Research Report Final MBA General.doc

8/10/2019 Research Report Final MBA General.doc

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Research Paper

Topic: Socio-Economic Problem of Class III and

Class IV Employees

Submitted to: Submitted by:

Aysha Sami Latif Faisal Rehman Sabri

MBA (General One & Half Year

Institute of Computer & Management Sciences,

Hayatbad Peshwar

University of Peshawar


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Abstra!t

The present study was conducted to analyze socio economic problems of class iii and class iv

employees. The study carried out for explaining the arbitrating effects of a number of intellectual

variables (education level, satisfy with job, managing health problems, facing problem to educate

their children, face any problem in emergency condition due to low income) in a relationship

with monthly income. or the study unbiased !uestionnaire was used, with the help of "#

employees of university of $eshawar the data were gathered. re!uency and correlation were

used to analyze all the data. %t the end the conclusion made that low income and less education

causes all socio&economic problems.

"ntrodu!tion

'ost of us live in comfort and security, but over one&fifth of the world s population lives in

poverty. %round the world poverty appears when people are not able to achieve the standard of

living that is usual for their society. Today, standards of living vary greatly among nations

however, the effects of poverty remain constant* hunger, homelessness, lac+ of education, and

resources to fulfill basic human needs.

$overty is not only having no money. or those in developing countries it also is not having the

materials and resources to fulfill their basic needs. % person can be poor when they don t have

access to employment and basic healthcare, education and essentials li+e food, clothing and

water.

% study on poverty has brought $a+istan face to face with a reality that it will find hard to accept,

every third $a+istani is caught in the poor brac+et i.e. some "-. million out of a total

population of /-# million subsist below the poverty line. This includes more than half the

population in the forever remote 0aluchistan, 11 per cent in 2indh, 13 per cent in 4hyber


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$a+htun+hwa and /5 per cent in $unjab. These are daunting figures. The purpose of this research

is find out a comprehensive picture of socio&economic problems of class ii and class iv

employees in $eshawar and judge the facilities provided to class iii and class iv employees of

$eshawar. 6n the research 2tatistical $ac+age for the 2ocial 2ciences (2$22) is used for finding

the result the various statistical techni!ues i.e. fre!uency and correlation and test i.e. reliability

test is used in this study. a pre tested !uestionnaire is used for the outcomes. or this purpose

employees of university of $eshawar were as+ed for their response for further results.

Hy#othesis

H $% 7esser the income of the employees greater would be the severity of their problem and

lesser the education of employees greater would be their problem.

H % 8reater the number of children, greater would be the economic and accommodation

problems of the employees.

Literature re'ie

'c+ee, %., ., is conducted to investigate the socio&economic problems as an option for the

poor9. :efers to a trend, throughout the ;udeo&%men, 6 say to you, whatever you did for

one of these least brothers of mine, you did for me. This is reflected in The


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problems e.g. education, health, unemployment, low social status, and poor. 6n these manners the

data is collected from ?merald group publications. % careful study and different tests are used for

the chec+ing of the reliability of this data. 6n order of integration of different time series involve

in the study bound testing approach to co integration based on %uto :egressive distributed lag

(%:=7) is used to confirm the presence of relationship among the variables. This study is about

the socio&economic principle as in an option for poor which focus on the modern form of this

new old concern, its relation to traditional socio&economic growth, the sense in which it called

for protection of the poor and marginalized, how surely it may demand reform of economic

structure and, its place in


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the international poverty line at C/, C3 a day is converted into domestic currencies using

purchasing power parity exchange rates. The study conclude that ban+ should be bac+ing away

from its current too concentrated focus on the income headcount number, and that the emphasis

should move to a much wider range of other measures, focusing on a wide range of deprivations

that are as, or more important than deprivation of income.

4aplan, :., 7., (3##3) is conducted to study the ?conomic 6ne!uality and :ole of 7aw. The

variables used in this study are fewer wages, less pension, less health facility less amount of

vacations. 6n these manners the data is collected from different level people in %merica by

survey and from different government institution li+e ederal :eserve board the timber 6ndustry.This study shows that according to 4evin $hillips the author of Aealth and democracy a political

history of %merican rich the increasing economic ine!uality of recent decades poses a

significant challenge to the @.2. legal system and its democratic processes. De contends that the

status !uo is unsustainable9 and that plutocracy is where we are headed, if we are not already

there. Ahat the future holds is not particularly heartening. :epealing the estate tax, creating

retirement funding and education incentives that primarily benefit financial elites, rejecting

universal health insurance, ignoring the silent9 crisis5# represented by the costs of long&term

care, and eliminating the redistributionist aspects of 2ocial 2ecurity via privatization9 E all of

these developments point toward more economic ine!uality, not less. This study shows that a

government should introduce a policy is needed if economic ine!uality is to be arrested and

democratic vibrancy restored.

