Respiratory Protection – Half and Full Face Cartridge Respirators

Training on the use of respirators in the workplace – module 2

Developed by the Division of Occupational Safety & Health (DOSH) p y p y ( )for employee trainingJune, 2009

Respirator Training – Module 2

Half-face & Full-face Cartridge Respirators

Half-face respiratorFull-face respirator

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Powered Air Purifying Respirators (PAPR) Powered Air-Purifying Respirators (PAPR)

A PAPR is an air-purifying respirator with a battery p ypowered fan that sucks air through cartridges and blows it into the facepieceinto the facepiece.

PAPRs are not positive pressure PAPRs are not positive pressure respirators, but they can provide better protection than other cartridge respiratorsother cartridge respirators.

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Respirator Training

Why is This Training Required?

Training is required by WISHA for anyone who ywears a respirator.

We also are providing this training so you will know how to protect your health.ea t

If you don’t know how to use a respirator properly, you can get a false sense of protection.

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Respirator Trainingp gRespirator Program Administrator

Our respirator administrator is [name]

This person is responsible for overseeing our respirator s pe so s espo s b e o o e see g ou esp atoprogram.

This person has training on respirators.

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Where We Require Cartridge Respiratorsq g p

Respirators are required in the following locations or for the following job tasks:for the following job tasks:

[List here]

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Respirator UseThe dust, chemicals or products we provide respirators for are the following:

[List your chemicals or products used here.]

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How Do Cartridge Respirators Work?g p

When used properly, respirators prevent the inhalation of chemicals and dust in the air and protect the lungs.

When you inhale, air is pulled through the cartridge where air through the cartridge, where air contaminants are trapped.

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H C t id R i t W kHow Cartridge Respirators Work

Air inhaled in Air inhaled in

Air exhaled out9

How Cartridge Respirators Workg p

Air movement is controlled by rubber inhalation and exhalation valves.

straps

The adjustable straps are d t k th i t

inhalation valves

Facepiece

used to keep the respirator snug on the face.

exhalation l l

cartridgevalve valve cover

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Types of Cartridges

Particulate cartridges filter out dusts, mists and fumes onlyfumes only.

Chemical cartridges trap different types of chemicals, but not dust, mists or fumes.chemicals, but not dust, mists or fumes.

Cartridges are color-coded for the type of chemical or dust.

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Types of Particulate Cartridges

N95/R95/P95 id fil 95% f d

Some particulate cartridges are more protective than others

N95/R95/P95 cartridges filter out 95% of dust particles

N99/R95/P99 cartridges filter out 99% of dust particles

N100/R100/P100 cartridges filter out 99.7% of dust particlesparticles

N99 or N100 masks are recommended for very fine dust or dangerous dusts such as asbestos or silica.

We use [list type] cartridges

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Respirator Cartridge Color Codingp g g

Dust/fumes/mists - teal

Ammonia green

Dust/fumes - pink (HEPA filter)

Ammonia- green

Organic vapor (solvents) - black

Acid gas (sulfuric acid, for example) - white

A id d i llAcid gas and organic vapor - yellow

Chlorine – white & yellow

These are some commonly used cartridges13

Limits of Chemical CartridgesLimits of Chemical Cartridges

Chemical cartridges can absorb Chemical cartridges can absorb only so much chemical.

Wh th i it i h d When their capacity is reached, breakthrough will occur.

You can’t always tell if a respirator leaks by a chemical odorodor.

Some chemicals have no odor, l b ll d hi h or can only be smelled at high

levels.14

Changing Cartridgesg g g

Cartridges must be changed regularly.

Particulate cartridges are changed when they become difficult to breathe through or are damaged.

Chemical cartridges are changed on a pre-determined schedule.

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Half-face Respirator Protection Factorp

Half-face cartridge respirators only provide protection to levels 10 times above the chemical times above the chemical or dust permissible limit.

Example

Ammonia Permissible Limit – 25 ppm

Respirator Protection Factor for ammonia –250 ppm250 ppm

ppm = parts per million16

Full-face Respirator Protection FactorFull face Respirator Protection Factor

Full-face respirators can provide protection to l l 50 ti b th levels 50 times above the permissible limit.

Full-face respirators also provide eye protection for provide eye protection for irritating chemicals.

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PAPR Protection Factor

A powered air purifying i t id respirator can provide

protection from 25 to 1000times above the permissible plimit.

The protection factor is The protection factor is unique to the manufacturer of the PAPR and how it is d i d designed.

The protection factor of our PAPRs is [specify]

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What is a Chemical “IDLH” Level?

