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1. Define retailing.Retailing includes all the activities involved in selling goods or services directly to finalconsumers for personal, non-business use.

2.

Write the function of retailing?The major functions of retailers in the delivering value to the end consumers are as follows:a) Sortingb) Breaking Bulkc) Holding Stockd) Additional Servicese) Channel of Communicationf) Transport and Advertising Functions

3. State the nature of retailing.1) Direct Interaction with Customers. 2) Lower Average Amount of Sales Transaction. 3)Point-of-purchase Display and Promotions. 4) Larger Number of Retail Business Units.

4.

List the scope of retailing?

Retailing includes the activities in selling consumers goods to the ultimate consumer. It

focuses on ultimate, rather than industrial consumers. The scope of retailing includes thefollowing points.

a) Store Managementb) Supply Chain Managementc) Vendor Managementd) Inventory Managemente) Category Managementf)

Customer Relationship Management5.

What is demographic environment?

Retailers are keenly interested in the size and growth rate of population in different cities,

regions, and nations; age distribution and ethnic mix; educational levels; household patterns;and regional characteristics and movements. These are called the demographic envirnonment.

6.

Write the opportunities of retailing?

The major areas of opportunities are as follows:a) Retail Management Positionsb) Staff at all Levels of Retailc) Operationsd) Market Researche) Retail Design Consultantsf) Opportunities in Retailingg) Franchisingh) Retail Advertising Retailing Software andi) Consultancy Servicesj) Retailing Equipment Suppliersk) Retail Bankingl)

Buying and Merchandising7.

Mention the factors influencing the retailing environment/

The retail industry is also affected by the external environmental elements. Major external anduncontrollable factors that influence an organisations decision-making, and affect itsperformance and strategies include following forces. They are a)Socio-Economic Environment

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b)Technological Environment c)Demographic Environment d)Legal Environment e)PoliticalEnvironment f)Competitive Environment8.

State the importance of retailing in India economy.

The Indian retail industry is the largest among all the industries, accounting for over 10 per cent ofthe countrys GDP and around 8 per cent of the employment. 1) Providing Employment. 2)Providing Opportunities. 3) Infrastructure Development. 4)Transformation of the Retail Scenario inIndia

9.

Write about the retail trends in india?

a. New investments will happen in the backend enhanced focus on improving the supplychain; process of storing and displaying food will be in focus.b. Consumption will shift to lifestyle categories consumers shifting evaluation from MRP toEMI.c. Modern retail will benefit consumers and rural sector rural retailing formats will ensurequality goods, easy accessibility, and low rates: typical monthly shopping bill will reduce byatleast 10%.d. There will be creation of large retailer brands (private labels) own label branding trendon the rise, more in groceries, home care and clothing; provides profit margin advantage toretailers

10.

Mention any four challenges faced by retailing in INDIA?1. Multiple and Complex Taxation System 2. Threat of New Entrants 3. Threat of Substitutes4.Bargaining Power of Suppliers 5.Bargaining Power of Buyers 6.Intensity of Rivalry 7.Lack ofData Integrity 8.Inability in Selecting a Right Location9.Excessive Shrinkage 10.Poor Merchandise Mix

11.

Write about the recent FDI policy in Indian retailing sector?

1) FDI up to 100% for Cash and Carry wholesale trading and export trading allowed under theautomatic route.2) FDI up to 51 % with prior Government approval (i.e. FIPB) for retail trade of Single Brand

products, subject to Press Note 3 (2006 Series).3) FDI is not permitted in Multi Brand Retailing in India.

12.

Give the recent trend of FDI in single brand retail.In single-brand retail, FDI up to 100% is allowed as per the report of Indian Ministry dated 13 Jan2012, subject to Foreign Investment Promotion Board (FIPB) approval and subject to theconditions mentioned that1) Only single brand products would be sold (i.e., retail of goods of multi-brand even if producedby the same manufacturer would not be allowed),2) Products should be sold under the same brand internationally,3) Single-brand product retail would only cover products which are branded duringmanufacturing and4) Any addition to product categories to be sold under single-brand would require freshapproval from the government.

