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Revised Compliance Testing Program for Body Armor
IACP Conference – San Diego, CaliforniaNovember 8, 2008
Revised Compliance Testing Program for Body Armor
IACP Conference – San Diego, CaliforniaNovember 8, 2008
NATIONAL LAW ENFORCEMENT AND CORRECTIONS TECHNOLOGY CENTER SYSTEMNATIONAL LAW ENFORCEMENT AND CORRECTIONS TECHNOLOGY CENTER SYSTEM
Lance MillerDirector
National Law Enforcement and CorrectionsTechnology Center–National
Rockville, Maryland
Lance MillerDirector
National Law Enforcement and CorrectionsTechnology Center–National
Rockville, Maryland
National Institute of Justice
Sponsors the CTP Provides Funding Legal Expertise/Counsel
National Institute of Justice
Sponsors the CTP Provides Funding Legal Expertise/Counsel
National Institute of Justice Voluntary Compliance Testing Program (CTP)
National Law Enforcement and Corrections
Technology Center
Administers the CTP Provides Subject Matter
Expertise Law Enforcement Agency
Outreach
National Law Enforcement and Corrections
Technology Center
Administers the CTP Provides Subject Matter
Expertise Law Enforcement Agency
Outreach
National Institute of Justice Voluntary Compliance Testing Program
National Institute of Standards
and Technology (NIST)
Provides Scientific and Engineering Support
Conducts ResearchAuthors standards and user
guides
National Institute of Standards
and Technology (NIST)
Provides Scientific and Engineering Support
Conducts ResearchAuthors standards and user
guides
National Institute of Justice Voluntary Compliance Testing Program
NIJ Standards and Testing ProgramNIJ Standards and Testing Program
The Purpose of the National Institute of Justice’s Voluntary Compliance Testing Program is
to ensure to the degree possible that body armor used for law enforcement and corrections application is safe, is reliable,
and meets performance requirements throughout the declared performance period.
A new approach to compliance testing for body armor.
• In response to the Attorney General’s directive “to assess…the processes by which body armor is tested and approved.”
• Based on input from the law enforcement community, it is no longer satisfactory to only test armor designs once in “like new” condition:
Must address ongoing performance of subsequent production units (post-compliance), and
Take steps to begin to understand the effects of environmental factors over time on armor performance.
• The NIJ/NIST/NLECTC team reviewed current methods used to evaluate product conformance and safety to determine approach.
A new approach to compliance testing for body armor.
• In response to the Attorney General’s directive “to assess…the processes by which body armor is tested and approved.”
• Based on input from the law enforcement community, it is no longer satisfactory to only test armor designs once in “like new” condition:
Must address ongoing performance of subsequent production units (post-compliance), and
Take steps to begin to understand the effects of environmental factors over time on armor performance.
• The NIJ/NIST/NLECTC team reviewed current methods used to evaluate product conformance and safety to determine approach.
Compliance Testing Program OverviewCompliance Testing Program Overview
Revisions to theNIJ Standard
for Ballistic-Resistant Body Armor:
NIJ Standard 0101.06
Revisions to theNIJ Standard
for Ballistic-Resistant Body Armor:
NIJ Standard 0101.06
NIJ Standards and Testing Program
What Changes?
• Redefined Threat Level Classes: Elimination of Threat Level I: No longer sufficient for LE duty use
Velocities at Level IIA, II, and IIIA increased to reflect current threats
.357 SIG replaces 9mm test round for Type IIIA
• Specified projectiles: Manufacturer and model of test rounds clearly identified in standard to reduce potential for variability in testing.
• Increased Amount of Testing: More armor samples tested per model: 12 complete vests (4 previous)
Increased number of P-BFS shots: Previously 48 – Now 144
• Testing of Multiple Armor Sizes: Five standard templates, from Small to Extra Large, are identified in standard. Manufacturers must submit the smallest and largest sizes for testing that they intend to produce for model.
What Changes?
• Redefined Threat Level Classes: Elimination of Threat Level I: No longer sufficient for LE duty use
Velocities at Level IIA, II, and IIIA increased to reflect current threats
.357 SIG replaces 9mm test round for Type IIIA
• Specified projectiles: Manufacturer and model of test rounds clearly identified in standard to reduce potential for variability in testing.
• Increased Amount of Testing: More armor samples tested per model: 12 complete vests (4 previous)
Increased number of P-BFS shots: Previously 48 – Now 144
• Testing of Multiple Armor Sizes: Five standard templates, from Small to Extra Large, are identified in standard. Manufacturers must submit the smallest and largest sizes for testing that they intend to produce for model.
NIJ Standard-0101.06NIJ Standard-0101.06
What Changes?
