RF based wireless robot.pptx

8/17/2019 RF based wireless robot.pptx

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RF based wireless robot

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Overview Radio frequency remote consists of transmitter at the transmitter end and a

receiver at the receiver end connected, which is connected to a remote circuit

that is to be controlled. A control signal is transferred from transmitter end in

the form of electromagnetic waves or radio waves such that to control the

device remotely, which is connected to the receiver end. This control signal is

transmitted using electromagnetic waves or radio waves of radio frequency.

Thus, the control signal received at the receiver end can be used to control any

object such as robotic vehicle, special purpose robot, communication purpose

device, and so on.

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Block Diagram

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Components Required L2!" #

$T#2% #

$T#2" #

&'() *+ 2

otors 2

R- Transmitter

R- Receiver

Resistances

Resistance #/0 '

Resistance !/0 #

Resistance #(/0 1

Resistance '(/ #

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POWER SPP!"

230 V

AC 50Hz 5V

DC

12V step down

transformer

Filter(470µf

5! "e#$lator%rid#e re&ti'er

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#C$%&'(D


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Cont)

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%&'(D is a decoder integrated circuit that belongs to 2#2 series of decoders. This series of decoders

are mainly used for remote control system applications, li8e burglar alarm, car door controller, security

system etc. *t is mainly provided to interface R- and infrared circuits. They are paired with 2#2 series

of encoders. The chosen pair of encoder9decoder should have same number of addresses and data

format.

*n simple terms, $T#2" converts the serial input into parallel outputs. *t decodes the serial addresses

and data received by, say, an R- receiver, into parallel data and sends them to output data pins. The

serial input data is compared with the local addresses three times continuously. The input data code is

decoded when no error or unmatched codes are found. A valid transmission in indicated by a high

signal at :T pin.

$T#2" is capable of decoding #2 bits, of which ' are address bits and 1 are data bits. The data on 1

bit latch type output pins remain unchanged until new is received.


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#C$%&'(E

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Cont)

*

%&'(E is an encoder integrated circuit of 2#2 series of encoders. They are paired with 2#2 series of

decoders for use in remote control system applications. *t is mainly used in interfacing R- and infrared

circuits. The chosen pair of encoder9decoder should have same number of addresses and data format.

5imply put, $T#2% converts the parallel inputs into serial output. *t encodes the #2 bit parallel data

into serial for transmission through an R- transmitter. These #2 bits are divided into ' address bits and1 data bits.

$T#2% has a transmission enable pin which is active low. 7hen a trigger signal is received on T% pin,

the programmed addresses9data are transmitted together with the header bits via an R- or an infrared

transmission medium. $T#2% begins a 1;word transmission cycle upon receipt of a transmission

enable. This cycle is repeated as long as T% is 8ept low. As soon as T% returns to high, the encoder

output completes its final cycle and then stops.


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!(*+D

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Cont)

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L2!" is a typical otor driver or otor "river *+ which allows "+ motor to drive

on either direction. L2!" is a #;pin *+ which can control a set of two "+ motors

simultaneously in any direction. *t means that you can control two "+ motor with a

single L2!" *+.

"ual $;bridge otor "river integrated circuit *+0. here are two %nable pins on l2!d.

3in # and pin , for being able to drive the motor, the pin # and need to be high. -or

driving the motor with left $;bridge you need to enable pin # to high. And for right $;

4ridge you need to ma8e the pin to high. *f anyone of the either pin# or pin goes low

then the motor in the corresponding section will suspend wor8ing. *t


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#C,-./

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Cont)

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:oltage regulator *+=s are the *+


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Resistance

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Cont)

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Resistance is the opposition that a substance offers to the flow of electric

current. *t is represented by the uppercase letter R. The standard unit of

resistance is the ohm, sometimes written out as a word, and sometimes

symboli?ed by the uppercase @ree8 letter omega. 7hen an electric current

of one ampere passes through a component across which a potential

difference voltage0 of one volt e>ists, then the resistance of that component

is one ohm.

*n general, when the applied voltage is held constant, the current in a direct;

current "+0 electrical circuit is inversely proportional to the resistance.


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RF 0odule

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Cont)

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An RF module radio frequency module0 is a usually0 small electronic device used to

transmit and9or receive radio signals between two devices. *n an embedded system it is

often desirable to communicate with another device wirelessly. This wireless

communication may be accomplished through optical communication or through Radio

-requency R-0 communication. -or many applications the medium of choice is R-

since it does not require line of sight. R- communications incorporate a transmitter and

or receiver. 5everal carrier frequencies are commonly used in commercially;available R-

modules, including those in the industrial, scientific and medical *50 radio bands such

as 1!!.2 $?, !#) $?, '' $?, #) $?, and 21(( $?. These frequencies are

used because of national and international regulations governing the used of radio for

communication.


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!ED

1)


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Cont)A light;emitting diode L%"0 is a two;lead semiconductor light

source. *t is a pn;junction diode, which emits light when activated.

7hen a suitable voltage is applied to the leads, electrons are able to

recombine with electron holes within the device, releasing energy

in the form of photons. This effect is called electroluminescence,

and the color of the light corresponding to the energy of the

photon0 is determined by the energy band gap of the semiconductor.

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0otor

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Working O1 Pro2ect

4y using the push buttons of transmitter, we can send commands to the receiver for

controlling the movement of the wireless robotic vehicle. The receiver and two

motors used for movement of robot are interfaced to the microcontroller of the

robotic vehicle. The transmitter encodes the input commands given by the controller

and transmits the encoded data using radio frequency. This encoded data transmitted

from the R- transmitter is received by the receiver at the receiving end, which is

connected to the robotic vehicle. The receiver consists of R- antenna designed to

wor8 over an adequate range of 2(( meters. This, receiver after receiving the data

from the transmitter, decodes the data and sends it to another microcontroller for

driving the "+ motors using a motor;driver *+ to move the robotic vehicle. A laser

pen mounted on the robotic vehicle can be operated using output from the

microcontroller based on the signal received from the transmitter.

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3pplications

The movement of Robot is controlled by R- transmitter by sending a specific

command to R- Receiver. This project ma8es use of the transmitter and

receiver at 1!!$? that is available at low cost hence ma8ing it very

complicated. The Radio -requency based control proves to be more

advantageous compared to the *nfrared Red based control that limits the

operating range to only a few meters of distance.

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Future 3spects +ontrol up to #( Robots from the @B* Application through the 4ase 5tation.

Bse a secured wireless channel using encryption and decryption.

+onsider larger bandwidth system should be onboard because video streaming

service desired.

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+$er,-.../$er,-..

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an o$

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RF based wireless robot.pptx

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