1. SUBMITTED BY:SUMANT GARG2909012CSE 1 (A1)

2. RH253 arms students within-depth knowledge neededto configure common RedHat EnterpriseLinux RH133 focuses on skills in network services. Network systems administration on Red Hat Linux, to a level where youand local security tasks are can attach and configure a also topics of this courseThe first course for both RHCT workstation on an existingand RHCE certification tracks, network. This course providesRH033 is for who have neverintensive hands-on training onused Linux or UNIX, and whoRed Hat Enterprise Linux, and ithave no prior command line preparefor theRHCTexperience in anyother Certification .operating system. You aretaught the basics of a Red HatEnterprise Linux environment,and it prepares you for yourfuture role as a systemadministrator. 3. Linux DistributionProjectRPMYUMDHCPNFSSAMBAFTPAPACHE (HTTP) 4. Redhat Package ManagementTo query what software packages have been installed $ rpm -qaTo query a software package $ rpm -q emacsTo install a software package $ rpm -i emacs-21.4-19.el5.i386.rpm Error: Failed dependencies:Disadvantages Very primitive Have to resolve software dependencies manually 5. Yellowdog Update, Modified To find out what software packages have beeninstalled on a system $ yum list Installed Packages gawk.i3863.1.5-14.e15 installed gcc.i386 4.1.2-14.e15installed Available Packages emacs.i386 21.4-19.e16base 6. To find out if nfs has been install $ yum list nfs To install nfs $ yum install nfs To remove nfs $ yum remove nfs 7. Class-full addressing Class A(1-127) Class B(128-191)Class-less addressing Class C(192-223) CIDR(Classless Inter-Domain Class D(224-239)Routing) Class E(240-255) FLSM(Fixed Length Subnet Masking) VLSM(Variable Length SubnetMasking) 8. Created by the Host Configuration Working Dynamic HostStandard protocolGroup of the InternetConfiguration Protocol Engineering Task Force (IETF) Utilizing ports: 67 connections to serverUses clientserver Runs over UDP 68 connections to client modelin general 9. Extensions: Supports temporary allocation (leases) ofIP addresses DHCP client can acquire all IP configurationparameters needed to operate DHCP is the preferred mechanism fordynamic assignment of IP addresses DHCP can interoperate with BOOTP clients. 13 10. The Network File System (NFS) is a distributed file system that allowsusers to access files and directories located on remote computers andtreat those files and directories as if they were local. For example,users can use operating system commands to create, remove, read,write, and set file attributes for remote files and directories.NFS was developed by Sun Microsystems in 1994NFS allows fill or partial file systems from other hosts to be mounted tothe local file system 11. NFS makes files on a remote host appear as part of the localhosts file systemNFS allows you to centralize administration of disks instead ofduplicating directories on every systemOnly the servers need to be backed up if clients do not storedata locallyResources that need to be shared must be exported by theserverAny file system or subset may be exported 12. Limited securityClients and servers trust each otherunconditionallyHost names can be spoofed (a machineclaiming to be another) 13. Means making a local directory of file available for mounting The file is /etc/exports over the network by NFSclientsOne line per resource NFS server maintain a table ofcontaining the path to theexported resources directory to be exported $ exportsfs #shows current exportsfollowed by a space separated table $ exprotsfs -a #exports all resources list of hosts that may accessin exports file the resource followed by aparenthesized list of options 14. Samba is an Open Source Suite, that provides seamless file and printservices to SMB/CIFS clients.Samba is freely available. With Samba, you can share a Linux file system with Windows and vice versa.You can also share printers connected to either Linux or a systemwith Windows.Samba enables a Linux or Unix server to function as a file server forclient PCs running Windows software. 15. What is SMB?SMB stands for Server Message Block.It is a protocol by which a lot of PC-related machines sharefiles and printers and other information such as lists ofavailable files and printers.Operating systems that support this natively includeWindows NT, OS/2, and Linux.What is CIFS?CIFS Common Internet File System is a protocol that isbasically an updated SMB. 16. The File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is used as one of the most common file server, which used to download/upload filesfrom/to web server over the Internet. Most web based downloadsites use the built in FTP capabilities of web browsers andtherefore most server oriented operating systems usually include an FTP server application as part of the software suite.Linux is no exception.This will show you how to make your Linux server into an FTPserver using the default Very Secure FTP Daemon (VSFTPD) package included in RHEL 6. 17. Type -: System V-managed servicePackage -: vsftpdDaemon -: /usr/sbin/vsftpdScript -: /etc/init.d/vsftpdPorts -: 21 (ftp), 20 (ftp-data)Configuration -: /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf, /etc/vsftpd.ftpusers, /etc/pam.d/vsftpdLog -: /var/log/xferlogRelated -: tcp_wrappers, ip_conntrack_ftp, ip_nat_ftp 18. Command Descriptionget filenameRetrieve file from servermget filename*Retrieve multiple files from server*put filenameCopy local file to servermput filename*Copy multiple local files to server*open server Begin login to serverbye / close / exitLogoff serverls / dirList files in current remote dir on serverlcd Change local directorycdChange remote directoryrhelp / remotehelpLists commands the server accepts * Sent to server as multiple command by User Protocol Interpreter 19. 1. Limit network traffic and increase network performance.2. Provide traffic flow control.3. Provide a basic level of security for network access.4. Decide which types of traffic are forwarded or blocked attherouter interfaces. For example: Permit e-mail traffic to be routed, butblock all telnet traffic.5. Allow an administrator to control what areas a client can access ona network.6. If ACLs are not configured on the router, all packets passing throughthe router will be allowed onto all parts of the network. 20. The Apache HTTP Server Project is an effort todevelop and maintain an open-source HTTP server for modern operating systems includingUNIX and Windows NT. The goal of this project is to provide a secure, efficient and extensibleserver that provides HTTP services in sync with the current HTTP standards. HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) server, or a web server, is a network service that serves content to a client over the web. This typicallymeans web pages, but any other documents can be served as well. 21. Caching modules, thatis, mod_cache and mod_disk_cache.Support for proxy load balancing, that is,the mod_proxy_balancer module.Support for large files on 32-bit architectures, allowingthe web server to handle files greater than 2GB.Authentication and authorization support,