7emos, 2., (3##F) conducted a study to investigate the effect of the minimum wage on price. The

variables used in this study are* high labour cost reduces profit, low labor cost increase profit,


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Ahile laws and law enforcement are indispensable, countries serious about fighting corruption

should also pay attention to reforming the role of government in the economy, particularly those

areas that give officials discretionary power which are hot beds for corruption. :ecruiting and

promoting civil servants on a merit basis and paying them a salary competitive to private sector

alternatives help to attract high !uality, moral civil servants. 6nternational pressure on corrupt

countries, including criminalizing bribing foreign officials by multinational firms, is useful. 0ut

the success of any anti&corruption campaign ultimately depends on the reform of domestic

institutions in currently corrupt countries.

0lair, 8., air,


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Aorld 0an+. Hg $erron Test was used for the reliability of this data. 6n order of integration of

different time series involve in the study bound testing approach to co integration based on %uto

:egressive distributed lag (%:=7) is used to confirm the presence of relationship among the

variables. The study concludes that the entire variables are very much closely lin+ed to poverty.

The study shows that economic growth and investment have reducing the poverty and on the

other hand inflation and openness trade increase the poverty level in the country.

0assanini, %., :asmussen, D., ;., and 2carpetta, 2., (/555) conducted this research is to

investigate the problems of unemployment and low pay amongst the low s+illed and those withlittle wor+ experience are served in many countries. The variables used in this research are

unemployment, low pay, low s+ill, little wor+ experience. The data is collected from four I


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that the


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Methodolo)y

This phase explains the mechanics of the research study. 6t gives description of the universe,

sampling procedure, data source, and analysis techni!ues. The area of study is @niversity If

$eshawar. 6n random sampling we select "# employees from class 666 and class 6L (grade / to

/J). The !uestionnaire was used as a tool for data collection. % !uestionnaire was prepared

covering and in!uiring about all the necessary aspect of concern problem in the target area. The

!uestionnaire was pre&tested in the field and was modified accordingly. %fter collection of

complete data the result were shown through statistical analysis by using fre!uency and

correlation.

Result and discussion

Reliability analysis

6n the first step reliability analysis ta+e place by using 2$22 the most common cronbachBs alpha

is used to chec+ the reliability. The value of alpha should lie between # and /.

Reliability Statistics

Cronbach's Alpha N of Items

0.68 6

The cronbachBs alpha is valued at #.J-. The #.-# is good scale in social research. The #.J- shows

that variable will measure the concept.

Frequency

Table educational status and educational level


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Education Status

Frequency Percent Vali Percent

Cumulati!e

Percent

Vali "iterate ## 88.0 88.0 88.0

Illiterate 6 $%.0 $%.0 $00.0

&otal 0 $00.0 $00.0

Education level


Cumulati!e

Percent

Vali Primary 6 $%.0 $%.0 $%.0

(i le $0.0 $0.0 %%.0

(etric $) %6.0 %6.0 #8.0

*ra uation $8 )6.0 )6.0 8#.0

Post *ra uation 8 $6.0 $6.0 $00.0

&otal 0 $00.0 $00.0

The above table shows the education status and educational level. The --M respondents wereliterate and /3M respondents were illiterate. urther it shows that 3JMresponts were

matriculated, 1JM were graduate, and /JM post graduated and /3M and /#M were primary and

middle respectively.

Findin)s

'ajority respondents were literates.

'ajority respondents were graduat

Monthly income


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Table

Monthly income


Cumulati!e

Percent

Vali "ess than $ 000 $% %#.0 %#.0 %#.0

$ 000+)0000 %$ #%.0 #%.0 66.0

)0000+# 000 $% %#.0 %#.0 ,0.0

# 000+60000 $0.0 $0.0 $00.0

&otal 0 $00.0 $00.0

The table shows that 3FM respondents were earning less than /"### in a month, F3M

respondents were earning /"###&1####, 3FM earning 1####&F"###, and /#M respondents

earning F"###&J####.

Findin)s

'ajority of respondents were earning /"###&1#### per month.


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Face any problem in emergency condition due to low income

Tables

Face any problem in emergency because of low income

Frequenc

y Percent

Vali

Percent

Cumulati!e

Percent

Vali -es #0 80.0 80.0 80.0

No $0 %0.0 %0.0 $00.0

&otal 0 $00.0 $00.0

How meet problems in emergency condition

Frequenc

y Percent

Vali

Percent

Cumulati!e

Percent

Vali y borro/in $6 )%.0 )%.0 )%.0

y sellin

property# 8.0 8.0 #0.0

&a1in loan %$ #%.0 #%.0 8%.0

Not applicable , $8.0 $8.0 $00.0

&otal 0 $00.0 $00.0

The above tables describes that the respondent were facing problems in emergency condition due

to low income and they are having that +ind of situation how will they sort it out. -#M of

respondents reporting that they are facing problem in emergency condition and they are handling

it by ta+ing loan from institutions, selling property and by borrowing from there fiends. 3#M

were prepared for that sort of problems.

Findin)s


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'ajority of respondents were facing problems in emergency condition because of low

income.

