Rice Plus Magazine Quarterly ;6th ISSUE;July-September 2012;Lahore Pakistan Mujahid Ali ;Rice,

7/31/2019 Rice Plus Magazine Quarterly ;6th ISSUE;July-September 2012;Lahore Pakistan Mujahid Ali ;Rice,

1/36Paddy seed Pl ant at ion i s being don e by del i cat e hum an craft .

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Disclaimer: Rice plus Magazine is owned, managed and published by Induss Pak Corporation Lahore, represented byHamid Malik, which has been outsourced to Institute of Research Promotion (IRP). All the rights of ownership, reprinting,editing and copyrighting are reserved with Induss Pak Corporation. No responsibility is assumed by Induss Pak Corporation for any kind of contribution/published material by authors.

Chief Editor Hamlik Managing Editor

Rahmat UllahRozeen Shaukat

English Editor

Maryam NaseerBusiness Development Manager

Mujahid Ali

Graphic Designer Mohammad ZakriyaMarketing Executive(s)

Sarfraz AhmedKhalid Shabbir (UAE)Shamsahd Ahmad (Saudi Arabia)

Legal Advisor

Advocate Zaheer MinhasEditorial Advisory Board

1. Admiral (R) Hamid Khalid2. Javed Islam Agha3. Ch. Hamid Malhi4. Dr. Akhtar Husain5. Dr. Fayyaz Ahmed Siddique6. Dr.Abdul Rashid (UAF)7. Islam Akhtar Khan

July- September, 2012

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Editorial Note

Bran Oil

Threats to Basmati Rice ProductionRice: Steps towards High Yield and Quality

Management of Mycot oxin Cont aminat ion i n Rice

Glimpse of UIP Exhibi t ionCountry at a Glance

Who Eat s Rice? Cal l f or Expor t er s

Crop Simulation- Rice

Rice Mar ket and Expor t s of Paki st an

Rice Personality

Green Revolu t ion at Risk - PARB Ef f or t s

Weed Control In Rice

Cur r ent New s

Oryza News

Upcomi ng Conf erences on Rice/ Agr icul t ur e Event s, 20

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20Zarai Taraqiati Bank Ltd. (ZTBL)Islamabad


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HamlikChief [email protected]

Welcome to the summer edition of Rice plus Magazine.

In sub-continent, farmers are busy in planting or transplanting the rice nurseries for main crop. In Vietnam crop isready but farmers are delaying harvest as the prevailing prices are 55% less than last year, inspite of cost increase.The global rice trading turmoil which started by the entry of Indians with lower prices is continuing. Thailand,India and USA policies of irrational subsidy to the farm sector is creating a great distortion in rice global trade.The prices at which Thailand government is buying under rice mortgage prices are $150 to 200 per ton more thanprevailing international prices. Indian government is doing same thing under MSP(Rs 10800 perton/49=220$,when converted to rice is$430 ex mill and $470 FOB. While India is selling at $430 per ton thanksto 19% devaluation of Indian rupee at INR10800 per quintal cost millers US$430 per ton ex mill and $470 FOBcurrently.Same is the case with USA who pays subsidies to the farmers. This is causing distortion in the global rice marketfor countries like Vietnam and Pakistan.This is a very critical time for importing countries specially Nigeria, East Africa, Iraq, Iran, Saudi Arabia, NorthKorea and may be for China, as Thai government is going to hold the stock till 5% benchmark prices reaches $800

.If Indian government raises MSP by $32 per ton (as recommended by CACP) then prices can go very high butIndia can offload another 5to 6 million tons at least out of 32 million tons stocks which is 4 times high. Indian canafford to allow export of another 8 to10 million ton to rival holding. A week monsoon will not allow them tocontinue for a longer time is the only possibility of slow export from India. So, global rice prices after remainingunder pressure for another four months may start rising.Rice industry has played a very effective and positive role in managing food security situation by supplyingadequately and with reasonable prices. The good news are coming about the performance of CL 8, hybrid ricedeveloped by Philippine-IRRI department (not International Rice Research Institute).For the last three yearsglobal rice production has outpaced consumption, inspite of increasing population pressure. Aromatic rice pricesare now establishing over $1000 per ton mark. It is a good sign, though it has touched $1400 per tons.

The biggest challenge for rice scientist in India and Pakistan is to develop basmati varieties which has aroma andhigher per acre production. Water conservation in growing rice is another challenge. Historically rice growing isconsidered a water intensive activity. In many countries flood irrigation is being used at large scale. Excessive useof water not only drops water table but at the same time it is harmful to ozone layer due to methane production.African countries especially east Africa is in danger of having famine and drought, resulting in low riceproduction. Weather pattern in Indonesia and India (re appearance El Nina) are worrying point.It is encouraging to see new players in global rice trade. Cambodia, Myanmar, Brazil and Uruguay are provingconsistent suppliers in global rice market. Upcoming challenges for Rice scientist community are reduction in useof chemical fertilizers, heavy metal contents, MRL (insecticides) less use of water, pre/post harvesting losses,long term storage solutions, improving milling recovery(reducing husk weight from 20%),efficient millingmachinery etc.All the stake holders of rice Industry especially non-basmati segment, which accounts more than 85% of totalglobal trade are going to face many challenges like rising input cost and environmental aspects(rice cultivationcontributes 20% of total global production of Methane gas).

Keep watching Indian monsoon movement, may impact global rice drastically.

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Rice bran oil has been used extensively in Asian countries like Japan, Korea, China, Taiwan, Thailand, and Pakistan.

India tops in producing rice bran oil in Asia, followed by Japan and Thailand. It is the preferred oil in Japan for itssubtle flavor and odor. Interest in rice oil in the United States was initiated after WWII, primarily to provide anadditional revenue stream to the rice miller. Recently, interest in bran oil escalated with its identification as a ''healthyoil'' that reduces serum cholesterol.

The American Heart Association (AHA) recommends that the average intake of fat should be 30% of your totalcaloric intake. This fat intake should consist of balanced fat, which provides nutrients that are essential to sustain life.A balanced fat intake should contain approximately 30% saturated fat, 33% poly-unsaturated fat, (containingEssential Fatty Acids) and 37% monounsaturated fat.

Rice bran oil is used in foods, feed, and industrial applications. Only high-quality oil istargeted to foods. The use of rice bran oil in Japan, where it is the largest volumedomestically produced vegetable oil, is used as frying oil while its flavor is preferredover alternative oils. The oxidative stability of rice bran oil is equivalent to peanut andcottonseed oil in deep frying applications, blends of rice bran oil with soybean oilreduces the increase in total polar material (TPM) depending on the amount of rice branoil in the blend. Potato chips fried in rice bran oil show flavor and odor stability atelevated temperatures between that of peanut and cottonseed oils. The nonfood uses of rice bran oil are feed formulations, soaps and glycerin. Waxes may be used as a carnaubawax replacement in confectionery, cosmetics and polishing compounds products. Use of rice bran oil grows as a specialty ingredient in the cosmetic/personal care market.

The demand is for natural, value-added healthy ingredients. This oil is the most balancedand versatile oil in the market and closest to the AHA recommendations. Rice bran oil is asuperior salad for cooking and frying which leaves no lingering after taste. The high smoke point prevents fatty acidbreakdown at high temperatures. Its light viscosity allows less oil to be absorbed in cooking, reducing overallcalories. It mixes better in salad dressings and improves the taste of baked goods, providing cholesterol reduction,nutritional and anti-oxidant value. Extraction of oil from Paddy bran is one of the main by- products of the rice millingindustry. In first phase if we successfully install more than 20 Bran Oil producing plant nearest to rice mills, theproject will initially yield an annual income ofbetween 50.00 to 60.00 Million US $. As far as this project isconcerned, if the Government give incentives to Rice Millers in connection with Duty Free import of such Plant, wecan definitely save heavy foreign exchange incurred on import of cooking oil .

