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7/28/2019 Resonant Converter Dc-Dc Buck Technique for Battery Charger to Yield Efficient Performance in Charging Shaping
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Electrical and Electronics Engineering: An International Journal (ELELIJ) Vol 2, No 2, May 2013
15
ABATTERYCHARGING SYSTEM &APPENDED ZCS
(PWM)RESONANT CONVERTERDC-DC BUCK:
TECHNIQUE FORBATTERYCHARGER TOYIELDEFFICIENT PERFORMANCE IN CHARGING SHAPING
IrfanJamil*1, Zhao Jinquan
2, Rehan Jamil
3, Rizwan Jamil
4and Abdus Samee
5
1,2Department of Energy & Electrical Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
3School of Physics & Electronic Information, Yunnan Normal University, China
4Heavy Mechanical Complex (HMC-3) Taxila, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
5Chashma Centre of Nuclear Training, PAEC, [email protected]
ABSTRACT
This paper presents technique for battery charger to achieve efficient performance in charging shaping,
minimum low switching losses and reduction in circuit volume .The operation of circuit charger is switched
with the technique of zero-current-switching, resonant components and append the topology of dc-dc buck.
The proposed novel dc-dc battery charger has advantages with the simplicity, low cost, high efficiency and
with the behaviour of easy control under the ZCS condition accordingly reducing the switching losses. The
detailed study of operating principle and design consideration is performed. A short survey of battery
charging system, capacity demand & its topologies is also presented. In order to compute LC resonant pair
values in conventional converter, the method of characteristic curve is used and electric function equations
are derived from the prototype configuration. The efficient performance of charging shaping is confirmedthrough the practical examines and verification of the results is revealed by the MATLAB simulation. The
efficiency is ensured about 89% which is substantially considered being satisfactory performance as
achieved in this paper.
KEYWORDS
ZCS, PWM Resonant Converter, dc-dc Buck, Battery Charger
1. INTRODUCTIONIn recent years, with the enhancement of power electronics technology and control strategies in
power electronics devices coupled with the increasing demand of high efficiency in batterycharger system has invoked enormous attention from the research scholars around the world.
Battery charger system technology is currently being incorporated in urban industrial areas tomaintain with these demands lot of work is on towards. Therefore, many battery chargers with
different ratings and functionalities are being developed for high output efficiency since few
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Electrical and Electronics Engineering: An International Journal (ELELIJ) Vol 2, No 2, May 2013
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years. The battery charger usually works to globalize the energy saving and to serve in fast
transportation systems. The use of battery charger brings convince life solution during the
traveling from urban to rural areas. Many techniques were fetched out by the scientists since
battery charger device was developed for renewable energy generation, electronic communication
power supplies, electric vehicles, UPS or an uninterruptible power supplies, PV systems andportable electronics products. Many charging methods have been developed to improve thebattery charger efficiency in the last few decades. In order to achieving high efficiency in battery
charger, append the traditional battery charger with the technique of ZCS ( Zero-Current-
Switching) resonant buck topology which delivered the efficient performance in charging
shaping[11-12-13-14].
This work looks at the issues which associates ZCS PWM (Zero-Current-Switching Pulse width
Modulation) converter, buck topology with the battery charger. This paper develops a novel high-
efficiency battery charger with ZCS PWM buck topology which has simple circuit structure, low
switching losses, easy control and high charging efficiencies [1-3]. Zero Current Switching
resonant buck converter is analyzed and mode of operation is also studied. Various waveforms &
charging curve period were noted down during the piratical examine using MATLAB software.The curve of charging efficiency during the charging period shows 89% charging output
efficiency of novel proposed prototype.
Fig.1 Block Diagram for the Proposed Novel Battery Charger
2. BATTERY CHARGERING SYSTEM & CAPACITY DEMANDTodays most modern electrical appliances receive their power directly right away the utility grid.Many devices are being developed everyday which requires electrical power from the batteries in
order to achieve large mobility and greater convenience.