Satisfy with job

Tables

Satisfy with job

Frequenc

y Percent

Vali

Percent

Cumulati!e

Percent

Vali -es )# 68.0 68.0 68.0

No $6 )%.0 )%.0 $00.0

&otal 0 $00.0 $00.0

Why not satisfy with the job

Frequen

cy Percent

Vali

Percent

Cumulati!e

Percent

Vali "o/ Income $) %6.0 %6.0 %6.0

"o/ 2ocial

2tatus) 6.0 6.0 )%.0

Not applicable )# 68.0 68.0 $00.0&otal 0 $00.0 $00.0

The above table shows that J-M respondent were satisfy with the job and 13M respondent were

not satisfy with the job because of low income and low social status.

Findin)s

'ajority of respondents were satisfied with their jobs.


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Health problems

Table

Manage health problem

Frequenc

y Percent

Vali

Percent

Cumulati!e

Percent

Vali -es %, 8.0 8.0 8.0

No %$ #%.0 #%.0 $00.0

&otal 0 $00.0 $00.0

The above table show that "-M respondent were managing their health problems positively other

F3Mof respondents having health problems.

Findin)s

'ajority respondents managing their health problems.

Face any problem to educate your children

Table

Face any problem to educate your children


Cumulati!e

Percent

Vali -es %# #8.0 #8.0 #8.0

No %) #6.0 #6.0 ,#.0

Not Applicable ) 6.0 6.0 $00.0

&otal 0 $00.0 $00.0

The above table shows that F-M respondents facing problem in educating their children and FJM

respondents not facing that +ind of problems.


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Findin)s

'ajority of respondent facing problem in educating their children.

Correlation


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!planation

The above table show the correlation between monthly income, education level, how to meet

problem in emergency condition, satisfy with job, face any problem to educate your children and

health problems. The result of correlation shows that monthly income is positively correlated

with education level. Ahen respondents have good level of income, they can build their

education level strong. They can bear all the expenses of their education and can avail the


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opportunity. The relationship between monthly income and face problem in emergency condition

is positively correlated but the relationship is wea+. Ahen the income increases they will save

more and possibly overcome the conditions. The satisfy with the job is negatively correlated with

income. Ahen income level is increase the satisfaction will increase. The health problem and

problem to educate their children is negatively correlated with monthly income. 6t is obvious that

when their increase in income that will help them to educate their child and solve their health

issues more positively.

The education level is positively correlated with problems face in emergency condition. Ahen

respondents have good education level they will foresight these problems so they will always prepare themselves to meet these problems positively. The education level is negatively

correlated with satisfy with the job. Ahen the class 666 and class 6L employees get themselves

well educated they will than get the real position in organization and they will than satisfy with

their jobs. The health problem and problem to educate their child is negatively correlated with

education level. Ahen the employees were illiterate or have low level of education that caused

them health problem and problem to educate their child and this also caused of low level of

interest. The satisfy with job is negative correlated with face any problem in emergency

condition. 'ajor number of respondent not meet their problems in emergency condition the

reason is that they are not getting enough to get hold all of these issues. The health problem is

negatively correlated problem face in emergency condition. The problem in educating their child

is positive correlated with face problem in emergency condition. 2atisfy with job is positively

correlated with the health problem but negatively correlated with problem face in educating their

child. They were fulfilling their health need but having problem to educate their child. 'ange

health problem is negatively correlated with educating their child problem.


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*on!lusion and re!ommendations

%s the universe of the study was university of $eshawar and the selected sample size is "#, with

the help of different research techni!ues, collected some important information related to the

concerned areas of the study. In the basis of findings we are able enough now to draw some

conclusion for it. 6n this phase these findings and recommendations are summarized.

The current study proved the relationship between education level, monthly income, satisfy with

job, face any problem in emergency condition because of low income, manage health problems,facing problem in educating their children.

Findings/. 'ajority respondent are not well educated.3. 'ajority respondent have low income level.1. 'ajority respondent facing problems in emergency condition.F. 'ajority respondent were satisfy with the job.". 'ajority respondent were managing their health problems.J. 'ajority respondents were not able educate their child.

Conclusion

%fter all the finding we can easily conclude that D # is accepted. That lesser the income greater

will be severity of their problem, and lesser the education of employee greater will be the

problems. 'ost respondents have large families and number of dependent member so the

income is not that much sufficient to fulfill all the basic needs of all the member so than

problems start to raise that is why the poor people are getting poorer their child did not get thedeserve education. They are also have problem regarding their health, although the majority

respondent managing their health problems but the difference between majority and minority is

very less so health regarding problems also exist. 'ajority respondent s facing problem in


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educating their children and also face problem in emergency condition because of low income.

The respondents were not availing the opportunity because of low education level.

Recommendation

6n this regards the recommendations will be that the employee would full medical facility will be

given to class iii and class iv employees. The pay rule should be revised by semi annually

because current salary is not enough to fulfill their basic needs. The government should put less

burden of tax on this level. They should discount the prices of the basic utilities. The institution

or management would be much flexible while dealing with class ii and class iv. The lessexpensive advance education system should be developed by the government for this level. The

!uota in government educational institution has to increase for them. The funds for class iii and

class iv should be utilize in positive way. 8overnment should ta+e proper interest in their

matters.


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