Research Proposal Faculty of Medicine UKM-Style

by Prof Dr Ahmad Nazrun Shuid

Dep Dean Research

FOMUKM

Any study should have a proposal before it is carried out.

A plan detailed description of a proposed study

designed to investigate a given problem

Quality proposal = quality study

- What you plan to accomplish….

- Why do you want to do it …

- How are you going to do it….

2What is a research proposal?

Importance of a research

proposal?

1. Protect the students

Supervisors demanding additional

parameters

2.Protects the supervisors

poor quality research by students

3. Approval by UKMMC &UKMEC

4. Funding

3

Proposal Screening

Supervisors

Research committee

at deptlevel

Reviewer panel of UKM Research

Committee

UKM

Ethical

committee Approval Start Research

ProgressingResearc

h End

• Lulus

• Pinda & Hantar semula

• Pinda & Bentang

FF research

code

Laporan

Kemajuan

Laporan

Akhir

Laporan Akhir

Tesis/Disertasi/vi

va

Parts of a Proposal

1. Title

2. Introduction/Literature Review

3. Problem Statement

4. Objectives/Hypotheses

5. Methodology

6. Gantt Chart

7. Budget

8. References

No. ItemsPrincipal Investigator

MRC

UKMMC Member

Comments by MRC UKMMC Member

1. The TITLE is appropriate

2.

INTRODUCTION/LITERATURE REVIEW/RESEARCH

QUESTIONHas a similar study been done before?

If yes,

a)The novel elements in the present study

have been stated

b)Findings from previous studies have been

stated

If not,c)There is sufficient justification

3.Standard therapy is stated

4

a) Main OBJECTIVE is clear

b) Specific OBJECTIVES are clear

5The HYPOTHESIS(SES) is/are clear

UKMMC Screening Form

No.Items

METHODS

Principal

Investigator

MRC

UKMMC Member

Commen

ts by

MRC

UKMMC Member

6. The study population is clearly stated

7. The sample size calculation is shown & appropriate

8.

The study design is clearly described:

Animal study/ observational study (retrospective, prospective), case-control or clinical trial

9.Type of sampling mentioned: simple random, convenient, systematic, stratified

10. The study sites is/are clearly stated

11.The inclusion and exclusion criteria are stated & appropriate

12.The questionnaire(s) has (have) been validated (for all versions used)

13.A flow chart of the study methodology is enclosedStatistical Analysis

No. Items

Princip

al

Investigator

MRC

UKMMC Member

Comments

by MRC

UKMMC Member

14 A Gantt chart is enclosed

15. Reasonable BUDGET is enclosed

16.The SUBJECT INFORMATION SHEET is easy to understand and follows the SPPI format

17.The CONSENT FORM is clear and follows the SPPI format

18.

Approvals/ Permissions have been obtained (if

required) from

a)Owners of all questionnaires and scoring

systems

b)Other relevant authorities, eg institution of

co-investigators, ministries, etc

c)DCA (Drug Control Authority)

19. Major ethical issues in the study (if any)

20.The names of the co-investigators are clearly stated & appropriate References

Title Concise, descriptive, informative and catchy

Orient your readers to your research topic.

Indicate the type of study you will conduct.

Eg:

Prevalence and correlation of hypertension among

adult population in northwest Nigeria: a community

based cross-sectional study

Prevention and Management of Hypertension: A Study on Knowledge and Attitudes of Women of Childbearing Age

Title

Avoid

Too short & broad

Eg. Determining the mechanism of

action of TNF

Too long & technical

Eg. Determining the mechanism of action of TNF family

members in regulating apoptotic signaling complexes

within the mitochondria leading to a cure in

postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Title

Avoid spelling mistakes/ incorrect name of

place eg hospital name.

HUKM, HCTM, Hospital Canselor Tuanku

Muhriz

Fracture Contaminant: Which Bacteria is the Culprit?

Avoid use of a question for title. Best left for

research question.

