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Muneeb Anwar5753FMS/MBA/F12Amir Sohail5765FMS/MBA/F12Usman Mukhtar5771FMS/MBA/F12Farukh Saleem5779FMS/MBA/F12

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INTRODUCTION

Since last decade it has been observed that most of the students in Pakistan who study in different

universities are getting education for the sake of CGPA, instead of gaining knowledge.

The average number of students passing out from different universities of Pakistan is 445,000

from 33 universities of Pakistan. This is the education which tends students toward their grades.

Most nations have individual grading systems unique to their own schools. However,

several international standards for grading have arisen recently. In Pakistan grading has much

influence in measuring performance of the students.

Grading criteria in Pakistan is:

Range Grade Letter Grade Point

80 - 100 A 4.0

75-79.99 B+ 3.5

70-74.99 B 3.0

65-69.99 C+ 2.5

60- 64.99 C 2.0

55-59.99 D+ 1.5

50 - 54.99 D 1.0

0 - 49.99 F 0

The literacy rate ranges from 96% in Islamabad to 28% in the Kholo District. Between 2000 and

2004, Pakistanis in the age group 55–64 had a literacy rate of almost 38%, those ages 45–54 had

a literacy rate of nearly 46%, those 25–34 had a literacy rate of 57%, and those ages 15–24 had a

literacy rate of 72%. Literacy rates vary regionally, particularly by sex. In tribal areas female

literacy is 9.5%. Moreover, English is fast spreading in Pakistan, with 18 million Pakistanis (11%

of the population) having a command over the English language, which makes it the third largest

English-speaking nation in the world and the second largest in Asia. On top of that, despite these

statistics, Pakistan still has one of the highest illiteracy rates in the world and the second largest

out of school population (5.1 million children) after Nigeria.

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After the flow of private universities in 1980s, the competition became increased among private

and government universities. Every one strived for its survival in education sector.

Effects of Knowledge on Students:

The knowledge which a student gains during a lecture in class will always remain forever.

For example, a student might want to learn some material because he is genuinely interested in

and curious about it. Another student might become motivated to learn when he participates in a

group project-he would “get into it,” as some students would say. It is also easy to envision

combinations of these categories, when a student wants to do what the teacher models but also is

genuinely curious about a subject.

Effects of CGPA on Students:

Many students think that their entire career is based on their CGPA. They do all the efforts for it.

A student might be paying attention and doing the same tasks because he wants to become

competent. Another student might be doing the same work, thinking that they want to learn to do

that like their teacher does.

Statement of Problem:

The main problem in education system of Pakistan is that it is grade oriented. We have found

consistent effects of using the importance of grades.

1. Grades tend to reduce students’ interest in the learning itself.

2. Grades tend to reduce students’ preference for challenging tasks.

3. Grades tend to reduce the quality of students’ thinking.

4. Grades aren’t valid, reliable, or objective. 

5. The child who seems to be the proud of their parents has a psychological pressure to tend

towards good grades.

6. Grades distort the curriculum.

In the following research, we’ll differentiate between knowledge and grade oriented students.

As well as, the factors which lead towards grade oriented person and factors which lead

toward knowledge oriented person will be discussed.

Background Information:

In researching this topic the group found a large amount of work had already been done on

this topic. For this reason the group was able to take the best parts of each of the individual

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studies and compile them along with our own input into a comprehensive targeted study to

address our unique problem statement.

EXPLORATORY RESEARCH:

An extensive internet search was carried out by the group to gather a large amount of

information that was readily available in the public domain. Next, the group identified

specific journals, and articles that were of interest in the reference sections of discovered

research that was similar to our efforts. The majority of the information referred to in the

reference sections of the public domain literature was not available in the public domain. To

overcome this obstacle the group used the International Islamic University Islamabad’s

library to obtain the information referred to in the reference sections of the related studies

found online. After extensive reading and research of the available literature, a research

model was defined to clarify research objectives and variables were assigned to the concepts

in relationship diagram to objectify the model. An extensive questionnaire was then designed

with different question items to represent these variables.

Literature Review:

The recent educational data and interviews, press release and articles are presenting that the

people tend toward Bookish information and there’s less amount of knowledge is being

supplied to the market according to the level of need. Like most of the university students

feel their education as a burden rather than an inner desire of getting knowledge.