Rice bran oil contains a

range of fats, with 47% of its fats monounsaturated,33% polyunsaturated,and 20% saturated. Fattyacid composition of ricebran oil has Palmitic15.0% Stearic 1.9% Oleic42.5% Linoleic 39.1%

Rice bran, one of the main by-products of rice milling industry, has beenrecognized as an excellent source of edible oil, protein, dietary fiber and

allied micronutrients. In Pakistan, it is under-utilized and generally usedin poultry feed and fuel purposes. It contains about 15-20% edible oil,which could efficiently be used for covering the oil deficiency in thecountry. From the investigations, it is found that rice bran has a potentialto be used for oil extraction and preparation of value added products. Thiswill not only be helpful to fulfill the country's edible oil requirement butalso to cope with the protein deficiency in the communities at risk through bran supplemented value added products.

Bran Rice Provides GreatPotential for Investment

in Pakistan

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Ubaida Nisar , University of Agriculture, Faisalabad.



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Basmati Rice contributes nearly half of the total rice export returns each year. During 2010-11 Basmati exports of 1.138Million Metric Tons earned 953 Million $ whereas non Basmati exports of 2.554 Million Metric Tons earned 1138Million $. Basmati has been exclusively grown in the fifteen Basmati districts of Punjab in Pakistan since centuries. Thedistricts of Lahore, Narowal, Sialkot, Gujrat, MandiBahau Din, Gujranwala, Hafizabad, Sheikhupura, Nankana Sahib,Chiniot, Sargodha, Khushab, Faisalabad, Jhang& Toba Tek Singh have traditionally grown for the different varieties of Basmati. The first variety was identified and later registered in 1933 then; Kala Shah Kaku Rice Research Station hasBasmati 370 or the well known 'Desi Basmati'. Many other varieties of Basmati were also identified or developed andregistered later by the Rice Research at Kala Shah Kaku but those which have made major impact on the farmer'sincomes are Kernel Basmati in 1968, Basmati-385 in 1988, Super Basmati in 1996 and to some extent Basmati 2000 inthe year 2001. Basmati-515, a new Basmati variety was introduced in 2011. Basmati has survived production roadblocks over centuries due to its inherent price advantage to the farmer. Advancement in research in the non Basmatisector has led to the introduction of Hybrid rice technology. This technology achieved a land mark break through over adecade ago and now is reaching new heights of production levels of up to 200 maunds per acre. Although these superhybrids have not reached the country yet but time is not far away when they will. Even with the first & second generationof imported hybrid seeds currently available in the country, the area under Basmati cultivation is reducing each year.

It has reduced by 15% in one year, from 13.338 Million Hectares in 2009-10 to 11.347 Million Hectares in 2010-11.The increasing hybrid rice seed imports are a clear indication of this trend. These imported hybrids are claimed to yield100-140maunds per acre of paddy which at the current market rate of Rs. 85 of per 40 kg fetch Rs. 80-90 thousand to thefarmer. These returns can surely cover the increased production costs which have doubled over the last two years.Increase in yield is not the only advantage, early sowing & early maturity saves crucial production costs & vital sowingperiod for wheat sowing, so the benefits are multifold. These factors are gradually luring the Basmati farmer towardssowing hybrid rice varieties.The consumption pattern and culinary habits of the Basmati consumer will be put to test when competition would eitherdouble the current paddy price to ensure at least equal returns to the Basmati farmer or face decrease in production andeventual increase in price due to lesser availability. It will come through market adjustments if the current yield per acreof Basmati does not increase to compete in returns with the hybrid rice production figures.The threats are not limited to the domestic front only. India, the only other producer of Basmati is also not playing fairly.During the last few years when all rice exports, except Basmati were banned by India to ensure sufficient availability fordomestic consumption, the Commerce Ministry of India termed a non Basmati variety as Basmati and got permission forexporters to export this non Basmati variety. Since it was labeled as Basmati it was marketed at the same pricing ranges asthose prevalent for Basmati. This year, in 2011-12 when India opened up rice exports of all varieties, the same varietywas marketed at low rates of 670 $ per ton which came as a shock for the Basmati exporters of Pakistan causing paddybuyers to pull out from the market when it was peak harvest time. It took about a fortnight to finally settle down. Thanksto the Basmati Rice Millers & Traders who have an uncompromising faith in the value of Basmati that the paddy marketdid not take the deep plunge and the Basmati paddy price kept stable at Rs.1500/ per 40Kg. This price range too, isbecoming meaningless for the Basmati farmer. Things have to improve in a year or two and it is a big challenge for thewhole Basmati sector.

The inherent threats of disease spread, the import of new plant diseases, the continuous reliance totally onimports and loss of the comparative advantage of Basmati are the apparent risks to the farmer .In the absence of a competitive policy the trend is bound to accelerate in the coming years. It is high time that thestakeholders chalk out a strategy to counter the onslaught before it is too late. During 2011-12, total production of rice inthe country increased by 16.6 per cent due to 8.86 per cent increase in area and 7.11 per cent in yield. However,production of Basmati rice declined by19.30 percent over the last year. Basmati Rice has recently been bullish and hasreached new heights at Rs3300 -3400 per 40 Kg. This encouraging trend has sustained for over a month and will have apositive effect on the coming Basmati paddy prices which are expected to range above Rs 2000. This is bound to pull nonbasmati paddy prices above Rs1000, making it feasible to grow for the farmers. The another good news is the reductionin Urea prices from Rs 1810 per bag by Engro Fertilisers to Rs1650. This is timely and appropriate for rice growers andall agriculture.

Hamid Malhi, President, Basmati Growers Association.



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Mr. Javed Islam AghaChairman, Rice Exporters Association of PakistanCEO, Reem Rice Mills Pvt.) Limited

We are rigorously and consistentlyworking for better marketing and achieving standardization of rice quality being exported from Pakistan.

(

Human development is product of short and long term struggle of few legends in the history. But there areindividuals, who did struggle in life synonymous to each other. Rice sector of Pakistan is highly indebted to 4-5legends, who devoted themselves for the progress of rice sector by inspiring vision, taking bold initiatives and leading the sector through odds.

Javed Islam Agha is appraised as one of the legendry pioneers who made the struggle for rice as part of life duringlast 25 years. He is an Electrical Engineering Graduate from UET, Lahore having experience with national and international market. He was the founder chairman of Rice Exporters Association of Pakistan from 1994-1997.

Again he is elected Chairman REAP for the period of 2011-2012. He is Chief Executive officer of Reem Rice Mills(Pvt) Ltd, a joint venture of Al-Muhaidib group of Saudi Arabia and Al-Ghurair group of U.A.E since 1997.

Mr. Javed Islam Agha agreed to share his views on global & domestic rice sector by sparing his valuable time .

Rice plus: How do you feel by taking additional responsibilities of being chairman REAP?

Mr. Javed Agha: REAP is brainchild of a few friends including myself. We always own it and feel pleasurefor its working & improvement along with other professional responsibilities. It is very challenging time & thisposition requires lot of attention to lead, manage and monitoring. Being a Chairman, it is more important for me toenhance the growth of Pakistani rice export through the platform of REAP.

Rice plus: How you will justify the role of QRC in the changing scenario of Basmati trade globally? (Especially, inthe case when, India has changed the definition of Basmati Rice to facilitate the export of C1121 variety, which hasnon-basmati parents).

Mr. Javed Agha: Inspite of all opposition from vested interests, the self- disciplinary mechanism of QRChas proved very effectively for the promotion and recognition of Pakistan's Basmati Rice which is photo periodsensitive and aromatic. The new Indian varieties including Pusa 1121 are neither photo period sensitive noraromatic. The presence of QRC is very essential to check adulteration and certify the authenticity of Basmati Riceof Pakistan which is unique in the world.