Introduction

Should be short : one or two pages

Familiarize reader to the topic

Highlight research problem. Introduction and Literature Review is different.

Introduction is a summary about the study that include introductory paragraph, problem statement, objectives,

research questions and hypotheses, significant and contribution of the study.

Literature Review should include/discuss (where applicable):

- the results of previous studies in the same area

- comparison of the findings by previous researchers

- define the terms for every variable involved in the study

Literature Review

reflects extensive review of literature done

by the investigator

coherent, relevant & easily readable

helps investigator to

gain good knowledge in that field of inquiry

have insight on different methodologies that

could be applied

Literature Review

Summarize the findings of previous studies.

use proper format to cite other studies. Make sure

the references are included in the Reference List.

Do critical analysis of the findings of other studies.

What is the similarity or discordant findings of the

previous studies?

What is the gap in previous studies that make you

propose your study

Literature review

Literature SUPPORTS your hypothesis

UNIQUE / NOVEL

EXTENDS previous work

AVOIDS previous mistakes

15

Readerknows

Reader doesn't know

The narrative of literature reviewIntroduce the

field:broad focus

EPIDEMIOLOGYDYSMENORRHOEA

Pathogenesis

Focus on certain aspects in field of

interest

End with gap analysis

microbiota

research questions

SOLUTION! PROBIOTICS

Objectives

Specific, achievable & measurable

One general objective

Several specific objectives

Arranged in the order of importance

Avoid too many objectives

Hypotheses

tentative prediction of the relationship

between two or more variables

Prediction of expected outcomes

exploratory research, may not have any

hypothesis

Research methodology

science of studying how research is done scientifically

systematically solve the research problem.

methodological steps you will take to test every

hypothesis

discuss procedures clearly & completely with

considerable amount of details

consult a biostatistician

Research methodology

Study design

Study population

Sample size

Instrumentation

Specific procedures

Study design

specific plan or protocol for conducting the study

appropriate for achieving the objectives

Study population

What are inclusion & exclusion criteria?

What is the sampling procedure?

Will there be use of controls in your study?.

Some descriptive studies (studies of existing

data, surveys) may not require control

groups.

What are the criteria for discontinuation?

Sample size

What would be the minimum sample required?

How did you calculate it?

Determination of sample size is a bargain between

precision and the price (Resources & expenses

involved)

Calculation by software programmes, but the

principles should be understood.

Interventions

drugs or devices : proprietary names, manufacturer,

chemical composition, dose, frequency of

administration

information must be provided on available pre-

clinical investigations in animals and/or results of

studies already conducted in humans (approval of

the drug regulatory agency in the country is

needed before the study).

Study instruments

Tools by which the data are collected.

For validated questionnaires- give reference

to published work & get permission

New questionnaire – proofs of preparing,

precoding & pretesting of questionnaire

Others- medical examination, lab tests &

screening procedures - reference of

published work cited.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS

A brief description of how the data will

be processed & use of statistical package

What statistical tests of significance

would be used?

Gantt chart

Sequence of tasks to be performed & length of time

required for its completion.

Time Frame & Work Schedule

Highlighting the sequencing & relationship of

different activities in the study

Budget

translates project activities into monetary terms - how much money will be required to accomplish the various tasks.

Salary for RA, postdoc

Travel & conference

Chemicals/Kits/Tests

Equipment

Printing / Xeroxing

Consultancy charges/Proofreader

Publication fees

Appendix

CV: primary investigators and co-investigators, their qualifications, research experience etc

Publication policy

Consent form (bilanguage)

Patient Info Sheet (bilanguage)

Questionnaires

Scoring systems

Permissions to use questionnaires & scores

Certificates of approval KKM, hospital, schools or relevant authorities.

REFERENCES

The proposal should end with relevant references on the subject. Follow the format “Gaya UKM”

For web based search include the date of access for the cited website“ accessed on June 10, 2018".

Thank you

Selamat berbengkel