We found in our research that the students belong to middle class with a father’s education of

14 to 16 years and they work as private servants at middle levels. Such students are mostly

found according to our survey, bend towards getting knowledge. But due to social pressure

and financial pressure, the also need good grades in their degree, based on knowledge.

Students were found to be in relatively low income have an intention towards knowledge.

------- %students bend toward CGPA. Educationists have traditionally viewed that the

schooling is the basic factor to making up the minds of the students either they are going to

pursue toward knowledge or grades. Schooling is valuable, the argument goes, because it

makes people more productive so they will receive more information that will going to lead

them towards knowledge. In addition the data shows that students from lower income

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families are more likely to have less exposure, and students from backward areas are more

likely to bend towards knowledge.

Overall our research leads us to believe there is a relationship between knowledge and CGPA

and the following factors: demographics (age, sex, race, etc), existing CGPA, language,

father’s education, and income class. Our study will seek to confirm and test these factors

and establish correlations within the IIUI student body.

Research Questions & Objectives:

Knowledge V/S CGPA model graphically represents the research objectives designed at the

end of exploratory research. Each variable is represented by a square box and arrow shows a

relationship among them. This diagram can be found in 5th page. This study was designed to

discover what the relationship is between or chosen variable and our topic i.e. knowledge vs

CGPA. We think that there will be a relationship between a student’s level of knowledge and

the following variables.

Motivation is an independent variable measuring the capacity of mind up to the certain extent

in terms of motivation towards knowledge. Correlation exists between that student demographic,

an independent variable, and the student’s motivation.

Good Observer is an independent variable, because a good observer can see the thing from

the different angles as compared to common people, and because of this habit he has the unique

information about the thing that will going to lead his intention towards knowledge.

Influenced people consist of two types, positively influenced and negatively influenced. A

positively influenced person will move towards knowledge whereas negatively influenced will

going to be pissed off.

Hard working person will going to collect more information about the things, processes and

people. A hardworking person midnight oil to achieve success. That person will definitely move

towards knowledge.

Innovators are the people who are eager to explore new things, adapt new systems and

always they search for innovative products. Mostly they go for the knowledge.

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Devoted person is always loyal and committed to what he studies. His devotion and

commitment will lead him to his knowledge.

Interest of the person in his studies which he/she is getting matters a lot. If a person is

interested in the studies he is getting, he will definitely gain knowledge from that.

Exploration nature of a person leads him towards knowledge.

Social Pressure of the society and parents is a major cause that pushes the students towards

getting good grades instead of seeking knowledge.

Benchmark is also an important factor leads towards maintaining level up to previous CGPA

of his own, friends etc. so this factor will lead him towards getting good grades to maintain

his/her self-respect.

Violence to Get Things makes a person to snatch other’s share. So they can do anything

for getting grades.

Limited to Books if a person is only limited to books then he/she has no exposure.

Adapters are those who adapt a new change. In our research, the basic theme behind this

variable is that adapters are who do not bring change in an existing system nor they have such

capability.

Siblings Rivalry occurs when siblings use unfair means to get better grades than each other.

It is due to the parents who give examples and credits to siblings to create an inferiority complex

in one person.

Greed greedy people always run after the grades. They use all the means to get grades, either

they are fair or unfair.

Shortcuts always cause risk whenever they are used. So the students who use shortcuts are

grade oriented people.

Lack of Confidence the students who feel shy while dealing in public are the people who

have lack of confidence. These people have less vision and knowledge and they often go for

good grades.

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Knowledge V/S CGPA Relationship Model:

Motivation

Interest

Exploration

Innovators

Good Observer

Influenced

Siblings Rivalry

Hard worker

Devoted

Knowledge

Greed

Limited to Books

Violence to Get Things

Social Pressure

Shortcuts

Benchmark

Adapters

CGPA

Lack of Confidence

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METHODOLOGYPopulation & Sample

Target Population:The target population for this study is all individuals that share the common characteristic

of being currently enrolled university students.

Sampling Frame: The sampling frame or working population, for this study is all currently enrolled students

found on the 704 acre IIU main campus during a typical 24 hour period. The current student

population of IIU is 30,000 students.

Sample Size: The group plans on gathering 125 questionnaires with roughly half being men and

approximately half being women. It is anticipated that by simply following the random sampling

procedures outlined above that we will achieve this goal without any effort given to purposely

selecting men or women to balance the study. If this does not turn out to be the case we will

most likely be required to gain additional samples using Stratified Sampling.

