Retirement Transitions in Japanby Clark, Matsukura and Ogawa

Discussant Comments

Joseph F. QuinnBoston College

Department of Economics

October 10, 2014

Population projections for U.S.

Population projections for Japan

Labor Force Status by Year, 1992 to 2012, MenHRS Core Men with a Full-Time Career Job since Age 50

Source: Author’s calculations based on the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). A full-time career job is defined as one that consists of at least 10 years of tenure and 1,600 or more hours per year.

Labor Force Status by Year, 1992 to 2012, Women

HRS Core Women with a Full-Time Career Job since Age 50

Source: Author’s calculations based on the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). A full-time career job is defined as one that consists of at least 10 years of tenure and 1,600 or more hours per year.

Current Employment Status in 2012, by Gender

HRS Core Respondents with a Full-Time Career Job since Age 50

Source: Author’s calculations based on the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). A full-time career job is defined as one that consists of at least 10 years of tenure and 1,600 or more hours per year.

Bridge Job Prevalence by Age GroupHRS Core Respondents On a Full-Time Career Job in 1992

Source: Author’s calculations based on the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). A full-time career job is defined as one that consists of at least 10 years of tenure and 1,600 or more hours per year.

Men Women

Bridge Job Prevalence by Health StatusHRS Core Respondents On a Full-Time Career Job in 1992

Source: Author’s calculations based on the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). A full-time career job is defined as one that consists of at least 10 years of tenure and 1,600 or more hours per year.

Men Women

Bridge Job Prevalence by Wage GroupHRS Core Respondents On a Full-Time Career Job in 1992

Source: Author’s calculations based on the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). A full-time career job is defined as one that consists of at least 10 years of tenure and 1,600 or more hours per year.

Men Women

Transitions Into and From Self Employment as of 2012

HRS Core Respondents on a Full-Time Career Job in 1992(horizontal percentages and ratios)

Source: Author’s calculations based on the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). A full-time career job is defined as one that consists of at least 10 years of tenure and 1,600 or more hours per year.

Percent Self-Employed among those Working, by Gender, 1992 to 2012

HRS Core Respondents On a Full-Time Career Job in 1992

Source: Author’s calculations based on the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). A full-time career job is defined as one that consists of at least 10 years of tenure and 1,600 or more hours per year.

First Transitions from Career Jobs and Hours Reductions as of 2012

HRS Core Respondents On a Full-Time Career Job in 1992, by Gender and Employment Status (horizontal percentages and ratios)

Source: Author’s calculations based on the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). A full-time career job is defined as one that consists of at least 10 years of tenure and 1,600 or more hours per year.

First Transitions from Career Jobs by 2012HRS Core Respondents On a Full-Time Career Job in 1992, by Gender and Age(horizontal percentages and ratios)

Source: Author’s calculations based on the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). A full-time career job is defined as one that consists of at least 10 years of tenure and 1,600 or more hours per year.

First Transitions from Career Jobs by 2012HRS Core Respondents On a Full-Time Career Job in 1992, by Gender and Health Status(horizontal percentages and ratios)

Source: Author’s calculations based on the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). A full-time career job is defined as one that consists of at least 10 years of tenure and 1,600 or more hours per year.

First Transitions from Career Jobs by 2012HRS Core Respondents with a Full-Time Career Job in 1992, by Gender and Wage Rate(horizontal percentages and ratios)

Source: Author’s calculations based on the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). A full-time career job is defined as one that consists of at least 10 years of tenure and 1,600 or more hours per year.

Percent Self-Employed among those Working in Nonagricultural Industries, 2002 to 2013

Source: BLS Employment and Earnings. Incorporated self-employed workers are classified as wage-and-salary workers.