SCOPE AND DELIMITATIONS

This study focuses on the Out of School Youth in Matnog, Sorsogon. This involves a survey for those who are out of school youth. The selection of respondents are only limited since there are lots of people in Matnog who cannot attend formal school.

This research is designed to have a thorough knowledge of problems of youths on why they cannot attend a formal school. And how to them solve their problems by being aware of the programs of Department of Education.

PRESENTATION OF DATA

SURVEY QUESTION

1. What is your highest educational attainment?

Did not attend School Pre-School Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4

Grade 5 Grade 6 1st year High School 2nd year High School 3rd year High School 4th year High School

2. What is your reason for not attending formal school?

No school within the Barangay No regular transportation High cost of Education Illness / Disability Lack of interest Cannot cope with School work

3. What is your classification of household member?

Non-literate Drop out Elementary Drop out Secondary Drop out Tertiary Employed

4. Are you willing to continue your studies with the help of the programs of DepEd? (ALS, TESDA, etc.)

Yes No

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The importance of this study is that every one of us becomes knowledgeable about the youth who is not lucky to attend a formal school because of many problems. This study can also help the people to realize the importance of having good education and it also for the government to make a solution in order for the youth to have a better education.

INTRODUCTION

“Education is the key to success.” Nobody can deny the hard fact that education is an extremely important for bringing change in the lives of individual but not all of us were given a chance to attend a formal school. It has universally been recognized as the most powerful instrument for gearing up the socio-economic development of the nation.

Out of school youth means having a vulnerable people who have needs. In fact, it can be said that it is pre-condition for the overall up-lift and welfare of nation. This is why investment in education is considered to be vital for human resource development and the enhancement of the quality of manpower. It is clear that the composition and characteristics of this most crucial part of population goes along the way in the process of national development of the policy makers and planners in their planning and decision making for the future.

According to the Law, every child must attend a formal school were he/she wants. The government should ensure and support the education of every child. That’s why the Department of Education offers free education to all. But this is not really applied by other institutions for they are concern on the salary of the teachers especially in private school.

Public schools offer free tuition for enrollment for elementary but also in High School students. This may count for high enrollment in schools, although the enrollment has a high result, many poor families in unable to finance the ancillary school needs of their children. The reason why out of school youth happens because of the problems in the family that forces a teenager to work early that they shouldn’t be.

Department of Education has now a program for out of school youth which is the Alternative Learning System (ALS) in which all the non-schoolers are given opportunity to pursue schooling. And even for those who are already married, they can still attend this program if they want to have a certificate that will help them find a better job. Also, for those who are dropped out in Elementary and Secondary School may have a chance to attend the Tertiary level by passing the examination.

SUMMARY

The study entitled “Percentage of Out of School Youth in the year 2011” who availed the ALS program of Department of Education, aimed to determine the percentage of Out of School Youth. What are the factors that affect them to be dropped and what is their highest educational attainment.

The respondents in this study have a total of 30 youth. Out of this are 21 males and 9 females.

To gather data, we conducted a questionnaire to the respondents. The data gathered were properly analyzed and interpreted accordingly.

The statistical measures used were frequency and rank form.

FINDINGS

18 out of 30 respondents attained in Secondary

6 out of 30 respondents are employed

4 out of 30 respondents attained in Tertiary

2 out of 30 respondents attained in Elementary

Almost all the respondents want to continue their studies with the help of the program of Department of Education which is Alternative Learning System

Rank 1 is the High cost of Education got 15 respondents

Rank 2 is the No regular transportation got 6 respondents

Rank 3 is the Illness/Disability got 4 respondents

Rank 4 is the Cannot cope with School works got 3 respondents

Rank 5 is the Lack of Interest got 2 respondents

Rank 6 is the No School within the Barangay got 0 respondents

This high cost of Education is the major factor that affects the respondents in Barangay Tabunan, Matnog, Sorsogon and it followed by the No regular transportation because of the poverty.

METHODOLOGY

RESEARCH METHOD

To achieve our objectives, we use questionnaires to gather data from the respondents who are out of school youth in Barangay Tabunan, Matnog, Sorsogon.

THE RESPONDENTS

The respondents in this study made questionnaire. And this questionnaire was submitted and was checked by our professor. The final questionnaire was ready for administration.

GATHERING DATA PROCEDURE

The researcher interviewed the respondents with the guided questionnaire personally. After two days, the researcher was done interviewing them and later that, the researcher tabulated, analyzed and interpreted accordingly.

STATISTICAL TREATMENT OF DATA

After the tabulation of data, the statistical treatment used was the frequency and rank form.