Sample Unit: The sampling unit will be one of the 7 quadrants of the IIU campus.

Proposed Data Collection Techniques

Type of Survey: This survey is a combination of Likert, Nominal, Ordinal and Category. The survey will

be administered by using the intercept method at specific locations on the IIUI new campus.

Sampling Method:

The group used a multistage area sampling. We divided the IIUI campus into 7 parts

roughly based upon population density and assign each quadrant a number 1 through 7.

Individual questionnaire administers rolled a die to determine where the next 30 questionnaires

would be administered. The administrator then went to a Sharia & Law department. The

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administrator then looked down at their watch and waited until the second hand on their watch

reached the 12 and then they must looked up and the first person they saw they approached with

the questionnaire to carry out an Intercept Interview. This was done in order to remove any bias

the administrator may have in only approaching people who they may perceive as being more

amenable to answering the questionnaire. This also prevented the administrator from introducing

any bias into the study through Judgment Sampling or Snowball Sampling. It was decided that

the student population may differ significantly when comparing the day time students (8:30 am to

4:30 pm) to the evening students (4:30 pm to 8:30 pm). To compensate for this assumed

difference it was decided that half of the surveys would be administered during the day time

hours and half of the surveys would be administered during the evening hours. Interesting

beginning questions will be used to help peak personal interest in the study to increase the

positive response rate.

Sampling Procedure: 1) Administrator will select to determine which of the 7 quadrants of the IIU campus will be

sampled for the next 15 sample units.

2) Administrator will next go to a library within the required location on the IIU campus

3) The administrator will then approach the select sample unit with the questionnaire using

an interesting question from the questionnaire to help peak interest in the study.

4) The administrator will then note the demographic information of any non-respondent so

that it can be determined if a specific demographic of the population is underrepresented

due to that demographic being unwilling to participate.

5) The administrator will then administer the questionnaire to positive respondents and press

for a fully completed questionnaire each time

6) After the questionnaire has been administered the administrator will then note the IIU

quadrant the survey was taken in.

7) The administrator will then repeat this process to accumulate to full 15 required for the

specific IIU quadrant.

8) The administrator will then repeat this process as necessary in order to acquire the

required sample size

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Questionnaire Introduction: To help introduce potential sample units to the survey in a uniform way the group created

a short cover letter to be attached to the front of each questionnaire. The cover letter can be

found in Appendix D. This short cover letter will help to give the study an increased level of

credibility which in turn should help to increase the positive response rate.

Instrumentation

Variables:The variables used in this research project are drawn after an exploratory research and literature

review of previous university ranking, and current performance of student. Detail of all the

variables is given below.

Knowledge:Knowledge is a dependent variable. It shows the level of information among the people, that is,

how many people go for the knowledge or implement knowledge in their lives. Question14 is the

question of this variable. It is dependent of all the variables mentioned below:

Exploration:Under this variable intension are to measure the exploration of students adapted during university

life

Questions 11, 15, 17, in the questionnaire pertain to this variable. Question 11, 15, 17 uses a

likert scale. Question items under this variable are about exploration characteristics in his/her

habit. Purpose is to find their learning capacity in their life.

Innovation:This variable will measure their intention about invention in their life. Question 12 in the

questionnaire pertains to this variable. This question uses the Likert Scale.

Good Observer:This will measure that how a person observer thing for what purpose. Variable Questions

31 in the questionnaire pertain to this variable.

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Influenced:Questions 19, are the questionnaire pertains to this variable. Likert scales are used to

record the respondent’s information regarding his or her knowledge.

Hard worker:Likert scales are used to record the respondent’s information regarding his or her knowledge.

Question 22 is the part of this variable.

Interest:This variable intent to measure responding students’ attitudes towards knowledge incurred for

educational purposes and its effects on responding students. Questions10, 16, in the questionnaire pertain

to this variable. All of the question items regarding this variables use likert scale to record the response.

Motivated: it is an independent variable measuring the capacity of mind up to the certain

extent in terms of motivation towards knowledge. Q20 is related to this variable.

Devoted: it is an independent variable which effects both knowledge and CGPA. Q18 is related

to this variable.

CGPA:CGPA is another dependent variable. It shows the degree of people who prefer their grades in

their professional lives. Question 21 is the question of this variable. It is dependent of all the

variables mentioned below:

Lack of confidence: it is an independence variable which effects the CGPA. Q27 relates to

this.

