Review for RAM Test
description
Transcript of Review for RAM Test
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Pham Spring 2014
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Need to know news.
War Death Election info Natural disaster Murder Crime
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Want to know Sports Weather Health Education Science Stocks Technology
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Celebrities that are in the news for elements of their personal lives
DUI Drug usage Having a baby Marriage Selling their house
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Fake news Aliens Tabloids Baby with eight
heads
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News covered for shock value
Can lack credibility Too biased or
extreme
The world is ending!
Obamacare is killing America!
Taxes are going to take 100% of your income!
Republicans are murders!
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Stories about local heroes or local topics that wouldn’t make national news
Local war hero Fireman saving
child from burning building
Local politician donates money to charity
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North Korea Tests Missle: Is a Strike on the U.S. Soon to Follow?
Hard news Soft news Newsmaker Pseudo News Sensationalism Human Interest
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North Korea Tests Missle: Is a Strike on the U.S. Soon to Follow?
Hard news Soft news Newsmaker Pseudo News Sensationalism Human Interest
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PR Students Honor Veterans: Bracelets and Cookies Handed Out Before School
Hard news Soft news Newsmaker Pseudo News Sensationalism Human Interest
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PR Students Honor Veterans: Bracelets and Cookies Handed Out Before School
Hard news Soft news Newsmaker Pseudo News Sensationalism Human Interest
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Chicago boxer found shot to death: ‘He was a charismatic guy’
Hard news Soft news Newsmaker Pseudo News Sensationalism Human Interest
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Chicago boxer found shot to death: ‘He was a charismatic guy’
Hard news Soft news Newsmaker Pseudo News Sensationalism Human Interest
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Metra train strikes pedestrian in Tinley Park
Hard news Soft news Newsmaker Pseudo News Sensationalism Human Interest
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E-cigarettes spark call for study: Regulation to follow
Hard news Soft news Newsmaker Pseudo News Sensationalism Human Interest
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E-cigarettes spark call for study: Regulation to follow
Hard news Soft news Newsmaker Pseudo News Sensationalism Human Interest
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No One Is Safe: Elf on the Shelf Revealed to Be Part of NSA Spying Program
Hard news Soft news Newsmaker Pseudo News Sensationalism Human Interest
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No One Is Safe: Elf on the Shelf Revealed to Be Part of NSA Spying Program
Hard news Soft news Newsmaker Pseudo News Sensationalism Human Interest
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Santa Claus Is Real: DNA tests prove that George W. Bush is a direct descendent
Hard news Soft news Newsmaker Pseudo News Sensationalism Human Interest
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Santa Claus Is Real: DNA tests prove that George W. Bush is a direct descendent
Hard news Soft news Newsmaker Pseudo News Sensationalism Human Interest
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New blood pressure drug approved: Fewer side effects, FDA claims
Hard news Soft news Newsmaker Pseudo News Sensationalism Human Interest
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New blood pressure drug approved: Fewer side effects, FDA claims
Hard news Soft news Newsmaker Pseudo News Sensationalism Human Interest
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Jay Cutler Out: McCown will start in Sunday’s game
Hard news Soft news Newsmaker Pseudo News Sensationalism Human Interest
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Jay Cutler Out: McCown will start in Sunday’s game
Hard news Soft news Newsmaker Pseudo News Sensationalism Human Interest
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Miley Cyrus’ scandelous new video: Will rehab follow?
Hard news Soft news Newsmaker Pseudo News Sensationalism Human Interest
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Miley Cyrus’ scandelous new video: Will rehab follow?
Hard news Soft news Newsmaker Pseudo News Sensationalism Human Interest
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Religion Speech Press Peaceable
assemble Petition the
government
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1. Obscenity2. Clear and present danger3. Libel or slander4. Interferes with defendant’s right to a
fair trial5. Violates FCC regulations over
broadcast airwaves6. False and deceptive advertising
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Student uses profanity at a school football game.
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Student uses profanity at a school football game.
NOT PROTECTED
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Students are suspended for refusing to remove an armband protesting the war.
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Students are suspended for refusing to remove an armband protesting the war.
PROTECTED – Tinker vs. Des Moines case – the landmark case for student free speech students do not give up all freedom at the schoolhouse doors.
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News reporter says the “F” word during a live broadcast on NBC
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News reporter says the “F” word during a live broadcast on NBC
NOT PROTECTED
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Actor on HBO says the “F” word during a live broadcast
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Actor on HBO says the “F” word during a live broadcast
PROTECTED – premium channel
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A new prescription claims a cure for cancer in 100% of patients
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A new prescription claims a cure for cancer in 100% of patients
NOT PROTECTED – false advertisement
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A news reporter publishes a story bashing a local Congressman for spending taxpayer money unfairly
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A news reporter publishes a story bashing a local Congressman for spending taxpayer money unfairly
PROTECTED – politicians need a higher standard of proof to prove “actual malice” for libel.