RELATED LITERATURE

(1) Out-of-school youth can go to summer school. The Department of Education (DepEd) is inviting out-of-school youth to attend a summer class where alternative lessons will be taught using “learning-friendly strategies.” In a statement, Education Secretary Armin Luistro said the initiative was part of the department’s move to make education more accessible and inclusive to all learners. “We are calling on children and youth who have not been to school to attend this summer class which was specifically designed for them,” said Luistro. Called the alternative delivery mode (ADM) summer program, the class caters to all youth regardless of gender; physical, intellectual, social condition and linguistic background. This includes high school dropouts, Luistro added. The program aims to address concerns on access and quality of education in elementary and secondary levels. Luistro instructed all regional ADM teams to meet with division coordinators and launch a massive information campaign to reach the targeted summer class attendees. “We are likewise enlisting the support of other education stakeholders such as parent-teachers associations, local government units, alumni associations as well as barangay personnel to help the DepEd bring these learners to the summer class,” Luistro said. Registration was conducted during the four Saturdays of February. Paper work, however, is required in case of loss or inadequate registration documents (such as an elementary certificate of graduation, elementary card or high school report card of the last year attended). Interested attendees are required to secure a certification from their local government and the local office of the Department of Social Welfare and Development. The certification should express the willingness of the institution to temporarily act as guardian and assist the prospective enrollee in the submission of the required documents. The department did not say how many out-of-school youth actually enrolled or were able to comply with all the documentation requirements.

(2) Scholarship grants for out-of-school youth offered. The Department of Labor and Employment 11 is encouraging the out-of-school youth to avail of the scholarship grants under Dole's Training for Work Scholarship Program. Allan Baban, head of the technical support and system division, said the labor department in Davao Region is eyeing from 7,000 to 8,000 out-of-school youth to be enrolled this year. The program is part of the Special Program for Employment of Students (Spes). Baban said they will single out qualified applicants from the 32 municipalities here in the region. For the program, Dole 11 has tied up with the Technical Educational Skills and Development Authority (Tesda), which is the leading organization to conduct trainings for the students for this undertaking.

Also, only those who are aged 15 to 25 years old can avail of the scholarship, and have not yet availed any of the scholarship programs of the Tesda, be it under the TWSP or Private Education Student Financial Assistance (Pesfa). The Dole 11 added that students must at least reached high school level, adding that the annual net income of their respective parents should not exceed the latest annual regional poverty threshold level for a family of six members. Before the approval of their application, the students must present at least an average passing rate during the last school term. To avail of the scholarship program, an applicant must secure a Spes application form and Tesda trainee profile form, birth certificate or a document that shows date of birth, and the latest form 318. Applicants must submit these documents, along with the copy of parents' latest income tax returns or any certification from the BIR or the Barangay Chairperson that justifies they are exempted from tax payment, and a certificate of good moral character. The training duration will last from 20 days or 160 hours to 52 days or 416 hours. Forty percent of the salary of these applicants will come from the labor department and the other 60 percent will be coming from the agency or the local government unit.

(3)ASEM Trust Fund for the Asian Financial Crisis Implementation Completion Memorandum Philippine Out-of-School Children and Youth Development (POSCYD) Project ASEM Trust Fund No. 023514. In the Philippines, the trend for the past ten years show that for every 10 pupils who enroll in grade school, only 7 graduate. The same ratio is experienced among the high school students. Main reasons cited for dropping-out are mostly poverty related. While basic education is free, many poor families are unable to finance the ancillary school needs of their children. Deprived of completing high school education, the out-of-school youth are further marginalized from acquiring technical skills. As mandated by the law, technical education in the Philippines is a post secondary course. The continuing inability of many poor young people to complete basic education and/or undertake technical education, consign them to the vicious cycle of poverty. Their lack of education constrains their access to better-paying jobs or ability to succeed in entrepreneurial pursuits, all of which require higher degree of literacy. Workers with solid foundation in technical education, have better chances of landing jobs. Amidst increasing incidence of out of school youth exacerbated by political and economic crises, the project seeks to: 1. develop and test mechanisms that will enable children in the age group 7 to 14 to be schooled or remain in school; and 2. pilot the implementation of an employment and entrepreneurship program for youth in the 15 to 24 year age group, integrating technical skills development with life skills development. TF no. 023514 was implemented in conjunction with TF no. 023513, which is bank managed. Achievement of Trust Fund Objectives1 under TF no. 023514, a total of 16 sub-projects was funded from ASEM World Bank grant to the POSCYD Project.