Social Pressure:This will measure how social pressure effect student to convert their mind through grades instead of

knowledge. This study is being undertaken in order to understand and describe the factors that lead to

increased student CGPA. Question 33 include in this variable. likert scale is used to find their results.

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Bench Mark:This will measure how a person decides to meet their required result and who is his/her competitor.

Question 23 is includes in this variable.likert scale is used to find their response.

Limited to Books:Question 25, 26 include in this variable. Ordinal scale is used in Question 25 and likert scale is used in

Question 26.

Shortcut:Through this we will measure who will prefer to adopt shortcut knowledge seeker or grader .Question 24

include in this variable. likert scale is used in this variable.

Sibling Rivalry:It is the main cause through which person prefer to go through grades .In which we will measure that

sibling rivalry can affect how much person perception about knowledge. Person Question 23 include in

this variable. Likert scale is used in this variable.

Greed:Question 28, 32 include in this variable. Likert scale is used in this variable to find required results.

Adapters:This will tell us how people change their mind which they see things. Question 29, 30 include in

this variables. Likert scale is used in these variables.

Budget, Schedule, & Resources:This study will have a modest budget of RS. 400that will cover the cost of photocopies to

produce the required questionnaire and cover letter. A Microsoft Project schedule outlining the

tasks required to complete this study on time .To help reduce the cost of gathering the data, the

group has decided that all group members will be required to gather an equal number of

completed surveys so that the group will not have to pay for this service. Also the group has

determined that the survey administers must be granted access to all Blocks in the IIUI New

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Campus in order to gather the required number of samples using the sampling technique

described in the Sampling Procedure.

RESULTSSignificance LevelWe strived to meet at least 95% significance for all of our tests. All of our analysis meets the

95% significance level although we realize not everything with a high significance level is

actually relevant. Unless otherwise noted we stated only significant and relevant results.

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Descriptive Statistics

Following is table summarizes general descriptive statistics of your sample population.

Sample mean age: 2.10 i.e. 23.3 (approx.)

GenderMale

55.2%

Female

44.8%

Income

class

Lower

middle

19.2%

Upper middle

73.6%

Upper class

7.2%

Age18-20

25.6%

21-23

48%

24-26

18.4%

Above 26

8%

Father’s

education

Under

matric

11.2%

Matric

15.2%

Intermediate

12.8%

Graduate

32.8%

Masters

18.4%

MS

9.6%

Father’s

occupation

Govt.

servant

40.8%

Businessman

20.0%

Private

servant

12.0%

Armed

servant

8.0%

Labor

3.2%

Farmer

8.8%

Unemployed

2.4%

Civil

servant

4.8%

ProvincePunjab

54.4%

Sindh

5.6%

Balouchistan

6.4%

KPK

23.2%

Gilgit

baltistan

0.8%

Tribal

areas

6.4%

Islamabad

3.2%

LanguageUrdu

34.4%

Punjabi

29.6%

Pashto

19.2%

Sindhi

4.8%

Barohi

0.8%

Pothwari

7.2%

Balouchi

3.2%

Saraiki

0.8%

CGPA0.0-2.5

7.2%

2.6-3.0

36.8%

3.1-3.5

34.4%

3.6-4.0

21.6%

Hobbies Reading

26.4%

Travelling

26.4%

Research

8.8%

Sleeping

15.2%

Watching

TV

Gardening

4.8%

teaching

4.0%

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14.4%

Inferential Statistics After compiling all the data we performed a variety of statistical tests to see if there were any

relationships between our dependent variable, knowledge, CGPA and all the independent variables which

include: . Analysis as simple as frequencies and descriptive statistics helped describe our population and

lead us to more sophisticated analysis such as multiple regression, simple regression, factor analysis and t-

tests.

Variable Test Result Significance

Level

Appendix

Gender ANOVA Significant .022 1

Gender T-Test Significant .000 2

Exploration ANOVA Significant .002 3

Interest ANOVA Significant .039 4

Interest, Exploration and KnowledgeWe have done this test on Genders and three questions that are Interest,

Exploration. After performing ANOVA and T-Test we see the relationship between interest

and knowledge. If a person is interested in the study he/she is getting then it will going to lead

knowledge.