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In Style magazine publishes a story about how Tom Cruise abandoned his children after divorce with Katie Holmes, calling him a terrible father
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In Style magazine publishes a story about how Tom Cruise abandoned his children after divorce with Katie Holmes, calling him a terrible father
NOT PROTECTED – he says no proof and sued for millions for defamation of character
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A family leads a prayer at the Olive Garden before eating their meal
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A family leads a prayer at the Olive Garden before eating their meal
PROTECTED
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Two men in a bar are arguing, and one says he’s going to “rip off [the other man’s] head and beat [him] to a pulp”.
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Two men in a bar are arguing, and one says he’s going to “rip off [the other man’s] head and beat [him] to a pulp”.
NOT PROTECTED – clear and present danger
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A man holds a sign outside of a school that reads, “Be like Rob Ford; smoke more crack.”
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A man holds a sign outside of a school that reads, “Be like Rob Ford; smoke more crack.”
NOT PROTECTED – cannot promote “lawbreaking activity”
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In her student council speech, a student calls Mrs. Smith “an unfair Nazi” who “hates all students.”
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In her student council speech, a student calls Mrs. Smith “an unfair Nazi” who “hates all students.”
NOT PROTECTED - slander
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In the school newspaper, a student wants to publish an article about how terrible a school’s teachers and administrators are. Does this student have the right of free speech to do this?
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In the school newspaper, a student wants to publish an article about how terrible a school’s teachers and administrators are. Does this student have the right of free speech to do this?
NOT PROTECTED – limited freedom of press for school publication; administrators paying for publication decide what is/isn’t acceptable for community audience; may not represent “community values”.
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Romans post news sheets in town square
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Venice sells news sheets for a gazetta coin
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Restricted criticism of government. People could be jailed
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The wealthy and eliteNewspapers cost 6 cents, which was
a lot of money
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Benjamin Day publishes New York Sun for 1 cent
Focuses on crime, murders, violence, executions, etc.
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Sensational writing about poverty, slums, racism
Joseph PulitzerWilliam Randolph HurstEdward Scripps
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Associated pressHeadlineSub-headlineLeadTransition…Quote…Transition…
Quote…Clincher
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1. Remember the human (The Golden Rule).
2. Adhere to the same standards of behavior online that you follow in real life.
3. Know where you are in cyberspace (what’s acceptable in this space?).
4. Respect other people’s time and bandwidth.
5. Make yourself look good online.
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6. Share expert knowledge.7. Help keep flame wars (fights
between highly opinionated people) under control.
8. Respect other people’s privacy.9. Don’t abuse your power.10.Be forgiving of other people’s
mistakes.
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Ask a follow-up question. Make a connection to a personal
experience you’ve had. Cite a reference to an article or book
you’ve read or a movie/TV show you’ve seen that relates to this topic.
Include a link to another article about this topic.
Play devil’s advocate by proposing an opposing viewpoint for debate.
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paying sources for story ideas or info
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paying sources for story ideas or info = CHECKBOOK JOURNALISM
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finding a balance between voyeurism and necessary news
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finding a balance between voyeurism and necessary news = PRIVACY VS. RIGHT TO KNOW
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Not allowing personal opinions to influence writing
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Not allowing personal opinions to influence writing = AVOIDING CONFLICT OF INTEREST
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Not passing off falsehoods as truth
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Not passing off falsehoods as truth = ABSENCE OF FAKERY
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Using information for shock value
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Using information for shock value = SENSATIONALISM
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Truthful reporting
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Truthful reporting = ACCURACY
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Providing equal coverage of various viewpoints
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Providing equal coverage of various viewpoints = FAIRNESS AND BALANCE
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Company guidelines established for journalists
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Company guidelines established for journalists = CODES OF ETHICS
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accepting “perks” for presenting stories in a certain way
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accepting “perks” for presenting stories in a certain way = FREEBIES
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Reporting facts without bias or prejudice and refraining from purposefully withholding information
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Reporting facts without bias or prejudice and refraining from purposefully withholding information = OBJECTIVITY
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Works for company but represents readers (a mediator)
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Works for company but represents readers (a mediator) = OMBUDSMEN
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Step-by-step ethics checks How does this feel to your conscience? How would I feel if this story was about
me? How will my actions affect others?
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Step-by-step ethics checks How does this feel to your conscience? How would I feel if this story was about
me? How will my actions affect others?
= MORAL REASONING PROCESS
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Hear, investigate, and judge complaints against news media
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Hear, investigate, and judge complaints against news media = NEWS COUNCIL
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report and analyze examples of ethical and unethical journalism
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report and analyze examples of ethical and unethical journalism = JOURNALISM REVIEWS
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Admitting to mistakes
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Admitting to mistakes = CORRECTION OF ERRORS
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Not naming sources – credibility issue
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Not naming sources – credibility issue = ANONYMOUS ATTRIBUTION
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Using credible informants
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Using credible informants = INTEGRITY OF SOURCES