The battery charger system utilizes the battery by working to recharge the battery when its energy
has been drained. The uses rechargeable batteries include everything from low-power cell phones
to high-power industrial fork lifts, and other construction equipment. Many of these products are
used everyday around-the-clock commonly in offices, schools, and universities, urban and
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Electrical and Electronics Engineering: An International Journal (ELELIJ) Vol 2, No 2, May 2013
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civilian areas [8-9]. In fig. 2 shows that the Battery Capacities of Various Battery-Powered
Devices which are used in different rate of watt per hours level in cell phones, laptops, power
tools, forklifts and golf crafts etc.[10].
Fig.2 Battery Capacities of Various Battery-Powered Devices
A battery charger system is a system which uses energy drawn from the grid, stores it in an
electric battery, and releases it to power device. While engineers are used modern techniques to
usually design the battery charger systems, which maximize the energy efficiency of their devices
to make certain long functioning & operation time between charging; however they often neglecthow much energy is used in the conversion process of ac electrical power into dc electrical power
stored in the battery from the utility grid.
Apparently, energy savings can be possible if the conversion losses are reduced which associated
with the charging batteries in battery-powered products & output voltage can be controlled via
switching frequency. We can achieve these savings using different techniques includingbattery charger topology that is readily available today and is being employed in existing
products. The same technique and topology is discussed in this paper which increases the
efficient performance in charging shaping of novel battery charger.
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Electrical and Electronics Engineering: An International Journal (ELELIJ) Vol 2, No 2, May 2013
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Fig.3Structure of a multi- piece battery charger system. The efficiency calculation is made over a
24 hour charge and maintenance period and a 0.2C discharge for the battery. (Prepared for
California Energy Commission Contract by EPRI Solution Ltd.,) [10].
3. METHODS OF BATTERY CHARGING SYSTEM & ITSTOPOLOGIES
Methods of efficiency improvements in battery charger systems in use today have substantially
lower possibilities due to a lack of cognitive skills in the charger and battery which commonly
consume more electricity than the product they power. The energy savings are achieved in
millions of battery charger systems that are presently in operation worldwide by reducing
inefficiencies in charger and battery. Battery charger systems work in three modes of operation.
In charge mode of operation, the battery is accumulating the charge while the maintenance mode
of operation occurs when battery is fully charged and charger is only started to supply energy to
undermine the natural discharge. No-battery mode of operation shows that the battery has beenphysically disconnected from the charger [8-9].
Fig.4SwitchModeBatteryChargerPowerVisibility
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Electrical and Electronics Engineering: An International Journal (ELELIJ) Vol 2, No 2, May 2013
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There are lots of methods which are recognized to achieve the higher efficiency in battery charger
systems, including:
Higher voltage systems
Switch mode power supplies
Synchronous rectification
Improved semiconductor switches
Lithium-ion batteries
Charge and discharge at lower current rate
Off-grid charger when no battery is present.
Topologies NormalEfficiency
Range(%)
Estimated
Improved
Efficiency
Range (%)
Switch Mode 40%- 60% 50%- 70%
SCR 30%- 55% 45%- 60%
Ferro resonant 25%-50% 45%-55%
Linear 2%- 30% 20%- 40%
TABLE: 1 Efficiency improvements in charger topologies
Table.1 show that the efficiencies of normal and improved range are measured less than 15%,
comparable systems with overall efficiencies of 65% or greater are technically feasible in charger
topologies for battery charger system. The linear and switch mode chargers are analogous to
linear and switch mode power supplies with the exception that the charger topologies also
incorporate charge control circuitry on their outputs. Most multi- or single-piece chargers are
either linear or switch mode chargers. These two categories are found commonly in consumer
applications, particularly in the residential public sector. Ferro-resonant and SCR(siliconcontrolled rectifier) battery chargers form a large percentage of the chargers utilized in developedindustrial applications [10]. This paper provides basic idea about the method of use of switch
mode power supplies such as dc-dc converters are considered as they can achieve higher
efficiency in battery charger scheme.