In our Results Mean of the question of the first variable bend towards Female (2.2679) as their

Mean is more than the Mean of Men i.e. (1.9855). As we move towards our second variable that

is Exploration. Here we see that women are much exploratory as compare to Men. The mean of

Female is (2.3571) whereas the mean of Men’s Exploration level (1.9130). It shows that Men

slightly less interested in exploration. As we applied Levene Test we noticed that the

significance of this variable is 99.8%. {Exhibit *2}So the more proportion of Female tends toward knowledge as compare to men.

Innovation, Devotion and Knowledge AttitudeAs we applied our statistics on other two variables i.e. innovation and devotion we

noticed that again Females are much innovative as compared to Males. This also shows that

Female applies more innovation in their knowledge. The statistics shown that Mean of Female

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(2.1786) and mean of Male (1.7391) and the Significance of this result after levene test is 92%

and significance after ANOVA Test is 99.2%.

As we applied all these tests on Devotion and knowledge attitude significance after

ANOVA is 98.3%. This shows that Female are much devoted to their studies as compare to

opposite sex.

Motivation, Gender and Knowledge AttitudeAs we applied our statistics on motivation and gender we see the significance that is

99.4% and a mean of Mean male (2.3478) and female (3.000). So it shows the high motivation

level of women as compare to men. The attitude towards knowledge is positive for the Females it

is because of the interest of females to grow and carelessness of Men. {Exhibit: Graph 1}

Lack of Confidence, Different Provinces and Impact on CGPA: When we applied our tests on the people of different provinces, either they feel

comfortable while dealing with public or not. The result we got after analysis is that people from

Islamabad region feel much comfortable while dealing with public. Their mean is (3.7500)

whereas the people from Gilgit Baltistan feel shy while dealing with public, their mean is

(1.0000). After ANOVA test, we saw that the significance of this test is 99.8%.

CGPA as a Job SecurityAs we applied one way ANOVA and Descriptive mean test on the following variables.

The results we get are more males are sure to get good job based on their good CGPA as

compared to women.

The Mean of Men (2.8406) and Women (2.1964), significance is 99.7%. This shows a clear

picture of this relationship.

Hard work, Attitude towards knowledgeWe did ANOVA, Levene and Descriptive Tests on this variable and we get following

results: Mean of Male (2.2174) and Female (1.8571) and significance is 0.087. So this variable

tells more satisfaction level of doing hard work in Males as Compare to Females.

Income class, ExplorationAfter applying T-Test on income class and exploration we see that data is negatively

skewed -2.675 and -3.691 respectively. The significance according to this test is 99.2% and

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100% respectively. Between the lower and upper middle class people more prefer trips. This is

shown by mean (1.8800) for income and (1.7200) for the preference of trips. It shows that people

of this category.

Benchmark, Age and Level of CGPAAfter applying t-test on age and benchmark which people mostly keep as their standard of

achievement. People between the age group of 21-23 set their benchmark of CGPA comparable to their Siblings. Mean of age (2.0880) and mean of benchmark is (2.6160), t is 1.130 for age and 3.312 for benchmark. This data is 99.8% Significant. {Exhibit Graph 2}Greed, Province and CGPA

After applying t-test on province and level of greediness for getting CGPA we saw that

people belong from Sindh and Baluchistan are slightly greedy than the people of other provinces

in Pakistan. Mean of Province is (2.4560) and the mean of Greed is (2.808) and t-test of province

is 2.685 and t-test of Greed is 3.126. This data is 99.8% significant.

Limited to Books, Father’s Occupation and CGPAAfter applying t-test on limited to books and father’s income and their impact on CGPA

we saw that people whose fathers are Businessmen and Private Servant tend to limited to their

books only. Mean of father’s occupation is (2.7280) and mean of limited to Books is (2.4000). T-

test of father’s occupation is (3.890) and t-test of limited to Books is (4.624). This data is 100%

significant.

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1. Males are more likely to watch discovery documentaries.

