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RESERVES PRESENTATION FOR VELENJE COLIERY ACCORDING TO

UNITED NATIONS FRAMEWORK CLASSIFICATION

Igor Veber, bsc. geol. eng.Dr. Evgen Dervarič, bsc. min. eng.

Premogovnik VelenjeVelenje Coliery

Presentation to First Session of UNECE Ad Hoc Group of Experts on Supply of Fossil Fuels

Geneva - 10-11 November 2004

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RESERVES PRESENTATION FOR VELENJE COLIERY ACCORDING TO

UNITED NATIONS FRAMEWORK CLASSIFICATION

INTRODUCTION

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RESERVES AND RESOURCES

WHAT ARE WE, CONSIDERING RESERVES AND RESOURCES, INTERESTED IN?WHERE THEY ARE ? (SLOVENIJA)IS IT POSSIBLE TO GET THEM ? (ACTIVE UNDERGROUND COLIERY – A.P. 4Mt)IS THERE A LOT OF THEM ? YESCAN WE GET SOME MONEY OUT OF THEM ? WELL, WE MAKE A LIVING

SEARCHING

FOR...

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geography

Just in case

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Geography & underground coal seam contour

A NICE VALLEY CONTAMINATED WITH INDUSTRIAL ARCHITECTUREAND THREE SUBSIDENCE LAKES IN PAST DECADES

UNDERGROUND COAL SEAM CONTOUR

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RESERVES PRESENTATION FOR VELENJE COLIERY ACCORDING TO

UNITED NATIONS FRAMEWORK CLASSIFICATION

GEOLOGY

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Geology & underground coal seam contour

8 km

Tectonic depression is filled up with pliocene and quaternary sediments

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underground coal seam contour

Tectonic depression is filled up with pliocene and quaternary sediments

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HOW DEEP is the coal seam

A

B

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COAL SEAM THICKNESS

A

B

SW

NE

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Longitudinal section and aquifers

38/

56

PT-

6/63

36/

55

46/

59

P-6

l/64

P-8

r/86

P-8

tt/90

PO -

9p/8

0

PM

-8/9

6

TRIASNI DOLOMIT

A B

TRIASSIC DOLOMITE

PLIOCENE

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Cross - section

DOLOMITE - TRIASSICSILT - PLIOCENE

MUDSTONE - PLIOCENE

TUFF - OLIGOCENE

SAND - PLIOCENE

SANDY CLAY - QUATERNARY

SUBSIDENCE LAKE

COAL - PLIOCENE

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RESERVES PRESENTATION FOR VELENJE COLIERY ACCORDING TO

UNITED NATIONS FRAMEWORK CLASSIFICATION

FACTS

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VELENJE COLLIERY

average thickness of the lignite seam is 60 m

underground extraction

average depth of the seam is 300 m

very thick coal (lignite) seam

maximal thickness reaches 168 m

mining method: specially adapted and highly productive.

maximal depth of the roof strata border is 480 m

tectonic depression - PULL APART BASIN

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VELENJE COLLIERY

PRODUCTION: 4 Mt/year

UNTIL NOW: round 200 Mt

FROM NOW: AT LEAST 100 Mt until 2025

80 km OF ACTIVE BASIC ROADWAYS

15 km per year

60 t/manshift

40 t/m/day

…

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BEHIND FIRST LINES

DATABASEround 2600 boreholes70.000 general borehole data130.000 stratum data200.000 chemical data100.000 technical data more than half a milion informations a MUST: good software support

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STRUCTURAL BOREHOLES, PIEZOMETERS, DEWATERING WELLS, GEOMECHANICAL MEASUREMENTSMore than 600 BOREHOLES MADE FROM SURFACE (>200 km)ROUND 2000 BOREHOLES MADE UNDERGROUND (FOREBORINGEXTRA)FIRST 1873, DEEPEST 1603m, “THE BEST” 168m OF COAL

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COAL Petrography

DETRITIC COAL

XILITIC COAL

CARBOMINERITIC

GELITIC COAL

FUZITIC COAL (1%)

“YOUNG” (2.5 – 3 MILION

YEARS OLD), SOFT,

BROWN COAL – LIGNITE

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AVERAGE VALUES OF CHEMICAL PARAMETERS AND CALORIFIC VALUE OF THE COAL

PARAMETER NUMBER OF SAMPLES AVERAGE VALUE%

MOISTURE 1722 30,00063 30

ASH 1722 22,22239 22

VOLATILE 1610 27,62893 28

C_FIX 894 20,45509 20

COKE 1612 42,60458 43

1644 1,741496 1,7

CALORIFIC VALUE 1640 10,87699MJ/kg

10,9MJ/kg

SULPHUR

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RESERVES PRESENTATION FOR VELENJE COLIERY ACCORDING TO

UNITED NATIONS FRAMEWORK CLASSIFICATION

RESOURCES & RESERVES

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RESOURCES & RESERVES calculation

- WE HAVE TO EXPLORE DUE TO REGULATION

- WE HAVE TO CALCULATE THE RESERVES AND RESORCES AND PREPARE WRITTEN REPORTS DUE TO LEGISLATION

- WE HAVE TO PREPARE THE REPORTS IN ACCORDANCE WITH REGULATION

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RESOURCES & RESERVES calculation