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Electrical and Electronics Engi
4. CIRCUIT ANAL
CHARGER
The circuit analysis describesconverter and the circuit is
Modulationconverter dc-dc buc
said circuit are analyzed. As wvoltage gain are also obtained.
4.1. ZCS Resonant Buck C
Buck ZCSresonant converters
reducing the circuit volume and
output voltage via switching
converters turn ON &OFF at zer
resonant capacitor Cthat the rswitch S, resonant components i
The resonant converters are usu
and capacitors to enable the sw
Voltage Switching)went under
effective switching losses, switc
6-7-8]. The advantages of ZCS
the EMI (Electromagnetic Inter
over the switching elements MO
Fig.5
This paper develops a novel bat
novel circuit contains auxiliarycapacitor rC and forward diode Ds
[1-3-5]. In general way, battery
available. Without energy sourc
neering: An International Journal (ELELIJ) Vol 2, No 2,
SIS DESCRIPTION FOR NOVEL B
the study of ZCS (Zero Current Switching) Rproposed as Novel Zero Current Switching
for battery charger [5]. The various Modes of ope
ll as output voltage of the battery charger and th
nverter
are used for resolving the high-switching freq
controlling the switches with ease. Therefore, th
frequency. The switches of Zero-Current Switc
o current due to the current produced by resonant i
sonance flows across the switch. The resonant ciductor L and capacitorC.
lly which contains the serial or parallel connection
itch to achieve the ZCS (Zero Current Switching)
resonance conditions. The produces the occurr
hing stress and EMI (Electromagnetic Interference
onverters are that they have low switching losses,
ference) problems, easy control of the switches a
SFETs.
raditional ZCS Resonant Buck Converter
tery charger append with ZCS PWM converter dc-
switch 1S
which is connected in the serious withis placed as parallel to the auxiliary switch 1S as sh
is disabled to work for recharging if the energy
e battery cant recharge and charging method is re
May 2013
20
TTERY
sonant buckPulse width
rations of the
e normalized
ency losses,
y control the
ing resonant
ductorL and
rcuit holds a
s of inductors
ZVS (Zero
ing result of
problems[4-
can eliminate
d low stress
dc buck. The
the resonantown in fig. 6
source is not
plenished the
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Electrical and Electronics Engi
energy, to ensure that battery o
to load. This study keeps the id
Fig.6 Proposed a No
4.2. Mode of Operation
The operation of novel battery
equivalent circuit of novel charg
respectively as shown in fig. 8 [
Fig.7 Equiv
Mode
neering: An International Journal (ELELIJ) Vol 2, No 2,
erates continuously; enabling it provides a normal
a to develop a ZCS PWM battery charger [15-16].
vel ZCS PWM Converter dc-dc Buck for Battery Charge
harger circuit is divided into various modes of o
er is shown in fig. 7 and modes are fatherly divided
].
alent Circuit of ZCS PWM Converter dc-dc Buck
1 Mode 2
May 2013
21
power supply
erations. The
into 5 modes
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Electrical and Electronics Engi
Mode 4
Fig.8 Modes
Mode 1:
0
1 1
r
tdc
L I
t E = =
Mode 2: 2 2 1 1( ) tt t t = =
Mode3:3 3 2
0
1( ) sit t t
= =
Mode4: ( ) {4 4 30
1r rC V
t t tI
= =
Mode5: 5 1 2St T t t =
The output Voltage gain of
throughout the freewheeling di
( ) (0 1 2 1 31
2dc s
E tt t t t
E T
= + +
neering: An International Journal (ELELIJ) Vol 2, No 2,
Mode 3
Mode 5
of operation of ZCS PWM Converter dc-dc Buck
1 0 0
dc
I Z
E
+
D
( ) }3 2cos o t t
3 4t t
ovel charger can be determined from the volt
de as is given by
) ( )4 3t t
+
May 2013
22
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
ge Dmv
(6)
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Electrical and Electronics Engineering: An International Journal (ELELIJ) Vol 2, No 2, May 2013
23
4.3. Normalized Voltage Gain
The normalized voltage gain is derived by the substituting the operating modes of proposed
novel Zero Current Switching resonant buck converter battery charger into output voltage of
novel charger.