Sig=0.001 Mean (Female) 2.2679 Mean of (Men) 1.9855

2. Male tends to explore things more than female. {Exhibit 3}

Sig=0.001 T-test 1.16 Mean of Female is (2.3571) the mean of Men (1.9130)

3. Female spend more time reading about companies.

Sig= .0983 Mean of Female (2.1786) and mean of Male (1.7391)

4. Females like more to educational celebrities than males

Sig=0.04 Mean male (2.3478) female (3.000) T-test

5. Sig= .002 Islamabad mean is (3.7500) Gilgit Baltistan Mean 1.0 T-test

6. Females are more hard workers than males.

Sig=0.087 Mean of Male (2.2174) and Female (1.8571) T-test

7. Person who belong to a farmer family they are interested to implement bookish

knowledge in real life. {Exhibit 1}

Sig=0.020 T-test=-1.454 Mean (Government servant)= 2.2941( businessman)=

2.56( private servant)=2.86 (armed servant)=2.36( labor) =2.0( farmer)=1.72

(unemployed)=3.66 ( civil servant)=2.50 {Exhibit 1 Descriptive}

8. People who belong to unemployed family they feel good when they get good Grades.

Sig=0.020 T-test=-0.743 Means (Government servant)=2.52 ( businessman)=2.36

( private servant)=2.66 (armed servant)=2.0 ( labor) =1.75 ( farmer)=4.4

(unemployed)=1.6 ( civil servant)=3.5 {Exhibit4}

9. People who relates to armed servant are more likely to adapt existing system.

Sig=0.27 {Exhibit 5} T-test=-1.007Mean(Government servant)=3.07

( businessman)=2.84 ( private servant)=3.26 (armed servant)=3.3 ( labor) =2.25

( farmer)=2.36 (unemployed)=2.0 ( civil servant)=2.0 {Exhibit4}

10. Upper class like trips more than Lower middle and Lower class

Sig= 0.05 T-Test=22.677 Mean (lower class) = 2.833 (lower middle) =1.6522 (Upper

class) =1.44

11. Lower class more tends to Hiking trips whereas upper class more like Safari trips

Sig=.004 T-Test= 22.699 Mean (lower) = 2.75 (lower middle) =1.967 (upper class) = 2.0

12. Above Masters Father’s education are conscious about brands.

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13. Sig= .003 T-Test=0 .41 Mean (Under Matric) = 3.0 (Matric) =2.36 (Graduate) = 2.51

(Masters)

14. Punjabi are more like trips. {Exhibit 6}

Sig=2.29 T-test=-16.873 Urdu=1.62 Punjabi=1.54 Pashto=1.92 sindhi2.0 Barohi=4.0

Pothwari=1.55 Baluchi=2.5Saraiki=2.0

15. People who are from Islamabad don’t feel comfortable while baluchi feel comfortable

{Exhibit 7}Sig= 0.003 T-test -7.588 Urdu=2.34 Punjabi= 2.10Pashto=2.41sindhi=3.5

Barohi=2.0Pothwari=2.2Baluchi=1.5Saraiki=5.0

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DiscussionMany of our research findings corroborated previous research performed on the subject of

Knowledge and CGPA. We found significant relationships between income class, exploration and ability

of innovation, demographics, attitudes toward knowledge and CGPA, the number of years in school and a

student’s devotion. Some interesting areas where we did not find any significant relationships were

father’s education and father’s occupation and how they planned to spend time on their studies .Many of

our more ambitious goals were thwarted by bad question selection and/or difficult coding. Some

questions were too ambiguous and we had to throw them out and some were too general and ended up

being irrelevant. We learned we need to carefully craft simple, yet effective questions which measure

only what they are intended to measure and nothing else. Furthermore we needed a bigger sample size in

order have more decisive results. Oftentimes we didn’t have a sufficient number of respondents in one

category, such as income class because most of the time People do not want to tell their personal income,

to draw any conclusive results.

Nonetheless we were able to draw handsome number of quantitative correlations between

different variables proposed in research model. Thus fulfilling the more than basic requirements of the

research project and at the same time this project brings forth unknown relationships among different

players in the education field.

ConclusionThe results of this study allowed us to answer some of our original questions and certainly led to a

greater understanding of the subject matter, as well as the statistical techniques used. In many ways the

results have led to even more questions and we are left to wonder what other relationships there might be

between knowledge verses CGPA and other variables. That being said we can draw the following

conclusions from our work:

Females are more likely bend toward the exploration as we find in our research. It means that girls

are more explorative now- a-days as compare to boys. They want to learn more things and apply

in their life as compared to boys.

Females do get more scholarships than males but this is causing her more study work stress on

their minds to maintain their CGPA to get benefit of their scholarship for a long.

As we see the income rise among the parents of the students their interest in getting studies is

lacking and this leads them towards the less interest in knowledge as well as CGPA.