• New Wet Conditioning Protocol: Previously shower spray: now submersion Verifies water resistance of ballistic panel
covers and seams
• Increased Edge Performance: Minimum shot-to-edge distance reduced from
3 to 2 inches Manufacturers have option of specifying
closer shot-to-edge distances
• New Shot Pattern (Type IIA, II, and IIIA): Remains six shots per panel, but 3 shot group
introduced Grouped shots can be randomly placed on
panel (in fair hit zone) Better evaluates armor’s ability to withstand
multiple hits in a
localized area
What Changes?
• New Wet Conditioning Protocol: Previously shower spray: now submersion Verifies water resistance of ballistic panel
covers and seams
• Increased Edge Performance: Minimum shot-to-edge distance reduced from
3 to 2 inches Manufacturers have option of specifying
closer shot-to-edge distances
• New Shot Pattern (Type IIA, II, and IIIA): Remains six shots per panel, but 3 shot group
introduced Grouped shots can be randomly placed on
panel (in fair hit zone) Better evaluates armor’s ability to withstand
multiple hits in a
localized area
NIJ Standard-0101.06NIJ Standard-0101.06
Previous shot pattern New Shot Pattern
(0101.04, 2005 IR’s) (0101.06)
Previous shot pattern New Shot Pattern
(0101.04, 2005 IR’s) (0101.06)
NIJ Standard-0101.06NIJ Standard-0101.06
What Changes?
• New Environmental Conditioning Protocol: Selected samples will be exposed to varying
levels of temperature and humidity prior to ballistic testing
Mechanical “wear and tear” (bending & flexing) will be simulated through the use of a tumbling chamber
Intended to help identify armor designs that have inherent weaknesses to environmental conditions encountered in routine field use
This protocol cannot be used to predict length of service life under field use conditions; instead, it provides some indication of the armor’s ability to maintain ballistic performance after exposure to heat, humidity, and simulated mechanical wear
What Changes?
• New Environmental Conditioning Protocol: Selected samples will be exposed to varying
levels of temperature and humidity prior to ballistic testing
Mechanical “wear and tear” (bending & flexing) will be simulated through the use of a tumbling chamber
Intended to help identify armor designs that have inherent weaknesses to environmental conditions encountered in routine field use
This protocol cannot be used to predict length of service life under field use conditions; instead, it provides some indication of the armor’s ability to maintain ballistic performance after exposure to heat, humidity, and simulated mechanical wear
NIJ Standard-0101.06NIJ Standard-0101.06
What Changes?
• Expanded Ballistic Limit (V50) Testing: Introduced in NIJ Standard-0101.04 (2000) as
an adjunct (no pass / fail criteria) to determine if ballistic limit testing was an appropriate tool to benchmark and evaluate ongoing armor performance; testing performed on 1 vest, 9mm only
0101.06: Now part of the pass / fail criteria – no perforation of the armor at or below NIJ P-BFS fair hit velocities.
V50 data now collected on new and environmentally conditioned samples, and with both calibers for the threat level
Enhanced statistical analysis of data, to better characterize armor penetration performance
What Changes?
• Expanded Ballistic Limit (V50) Testing: Introduced in NIJ Standard-0101.04 (2000) as
an adjunct (no pass / fail criteria) to determine if ballistic limit testing was an appropriate tool to benchmark and evaluate ongoing armor performance; testing performed on 1 vest, 9mm only
0101.06: Now part of the pass / fail criteria – no perforation of the armor at or below NIJ P-BFS fair hit velocities.
V50 data now collected on new and environmentally conditioned samples, and with both calibers for the threat level
Enhanced statistical analysis of data, to better characterize armor penetration performance
NIJ Standard-0101.06NIJ Standard-0101.06
Revisions toNIJ’s Compliance Testing Program:
A New Beginning
Revisions toNIJ’s Compliance Testing Program:
A New Beginning
NIJ Standards and Testing Program
Four Major Elements of the CTP
1. Type Testing2. Compliance Decision3. Attestation of Conformity4. Conformity Assessment Follow-Up
NIJ Standards and Testing Program
•New program is a Conformity Assessment process
Ensures products comply with the requirements of the standard during type testing and increases the confidence that subsequent production models continue to meet select requirements of the standard.
• Initial Type Testing to determine compliance with the standard
Expanded test sample size Testing of conditioned samples.
• Periodic Follow-Up Testing of production models.
Abbreviated ballistic testing (perforation only, 2 samples)
Comparison of construction to originally tested samples
Comparison of manufacturer documentation (build sheets) to original documentation on file
•New program is a Conformity Assessment process
Ensures products comply with the requirements of the standard during type testing and increases the confidence that subsequent production models continue to meet select requirements of the standard.
• Initial Type Testing to determine compliance with the standard
Expanded test sample size Testing of conditioned samples.
• Periodic Follow-Up Testing of production models.