The normalized voltage equation is gained by substituting number the equations (1), (2), (3)
and (4) into (6)
1 10 0
0 0
3 1sin 1 cos sin
2 2
rrS
dc
E C RL M M Mf
E R f Q M Q
= + + + +
D DD
(7)
[ ]0
0 0
3 11 cos
2 2
rrS
C QZL MM f
QZ f M
= + +
D
(8)
[ ]32 1 cos2
nsM QM fQ M
= + +
D
(9)
The efficiency of novel battery charger is given by
( ) ( )0
0 0
1 .sT
s s r
t
E I
V T iL t dt
=
(10)
5. DESIGN CONSIDERATION
A lead-acid battery rated @ 12 V, 48 A h with an internal resistance of 0.1 ohm is used as a load
under investigates of practical examine. The battery first discharges to 13 V, and then charge to
16 V. The circuit charger components values are fixed as follows: input voltage 21VSV = , output
voltage 0 16VV = , output current 0 7AI = , switching frequency 84Sf kHz= , 0.7nsf = chosen
from the fig. 9 based on the normalized voltage gain 0 16 21 0.76dcM E E= = = . Normalized
load characteristic curve of novel ZCS resonant buck converter for battery charger is obtained by
using MATLAB. The values of 0f and rC can be calculated fatherly by determining the resonant
frequency 0f and obtaining for fixed switching frequency choosing the power quality factor Qfrom the fig.9 as well.
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Electrical and Electronics Engi
Fig.9 Normalized Load Ch
The output impedance can be calgiven as
00
0
16 / 7 2.285E
RI
= = =
The characteristic impedance is
0 2.285R = , 1Q =
0 0 2.285 1 2.285Z R Q= = =
The resonant frequency is calcul
and set is based on normalized v
0 /s nsf f f= 84 / 0.7 1kHz= =
(14)
The LC-resonant pair will be derdesign parameters.
The resonant inductor rL is give
0
0
r
ZL
=
neering: An International Journal (ELELIJ) Vol 2, No 2,
aracteristics curve (Versus M and fns) for novel battery c
culated from the output voltage 0E and the output c
omputed as given
ated from switching frequency and nsf chosen fro
ltage gain.
0kHz
ived for which fatherly computing the LC-filter pai
by
May 2013
24
harger
rrent 0I is
(11)
(12)
(13)
the Fig. 9
s of novel
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Electrical and Electronics Engineering: An International Journal (ELELIJ) Vol 2, No 2, May 2013
25
0
3
0
2.2853.00
2 *120*10r
ZL H
= = =
(15)
The resonant capacitance rC is given by
3
0 0
1 10.58
2.285*2 *120*10rC F
Z
= = =
(16)
LC- filter pairs of ZCS battery charger are set as follows
0 100 300rL L H= = (17)
0 100 58rC C F= = (18)
Table.2 presents the experimental circuit parameters& values for the developed novel high-
efficiency battery charger with a buck ZCS PWM converter. A deign circuit parameters are
considered & listed below in Table. 2 for practical examine [3].