We must pay attention for the development of new rice technologies, modern production facilities and improvedquality of rice to compete the Indians who are making fast developments in this area.

Rice plus: The trade between India & Pakistan is going to be liberalized now. Do you think that it will affectPakistan's rice industry? How can we overcome upcoming challenges?

Mr. Javed Agha: The trade between India and Pakistan will not pose any threat as long as Level PlayingField is provided to Pakistani traders and exporters. If we just analyze the prevailing scenario of both countries, theIndian farmer has more subsidies, cheap electricity, fertilizers and taxes. On the contrary, Pakistani farmer has nosubsidy, less support of government, high energy prices, and very high cost of fertilizers almost double as comparedto India. The import of rice in India is subject to 70 80 % duty while import of rice in Pakistan is having 14% dutyand other taxes. We have to protect our farmers by Counter Veiling Duties . We have to ask our authorit



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Mr. Javed Agha: Historically pure basmati 370 was first developed by Rice Research Institute, Kala ShahKaku (RRI-KSK) in 1937, which means it belongs to Pakistani territory. During the war of 1965 Indians took basmatipaddy from Sialkot area to India and multiplied it in their own country. India has developed big brands by taking theadvantage of our nationalization policy in early 70s, when, Government of Pakistan nationalized rice business andexport control was given to RECP. It banned export of rice by private sector and mechanism of Government toGovernment (G to G) export was introduced. It ultimately damaged the name of Pakistani rice in international market.In early 90s an eminent scientist of Pakistan Dr. Abdul Majeed, Director General of Rice Research Institute-KalaShah Kahu developed another pure strain of Super Basmati Rice which was photo period sensitive and aromatic. Inthe mean -time rice trade was deregulated in 1989-90 and Pakistani private sector started developing new markets forrice export and developed earnings of Pakistan from US$300 Million to US$ 2 Billion. The new varieties such as Pusaand 1121 developed by the Indian recently although have longer grains but they are neither photo period sensitive noraromatic. I can see a promising future of our new Basmati variety 515 recently developed by RRI-KSK which willInsha Allah replace Super Basmati. It has better yield extra -long grain and aromatic.

Rice plus: How electricity shortage and water deficiency is affecting the production of rice?Mr. Javed Agha: This is very serious issue as cost of production is increasing everyday with the continuous

increase in the prices of electricity. There is no subsidy by the government. Water is also becoming scarce in manyareas.. We should preserve and store water by developing water reservoirs / Dams through consensus otherwise ourland will become barren. The rice industry of Pakistan is earning two billion dollar per annum and become secondlargest foreign exchange earner after textile. The government is paying more attention to solve energy crisis of textileindustry while the rice industry equally deserves the same.

Rice plus: Pakistan is known as one of the largest rice exporter, but the changing situation needs more advancementand exploration of new opportunities. Is REAP also trying to approach new emerging markets for export? Any policyor plan about this?

thMr. Javed Agha: Being the 5 largest exporter of the world, we enjoy this esteemed position. Yes, I agree thatultimate achievers always keep an eye on the development of the new technologies for winning the future. The

platform of REAP is aware of this vital demand. Now we are exporting rice to more than hundred countries in theworld and our new variety basmati 515 carries lot of potential e if it is developed and commercialized properly. Forhaving a winning edge, we are trying to approach new markets as well. In future, export is going to be technical. Forthis, we should try to modernize our milling pattern for generating less broken and pinheads to achieve better HeadRice yield and longer grain length. We also need clean and protected warehouses from insects such as beetle khaprawith improved sanitary measures, consultancy to farmer and miller for pre and post harvesting technologies,marketing strategies and up gradation of our labs according to international standards so that our certificationsprocess can be equal to international standards

Rice plus: How can an entrepreneur enter into rice business and how REAP can help?Mr. Javed Agha: The orientation of basic knowledge is very important. As a Chairman REAP, I will

recommend three steps for interested entrepreneurs who want to enter into rice industry. First, start from trading of rice to understand the various varieties and there price structure in the market which should follow by exportingsmaller quantities to understand the complications in the field of export. Third, when you get sufficient knowledgeand experience, you can make your own processing facilities. The proactive and aligned approach will help for bettergrowth of this industry.

Rice plus: How the increase in prices will have impact the preferences of global consumer?

Mr. Javed Agha: The increase in prices is definitely affecting the preferences of our global consumer. Theyare going for products having cheaper prices. Our basmati is still sold at high price because of its aroma, taste andquality.. Basmati is our identity but we should try to keep its pricing within reasonable limits otherwise the cheaperrice of other countries will take its place in the international market.

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Khuram Mubeen and Dr. M. Ather Nadeem

Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, FaisalabadProfitable rice production is out of question without a systematic weed control plan worldwide.Loss to yield due toweeds in rice field is estimated to be between 30 to 60%.An integrated weed management approach is the best way of controlling weeds. Being cash crop in Pakistan, control of weeds in rice crop is of paramount significance.Development of herbicide resistance also explains why the same weed biotypes persist in field despite employing aspecific herbicide. One year seeding and seven year weeding explains the reason for establishment of noxiousand/or mimicry weeds because many different types of weeds infest the rice field at a single time which can't becontrolled economically by any single weed control method owing to differences in germination, root system, lifecycle etc, therefore there is a tremendous heed to adopt an integrated way of managing weeds.

Losses to rice production due to weeds depend on many factors like rice cultures, varietal selection, maintenance of optimum plant population per unit area, type of weeds, their frequency and infestation time are some of the veryimportant aspects to ponder.Rice is either grown through transplanting nursery in standing water or sown directly in field. Higher weed infestationis usually observed in fields when rice is grown by direct seeding rather than by conventional transplanting of nursery.Weeds compete with rice more in first 8 weeks after sowing and could cause yield loss of up to 43%or even more indirect seeding rice culture. In this rice growing system, weeds grow at the start and offer more competition with riceplants therefore the damage by weeds is more in direct seeding culture. Whereas in nursery transplanting system dueto puddling most of the weeds are either buried or removed and subsequent standing water in field prevent the weeds

Rice plus: How REAP can bring foreign investment in the rice industry of Pakistan?Mr. Javed Agha: Being a commodity, Basmati business has low margins as compared to other businesses.

The margin would be increased only by developing value added products like rice bran oil, instant rice products andrice nutrient cereals etc. We can attract foreign investment by ensuring our brands having good quality and cheaperprice as has been recently achieved by MATCO.

Rice plus: How Pakistan can protect our rights keeping in view Geographical Indications (GI) laws? Keep in view theheritage of hamalyian terrain, Basmati is grown in Sudan, Ethiopia and Philippine has announced export to Middle

East.Mr. Javed Agha: Strategic Trade Policy Framework 2009-2012 clearly showed government decision that a

sui generis GI Law will be enacted on fast track basis and TDAP was given the authorization to hold ownership of allGI products of Pakistan on behalf of the people of Pakistan. My question to TDAP is what the status of this decision isand why it was not followed properly in the first place for the past three years? Once it is done no country can sell riceby using the name Basmati.

Rice plus: In your opinion which steps are needed to improve economy & increase rate of innovations in rice sector?

Mr. Javed Agha: We have to do lot of research to develop new varieties having better yield and quality; wehave to improve our harvesting technique to avoid breakage and aflatoxin in paddy; clean and healthy storagefacilities to avoid infestation and our Millers have to upgrade processing units in order to control wastage.The support of Government plays a vital role. Government needs to spend more on R&D by providing timelyfunding. The laboratories should be well equipped and must have necessary infrastructure f or Research purpose. We

just need to develop more rice varieties on frequent basis. Our R&D centers must produce quality products and theircertification must be acceptable all over world. End of the interview

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to germinate for most of the early crop growing season. When weeds start to grow, the rice plants are better able to

compete with weeds and suppress their growth, thereby resulting in higher outcome as compared to rice grown

through direct seeding. Keeping in view the history of weeds in a specific rice field if the weed abundance is likely to

be higher then spray of any recommended herbicide should be done within 3 to 5 days after transplanting nursery.

