Riddle

What is every color, is on you, in you, and all around you, is both very large, and very small, can be eaten, and can eat you?

Answer: Life…Living Things

What is Life?

BiologyBio- means “Life” or “living things”

-ology means “the study of”a- means “without”

-tic means “pertaining to” or “factors”

What does “Biology” mean?

Biology is the study of Life or Living things

Classify each as living or nonliving1. Dog2. Tree3. Rock4. Sponge (images)5. Air6. Mushroom7. Flu virus8. Sun9. Water10. Bacteria

What characteristics must something have to be considered alive?

1. Cellular organization

2. Common chemical makeup

3. Use Energy

4. Grow and Develop (Repair, Maintain, Age and Die)

5. Move/Respond to Surroundings

6. Reproduce

Cellular Organization

What is a cell? The basic unit of structure and function in

an organism The smallest living thing Some organisms are unicellular and

some are multicellular. Unicellular – one celled organism Multicellular – many celled organism KidsBiology.com

Common chemicals in all living things: Water (most abundant) Carbohydrates (energy source—

glucose/food) Proteins and Lipids (building blocks—

for muscles and tissues) Nucleic acids (carry genetic material—

RNA & DNA)

Energy Use Try not to use any energy You are always using energy if you are living

–pumping blood, repairing damaged cells, breathing, digesting, seeing, hearing, thinking, etc.

How do living things get energy? Autotrophs-produce their own food (glucose) by

capturing energy from the sun. All plants are autotrophs.

Heterotrophs-have to eat (or absorb/osmosis) food/glucose to get energy. All animals are heterotrophs.

Growth and Development (and Die) What is the difference between growth

and development? Growth is the process of becoming

larger. Development is the process of

becoming more complex in ability and/or structure.

When do people grow? Develop?

Respond to surroundings Stimulus – a change in an organisms

surroundings that make it react Response – an action or change in behavior

that occurs as a result of a stimulus How do living things react to their surroundings?

People? Animals? Plants? Amoeba? Bacteria? Sunflower Phototropism

Reproduction

The process of producing an offspring that is similar or identical to the parent.

Asexual reproduction-one parent/body cell=identical offspring; examples: Yeast (budding), bacteria (binary fission), planaria or star fish (regeneration)

Sexual reproduction-two parent (sex) cells=offspring with traits from both parents; examples: dogs, cats, humans, frogs, fish, birds, plants, trees, flowers, and more

All living things need 4 (or 5) basic things – What are they? Energy source Water Living Space Stable Internal Conditions

(homeostasis) Air? Biology for Kids

Biotic

Pertaining to living things. The living part of an organism’s habitat.

Includes plants (trees/grasses), other animals (predators/prey), worms, fungi, and bacteria.

Abiotic

Not biotic; without life; not associated with or derived from living organisms

The nonliving parts of an organism’s habitat. Includes water, sunlight, oxygen, temperature, and soil.

Factors in a habitat needed by an organism: Biotic or Abiotic? Soil Trees Plants Animals Sunlight Worms Oxygen

Water Air Weather/climate Bacteria Space Cactus Rocks/pebbles

Factors in a habitat needed by an organism: Biotic or Abiotic?1. Soil-abiotic2. Trees-biotic3. Plants-biotic4. Animals-biotic5. Sunlight-abiotic6. Worms-biotic7. Oxygen-abiotic

8. Water-abiotic9. Air-abiotic10. Weather/climate-

abiotic11. Bacteria-biotic12. Space-abiotic13. Cactus-biotic14. Rocks/pebbles-

abiotic

Is each of the following alive (or has been alive) or not? Dog Tree Rock Sponge Mildew in your shower Mushroom Flu Virus Strep Bacteria List 2 more things that are living and 2 more things

that are nonliving

Is each of the following alive (or has been alive) or not? Dog –living Tree - living Rock – non living Sponge - living Mildew in your shower - living Mushroom - living Flu Virus – nonliving (KidsBiology.com) Strep Bacteria - living List 2 more things that are living and 2 more things

that are nonliving

Is each of the following alive (or has been alive) or not?1. Dog-alive

2. Tree-alive

3. Rock-not alive

4. Sponge-alive

5. Air-not alive

6. Mushroom-alive

7. Flu virus-not alive

8. Sun-not alive

9. Water-not alive

10. Bacteria-alive

Organic

Of or relating to a living thing. Involving organisms or the products of their

life processes. Of, relating to, or derived from living

organisms. Relating to chemical compounds containing

carbon, especially hydrocarbons. Next

Organic

Another word for a living thing. Includes mammals, fish, insects, worms,

bacteria, fungi, sponges, starfish, algae, trees, grasses, etc.

The word organic can also be used to refer to parts of a living thing or once living thing (like hair, fur, fingernails, or feathers, manure/poop, etc.).

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Inorganic

Not living…not part of a living thing or once living thing. Examples: rocks, minerals, soil, air, water, etc. Not involving organisms or the products of their life

processes. Relating to chemical compounds that occur mainly

outside of living or once living organisms, such as those in rocks, minerals, and ceramics. Most inorganic compounds lack carbon, such as salt (NaCl) and ammonia (NH 3 ); a few, such as carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), do contain it, but never attached to hydrogen atoms as in hydrocarbons. Inorganic molecules tend to have a relatively small number of atoms as compared with organic molecules. Next

Inorganic

Not living…not part of a living thing or once living thing.

Examples: rocks, minerals, soil, air, water, etc.

Budding – a genetically identical offspring

grows out of the body of the parent

Yeast cells

HydraBack

Binary Fission – process where a cell splits into two identical cells

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Video

Regeneration – Planarian Video

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Sea Star Video

Bacteria vs. Virus Bacteria

Living organism (has all 6 characteristics)

Can be autotrophic or heterotrophic

Can reproduce: asexually, sometimes sexually (conjugation)

Sometimes beneficial; sometimes harmful

Infection can be treated with antibiotics because they kill bacteria

Some vaccines (ex. Polio & Tetanus)

Virus Nonliving (don’t use energy

to grow and respond) Get energy & DNA from

host cell to multiply Multiplies inside of host cell

& kills host cell like a parasite

Much smaller than bacteria Antibiotic treatment is not

effective against viral infection

Vaccines can prevent virus infection because it causes the body to produce chemicals that recognize & destroy the virusBoth: microscopic, can be

harmful to people, contain genetic information