Table.2 ZCS buck novel charger
The duty cycle is determined by using the parameters from above Table. 2
PARAMETER VALUES
Input Voltage dcE 21V
Output Charging Voltage 0E 16V
Resonant Inductor rL 3.0H
Resonant Capacitor rC 0.58F
Switching Frequency sf 84kHz
Resonant Frequency 0f 120kHz
Filter Inductor 0L 300 H
Filter Capacitor 0C 58 F
Output Charging Current 0I 7A
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Electrical and Electronics Engineering: An International Journal (ELELIJ) Vol 2, No 2, May 2013
26
1
6
01
2.285*10 *70.760
21
rt
dc
L It s
E
= = = =
(19)
2 10.760t t s = =
(20)
22 11.52
tt t s= + = (21)
1
3 3 2 3
1 7*2.285( ) sin 5.497
2 *120*10 21t
t t s
= = + =
DD
(22)
3 3 2 5.497 1.52 7.017tt t s s s = + = + = (Disruption time for switches S and S1) (23)
Total time period is computed as given
( )31 1 84*10 11.904s sT f s= = = (24)
Duty Cycle 5.497 11.904 0.461ON SD t f s s = = = (25)
The discharging time interval of capacitor is calculated as
( ) { }6
3 6
4 4 3
0.58*10 *211 cos 2 *120*10 *7.017*10 0.819
7t t t s
= = = D
(26)
44 30.819 7.017 7.84tt t s s s = + = + =
(27)
The design has reasonable range since 4 st T<
5.1. Practical Calculations of Novel Charger
As for the practical examine to calculate the ideal values of novel design, resonant inductor is
3.0uH and resonant capacitor 0.58uF were chosen.
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Electrical and Electronics Engi
Fig.10 Prac
The resonant frequency 0f is co
(( 60
0
1 3.0*10 *0.5
2 2f
= =D D
Output Impedance 0Z of actual
6
0 6
3.0*102.
0.58*10r
r
LZ
C
= = =
5.2. Duty Cycle of Novel C
01 1 1.01
r
dc
L It t s
E = = =
2 2 1 1( ) 1.01t t t t s = = =
2 2 1 2.02t t t s= + = (32)
( )3 3 2 31
2 *120*10t t t = =
D
3 3 2 5.315 2.02t t t s= + = +
Total time period of novel desig
neering: An International Journal (ELELIJ) Vol 2, No 2,
ical Circuit Prototype of Novel Battery Charger
puted as given by
) )68*10120.1kHz
=
ractical value is given by
274
arger
1 7*2.274sin 5.31521
s
+ =
D
7.335s s=
is
May 2013
27
(28)
(29)
(30)
(31)
(33)
(34)
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Electrical and Electronics Engineering: An International Journal (ELELIJ) Vol 2, No 2, May 2013
28
( )31 1 84*10 11.904S ST f s= = = (35)
The duty cycle D of switch S is determined as
3 7.335 0.61611.904
ON
S S
t t sD
T T s
= = = =
(36)
The duty cycle sD of switch S1 is calculated as
3 2 7.335 2.02 0.44611.904
s
S
t t s sD
T s
= = =
(37)
The discharging time of the capacitor is determined as
( ) { }6
3 6
4 4 3
0.58*10 *211 cos 2 *120*10 *5.315*10 1.65
7t t t s
= + = = D
(38)
4 4 3 2.87 7.335 10.205t t t s s s = + = + = (39)
After practical application, the design still can work within a reasonable range since
410.205 11.904
ss s t T < = <
6. SIMULATION & EXPERIMENT RESULTS
A prototype ZCS PWM converter dc-dc buck for battery charger is established [14]. Theexperiment results were confirmed through MATLAB software as simulation tool is used in this
paper. Fig. 11 shows that the waveforms of switch signalG
V & iLr
. The current iLr
is declined to
zero when the switch is cut off. As a consequence, the switch can be cut off and turned on
without retaining current meanwhile achieving zero current switching with low switching losses.
Fig. 12 shows that the trigger signal on the switchesS&S1,G
V denotes the trigger signal on switch
S whereas Gs1
V denotes the trigger signal on switch S1 as well. To increase the charging current,
trigger signal will be delayed by 0.088s.
