Revisão geral
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Revisão geral
CG 09/10
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Introdução Plataformas de processamento paralelo e
distribuído Clusters Gerenciadores de recursos (RMS –
Resource Management Systems)NQESGECondor
Definições de grid
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Condor
Escalonamento oportunista Matchmaking Classads Arquitetura e processo principais Comandos principais Checkpointing DAGMan Master-worker Flocking
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EGEE
Overview do projetoObjetivosAplicaçõesProjetos relacionadosSustentabilidadeMiddleware
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gLite Aspectos administrativos de
desenvolvimento do middleware Arquitetura: serviços Job workflow Segurança
AutenticaçãoAutorizaçãoProxiesOrganizações virtuais (VO e VOMS)
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gLite Sistema de informação
BDII (Berkeley Database Information Index), ldap
Accounting Apel Dgas
Storage elements Computing Elements Gestão de jobs (WMS – Workload Management
System) User Interface (UI), Logging & Bookkeeping
(LB), Logical File Catalog (LFC)
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gLite Autenticação e autorização Chaves públicas e privadas Certificados Formas de criptografia Segurança
X.509 PKI Organizações virtuais IGTF Certificate authorities e registration authorities CRLs CNs e DNs Renovação de certificado Login to the grid, single sign-on, delegation
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gLite: WMS & DMS
Workload Management systemFeaturesAPI
Data Management SystemFeaturesAPI
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Arquitetura de grids (OGSA e outras) Desafios History and Evolution of Grid Introduction to Grid Architecture Key Components - Resource infrastructure Services in the Web and the Grid Technology: Globus
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Arquitetura de grids (OGSA)
Modelo da ampulheta (hourglass model)AplicaçõesCollective servicesCoreFabric
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Arquitetura de grids (OGSA)
Web services versus Grid services OGSA/OGSI/WSRF Implementation: Globus
Serviços (GRAM, GridFTP, GSI, etc) limitações
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Application Description Languages
Script-like Atribute-value Workflow-based Xml-based
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Languages ClassAds DAGMan VDL GXML AGWL XPWSL GEL GRID-ADL JDL JSDL
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Grid Systems and Scheduling Taxonomia (segundo Foster):
Computacionais Data grids Service grids
Taxonomia de aplicações Distributed supercomputing
High-Throughput Computing
On-Demand Computing
Data-Intensive Computing
Collaborative Computing
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Grid Systems and Scheduling (cont.)
Alternative classification for applications: IndependentLoosely-coupledTightly-coupled
Application managementPartitioningMappingallocation
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Grid Systems and Scheduling (cont.)
Particionamento e aglomeração de grafos de aplicação
Heurísticas de particionamento:Graph collapsingDominant edgeMachine cutzeroing
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Grid Systems and Scheduling (cont.)
Survey de estratégias de escalonamentoKwok & AhmadCasavant & KhulList scheduling family
Dominance sequence clustering (DSC)Kumar & Biswas
MinimaxZomaya et al.: Muliple queues with duplicationReinforcement learning
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Grid Systems and Scheduling (cont.)
Resource managementWhen to transferWhich taskWhich node
Sender-initiated Receiver-initiated Simmetrically-initiated
When to collect info
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Scheduling mechanisms for grids(according to Berman and reviewed by Kayser)
Níveis:Application JobResourceMeta-scheduler
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Scheduling mechanisms for grids
Legion Globus MyGrid/OurGrid GrADS EasyGrid Nimrod/G AppLeS GRAnD/AppMan
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Grid Systems and Scheduling (cont.)
Grid operating systemsVeja OSXtreemOS
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Grids versus Clouds
Rever bibliografia sugerida nos últimos slides da disciplina