Maintain standing water in field for at least 5 to 7 days after spray. Weeds should be managed by adopting an

integrated approach which has been summarized hereunder ( 1) Weed Scouting (Continuous and close check)

(2) Biotechnological Methods ( 3) Agronomic Methods ( 4) Chemical Methods Hereunder these four methods are

discussed in detail now.

Weed Scouting

In rice fields weeds like jungle rice, barnyard grass and purple nut sedge etc appear frequently. ploughing causechanges in depth of weed seeds by burying the weed seeds present on the soil surface under the soil.On the contrary,

the weed seeds which come on the surface of the soil due to ploughing are picked up and eaten by birds.Broad leavedweeds can't grow in standing water and some grass weeds also show decreased growth in standing water.Weeds likepurple nut sedge, barn yard grass are abundant in field where rice is grown through transplanting in standing water ascompared to direct seeding. Biotechnological Methods Prior to use of these methods, it is imperative to ensure that itmust be harmful only for weeds and not for rice crop or any other crop in succession. This approach is also helpful inpreparing allelopathic extracts. Purple nut sedge can be controlled by beetle or weevil. COLLEGO and BIOLAPS arethe natural poisons used for weed control in rice. But these poisons are still not being used in Pakistan.(1.) Agronomic Methods 20 Daab methodIn this method the land is left fallow for a certain period after ploughing and weeds are allowed to germinate and grow.

Then these weeds are ploughed under the soil.a. Experiments have revealed that use of high seed rate and reducing the distance between crop rows are quite

helpful in controlling weeds.b. Fertilizer should be used in such a way and at a time that least fertilizer nutrients reach to the weeds. If fertilizer is

used at the start of growing season by use of drill, it will help grow weeds vigorously.c. Cultivars having better canopy cover, tillers and panicles should be selected as these will leave less space for

weeds to grow. Chemical Methods If field is heavily infested with weeds,the use of herbicide is quite beneficialand effective. Selection of herbicide depends on type of weeds and their frequency. With respect to time of herbicide application these can be divided into three groups given hereunder Pre- planting herbicides These are

herbicides applied in the field at the time of land preparation. It prevent weed seeds to germinate.

(2.) Pre emergence herbicide Herbicides used soon after sowing but before emergence of crop.(3.) Post emergence herbicide such herbicides are sprayed after the emergence of crop and weeds.For purple nutsedge appears in rice nursery then use Sunstar 80 g by mixing in 120 liter of water for one acre area within 20 days of sowing rice nursery. Irrigate the rice nursery after one to two days.To reduce the potential damages of herbicide,it hasbeen proved via series of experiments conducted at Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabadthat use of water extracts of sorghum, eucalyptus and sunflower etc in combination with reduced doses of herbicidegive similar weed control efficiency as with full herbicide dose.



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Rice is one of the most important food crops in the world, an important staple food and cash crops of Pakistan. It is notonly contributes to foreign exchange earnings, but the acreage, production and yield per hectare also indicates its

importance. Rice prefers 5.0 to 6.5 soil pH and tolerant to exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) of the level of 20-40%. This culture may also be tolerated up to 0.40 per cent to 0.60 percent of white alkali and 0.10 to 0.20 black alkaliin the soil. Rice is often grown on heavy clay soils that have a hard subsurface layer (hard pan), which limited thedischarge, because it requires a constant and abundant supply of water. Rice production can be used to remove the saltby leaching salts.

The rice crop is exposed to more than forty diseases, which is a factor for a low yield of rice including Pakistan. Thediseases can occur at any stage of growth and development of the plant by attacking seed, root, leaf, stem, leaf sheath,inflorescence and even the development of grain. Fungi, bacteria, nematodes and viruses cause different diseases.The causes of variations in prod uction can be more, but the disease cannot be ignored, neglected, or regret, becausethey also cause loss of time variable in the time of harvest. These diseases are all harmful, in some areas in recentyears and parts of plants. All plant parts are susceptible to disease and one or more diseases can occur in virtually all

plants and in all areas. All attention because of symptoms or signs, generates great concern because of their effects onthe quality. Brown spot, blast, stem root, decay, bunt and bacterial blight are sometimes regarded as an importantdiseases in different parts of rice growing regions of Pakistan. The production limitations regarding rice are: loworganic matter in the soil, poor quality ground water, low soil fertility, salinity of the soil, non-realization of potentialreturns, water shortage / drought, low plant population, losses caused by pests (insects, diseases, weeds) and post-harvest crop losses.

The production tools for enhancing rice yield are: development of high efficiency, short term and better varieties of rice in quantity, identification and use of resistant genes through biotechnology tools, improved production methods,closing the achievement gap, and expansion of hybrid rice. Especially in Sindh and Baluchistan, the development andcommercialization of technologies for the creation of crops are :

The suggestions for boosting rice yield are: varietal improvement for better agronomic traits and quality with thedisease / insect resistance, development and application of IPM technology for better yield and cleaner environment,improving the quality of cereal production through improved harvesting and post harvest operations , improvingproductivity through better crop stand establishment, economic and sustainable management of nutrients,improvement in rice acceleration, training and dissemination of information, continue public-private co ,the development and commercialization of hybrid rice, development of high efficiency, short duration, resistant topests and abiotic stress tolerant varieties with the desired grain quality through conventional and innovativeapproaches, improvement of traditional methods of rice cultivation, making innovations in breeding, standestablishment of crops, harvest and postharvest operations.

operation

The precise land leveling (laser leveling).Green manure in rice-wheat croppingsystem.

The development and promotion of aerobic rice.

The inclusion of legumes in rice-wheatcropping and minimize yield losses.

E n v i r o n m e n t a l l y f r i e n d l y I P Mtechnologies and improving the marketingsystem.

Direct seeding.Transplanting and mechanical plant bed.

Appropriate / optimal utilization of nutrients.

Management of crop residues.

Technologies for water conservation andnutrient management.

Development and distribution of pesticides savings.

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Dr. Muhammad Tahir , Assistant Professor andHaseeb ur Rehman , Ph.D Scholar, Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.



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Dr. Shinawar Waseem Ali, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab.

The article having over-view of mycotoxigenic fungi, mycotoxins and different decontaminatingstrategies to mitigate the risk of mycotoxins contamination in rice grains of our area.

Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites, produced by filamentous fungi, contaminating most of the cereal cropsthroughout the food chain. There are number of fugal toxins has been discovered and investigated, among them feware potential threat to food safety. About 25 years ago, World Health Organization (WHO) reported that around 25%of the world's cereals grains produce are contaminated with myctotxins, and these figures would have remarkableincrease in current years due to increased global market and the changing weather and environmental factors.

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an important food crop along with wheat and corn, being used as staple food in most of thecountries worldwide. Rice is also not free of mycotoxins contamination, as most of its production is during wet/kharif season. Frequent rain fall near harvesting of rice make it more prone to the growth of mycotoxigenic (Mycotoxinproducing) fungi. Sun drying of rice crop, as practiced by most of the farmers, does not reduce the moisture leveldesired for adequate storage of rice grains. In result, rice grains with higher moisture level enter in the storage, which

provides quite favourable conditions for the growth of mycotoxin producing field as well as storage fungi. Climaticconditions also play an important role in the growth of mycotoxin producing fungi, and the quantity of mycotoxinsproduced e.g. warm and moist climatic conditions are more favourable than cold and dry ones. Moreover, mycotoxinproducing fungi shows a considerable diversity in changed geographic conditions too.