Most of the people between the age group of twenty-one to twenty-three belong from the area of

Sindh and Baluchistan is slightly greedier of getting good grades instead of getting knowledge.

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An interesting fact is also found in our research is that the students whose father’s occupation is

private servant and business man are limited to books and get higher grades based on their

bookish information instead of getting knowledge.

Another fact is found in our research most of the people want to get good CGPA to cope with

their siblings as their parents and society push them towards getting good grades. Most of the

parents compare their good children in their own interested students in the field with dull child in

the same field.

There is certain percentage of students on whom their degree is imposed and not of their own

choice. Although they are less in number but it matters a lot in their study and attitude towards

knowledge getting.

Hard Work is always good. It is seen in our research that people who are hardworking are more

likely bend towards the knowledge. But it is also noticed that some people do hard work for their

bookish information because they cram the things only.

Most of the people feel their selves secure for getting good job based on their CGPA in future. So

this is the main cause of people to get CGPA and they are going far from getting knowledge.

People from the area of Islamabad feel more comfort while dealing with the public as compared

to the people of Gilgit Baltistan as they feel shy while dealing with public.

Students whose father’s education is above masters they are more brand conscious as compared to

others.

Lower class people mostly like Hiking trips and upper class like safari trips. This shows the level

of exploration and physical fitness among the class difference. Low class people are more

explorative as compare to upper class.

Motivation level of female is more than males according to results of the report. It means that the

females are more motivated than males which their interest in getting knowledge.

People from the far areas are more conscious of getting knowledge of things as compared to urban

areas. But urban area people have more access towards getting information to increase their

knowledge.

References References that are used in this project are as follows:

Class lectures

Questionnaire

Group discussion:

22

Internet

Classroom

{Exhibit 1}ANOVA

23

Sum of

Squares

df Mean

Square

F Sig.

do you like to

implement bookish

knowlwdge in real

life?

Between

Groups15.070 7 2.153 2.496 .020

Within

Groups100.930 117 .863

Total 116.000 124

if you get 3gpa you

feel good?

Between

Groups134.302 7 19.186 2.491 .020

Within

Groups901.090 117 7.702

Total 1035.392 124

do you like to adapt

existing system?

Between

Groups17.473 7 2.496 2.367 .027

Within

Groups123.375 117 1.054

Total 140.848 124

{Exhibit *2}ANOVA

Sum of Square

s dfMean

Square F Sig.do you like watching discovery documentaries?

Between Groups 4.536 4 1.134 1.419 .232

Within Groups 95.896 120 .799

Total 100.432 124

have you ever tried to open your toy in your childhood?

Between Groups 18.530 4 4.632 4.415 .002

Within Groups

125.902 120 1.049

Total 144.432 124

{Exhibit 3 }

One-Sample Test

Test Value = 2

24

t df Sig. (2-

tailed)

Mean

Difference

95% Confidence

Interval of the

Difference

Lower Upper

gender

-

12.36

1

124 .000 -.55200 -.6404 -.4636

have you ever

tried to open your

toy in your

childhood?

1.160 124 .248 .11200 -.0791 .3031

{Exhibit 2 }

One-Sample Test

Test Value = 0

t df Sig. (2-

tailed)

Mean

Difference

95% Confidence Interval

of the Difference

Lower Upper

gender 32.424 124 .000 1.44800 1.3596 1.5364

do you spend time

in reading things

about any

company?

27.359 124 .000 2.72000 2.5232 2.9168

\

{Exhibit 1 Descriptive}

25

have

you e

ver t

ried t

o ope

n yo

ur to

y in y

our c

hildh

ood?

6.00

5.00

4.00

3.00

2.00

1.00

0.00

Frequency40 30 20 10 0

have you ever tried to open your toy in your childhood?

6.00

5.00

4.00

3.00

2.00

1.00

0.00

Frequency403020100

genderfemalemale

{Exhibit 6}

ANOVA

Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.

do you like trips?

Between Groups 10.909 7 1.558 2.329 .029

Within Groups 78.291 117 .669

Total 89.200 124

do you feel comfortable while

dealing with people?

Between Groups 20.328 7 2.904 3.357 .003

Within Groups 101.224 117 .865

Total 121.552 124

26

{Exhibit Graph 2}

ageabove 2624-2621-2318-20

cgpa

3.6-4.0

3.1-3.5

2.6-3.0

0-2.5