In Fig.13 shows that the signal on the switch S1, Gs1V denotes the trigger signal on switch S1 and
resonant capacitor voltage VCron the switch S1. The resonant capacitor voltage VCrcan be chargedonce the switch is triggered. Fig. 14 shows that the waveforms ofi
Lr, V
Cr, i
Cr.The inductor current
iLr
is increased from 0A to 8A during 0-0.9995s, and maintained a constant value during
0.0995s-0.999 s. The resonance then began when the auxiliary switch is turned on after
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Electrical and Electronics Engi
0.999s. The current iLr
is decli
current-switching. Fig. 15 show
waveform ofidm went down fro
is being charged. The diode Dm
current remained at zero after 0.
currentidm goes from 0A to 7A
Voltage Curve during the Charg
showing that charging the batte
simulation results Charging Cur
maximum charging current appr
Fig.11 Waveforms ofG
V
Fig.13 Waveforms ofV
neering: An International Journal (ELELIJ) Vol 2, No 2,
ed to zero when the switch is cut off, thus it has a
s that the waveform of diode currentidm & diode vo
15A to zero during the 0-0.0995s when the indu
was cut off when iLr
=0
I due to the reverse bias vo
.0995s. The diode Dm was then turned on again,
ntil 0.0997s when VCr
is finished the discharging.
ing Period. The variation curve of terminal voltage
ry from 15V to 16.5V takes about 0.1 hour. Fig.
rent during the charging period of proposed novel
ximately 7.5A and mean about 7.6A is founded.
iLr
Fig.12 Waveforms of Trigger
GV &
1
GsV
1s
& CrV Fig.14 Waveform ofi
Lr,
May 2013
29
hieving zero-
ltageVdm
. The
tor current iLr
ltage, and the
and the diode
ig. 16 shows
of the battery
17 shows the
charger. The
ignal on
Cr and iCr
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Electrical and Electronics Engi
Fig.15 Waveforms of idm
&
Fig.17 C
Fig. 18shows the practical c
89.5%.Thechargingtimeintervalis3
neering: An International Journal (ELELIJ) Vol 2, No 2,
dm Fig.16 Voltage Curve during the C
arging Current during the charging period
arging efficiency variationcurve ofthenovelchargera
60minutesandthemeanefficiencyis calculatedabout89%.
May 2013
30
argingPeriod
pproximatelyis
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Electrical and Electronics Engi
Fig.15 C
7. CONCULSION
This paper addresses the tec
Modulation) resonant Convert
demonstrates the effectiveness
PWM converter for novel batt
volume, minimum switching lo
discussion is done in battery ch
of circuit descriptions, operating
summarized. The simulation res
period of proposed novel prototgives gratification fulfillment wi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The authors would like to ackn
& Electrical Engineering and Co
REFERENCES
[1] Y.C. Chuang, Y.-L. Ke,
pulse-width-modulated co[2] M.D Singh, K B Khanch
McGraw-Hill, 2008, pp.77
[3] Ying-Chun Chuang, Hig
Transactions on Industrial
neering: An International Journal (ELELIJ) Vol 2, No 2,
arging Efficiency during the charging period
nique of ZCS PWM (Zero Current Switching
er dc-dc buck append with battery charger
of developed methodology. The research method
ry charger relates the idea to gain high efficienc
ses and satisfactory performance in charging shapi
rger system and on useable functional methods. T
modes, output voltage gain and normalized voltag
ults are cited for its 89% efficiency that occurs du
pe. The practical examine is accord high repetitiouth the theoretical predictions in this paper.
wledge financial support of this project from Coll
llege of International Education, Hohai University,
High Efficiency battery charger with a buck zero-cu
verterIET Power Electron., 2008, Vol. 1, No.4, pp. 43andani, Electrical & Electronics Engineering series, 2
5-778.
h-Efficiency ZCS Buck Converter for Rechargeable B
Electronics, Vol. 57, NO. 7, July 2010.
May 2013
31
.
Pulse width
ircuit which
logy of ZCS
, low circuit
ng. The brief
e short study
e gain is also
ring charging
s work which
ge of Energy
hina.
rent-switching
-444.rd ed., TATA
atteries IEEE
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Electrical and Electronics Engineering: An International Journal (ELELIJ) Vol 2, No 2, May 2013
32
[4] IrfanJamil, Zhao Jinquan, RehanJamilAnalysis, Design and Implementation of Zero-Current-
Switching Resonant Converter DC-DC Buck Converter International Journal of Electrical &
Electronic Engineering (IJEEE) IASETVol. 2, Issue. 2, pp. 1-12 May 2013.