Rice crop may get infestation of mycotoxinproducing fungi, usually, in two phases. First, thecontamination may take place in growing crop in thefield, or secondly in the mature rice grains afterharvesting in field as well as in storage conditions,where even dried rice grains are susceptible to thegrowth of the mycotoxigenic fungi. The majormycotoxin producing fungi in rice are Aspergillussp., Fusarium sp. and Penicillium sp. The growth ofthese fungal species may cause rice graindiscoloration, loss in viability, quality and presenceof myctoxins in the final produce. Aflatoxins,fumonisins, trichothecenes, ochratoxin A,cyclopiazonic acid, zearalenone, deoxynivalenol(DON), citrinin, gliotoxin and sterigmatocystin arethe mycotoxins reported in rice (Table 1). Among

these rice mycotoxins, aflatoxin B1 (AFB1),fumonisin B1 and ochratoxin A are the most toxicfor mammals and have hepatotoxic, teratogenic,and mutagenic activity, causing damage such astoxic hepatitis, hemorrhage, edema,

immunosuppression, hepatic carcinoma, equine leukoencephalomalacia, esophageal cancer, and nephrotoxicity.AFB1 has been classified as a group 1 human carcinogen and fumonisin B1 and B2 as group 2B carcinogens by theInternational Agencies for Research on Cancer (1993). Several mycotoxicoses in humans and animals have beenreported due to the consumption of mycotoxin-contaminated food and feed.

6

Mycotoxin:Fungal Speices

Disease/ Syndrome

Country Levels (Range)

Aflatoxins:Aspergillusflavus,Aspergillusparasiticus

Liver lesions,Cirrhosis, Primaryhepatocellularcarcinoma,Kwashiorkor,Reye's syndrome

ChinaIndiaKorea

Philippines

Vietnam

0.99 - 3.87 g/kg0.1 - 308 g/kg1.8 -

7.3 ng/g0.27 -

11 g/kg3.31 -

29.8 ng/g

Fumonisins:

Fusariumverticillioides

Fusariumprolifratum

EsophagealCarcinoma

Canada

India

Korea

US

0 -

10 ng/g

0.01

-

65 mg/kg0.02

48.2 -

66.6ng/g

2.2 -

5.2 mg/kg

Ochratoxin A:Aspergillusochraceus

Aspergilluscarbonarius

Penicilliumverrucosum

Endemicnephropathy,

Urothelialtumours

CanadaKoreaMoroccoNigeriaVietnam

0.3 -

2.4 ng/g0.2 -

1 ng/g0.15 -

47 ng/g24 -

1164 g/kg0.75 -

2.78 ng/gDeoxynivlenol:

Fusariumgraminearum

Fusariumculmorum

Nausea, Vomitting,Headache,Abdominal pain,Diarrhea, Dizziness

Germany 0 -

0.058 mg/kg

Zearalenone:Fusariumgraminearum

Fusariumculmorum

Premature pubertyin girls, CervicalCancer

CanadaKoreaNigeria

0.1 -

1 ng/g21.7 -

47 ng/g24 -

116 g/kg

Source: (Reddy et al., 2010)

Table 1.Mycotoxins contamination in rice and rice based products

Remaining at page #15



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.The general issues of rice industry were highlighted there as following;o Link between various stakeholders of rice is weak o Lab testing for various rice issues is extremely neededo Very low amount of fund is given to rice sectoro Very few projects on rice are funded and conductedo Joint funding of R&D organizations is not in place

o No accredited labs in Pakistano Untrained manpower in rice cultivation, processing and machinery manufacturingo No allocation of funds for Rice sector development from Export Development Fund

Highlights of technical session one: Pre-Harvestingo Pre harvesting practices by Farmers are poor as wet paddy is being supplied.o Agri-extension interventions are needed to improve rice cultivation & harvesting.o Farmers are ill informed regarding modern farm practices.o Current varieties are losing their yield and worth due to intensive inbreeding.o Speed and rate of new varieties development is very slow.o Immature paddy harvesting causes loss of above 20%.o Concept of drying and pre-cleaning at farm level has to be introducedo Modern cultivation techniques are not introduced

Highlights of technical session two: Post-Harvestingo Harvesters make loss of above 20% of Paddy produce due to old technology.o Rice processing machinery is not consistent in fabrication/finishing & has lack

automation.o No certification protocol for rice machinery, being manufactured in Pakistan.o Locally developed color sorter is not availableo Logistics & storage facilities are unhygienic and not certified.

o Branding is not developed of Pakistani riceo Bran oil is not producedo Value addition in by-products is lacking.o Wastage during milling is very higho Investment in consumer products is not encouraged

11

The closing session was chaired by chief executive, PARB and DG, PASTIC. The importance of joint working was verymuch highlighted in the closing session. The need for involvement of private sector in the process of R&D funding wasvery much emphasized. All the exhibitors and presenters were granted shields as token of acknowledgement for theiractive participation & service for rice sector.

thTechnologies on Rice Sector on 7 May, 2012 at Gujranwala Chamber of Commerce & Industry

The UIP exhibition on rice technologies aimed to highlight the issues and agendas of locally developed technologies of rice and find out the areas where we need to put our efforts more. The session was very vibrant, interactive and full of knowledge exchange. Heads of three partner organizations (PSF-PASTIC, GCCI & IRP) shared their roles and agendas

for promotion of R&D. Javid Islam Agha, Chairman, REAP representing rice stakeholders shared challenges andrequired solutions Chief Guest of the session has summarized the issues and instructed to initiate solution oriented actionplans. Inauguration session inc luded speeches, interactive conversation, questions and answers, sector perspectives andawarding shields to guests.

.



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The experienced business holders can diversify their rice export by finding rice importers in Nigeria. It producesalmost half of its rice consumption through local cultivation. Therefore, Nigeria has to feed rest half of rice demandfrom sources outside the country. There is another fact that demand of rice consumption is growing more rapidly thangrowth of production. Demand of rice in Nigeria has increased from 3307 (MT in 000) to 5000 in 2011 and localproduction has increased from 1757 to 2709 in the same period. The growth in consumption is almost double thangrowth in production of rice. The gap has to be responded by exporters of quality product and Pakistan should beamong those countries who can earn the fruits at highest level from Nigerian market.

Nigeria with 150 million population backed by 1.93%thannual population growth is ranked 8 country in world

population. Nigeria is the largest country in continentAfrica and because of rising consumption of rice itbecame a matter of attention for rice exportingcountries. Due to continuous population growth andimproving life style, the demand for rice is growing. Theimport estimates in 2010/11 is 2.3 million tons, up from1.75 million tons in 2009/10. The increase reflects thefact that rice is well established as a basic food staple andthe price of imported parboiled rice competeseffectively with local alternatives.The statistics in graph

presents very lucrative options for rice exporters oPakistan. Especially, the new entrants in rice export canexplore this opportunity and gain competitive edge byensuring strong presence there.

Niger ia: One o f th e Big Rice Impor ter s

Unit of Measure (1000 MT)

DomesticConsumption

Production

Imports

2002

3307

1757

1897 2003 3670 1870 1448

2004 3750 2000 1369

2005

3800

2140

1650

2006

4040

2546

1500

2007

4000

2008

1800

2008

4220

2632

1750

2009

4580

2730

1750

2010

5030

2615

2400

2011

5000

2709

2300

Rice in Nigeria at Glan ce

Years



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There are very lucrative options andopportunities for rice growers and exporters in

the markets having highest rate of riceconsumption. Although, the growers havenatural advantages to first serve the marketwhere rice is consumed. The global emergingtrade scenario has given access to exporters of the world to sell on competitive prices also.

The per capita consumption of rice by top 20countries starts from 245 Kg/person/year inBrunei Darussalam, followed by Vietnam,Laos, Bangladesh and Myanmar. Among thelowest consumers of top 20 countries are China

with 77 Kg/person/year, followed by Malaysiaand Republic of Korea.

