June 15, 2011

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●Close connection between aging and collagen. 　

Various parts of your body contain collagen. From the age of 25, the amount of collagen begins to rapidly decrease, and has decreased by 30% by the age of 60. Rather than the number of collagen cells decreasing, this is a result of your metabolism gradually slowing down which continuously works to maintain the health of your body. We will be taking a look at the aging of skin, tendons, bones, cartilage arteries and other parts of the human body that contain a large amount of collagen in an easy to understand manner.

Collagen and Aging

Normal Ratio of Collagen

Deteriorates

Collagen deteriorate with age

Your Body Contains a Lot of CollagenYour Body Contains a Lot of Collagen(In 100g [Wet Weight])

Teeth Eyes

Throat/EsophagusLung

sHeart

Liver

Kidney

Intestines

Cartilage

Skin

BonesTendon

s

Role of Collagen Peptide* in Countering Negative Effects of AgingThe effects of aging differ from person to person, and are manifested in various parts of the body. These include the lower back, shoulders, skin and hair. When the processes that metabolize collagen in the respective parts of the body slow down, a variety of changes take place. Scientists think that the metabolism of body parts can be rejuvenated by giving the body collagen peptide. Reports have been submitted that state giving the hip and other lower back bones collagen is effective for people that have lower back pain, and that it has made the blood vessels stronger in people that have hardening of the arteries or other such ailments.

Arteries4%

Skin25%

Cartilage

16%

Bones23%

Tendons32%

Teeth18%

8

0

6

0

4

0

2

0

0 20 40 60 80

100%

The Makino Publishing Company “Health Research Team” has conducted surveys, and reported people find the product highly effective

In addition, various other research institutes around the world have published reports on the effectiveness of collagen.Specific examples are introduced on the following pages.

Joints Shoulders

Skin

Pain Reduced Stiffness Alleviated

Noticeable Improvement

For Skin Joints Hair Bones Nails

Collagen That You Eat Everyday!

74%* or more respondents said they noticed an improvement.

* Survey of 100 people on effectiveness of “Collagen ”Survey conducted in 2004 by Makino Publishing Company “Health Research Team” after taking product for 40 days.

Bones / Joints

● Increased Bone Density

Your bone density decreases when the amount of protein in your body drops to a certain level. Figure A shows the results of bone density measurements when one group of mice that had a low level of protein were given feed that contained only 6% or 10% milk casein (protein) for 10 weeks, and another group of mice were given feed that contained 6% milk casein and 4% collagen for 10 weeks. This shows that the bone density of mice with a low level of protein that are given feed containing collagen increases more than the other group.In addition, when collagen is taken in conjunction with oral hormone control drugs by patients with osteoporosis, it has been reported that bone degradation can be controlled.

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Survey by Makino Publishing Company “Health Research Team”

Figure A

Over 70% reported their joints moved better

When women after menopause were given 10g collagen and calcitonin twice a week, bone degradation was restrained.

Bone Density

(mg/cm2)

Increase in Bone Density by Ingesting Collagen

CollagenMilk

Middle of Femur

Data from Research Institute of Bio Matrix

JointsIngesting 10g of collagen per day relieved pain due to rheumatism or arthritis.

An increased level of collagen in the cartilage in your joints makes them move more smoothly

After 40 days

Pain relieved

76%

Collagen makes your bones stronger, helping to prevent osteoporosis or alleviate symptoms

Skin

● Skin Moisture Absorption Improved

Figure B shows the results of skin moisture absorption measurements made 1 month and 2 months after a group of 39 healthy women between the ages of 20 and 30 consumed a drink every day containing 10 grams of collagen peptide, and another group consumed a drink containing vitamin C (as a placebo). The group that took collagen had better moisture absorption than the placebo group in the first month, and the difference widened further in the second month.

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Over 70% of people realized their skin improvement !

Figure BSurvey by Makino Publishing Company “Health Research Team”

After 40 days

Noticeable improvement

76%

Taking Collagen Makes Your Skin StrongerCollagen has been mixed with animal feed in order to conduct research on subcutaneous tissue. This stimulated fibroblast cells in the skin dermal layer, and increased the number of collagen fibers while making them thicker. Since the entire skin structure becomes stronger when collagen fibers are strengthened, taking collagen is thought to be effective in preventing bedsores when the skin is damaged after being subjected to pressure for an extended period of time.

