Return Home Rise of Communism Workers Respond Winnipeg General Strike
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Transcript of Return Home Rise of Communism Workers Respond Winnipeg General Strike
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Post War CanadaReturn HomeRise of CommunismWorkers RespondWinnipeg General Strike
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Soldiers Return Home•An Uneasy
Adjustment- Few support
services(physically and
mentally wounded)- Few jobs
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Dissatisfied Workers• Many Canadians agreed to
low wages as part of their patriot duty for the war effort
•After the war- Inflation caused major
problems as wages no longer covered the cost of rent and food
Workers demanded more Money!
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Rise of Communism• After WWI people around
the world dissatisfied about rich and poor divide
• 1917 Bolshevik Revolution in Russia
• Under Communism:- All means of production
and distribution are publically owned
- No private ownership of business or land
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Communism in Canada• Never gained widespread
support
•BUT...
• The ideas of these revolutionaries inspired Canadian workers to try to improve working conditions
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Worker’s Demands•3 main demands of workers- Higher wages- Better working conditions- The right to join unions
•These demands resulted in numerous strikes across Canada
- 4 years of labour wars in Eastern Canada
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One Big Union•Labour Union founded at the Western
Labour Conference March 1919- To represent all Canadian workers•Goal - To help workers gain more control of industry
and the government through peaceful means•Main Weapon- The general strike, a walk out by all employed
workers
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Winnipeg General Strike 1919•Post war labour disputes peaked in
Winnipeg- The financial center and largest city in Western
Canada
•Metal and Building trade workers demanded
- Higher wages- Shorter work week- Right to collective bargaining
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May 1919 Negotiations Broke Down
•Winnipeg Trades and Labour Council voted for a General Strike
- 30 000 people- Crippled the city
•Sympathizers joined the strike- Firefighters, post Office, transport,
communication
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Opponents of the Strike• Opposed bargaining
with strike leaders
• Feared trade unions would lead to a communist uprising like in Russia
- Red Scare!!
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Citizen’s Committee of 1000• Anti Strike
Organization• Saw the union leaders
as part of a communist conspiracy to overthrow the government
• Convinced City leaders to fire the police and replaced them with special task force
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Federal Intervention• Federal Government
feared protest could spread
• Changed the Criminal Code of Canada
- Foreign born strike leaders could be arrested and deported without trial
(anyone who was believed to be starting a revolution)
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Bloody Saturday June 21 1919• Strikers parade to
protest firing of police and special task force creation
• Royal NWMP and task force charged the crowd resulting in a clash
• 1 striker died, 30 wounded, and many arrested
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Defeated Strikers•Returned to work after 43 day strike
•7 arrested leaders served 2 months to 2 years in prison
•Many not rehired or had to sign contract promising to never join a union
•Royal Commission investigation found that strikers complaints valid
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J.S, Woodsworth
• Social reformer arrested during the strike
• Formed the Co-Operative Commonwealth Federation
• Became the New Democratic Party