Countries Consumption

Per Capita

Countries Consumption

Per Capita

Brunei Darussalam 245

Sri Lanka

97

Vietnam 166

Guinea

95

Laos 163

Sierra Leone

92

Bangladesh 160

Guinea-Bissau

85

Myanmar 157

Guyana

81

Cambodia 152

Nepal 78

Philippines 129

Korea,DPR

77

Indonesia 125

China

77

Thailand 103

Malaysia

77

Madagascar 102

Republic of Korea

76

Source: Rice Today, IRRI (2011)

Call for ExportersThe per capita consumption of rice by top 20 countries

Rice exporters around the world must have strategies to serve the market of high potential. Although, population sizedetermines the potential also, but there are factors, like pricing, consumed varieties, marketing trends andconsumption style of consumers, which offers attractive options for rice exporters.

13

A new study conducted at the University of Minnesota, U.S. has found that the fullness and satisfaction experiencedby eating rice is important for people trying to lose weight. In effect, the study dismisses deep-rooted beliefs inseveral rice eating countries that eating rice makes one overweight. Researchers presented their finding today &said that hunger and satiety lasted longer for rice eaters, thus preventing them from gorging on food again andagain.The research also found that both white and brown rice measured up equally on satiety and fullness scale. It'sno surprise that populations in countries that eat the most rice are often the leanest and among the healthiest in theworld. Rice is also a budget-friendly food, costing just 10 cents per serving.

Eating Rice Helps You Lose Weight, Finds Study; Is the Indonesia Trade Minister Reading This?

Source: Oryza News, 27 June 2012


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Rice ( Oryza sativa ) a member of the poaceae family, along with wheat and corn, is one of the three crops on which thehuman is largely depends. The world will require 70% more rice than that it requires today in the coming 30 years. Ithas been estimated that half the world's population subsists wholly or partially on rice.

Climate change in many countries is under threat from unpredictable changes in rainfall and more frequent extremeweather high temperature and high concentration of Co2. The emission of methane and nitrous oxide gases fromlowland rice production and the deforestation in upland rice production under slash and burn shifting cultivation arecontributors to global climate changes. Due to global warming, increasing concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO ), 2temperature, pattern of rainfall and other greenhouse gases are expected to modify the climate of the earth in the next50100 years.

Crop simulation model is mathematical and statistical programme that simulates (predicts) the behavior (output) of a plant (e.g. yield) from environmental conditions (inputs, incl. management) and variables describing the plant'secophysiology (parameters). Crop modeling systems are designed to assist in analyzing the growth and developmentof crops and the environmental variables to which they are exposed. The model below schematically illustrates theoperation of a typical simulation.

Shehzad Mehmood , Plant Sciences Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad.

Crop modeling and most numerical applications in naturalsciences became actually possible because of development of computers. Crop weather models can improve response farmingin two different ways.

One is to better understand the impact of local weatheron cal crop s.

Second the models could be run with data of the currentyear to experiment with the management options anddecide onthe most appropriate strategies.

Mechanisms of plant response to these changes need to be incorporated in models that predict crop yield estimates toobtain an understanding of the potential consequences of such changes. Uncertainty about global impact on crops iscaused by both GCMs and the crop simulation models used for such global predictions. In particular, we lack a goodunderstanding of the complex interactions of CO2 and temperature effects at the process level of plant physiologyand development. Likewise, the combined effect of temperature and humidity is not taken into account in theavailable crop models. All in all, there is much scope and need to improve these models and also incorporatemechanisms that will allow us to more reliably explore ways to adapt to climate change, through geneticimprovement of specific traits or shifting crop management.The models are able to predict how the changes in the environment will affect the growth, development and the of impact yield. It is possible to change one or multiple environmental variables in order to predict the response of atarget crop for various environments. The models can also provide support for crop improvement and especially plantbreeding where predictions of differences between cultivars in response to different environments still needimprovement (Banterng et al., 2004, 2006) Gene-based crop models can provide valuable insights into whichcombinations of alleles favor adaptation to specific environments (Messina et al., 2006).The crop modeling would help us as;

Understanding and knowledge of the current cropping system. Affect the growth, development and the impact yield. Realization of crop species and cultivar responses to temperature, day length, solar radiation, water, nitrogen

and other environmental conditions and crop management factors.In agronomy, efficient crop improvement is needed to guarantee a continuous increase in yield. With no exception,crop yield improvement also requires joint interdisciplinary ventures to help develop new knowledge and tools.



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Even Indian Rice prices remained very much competitive than Pakistan and good demand shifted to India butstill performance of Pakistani export is quite satisfactory and will meet the target of exports of 04 million this inthis fiscal year.

with reference to food safety and human health. Control of mycotoxins in rice is the need of time, and should beintegrated control strategies for its decontamination, as a single remedy is unable to fulfill the requirements of foodsafety. One thing should be clear at this stage that complete elimination of mycotoxins from rice grains is impossiblein our climatic and storage conditions, however, the contamination level can be managed to a certain level, acquiringthe food safety standards described by various international agencies.

Most of the time, mycotoxins production is unavoidable, and unpredictable too, which makes it a unique challenge

Current market condition of Rice in Pakistan and total volume exported from July-11 to mid April-12. Theinformation is shared time to time in order to keep our buyer fully awarded with export statistics and price indications.

Market is standing at high nodes and buying/selling momentum yet continues. Iranian buyers are getting stronger andstronger in the market and picking up the stocks on higher prices than rest of exporters. The demand of Afghanistan isalso there in the market which is triggering it towards further inclination. Prices are now stable at higher end but notreceiving any depreciation because of their acceptance in trade. It is opened from the market that prices will notremain stable at this end and will get further price hike.The announcement of Qatar tender of 240,000 tons of Basmati Rice in Indian Market and Iraqi tender of 30,000 tonsof Basmati Rice in both Indian and Pakistani market may also act as catalyst to increase the prices. China this yearemerged as leading long rice importer of Pakistan because of comparatively higher prices of Thailand and Vietnamwhich tilted this market to Pakistan. The freight cost from Pakistan to China is also near to free therefore incurring lesstransportation expenses and making prices more competitive. China has picked around 120,000 tons of long grainrice from Pakistan and demand yet alive here. China is expected to increase rice imports about four-fold to more than2 million tons in 2012, on track to become the world's third-largest buyer after Indonesia and Nigeria.The Ramadan buying is other parameters on which the local hoarders have kept their hope and expecting for gooddemand from all Muslim importing countries which may further increase the prices. Saudi Arabia demand is also onhold while stocks in Iran are also seen miserable. Therefore Ramadan buying may also amplify the prices further. Thetotal exports proceeded from Pakistan in period from 01-July-2011 to 15-April-2012 is as follows;

Samee Ullah Naeem , Director Altas Foods (Pvt) Ltd. Pakistan.

Basmati Segment

Non Basmati Segment

Super Basmati

(White)

409,336 Tons

Blended Rice

(White) 162,129 Tons

Super Basmati (Parboiled) 115,350 Tons IRRI-09 Long Grain Rice (White) 47267 Tons

Basmati Rice

167976 Tons

IRRI-06 Long Grain Rice (White) 1,848,651 Tons

Super Basmati Brown Rice

63468 Tons

Blended Rice (Parboiled) 19,755 Tons

IRRI-09 Long Grain Rice (Parboiled 19,995 Tons

IRRI-06 Long Grain Rice (Parboiled) 233,634 Tons

Total

756,131/-

Total 2,331,432 /-

Remaining part of page#6



26/36

Climate Sustainable Agriculture or eco-friendly environment is on priority of manycountries while discussing food security issues, especially feeding 9.1 billion peopleon a single planet till 2050. While climate change is a global phenomenon, itsnegative impacts are more severely felt by poor people in developing countries who

rely heavily on the natural resource base for their livelihoods. The worst picture of climate change, in shape of recent floods (2010 & 2011), devastating floods 2011 inSindh Province alone damaged at least 880,000 hectares of standing crops, whichrepresent about 3.7 per cent of total national crop area, The United Nations' food agency. According to World Bank report Pakistan Water Economy: Running Dry:Nov 08-2005 Pakistan is also facing severe shortage of good quality water and thisproblem is mounting with time. PARB has funded following projects that will be helpful in combating effects of climate change:

1. Development of nutrient efficient wheat germplasm for food security in rain fed areas of Pakistan.2. Wheat crop improvement for drought tolerance through biotechnology:

3. Development of Drought Tolerant Cotton Variety.4. Improvement of chickpea productivity through identification of drought tolerant and disease resistant

chickpea genotypes for marginal lands.5. Transgenic approach to improve drought and salinity tolerance in wheat.6. Development of transgenic sugarcane against major abiotic stresses.