Abbreviated ballistic testing (perforation only, 2 samples)
Comparison of construction to originally tested samples
Comparison of manufacturer documentation (build sheets) to original documentation on file
Compliance Testing Program OverviewCompliance Testing Program Overview
What stays the same?
• Participation in the program is voluntary.
• NLECTC provides oversight and coordination of the Conformity Assessment process.
• Samples are tested by NIJ-approved, independent, third party laboratories.
• For initial Type Testing, applicants select NIJ-approved laboratory, negotiate and pay test costs directly to laboratory.
• Models found to comply with the standard will be listed on NIJ’s Body Armor Compliant Products List (www.justnet.org).
What stays the same?
• Participation in the program is voluntary.
• NLECTC provides oversight and coordination of the Conformity Assessment process.
• Samples are tested by NIJ-approved, independent, third party laboratories.
• For initial Type Testing, applicants select NIJ-approved laboratory, negotiate and pay test costs directly to laboratory.
• Models found to comply with the standard will be listed on NIJ’s Body Armor Compliant Products List (www.justnet.org).
Compliance Testing Program AdministrationCompliance Testing Program Administration
What Changes?
• New laboratory accreditation process.
• New manufacturer application process (on line /Internet forms)
• Standardized “build sheet” for documenting construction.
• Labeling and Model Designation for test samples:
“Test Article” labeling for samples. Test Article test identification # assigned
by CTP. Applicant provides listed model
designation and NIJ Standard-compliant labels post-test.
• Test samples sent directly to test laboratory, not NLECTC.
• A “Stop Point” for models that fail PBS prior to conditioning.
What Changes?
• New laboratory accreditation process.
• New manufacturer application process (on line /Internet forms)
• Standardized “build sheet” for documenting construction.
• Labeling and Model Designation for test samples:
“Test Article” labeling for samples. Test Article test identification # assigned
by CTP. Applicant provides listed model
designation and NIJ Standard-compliant labels post-test.
• Test samples sent directly to test laboratory, not NLECTC.
• A “Stop Point” for models that fail PBS prior to conditioning.
Compliance Testing Program AdministrationCompliance Testing Program Administration
What Changes Continued:
• Compliance Status: Applicants must agree to participate in
“Follow-up” testing program for subsequent production units.
Compliance Status of models is no longer infinite. Compliance is for a specific period of time (5 years), but is subject to periodic renewal.
• New process to address appeals and
complaints:Special Review Committee (SRC): An
impartial committee is convened whenever there is a dispute or appeal related to a compliance decision. The SRC reviews the matter and makes recommendations for resolution to NIJ.
SRC members will include technical experts from Law Enforcement, Technical/Testing/Research, and Standards Development Organizations.
What Changes Continued:
• Compliance Status: Applicants must agree to participate in
“Follow-up” testing program for subsequent production units.
Compliance Status of models is no longer infinite. Compliance is for a specific period of time (5 years), but is subject to periodic renewal.
• New process to address appeals and
complaints:Special Review Committee (SRC): An
impartial committee is convened whenever there is a dispute or appeal related to a compliance decision. The SRC reviews the matter and makes recommendations for resolution to NIJ.
SRC members will include technical experts from Law Enforcement, Technical/Testing/Research, and Standards Development Organizations.
Compliance Testing Program AdministrationCompliance Testing Program Administration
Follow-Up Testing Program:
•Working with the ANSI/ASQ National Accreditation Board (ANAB)
• Assembled Committee of Experts
• Review of Body Armor Sector-specific requirements (BA 9001)
• Design scope
• Contract with assessors for ISO 9000 / BA 9001
•NLECTC oversees periodic sample collection and testing
• Follow-Up testing will require fewer samples
• Subjected to Perforation testing, in conjunction with physical comparison of construction and documentation.
• Developed a detailed process to ensure appropriate and consistent compliance status decisions based on test results.
Follow-Up Testing Program:
•Working with the ANSI/ASQ National Accreditation Board (ANAB)
• Assembled Committee of Experts
• Review of Body Armor Sector-specific requirements (BA 9001)
• Design scope
• Contract with assessors for ISO 9000 / BA 9001
•NLECTC oversees periodic sample collection and testing
• Follow-Up testing will require fewer samples
• Subjected to Perforation testing, in conjunction with physical comparison of construction and documentation.
• Developed a detailed process to ensure appropriate and consistent compliance status decisions based on test results.
Compliance Testing Program AdministrationCompliance Testing Program Administration
A phone call… a mouse click awayA phone call… a mouse click away
800-248-2742
www.justnet.org
800-248-2742
www.justnet.org
[email protected] NATIONAL LAW ENFORCEMENT AND
CORRECTIONS TECHNOLOGY CENTER SYSTEM
THE NATIONAL LAW ENFORCEMENT AND
CORRECTIONS TECHNOLOGY CENTER SYSTEM