Respiratory System

Emphysema

Respiratory SystemFunctions

(Jobs)

• Get oxygen from environment

• Remove waste (carbon dioxide, water)

• Produce sound

Respiratory System• A person at rest takes an average of 12-

15 breaths per minute

• Your right lung is slightly larger than your left lung

• The surface area of your lungs is about the size of a tennis court

• A sneeze travels faster than a cough (100 mph vs. 60 mph)

Facts

Respiratory System• Oxygen (O2) is needed by the cells

in the body to stay alive and perform their specific jobs

• Glucose (sugar) is also used to release energy

• Carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) are created during this process and are waste products that must be removed

Cellular Respiration

Check Yourself• In two sentences, summarize

cellular respiration.

• Try to write a formula for cellular respiration.

Cellular Respiration

Respiratory System• Oxygen breathed into lungs (inhaled)

• Alveoli (air sacs) allow oxygen to move into blood stream

• Red blood cells carry oxygen to cells of body

• Oxygen moves into cells

Gas Exchange

(Inhale)

Respiratory System• Carbon dioxide is removed from cells

• Red blood cells carry CO2 to lungs

• Alveoli allow carbon dioxide to leave blood stream

• Carbon dioxide is breathed out of lungs (exhaled)

Gas Exchange

(Exhale)

Respiratory System• The diaphragm is muscle that

controls the movement of air in and out of lungs

• When diaphragm contracts, lungs expand and take in air

• When diaphragm relaxes, lungs contract and push out air

Breathing

BreathingSimulation

Respiratory System• The nose warms air filters out

particles and adds moisture

• The epiglottis blocks out food and liquids when you swallow

• The trachea directs air down to the lungs

Otherstructures

Check Yourself• In a few sentences, summarize the

path that air takes and what happens to it on the way to the lungs.

• What do you think would happen if your epiglottis didn’t close the stomach off all the way when you breathed in?

Respiratory System– Bronchitis

• Bronchial passages within the lungs narrow & then become clogged with mucus.

– Emphysema• Alveoli within the lungs become damaged or

destroyed preventing the effective exchange of oxygen & carbon dioxide.

– Lung cancer• Uncontrolled growth of lung cells that

produce tumors that prevent the lung from operating effectively.

– Asthma• Disorder where the passageways in the lungs

swell and become narrow making it difficult for the lungs to take in air

Diseases

Respiratory System• Speaking/singing/whispering – air

moves over vibrating vocal cords• Exhale – removes extra moisture• Coughing/sneezing – remove items

from windpipe or lungs• Sighing• Yawning• Hiccupping• Laughing• Crying

Other Jobs