13.

Illustrate the size of retail in India.

The retail scenario in India is unique. Much of it is in the unorganised sector with over 12 millionretail outlets of various sizes and formats. Almost 96% of these retail outlets are less than 500sq.ft.in size, the per capita retail space in India being 2sq.ft. compared to the U.S. figure of 16sq.ft.Indias per capita retailing space is thus the lowest in the world. With more than a outlets per

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1,000 people, India has the largest number in the world. Most of them are independent andcontribute as much as 94% to total retail sales.

14.

Give the recent trend of FDI in multi brand retail.On 7 December 2012, the central government of India allowed 51% FDI in multi-brand retail inIndia. The government managed to get the approval of multi-brand retail in the parliamentdespite heavy uproar from the opposition. Some states will allow foreign supermarkets likeWalmart, Tesco and Carrefour to open while other states will not.15.Define global retailing.

Retail internationalisation is the process of a retailer transferring its retail operations, concept,management expertise, technology, and/or buying function across national borders.International retail may be defined as the operations, by a single firm, of shops, or other formsof retail distribution, in more than one country.

16.

Mention any four factors affect the global retailing?a. Transfer of Retail Concepts b. Employing Advance Technology c. Buying across National

Borders d. Internationalisation of Management Expertise17.

Write the reason for retail going global?A retailer may have various reasons for going global in the present of liberalised and globalise

economies.a. Saturation in the home market.b. Recession or an economic problem in the home countrya. A retailer could be forced to go international because of planning restrictions in the home

countryb. A retailer may go international in order to capture an attractive market prospect.

18.

What are the methods adopted by retailers to enter into a new market?

Retailers may enter new markets in a number of ways. Although various terms are used, thebasic choices are:1) Acquisition: Taking over a retail company already established in the market

2) Joint Venture: Establishing a company with a partner, most usually one who is indigenous tothe market or who has experience of operating there.3) Organic Growth: Opening new outlets using their existing brand/fascia or creating a new one4) Shareholding: Acquiring shares of a retailer already operating in the chosen market5) Franchise: Allowing entrepreneurs to open outlets under a single brand/fascia which areoperated under certain controlled conditions.

19. What are the Challenges Facing Global retailer?Technology-Enabled Efficiencies: Technology has enabled businesses and consumers to buildefficiencies on the basis of the ability to receive and transmit data, at a fast speed.Rise of the E-Age: The emergence of internet retailing or e-tailing as it is popularly known, hasbeen a key driver of change in retail.Legislation and Regulation: There are a lot of variations in the country regulations from onemarket to another market which can hamper the development of some forms of retailing.

20.

How the technology influence in Retailing industry?

Technological advancements that have led to more efficient retail transactions includecomputers, universal product coding (UPC), Optical scanning, electronic funds transfer (EFT),electronic data interchange (EDI), Space management, Security and Shrinkage Control, Internet,Multimedia.

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21.

Write the characteristics of retailing?Retailing differs from other type of business on the basis of the following characteristicfeatures;

a.

Sales to Final Consumers: Retailing involves selling of goods/services to the finalconsumers.

b.

Small Average Sales: The average amount of sales transaction for retailers is much lessthan for the manufacturers.

c.

Impulse Purchases: An impulse purchase is an unplanned or otherwise spontaneouspurchase.22.

What are the key issues facing the Indian retailers?

Indian retailers need to advantage of this growth and aiming to grow, diversify andintroduce new formats have to pay more attention to the brand building process.23.Discuss the Factors Responsible for Changing Structure of Indian Retailing?

a. Advanced Education for Retailers is Critical for Growthb. Changing Income Profilesc. Workplace Challenged. Diminishing Difference between Rural and Urban Indiae. Changes in Consumption Patterns

f. Improved Logistics and Better Infrastructure