiers record lowaccording to Army Safety Center, Jan 97

Total Accident Rate 4.22 per 1000 soldiers record lowaccording to Army Safety Center, Jan 97

Key Definitions• Hazard – A condition with potential of

causing injury to personnel, damage to equipment.

• Risk – An expression of possible loss over a specific period of time or number of operational cycles.

• Risk Assessment – The process of detecting hazards systematically assessing their overall risk

• Gambling – The process of making risk decisions without apply the risk management process

Key Definitions• Tactical Risk: Risk associated with

hazards that exist because of the presence of the enemy or an adversary.

• Accident Risk: Includes all operation risk considerations other than tactical risk, and can include activities associated with hazards concerning friendly personnel, equipment readiness, and environment conditions.

Risk ManagementProcess

• IDENTIFY HAZARDS

• ASSESS HAZARDS

• MAKE RISK DECISION/DEVELOP CONTROLS

• IMPLEMENT CONTROLS

• SUPERVISE

The Process

1. IdentifyHazards

4. Implementcontrols

5. Supervise

3. DevelopControls

RISK MANAGEMENT

PROCESS

2. AssessHazards

The Process• Step 1 - Identify Hazards: Consider all

aspects of current and future situations, environment, and know historical problem areas.

• Example of some Hazards:Time for mission prep & executionTerrain(rough, hills, swamp, etcTransportation to and from the operation siteSkill level of personnelIntensity of operation(probability of takingshortcuts

The Process• Step 2 – Assess Hazards: Assess

hazards to determine their level of risk on the mission/task. Determine the initial overall level of risk.

• Mission – routine, complex, “ no sweat”• Enemy – combat or training• Terrain – water, cliffs, swamps mountains• Troops – training, physical condition, sleep

plans, morale• Time – adequate for planning, for the mission• Hill vs Mountain

The Process• Step 3 – Develop controls: Decide what

controls are needed to reduce the hazards. There will always be some element of risk; we can never completely eliminate it, but we must minimize risk by controlling all the elements that we can.

• Reduce Risks• Modify plan• Modify Training • Inform the troops• Do mission benefits outweigh the risk• The senior leader makes the final decision on risk

acceptance

The Process• Step 4 – Implement Controls: Decide

how each control will be put into effect or communicated. Implementing controls includes coordination and communication with superiors, subordinates, and individuals executing the mission/task.

• Plans• SOPs• Standards• Rehearsals• Ensure all know the risk and how to avoid or

reduce

The Process• Step 5 – Supervise and Evaluate:

• Ensure controls are working

• Determine effectiveness

• Safety performance during AAR

• Improve controls as required

Risk Management Integration

• Embed RM in all Army does

• Incorporates AAR– Were controls communicated?– Were controls implemented?– Was Risk Management effective?

• Risk Management Integration Plan– Draft dated 24 Dec 97

The Next Generation

FREQUENT LIKELY OCCASIONAL SELDOM UNLIKELY

I

II

III

IV

A B C D E

CATASTROPHIC

CRITICAL

MODERATE

NEGLIGIBLE

EXTREMELY EXTREMELY HIGH HIGH MEDIUM HIGH HIGH

EXTREMELY HIGH HIGH MEDIUM LOW HIGH

HIGH MEDIUM MEDIUM LOW LOW

MEDIUM LOW LOW LOW LOW

RISK ASSESSMENT

MATRIX

PROBABILITY

A – FREQUENT = OCCURS OFTEN

B – LIKELY = OCCURS FREQUENTLY

C – OCCASIONAL = OCCURS SOMETIMES

D – SELDOM – REMOTE OCCURRENCE

E - UNLIKELY

SEVERITY

CATASTROPHIC – DEATH OR PERMANENT DISABILITY

CRITICAL – TEMPORARY OR PARTIAL DISABILITY

MODERATE – MINOR INJURY, LOST WORKDAYS

NEGLIGIBLE – FIRST AID TREATMENT

RISK LEVELS

EXTREMELY HIGH – LOSS OF ABILITY TO ACCOMPLISH THE MISSION

HIGH - SIGNIFICANTLY DEGRADES MISSION CAPABILITY

MEDIUM – DEGRADES MISSION CAPABILITY

LOW – LITTLE OR NO IMPACT TO MISSION CAPABILITY

APPROVING AUTHORITY

EXTREMELY HIGH – CG

HIGH – BDE COMMANDER

MEDIUM – BN COMMANDER

LOW – CO COMMANDER

RISK MANAGEMENT WORKSHEET

1. Task: Swamp/River Crossing 2. DTG BEGIN: 070700 3. DATE: Operations END: 071200 12 Dec 02

4. Prepared By: SFC SMITH/PLATOON SERGEANT

RANK/LAST NAME/DUTY POSITION

5. Hazards 6. Initial 7. Control 8. Residual 11. How to 12. How to 13.Controls Risk Risk Implement Supervise Effective

Hypothermia (Exposure) EH Monitor water H SOP Direct Good and air temperatures SupvNon/weak swimmer EH Swimming classes H Rehearsals Direct Good SupvFatigue H Enforce minimum M Rest Plan Direct Good rest periods during training

9. Overall Risk Level After controls are implemented (circle one) 10. Risk Decision AuthorityLOW MODERATE HIGH EXTREMELY HIGH

Rank/Last Name/Duty PositionCOL I. M. King, BDE Commander

SCENARIOReducing the Risk in TrainingNOBODY’S FAULT VIDEO

Summary• What Risk Management is

• Why Risk Management is important

• Definitions

• The Risk Management process

• Risk Management Integration

• Risk Management Matrix

• Video/Scenario

Questions?

Conclusion

“Risk management helps us preserve combat power and retain the flexibility for bold and decisive action. Proper risk management is a combat multiplier that we can ill afford to squander….”

General Reimer