(4) Youth who do not attend school or who drop out prematurely miss many of the fundamentals of basic education. They also lose a valuable opportunity to learn about

reproductive health and HIV in a stable classroom situation. Such youth are vulnerable to misinformation from unreliable sources or may possibly never learn about the issues at all. While some parents fulfill their roles as educators by openly discussing these health concerns with their children, others avoid the topic because of embarrassment of lack of knowledge or skills. In some parts of the world, too, a growing number of out-of-school youth have lost their parents to AIDS.Program planners can think of out-of-school youth as falling into two main categories: mainstream or especially vulnerable youth. The mainstream out-of-school youth include girls, who typically receive less education than boys in the developing world; pregnant girls and married adolescents, who often drop out of school; and those rural boys and girls who have no access to formal schooling. Youth who are especially vulnerable and socially marginalized include street children, orphans, migrants, child soldiers, refugees, drug users, and adolescent sex workers. Program planners and policy-makers must consider the differing needs of these two groups when developing reproductive health and HIV prevention programs for out-of-school youth. Generally speaking, interventions should include one or more of these goals: Encourage young people to stay in or return to school Provide out-of-school youth with accurate information on reproductive health and HIV issues and services, and offer them training on communication and negotiation skills. Provide them with appropriate reproductive health and HIV/AIDS services, tailored to meet their specific needs

Importance of the study

It could be called an epidemic: nearly one-third of the nation’s high school students do not graduate. More and more, they drop out in 9th and 0th grade. They leave school for all kinds of reasons: lack of engagement and connection with schools and learning, family problems, early parenthood, substance abuse, justice system involvement, or even for their own safety. But “out-of-school youth” come in more varieties than just dropouts. Such a youth may be a pregnant or parenting teen who successfully graduated from high school, a high school graduate unable to find a job or working only part time, a runaway or homeless youth, a dyslexic young adult who struggles with reading, or a person with limited English skills. WIA’s definition of out-of-school youth includes both dropouts as well as those who have received a high school diploma or the equivalent, but lack the skills they need to pursue postsecondary education or who are unemployed or underemployed. Kerka, in “Strategies for Serving Out-of-School Youth,” outlines the challenges of serving this population:

• Engaging them in education and training programs, because, as Grossman suggests, they may be cynical about adults and the world of work and disconnected from schooling

• Keeping them long enough to have an impact, because they may need to work for immediate income or have other challenges that hinder regular attendance

• Preparing them for competence in the labor market, because many youth need extensive remediation in basic skills

• Addressing their needs comprehensively and holistically, because too many programs offer only a year or less of services Out-of-school youth may be more challenging for WIA youth programs, not only because of the multiple barriers they face, but also because they are not a “captive audience” like in-school youth. How can programs reach out to these youth, reconnect them with opportunities, and give them hope for the future.

Figure 1: Total Respondents in Barangay Tabunan, Matnog, Sorsogon

Table 1: Highest Educational Attainment

EDUACATIONAL ATTAINMENT FREQUENCY RANK

Did not attend school 0 5

Pre School 0 5

Grade 1 1 4

Grade 2 0 5

Grade 3 0 5

Grade 4 0 5

Grade 5 1 4

Grade 6 3 3

1st year High School 7 2

2nd year High School 3 3

3rd year High School 7 2

4th year High School 8 1

Purok 27

Purok 311

Purok 47

Purok 15

Table 2: Factors Affecting Educational Status

REASONS FREQUENCY RANK

No school within the Barangay

0 6

No regular transportation 6 2

High cost of Education 15 1

Illness/ Disability 4 3

Lack of Interest 2 5

Cannot cope with school work

3 4

Table 3: Classification of Household Members

CLASSIFICATION FREQUENCY RANK

Non-literate 0 5

Drop out Elementary 2 4

Drop out Secondary 18 1

Drop out Tertiary 4 3

Employed 6 2

ANALYSIS

We found out that the major problem that the out of school youth is the a high cost of education that we all know there are lots of people who are suffering from poverty their parents cannot afford their studies and so how they can pay for their education. Almost all of the respondents are drop in the secondary and tertiary level because of that problem. In our interview all of the respondents want to have a good education they want to go to school if there is an opportunity.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/152383/out-of-school-youth-can-go-to-summer-school

http://www.sunstar.com.ph/davao/business/2012/05/06/scholarship-grants-out-school-youth-offered-220118

http://www.iywg.org/youth/topics/out_of_school

St. Louise de Marillac College of SorsogonHigher Education Department

Sorsogon City

Submitted by:

JUSHABETH G. GARCERAPATRICK DONGSAO

Submitted to:

MRS. JANET P. LADISLAProfessor

Summer Class 2012