IncreaseIn

Moisture Absorption

(S)

Collagen not taken Collagen taken

1 Month 2 MonthsS: Microsiemens

Increase in Skin Moisture Absorption by Taking Collagen

Taking Collagen Makes Your Skin Stronger!

(Collagen Not Taken) (Collagen Taken)

Comparison of Collagen Fibers in Dermal Layer Joint research conducted by Rakuno Gakuen University and Research Institute of Bio Matrix Related Research Paper: From Matsuda et al., J Nutr Sci Vitamino 152:211-215 (2006)

Nails

Figure C shows the results when patients with brittle nails took 7 grams of collagen per day. It improved symptoms in 86% of patients, and 100% of patients who had repeatedly experienced brittle nails. Patients reported that their nails became brittle again when they stopped taking collagen.

Patients with brittle nails and other complaints were given 7 grams of collagen peptide per day. Their fingernails (toenails) became stronger after several months.

Nails that easily broken before became shiny, smooth and more attractive in appearance.

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Over 50% of patients said collagen improved their nails!

Figure C

Blood Vessels

Survey by Makino Publishing Company “Health Research Team”

After 40 days

Improved

No effectEffective

No.Of

Patients

51%

BrittleNails

(Repeated)

Brittle Nails

Nail Fungus Eczema

(AtopicDerma-

titis)

Psoriasis Nail Dystro-

phy

Contact Derma-

titis

Effectiveness of Collagen on Nails

Blood Vessels

Three hours after taking 7 grams of collagen, blood flow increased and fingers got warmer.

Collagen makes blood vessels stronger, increases blood flow and alleviates oversensitivity to cold

Neutral Fat

● Improved Neutral Fat ValueFigure D shows a comparison of neutral fat levels when rats were given eight different types of feed containing low or high levels of neutral fat and either low or high levels of milk casein (protein) or collagen for 120 days. This graph illustrates that the rats tended to have lower levels of cholesterol and neutral fat when they consumed collagen compared to milk casein. In particular, when the feed contained a high level of collagen, the level of neutral fat in the rats was maintained at a low level even when they consumed feed with a large amount of fat.

(Figure D)

[Collagen ] [Casein ] [Fat]

Low – High

Low – Low

High – High

High – Low

– Low High

– Low Low

– High High

– High Low

Neutral Fat

Effectiveness of Collagen and Milk Casein on Neutral Fat in Blood in Rats

#, *, $: Significant difference between differing codes (P < 0.05)

Tendons

Hair

When participants in a test took 14 grams of collagen per day for 62 days, it was found that their hair became thicker and stronger, and less prone to breakage. When they stopped taking collagen, the thickness of their hair returned to pre-test levels after six months.

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Survey by Makino Publishing Company “Health Research Team”

Over 50% of Participants Experienced a Noticeable Difference!

Hair thickness increased by approx. 10% and became stronger after taking 14g of collagen per day for 60 days.

Collagen Has a Large Impact on the Health of TendonsA large percentage of tendons, such as the Achilles tendon, are made up of collagen fibers. It has been proven that replenishing collagen increases the thickness of vital tendons that are often torn during intense exercise. When racehorses were given collagen for two months (approximately 10g per day) in order to treat and prevent tendinitis, it was found that the thickness of collagen fibers increased.

Taking Collagen Makes Achilles Tendon Stronger!Demonstration of Increase in Achilles Tendon Thickness

(Collagen Not Taken) (Collagen Taken)

Hair

Comparison of Collagen Fibers in Achilles Tendon Joint research conducted by Rakuno Gakuen University and Research Institute of Bio Matrix Related Research Paper: From Minaguchi et al., J Nutr Sci Vitamino 51:168-174 (2005)

Volume of hair increased, fewer split ends and less prone to breakage.

After 40 Days

52%

Feels Different

100 ％ Collagen PowderMatrix diagram of efficacy indicated by research data and product positioning. Age

Hair

Nails

Blood Vessels

Skin

Tendons

Bones/Joints

Men Women

Neutral Fat

30’s

40’s

50’s

60’s

70’s

Target Zone

Age