“IDLH” means “immediately IDLH means immediately dangerous to life or health”.

Most chemicals have an IDLH Most chemicals have an IDLH level in the air where cartridge respirators can’t be worn.

A cartridge respirator is too prone to leaking to use at levels above IDLH levels above IDLH.

The only alternative is a respirator that supplies clean p ppbreathing air.

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Where Cartridge Respirators Don’t WorkWhere Cartridge Respirators Don t Work

Cartridge respirators are not good for large chemical not good for large chemical spills or leaks, or thick dust clouds.

Don’t use them in emergency situations including fires – they situations including fires – they won’t provide enough protection.

In the event of a major leak or In the event of a major leak or spill, leave the area.

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Where Cartridge Respirators Don’t Work Where Cartridge Respirators Don t Work

Cartridge respirators don’t work g pwhere there is a lack of oxygen.

Cartridge respirators cannot Cartridge respirators cannot protect against high levels of toxic chemicals.

Confined spaces like tanks or manholes can have an

d fi i hi hoxygen deficiency or high levels of toxic chemicals.

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When it Smells Bad or You Feel SickWhen it Smells Bad or You Feel Sick

Sometimes respirators don’t work even when levels of airborne chemicals are lowchemicals are low.

If you notice an odor or feel ill, or thi k i t l k you think your respirator leaks,

notify your supervisor.

Leave the area when necessary.

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Respirators and Physical Fitness

Medical Evaluations

Medical evaluations are required for anyone wearing respirators.

Breathing through a i t i k f th respirator is work for the

body.

Respirators can be Respirators can be hazardous to people with heart or lung problems.

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Medical QuestionnaireMedical Questionnaire

The first step is a confidential medical questionnaire.

A healthcare provider decides if you need a medical exam.

Results are only used to determine if you are fit to wear a respiratorwear a respirator.

We do not see the details or results of the medical examresults of the medical exam

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Respirators Must Fit Properlyp p y

Respirators must fit properly to prevent leaks p p y paround the edges.

Fit testing must be done Fit-testing must be done before first wearing a respirator.

Beards are not allowed when wearing a respiratorwhen wearing a respirator.

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Respirator Fit-testingRespirator Fit testing

In fit-testing, you first try on several types and sizes of respirators.

After a comfortable i t i l t d respirator is selected, we

conduct the actual fit-test.

The method we use for fitThe method we use for fit-testing is as follows: [describe]

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Respirator Seal CheckRespirator Seal Check

Whenever you first put on a respirator, you must do a seal check as illustrated.

Inhalation check Exhalation checkInhalation check Exhalation check

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How to Clean and Maintain RespiratorsHow to Clean and Maintain Respirators

Respirators must be cleaned, inspected and maintained regularlymaintained regularly.

Cleaning is especially important in dusty areasimportant in dusty areas.

Clean in warm soapy water.

Allow to dry thoroughly before storing or using.

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How Should Respirators be Stored?

Respirators must be stored in a clean dry placeplace.

Don’t store them unprotected in your work area.

D ’t t th lik thi !The storage location for your respirators is:[state

Don’t store them like this!

location here]

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DOSH Regulations

L & I – DOSH has regulations on regulations on respirator use.

Everything covered in this t aining is eq i ed this training is required in these regulations.

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Optional Quiz

Th f ll i i i l Th b The following questions are optional. They can be used to check employees’ understanding of this training and promote discussion. You can add more g pquestions for a short written or verbal quiz.

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Question 1Question 1

Wh ki d f id i d d f i ?What kind of cartridge is needed for ammonia?

a) A large one) g

b) A chemical cartridge

c) A black one

d) A ki d ill kd) Any kind will work

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Question 2

When should a chemical cartridge be changed?

a) Every day

b) When it is hard to breathe through

c) When you feel like it) y

d) On a regular basis depending on the chemical

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Question 3

Wh ’ i b d?Why can’t you wear a respirator over a beard?

a) The beard will interfere with your a) The beard will interfere with your breathing

b) It will cause the respirator to leak

c) It will cause skin irritationc) It will cause skin irritation

d) It will look stupid

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Question 4Question 4

When is a half-face or full-face respirator not protective enough?

a) In the case of a large chemical spill

b) When you have to talk to other employees

c) When you have to enter a tank

d) When your eyes burn

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Question 5Question 5

What does it mean if you smell a chemical while What does it mean if you smell a chemical while wearing your respirator?

a) The cartridge is used upa) The cartridge is used up

b) The respirator doesn’t fit properly

c) The exhalation valve is missingc) The exhalation valve is missing

d) You have a very sensitive nose

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