Respiratory System Review Slides

A Remarkable System!

Identify the Following Structures

Identify the Following Structures

Ultra-low magnification view of a coronal section through the larynx including from top to bottom, the epiglottis (E), false vocal folds (FVF), vocal folds (VF), thyroid cartilage (TC), cricoidcartilage (CC), lateral saccule (LS) and trachea (T).

Identify the Structures

Identify the Structures

Ultra-low magnification view of the epiglottis with its core of elastic cartilage (EC). The upper surface of this structure is covered with a layer of stratified squamous epithelium, while most of the under surface is typical respiratory (pseudostratified, columnar with cilia and goblet cells).

Identify the Following Structures

Identify the Following StructuresUltra-low magnification view of the human trachea. A large, horse-shoe shaped core of hyaline cartilage (HC) extends around the trachea, except for the posterior region.

Identify the Following Structures

Identify the Following Structures

High magnification view of tracheal respiratory epithelium. This is a pseudostratified, ciliated columnar epithelium with goblet cells (GC). The lamina propria is characterized by containing think bundles of elastin (EL).

Ultra-low magnification view of the human trachea. A large, horse-shoe shaped core of hyaline cartilage (HC) extends around the trachea, except for the posterior region.

Identify the following Structures

The bronchus. Here we see the typical epithelium lining the larger conducting portions of the

respiratory tract. The lumen of the bronchus where air would be flowing as we breathe.

A. The nuclei of the pseudostratified columnar epithelium lining the bronchus. This is actually a simple

type of epithelium since all of its cells sit on the basement membrane. However their nuclei as you can

see from the photomicrograph can be at different levels giving the impression that there are several layers

and that it is stratified. Similar epithelium is found in only a few places outside of the respiratory tract

(eg. in parts of the male reproductive tract such as the epididymus).

B. Goblet cells. Here we are pointing to the mucin in their cytoplasm. Mucus forms an essential part of

the ‘mucocilary escalator’ mechanism that helps to keep pathogens out of the airways.

C. Cilia. The pseudostratified columnar epithelium has motile (moving) projections that act to move

mucous with debris and pathogens out of the respiratory tract. The other major component of the

‘mucociliary escalator’!

Pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium with Goblet cells is typical ‘respiratory- type’ epithelium

of the upper airways.

D. Collagen. Note the pale pink staining.

E. A fibroblast. Once again we are pointing to the elongated nucleus as the scant cytoplasm merges with

the surrounding tissues.

F. Smooth muscle. Note the elongated nuclei and dark pink cytoplasm.

Identify the Following Structures

This is an enlargement of the mucosa

Identify the Following Structures

Identify the following Structures

Identify the following Structures

Identify the Following Structures

Identify the Following Structures

Identify the following Structures

Fill out the following Structures

Identify the Following Structures

Identify the Following Structures

Identify the Following Structures

Identify the Following Structures

Identify the normal and diseased lung.

What is the disorder of the diseased lung?

Identify the normal and diseased lung.

What is the disorder of the diseased lung?

Identify the following structures (tubes)

Ultra-low magnification view of an area of dog lung. Seen here are portions of the air conducting elements of the lower respiratory system, including a large bronchus (Bru) and smaller bronchiole (Bro) and terminal bronchiole (TB), the latter leading directly to a lung acinus.

Identify the following Structures

Identify the following Structures

Medium magnification view of an area of the wall of a large intrapulmonary bronchus. Seen here are the pseudostratifiedrespiratory epithelium (RE), underlying lamina propria (LP), smooth muscle (SM) and hyaline cartilage plaques (HC). Large numbers of alveolae (Alv) are seen at the lower left.

Identify the Structures

Identify the Structures

Medium magnification view of a terminal bronchiole (TB) with a profile of respiratory bronchiole (RB) emerging. The TB is characterized by its simple cuboidalepithelium with no goblet cells, and smooth muscle (SM) in the wall.

Identify the Structures

Identify the Structures

Low magnification view of the proximal end of a lung acinus. Shown here is the terminal bronchiole (TB) with some smooth muscle in the wall. The TB gives rise to a respiratory bronchiole (RB) with vestigial alveolae coming off along its length.

Identify the Structures

Identify the Structures

Low magnification view of a portion of a lung acinus extending from the respiratory bronchiole (RB) through alveolar duct (AD) to alveolar sac (AS).

Identify the Structures

Identify the Structures

High magnification view of alveolae that form the wall of the alveolar duct and alveolar sac. The alveolus is lined by squamous epithelium (SqEp) or type I pneumocytes, as well as cuboidal, type II pneumocytes that secrete surfactant. Capillaries (Cap) are found in close proximity to the alveolar lining.

Low magnification view of a portion of a lung acinus extending from the respiratory bronchiole (RB) through alveolar duct (AD) to alveolar sac (AS).