Constraints: - regulation,- geology,- technique,- excavation borders,- safety pillars,- cut-off values,- calculation methods,- software,- some more,- many more,- …

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RESOURCES & RESERVES calculation

- DATABASE IS A SOURCE OF DATA FILES READY FOR FURTHER TREATMENT

- RESULTS: DIGITAL MODELS – GRIDS (WITH POSSIBILITIES OF MATHEMATICAL CALCULATIONS AND GRAPHICAL PRESENTATIONS) – CONTOURS, 3D …

- CAD SOFTWARE READS INTERPRETED PART OF DATABASE DIRECTLY

- RESULTS: SECTIONS – PROFILES, SUPERFICIES …

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RESOURCES & RESERVES calculation

SEAM BOTTOM CONTOURS

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RESOURCES & RESERVES calculation

SEAM UPPER CONTOURS

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RESOURCES & RESERVES calculation

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SECTIONS

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RESOURCES & RESERVES calculation

SECTION

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RESOURCES & RESERVES calculation

SECTION

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RESOURCES & RESERVES calculation

SECTION

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RESOURCES & RESERVES calculation

- MOST IMPORTANT IS TO USE RELIABLE, ACCURATE AND UP-TO-DATE DATASETS

- WHETHER WE CALCULATE THE VOLUMES EITHER WAY, THE RESULTS ARE ALWAYS VERY CLOSE

- USING TWO METHODS IS APPROPRIATE FOR VERIFICATION

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RESOURCES & RESERVES presentation

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LOOKING FOR A PLACE UNDER THE SUN

AND AS SUCH WE HAVE TO TAKE CARE OF OUR OWN ACCORD BY OURSELVESWE HAVE TO ADAPT BECAUSE NOBODY WILL ADAPT TO US

A SMALL PART OF THE WORLD

WE ARE

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UNFC

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UNFC presentation

RESOURCE TYPE CODE AMOUNT COMMENT

TOTALRESOURCES

RESERVES

111 222 222 222 t exploitable

131 122 222 222 t mining losses

REMAININGRESOURCES

311 88 888 888 t safety pillars

331 155 555 555 t high ash coal

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UNFC

Presentation according to UNFC has to differ from the national scheme because of different classification origin but the figures remain the same.

Anyhow, this transfer from national classification into UNFC is only an attempt and serves as anexample for discussion.

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UNFC presentation

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questions

WHAT WE DON’T KNOW:IS MINING REPORT A KIND OF CONGLOMERATE

CONSISTING OF EXISTENT DOCUMENTATION OR A STUDY? (BY DEFINITION – BOTH ?!?)

WHO EVALUATES THE MINING REPORT?

WHICH ARE THE PARAMETERS FOR ECONOMIC RANGING?

RENEWAL FREQUENCY? BY DATE, OR, IF NECESSARY? (because it takes some time to complete a study)

PARAMETERS FOR GEOLOGICAL AXIS – UNFC DEFINITION: DETAILED EXPLORATION: …SUCH THAT ... ARE ESTABLISHED WITH HIGH DEGREE OF ACCURACY … - IN SUCH WAY (WITHOUT EXACT FIGURES) MUCH CAN REMAIN FOR DISCUSSION (OR FOR WRONG INTERPRETATION)

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Remark

In the last instance it is on the competent person, todecide whether to accept the range of geological exploration as satisfying or not and whether to agree with calculation methodology or choose a new, moreappropriate one.

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SOME DILEMMAS

•CODE 131 IS NOT DEFINED (foreseen) YET IN UNFC, BUT MINING LOSSES ARE AROUND SOMEWHERE THERE!•IF WE CHOOSE DEFINED CODE 331 THE COAL AT ONE LONGWALL FACE SHOULD BE DEFINED PARTLY AS ECONOMIC AND PARTLY NOT (not logical)•A KIND OF ANALOGY: CODE 311, SHOULD BE USED FOR THE COAL IN SAFETY PILLARS•THE DEFINED CODE 331 IS NOT SUITABLE FOR THIS COAL WHILE THE COAL IS ONLY TOO EXPENSIVE (WE KNOW HOW AND WE CAN GET IT OUT).

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RÉSUMÉ

For the time being we shall calculate the reserves in an expert way as up to present!

And wait for further development of European (and local?) regulation!??!

The only additional action at the end of the calculation report should be a transfer (should be a kind of easy link) into UNFC tables and codes (for an expert a piece of cake) if necessary.

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RÉSUMÉ

But, of course, having in mind that behind the simple codes, all the homework has been done.

FEASIBILITY STUDY

MINING REPORT

ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT

GEOLOGICAL RESEARCH

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FINAL REMARK

IF UNFC RESULTED AS A FRAMEWORK FOR DIFFERENT NATIONAL CLASSIFICATIONS,

MAYBE THE SAME (OR SLIGHTLY ADAPTED) UNFC CAN PLAY ALSO A ROLE OF

A FRAMEWORK FOR MANY INTERNATIONAL

CLASSIFICATIONS, THAT ARE MOMENTARILY TOPICAL AROUND THE

WORLD

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THANK YOU !HAVE A NICE DAY !