[5] Yu-Lung Ke, Ying-Chun Chuang, Shao-Wei Huang Application of Buck Zero-Current-
Switching Pulse-Width-Modulated Converter in Battery Chargers Industrial and CommercialPower Systems Technical Conference 2007.
[6] G. Hua and fred C. Lee, Soft-Switching Techniques in PWM Converters IEEE Trans. Industrial
Electronics, Vol.42, no. 6. PP. 595-60, Dec 1995.
[7] NaseemZaidi, Aziz Ahmad Analysis, Design and Control of Zero Current Switching DC To DC
Buck Converter International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Vol. 2, Issue 7,
July 2012.
[8] HelioLeaes Hey, Lourenco Matias and Joao Batista Viera Junior A Buck ZC-ZVS PWM
Converter Power Electronics Specialists Conference PESC '94 Record. 25th Annual IEEEJune
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AUTHORS
IrfanJamil was born in Punjab province, City Multan, Pakistan on Feb 25, 1987. He
received his bachelor degree in Electrical Engineering and its Automation from
Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China in 2011. Currently he is pursuing his
Master degree at Hohai University, Nanjing, China. During these days he is doing
master research as a Visiting Research Scholar at Tsinghua University, Beijing
China. His research interest involves in Power electronics and Power system
Automation.
-
7/28/2019 Resonant Converter Dc-Dc Buck Technique for Battery Charger to Yield Efficient Performance in Charging Shaping
19/19
Electrical and Electronics Engi
RehanJamil was also born in Pun
1987. He received his bachelor i
Federal Urdu University of Arts, Sc
Currently he is pursuing his MasteChina. His research interest inv
generation.
Engr. RizwanJamil was born in
August 21, 1976. He received h
from University of Engineering
received his Master degree in P
Engineering & Technology, Karach
Heavy Mechanical Complex-3 (H
involved in research & developmeAWS code/standards for power sect
Dr.Abdus Sameegraduated as Ph
Institute of Technology in 2009. C
Chashma Centre of Nuclear Trainin
of Pakistan Institute of Engineerin
include modeling and simulation o
insulation aging and degradation, s
power plasma application in biolog
Prof. JinquanZhao was born in
1972. He received his B.S. and P
Shanghai Jiao tong University, Sh
From 1993 to 1995, he was a
Guangzhou, China. From Dec 2000
Cornell University, Ithaca, New
Tsinghua University, Beijing, Chin
Energy &Electrical Engineering,
been published more than 28 p
research interests in the area of vol
applications.
neering: An International Journal (ELELIJ) Vol 2, No 2,
jab province, City Multan, Pakistan on Feb 25,
n B.Sc. Electrical (Electronic) Engineering from
ience & Technology Islamabad Pakistan in 2009.
degree at Yunnan Normal University, Kunminglves in Electronics, Renewable energy power
Punjab province, City Multan, Pakistan on
is bachelor degree in Mechanical Engineering
Technology, Lahore, Pakistan in 2000 and
ower Engineering from NED University of
i, Pakistan in 2003. Currently, he is working in
C-3) as a Senior Engineer since 2003. He is
t of different equipments as per ASME, API,or.
.D. in electrical power engineering at Harbin
urrently he is working as Associate Professor at
g, Pakistan. He is also a visiting faculty member
g and Applied Sciences. His research interests
f electrical systems, non-linear dielectrics, cable
pace charge behavior in solid insulation, pulsed
, environment and water waste.
angquan, Shanxi province, China, on June 26
.D. degrees, all in electrical engineering, from
nghai, China, in 1993 and 2000, respectively.
n engineer in Guangzhou Power Company,
to Sept 2003, he was a postdoctoral associate in
York. He was also postdoctoral associate in
a. Currently he isPh.D.-professor in College of
ohai University, and Nanjing, China. He has
pers in many international conferences. His
tage stability analysis and control, OPF and its
May 2013
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