The detail of each project is available on PARB - www.parb.gop.pk

PARB Corner

Maryam Naseer: Research Publication of Research Punjab Agricultural Research Board

thThe 26 Board meeting of PARBheld under the Chairmanship of Minister for Agriculture Punjab,Malik Ahmed Ali Aulakh. TheBoard granted approval forappointment of ExecutiveMember (M&E) and ExecutiveMember (A&F) whereas therecommendation against theappointment of ExecutiveMember (P&P) was referredback to Selection Com ideration.The meeting also decided totechnically monitor 12 PARBfunded projects for third partyevaluation.

4.Board Meeting

A consultative meeting was held

under the Chairmanship of S e c r e t a r y A g r i c u l t u r eMuhammad Mushtaq Ahmed to

s u g g e s t h o w t o r e f o r magricultural research system inPunjab and identification of highpriority researchable issues.During the discussion, SuddenDeath diseases in fruits, L & DDvaccine, development of diseasetolerant, micro and macronutrient deficient varieties, database for different crops andstrengthening public- privatepartnership were highlighted askey issues.

3.PARB hold ConsultativeMeeting on

Agricultural Research Issues

A six day workshop was held toproduce a set of guidelines andframeworks to formulate theoperational strategy of the newlycreated Ministry of National FoodS e c u r i t y a n d R e s e a r c h(FS&R).Chief Executive PARBDr. Mubarik Ali briefed aboutsteps being taken for ensuringfood security in Punjab Province.He suggested that FS&R shouldwork only in those areas which arenot being undertaken by Provincesin order to avoid duplication andcompetition of resources. Wemust learn from the mistakes of theMinistry of Food and Agriculture(MINFA) and the new ministryshould generate the impression of useful partner with the provincesto promote food security in thecountry he added.

2. National Workshop :Food Security in Pakista. FutureChallenges and Coping Strategies

The Executive CommitteeMeeting of Farmers AssociatesPakistan (FAP) held under theChairmanship of Sultan HameedDirector FAP. The Chief ExecutivePARB, Dr. Mubarik Ali, wasinvited in the meeting to brief theCommittee about PARB. Hehighlighted the role of researchand innovation in instigatingsustainable growth in theagriculture sector and economicuplifting of rural communities inthe Punjab province. The PARBwas created to overcome the

constraints of research system, butunless private sector like FAP,politicians and government takekeen interest in boosting thesolution-based research &innovation system in the province,the agriculture sector will continuegrowing at 2-3% instead of itspotential of 6-8% annual growth.Dr. Tariq Bucha President FAPthanked Dr. Mubarik Ali andacknowledged the efforts of PARBfor bringing the fruits of science

and innovations to the farmers.

1. Executive CommitteeMeeting of FAP

16


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1. Philippines to Export 'Wild Rice' (Not Basmati) Next YearThe Philippines' Agriculture Secretary has reiterated that the country will begin rice exports next year, but has for thefirst time said that the rice will labeled as "wild rice" and not basmati. The news came as a jolt to basmati ricestakeholders in India and Pakistan, two countries that claim that basmati is their national heritage and is protected

under the Geographical Indication (GI) Act. Pakistani officials told Oryza that basmati rice can be neither grown norexported from any other country except India and Pakistan, and threatened to take up the issue in the World TradeOrganization against the Philippines.However, the Agriculture Secretary said that the aromatic rice will continue tobe known as basmati rice locally.

2. U.S. Senate Passes Farm Bill 64-35 - Commodity Organizations Pleased, Rice FarmersDisappointed

The U.S. Agriculture Committee has passed the Farm Bill, "The Agriculture Reform, Food and Jobs Act of 2012,".Some Republican and Democratic senators say that the Farm Bill will cut overall spending by $23 billion over 10years, and several large commodity organizations congratulated the Senate on its passage. However, several ricefarmer groups and Senators representing them are disappointed. They say that besides other lacunae in the Bill, ricefarmers have been unfairly asked to take a 65% reduction in the safety net funds, against the 30% average reduction

for other crops. Rice farmer groups are also worried that stopping direct payments will hurt rice farmers the most.They have expressed hope that the House of Representatives will consider the interests of the U.S. rice industrybefore legislation.

3. Indonesia Rice Output Forecast to Rise 3.3% in 2012Indonesia's Deputy Agriculture Minister has said that rice production in the country is expected to increase by 3.3% in2012, and that Indonesia has not decided on the volume of rice imports for this year. A riseof 3.3% in rice output could reduce demand for imported rice by Indonesia significantly.Though Indonesia is a large producer of rice, it is also one of the largest rice consumersand importers of the world. Last year, the country imported about 2.8 million tons, about7.8% of the total domestic production of about 35.5 million tons.Indonesia's import policy bars the government from announcing import requirementsbefore the harvest completes in June. However, the UN's Food and AgricultureOrganization (FAO) estimates that Indonesia will import about 1.5 million tons of rice in 2012, including the 700,000tons of rice already exported before harvest began

4. Oryza Rice Recap - Rice Subsidies in the U.S., India, and ThailandThe Indian rupee has declined about 25% since May of last year, compared to about a 10% decline in the Pakistani

rupee over the same period. Thai and Viet currencies have been little changed.India's decision last autumn to allow exports of non-basmati rice for the first time in4 years weighed upon prices and so too did the weakening rupee, making alreadyvery competitive Indian rice priced yet more competitive on world markets.Pakistan's rice exporters have recently expressed frustration in the rupee's

downward pressure on rice prices, saying that the Pakistani government needs toprovide additional support to the sector. Thai rice farmers are receiving via the Thairice mortgage scheme. Promising fair bounties for all is politically popular, butoften the easiest promises to make are the hardest to keep - in the long run.

Source with Thanks: http://oryza.com

17

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1. A week monsoon is expected in India and onset of monsoon on Kerala state in South is delayed by six days.

2. Cambodia is expected to have rice surplus of 2.78 million tons which will be available for export. Last yearCambodia exported 750,000 tons.

3. Bangladesh lifted ban on export of Aromatic Rice, due to bumper crop.

4. Sri Lanka has decided to allow export of 50,000 tons of rice primarily to South Africa in anticipation of goodcrop area under Hybrid rice cultivation which will increase upto25% in India.

5. Iran again defaults on rice payment.

6. International Finance Corporation and MATCO rice Processing Pakistan has entered into a deal afterresolving quarantine related issues. China has allowed the resumption of rice import from Cambodia.

7. Minimum Support Price (MSP) of paddy issue in India is getting confuse. As ministry of food is not agree tothe recommendation of Ministry of Agriculture which has suggested an increase of $32 per ton and $18 per

ton as bounce.8. Ghulam Rasul & Co, a Pakistan based contractor of Saudi star company in Ethiopia lost three of its workers in

Gambella during a rebel attack.

9. TTY to open $6 million rice plant in African countries especially east Africa may face feminine and hunger.

10. Philippine is seeking an extension of three years in Quantitative Restriction Quota for 3 years.

11. Thailand has extended rice mortgage scheme till 2013, the price of 5% bench mark grade to $800 per ton.Current price is $625.

12. A week monsoon is expected in India and onset of monsoon on Kerala state in South is delayed by six days.

13. Bangladesh may import 900,000 tons of rice due to less than targeted production this year (production isexpected 33.87 million tons against target of 34.7 million tons.

14. Philippine is expected to limit rice import to 500,000 metric tons next year but it seems an uphill task.

15. El-Nino might adversely impact rice production in India and Indonesia.

16. Vietnam rice farmers plant inferior varieties of rice despite warning from Government department.

17. Pakistan Customs Authorities turn down a request from REAP to exempt grain Silo import from duty.

18. Philippine company has developed a hybrid seed (SL8), capable of producing 12-15 tons/hectare.

19. Indonesia will import 1.5 million tons this year including 700,000 tons already imported.

20. Brazil will be aggressive exporter of rice like in 2009-2010(exported more than 1 million tons) after a week export performance in 2011.

21. Philippine finally agreed not to use "Basmati name while exporting rice to gulf countries, but will continue tocall it "Basmati" locally.

22. Russia might import 200,000 tons of rice this year due to less production.



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Date

Event Detail

Venue

July 10 th

-12 th,2012

World Sustainable

Agriculture

Congress 2012

Singapore

The congress aims to bring together businesses from across the entire food value chain to explore ideas, strategies, partners hips and CSRinitiatives to ensure food security, business sustainability and long term profitability.

July 16 th

-19 th, 2012

5th Annual International Symposium on Agriculture

Greece

The conference aims to bring scholars and students together in the discipline of agricultureJuly 20 th

, 2012

Workshop Data Mining in Agriculture DMA 2012

Germany

The workshop aims to provide a forum for identifying important contributions and opportunities for research on data mining as it applies toagriculture to promote the systematic study of how to apply data mining to agriculture data.

July 23 rd

-25 th

,2012

Africa Rice Outlook 2012 -

Optimizing Rice Trading

South Africa

The event focuses to share latest rice market insights for not only Africa, but also the major foreign exporting players that do businessthere.

July 25 th

-26 th

,

2012

Myanmar: Agri Trade, Investments & Infrastructure 2012

Myanmar

The event aims to tap into the emerging

agro opportunities, both upstream and downstream processing in Myanmar.

August 7 th

-10 th

Biodiversity Asia 2012

India

Biodiversity Asia 2012 will include important updates on conservation research in Asia in lectures, workshops, plenary sessions, symposiaand poster sessions by leading scientists and students.

August 11 th

-12 th

2012

International Conference on Environment,

Agriculture

and FoodSciences

Thailand

The conference aims to share new advances and research results in the fields of theoretical, experimental, and applied Environment,

Agriculture and Food Sciences and its Applications.

August 19 -22 nd

2012

The 2012 International Conference on the Utiliza tion of Heterosis inCrops

China

The 2012 International Conference on the Utilization of Heterosis in Crops (ICUHC) having optimal themes to strengthen broaderinternational academic exchange and cooperation, vigorously motivate sic-tech developments.

September 3 rd

-6 th

2012

Agritech Asia 2012

India

It aims to bring together latest agriculture technologies and professional to interact and bring awareness to all segment of end user.

September 3 rd

to 7 th

2012

2012 International Conference on

Agriculture, Science andEngineering

Nigeria

The major objective is to provide a unique environment to sharing innovative practices, cutting-edge research and unique experiences as

well as strategies.

September 4 th -6 th ,2012

Agri Congress

Malaysia

The Agriculture Congress 2012 is arranged with the theme of "Transforming Agriculture for Future Harvest"September 10 th -12 th,2012

The 6th International Hybrid Rice Symposium

India

The symposium aims to facilitate a discussion platform to tackles the issue of increasing rice yields and worlds increasing demand forrice.

September 18 th -20 th ,2012 The 2nd Asia Pacific Symposium on Post Harvest Indonesia

The symposium focuses on post harvest technology innovation, GAP implementation, post harvest in plant factory, quarantine system andpolicy supporting food safety for horticultural products, grains and tubers plus one day field visit.

September 26 th -28 th 2012 TRT World Rice Conference Indonesia

This conference aims to share the cutting edge information about world of rice trade and networking.

October 4 th -5 th ,2012 Second International Conference on Food Studies USA

The conference aims to bring knowledge community together by a common interest to explore new possibilities for sustainable foodproduction and human nutrition and dimensions of a new green revolution.

October 15 th -17 th ,2012 Agri Congress Africa 2012 South Africa It aims to bring together businesses from across the entire food value chain to explore ideas, strategies, partnerships and initiatives toensure food security, business sustainability.

October 16 th -18 th ,2012 Agriculture Investment Summit Asia Singapore

An event for inv estors and agriculture companies to learn about partnership & investment opportunities in commodities, companies andfarmland in Asian regions.

October 29 th -1st

November 2012 Global Conference on Agricultural Research for Development(GCARD)

Uruguay

The conference brings together all the AR4D stakeholders from all over the world.November 26 th 28

th ,2012 International Conference on Agricultural & Food Engineering Malaysia

The main objective is to provide the forum for discussion of research results and new scientific knowledge, promote networking,interaction among academia and industry.

November 26 th -29th

,2012 10th International Symposium on Rice Functional Genomics (ISRFG10th)

Thailand

The symposium aims to bring together rice functional genomics research community and imminent climate change on rice productivity.It also have focus to develop a concrete strategic for

innovative genomics tools and genetic resources to enabling breedin g-by-design more

efficiently and effectively in all rice growing countries. Note:

The Complete detail is available on w w w.conferen cealer ts .com

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Types of Deposits

Rates of Return

Types of Deposits

Rates of Return

PLS Saving Account

6.00% p.a

Mustaqbil Mehfooz Deposit

(Fixed).

8.00% p.a.

Business DepositsAccounts

6.00% p.a

Zarai Term DepositCertificates ( Fixed 3 Years)

6.00% p.a.

PLS Term Deposits

Rozana Bachat Accounts

(Deposit Balance )

03 Months

6.10% p.a.

Less than Rs. 10,000/ -

6.00% p.a.

06 Months

6.20% p.a.

Rs. 10,001 / -

to Rs. 100,000/

6.50% p.a.

12 Months

6.30% p.a.

RS. 100,001/ -

to Rs.500,000/

7.00% p.a.

24 Months

6.60% p.a.

Rs. 500,001 to Rs. 5,000,000/ -

8.00% p.a.

36 Months

6.80% p.a.

Rs. 5,000,001/ to 10,000,000/

9.00% p.a.

48 Months

7.10% p.a.

Rs. 10,000,001 / and above

10.00% p.a

60 Months & Above

7.40% p.a.

Minfa Revolving FundDeposit Account

(For Village Organization )

7.50%

Zarai Munafa TermDeposit Certificate( Fixed)

10.50% p.a. Minfa special saving Deposit

Account(For Village Organization )

7.50 %

Profit Rate on Premature Withdrawal

Note: Return on different types of deposits effective from May 1, 2012

Contact:

ZTBL. Public Relations Department & Media Services Department Tel: 9253081, Fax:9253081

Agriculture stakeholders can benefit fromthe information about rate of returns offeredby ZTBL. Rice plus Magazine always try toprovide information useful for rice andallied sectors stakeholders.

Deposit Period

Rates of Return

Less than 3 Months

Nil

3 months & before 6months

2.5% p.a.

6 months & before 12months

3.00 % p.a.

12 months & before18 months

3.50 % p.a.


4.00 % p.a.


4.50% p.a.

At completion of 36months

6.00% p.a.

Press Release dated 11 June,2012

Note : This Pr ess Release have been rece ived f rom Z TBL ,Is lamabad



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Rice Plus Magazine Quarterly ;6th ISSUE;July-September 2012;Lahore Pakistan Mujahid Ali ;Rice,

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Transcript of Rice Plus Magazine Quarterly ;6th ISSUE;July-September 2012;Lahore Pakistan Mujahid Ali ;Rice,