Research Group: United Nations Studies in Peace and Justice Summary of Activities

Annual Report 2019

Prof. Alanna O’Malley

June 2020

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ABOUT THE RESEARCH GROUPUNITED NATIONS STUDIES IN PEACE AND JUSTICE

Background and Mission The aim of the United Nations (UN) Studies Chair is to ultimately change perceptions of the UN. The Chair is designed to connect the academic study of the UN system with the strong civil society in The Hague, especially the existing UN agencies and the wider public. It will act as an umbrella to connect these different dimensions and acts as a focal point for activities relating to the UN and associated ideas of global governance in the area of peace and justice.

The Chair provides a unique opportunity to bring together a diverse set of actors relating to the UN and its activities in order to improve public visibility of and engagement with the organization. It is doing so through the execution of the research projects below and the creation of a UN Studies Research Group which has connected expertise at The Hague University of Applied Sciences (THUAS) with Leiden University.

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Research Themes

There are three priority research areas for the Chair:

1. ‘Challenging the Liberal World Order from Within, The Invisible History of the United Nations and the Global South, 1945-1981.’ (INVISIHIST) ERC Starting Grant, January 2020-September 2025.

2. Women and Peacebuilding, A Multilevel Perspective.

3. What Does the UN Mean to the Youth? A project in association with the Van Aartsen Honours Program and the PRE-programme of Leiden University.

Global Governance

In 2019, the first steps were taken for the integration of our research group into the Centre of Expertise on Global Governance. Together with the research groups Multilevel Regulation (Barbara Warwas) and Changing Role of Europe (Mendeltje van Keulen) we drafted a first joint annual plan centered around the theme of ‘New Actors, New Solutions’.

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ABOUT THE LECTOR

Prof. Alanna O’Malley

Alanna O’Malley is professor of United Nations Studies in Peace and Justice at The Hague University of Applied Sciences and Leiden University. She completed a PhD at the European University Institute (EUI) in Florence from 2007-2012. In 2009, she was a Visiting Scholar at New York University, in Spring 2017 a Kathleen Fitzpatrick Visiting Fellow at the Laureate Research Program in International History at the University of Sydney and from August 2017-February 2018 she was a Fulbright Research Scholar at the History Department of George Washington University in Washington D.C. In 2019 she was awarded a Starting Grant from the European Research Council (ERC) for her new research project ‘Challenging the Liberal World Order from Within, The Invisible History of the UN and the Global South’.

Over de lector

David den DunnenSmall states on the UN Security CouncilLeider van de onderzoeksgroep, Smart David den Dunnen has been a lecturer in International Law and Legal Skills at The Hague University of Applied Sciences since 2010. He currently teaches courses on the law of international organizations, international security, and legal analysis and decision-making skills. David serves as a study coach and coordinates Y1 Tutoring. He is secretary of the Programme Committee for HBO-Rechten/Law. In September 2019 David will also join the Faculty’s research group of UN Studies in Peace and Justice. Previously, David served as the editor of Atlantisch Perspectief (2003-2010), a Dutch journal on international security, and published various articles. In 2001 he conducted an internship at the European Parliament. David holds an LL.M. in European, international and comparative law from Maastricht University (2002) and did his exchange at the Université d’Aix-Marseille III, France. He took the course International Security Issues at the Clingendael Institute in 2002 and participated in The Hague Academy’s Public International Law summer course (2016).The Hague University of Applied Sciences

Members of the Research Group

Menandro S. Abanes PhDEducating for Peace Menandro S. Abanes is a researcher and development worker who has more than 16 years of experience in the field. He earned a fellowship from the Ford-Foundation Graduate Degree for Southeast Asian Development Practitioners for his MA in Anthropology with special focus on development studies at the Institute of Philippine Culture (IPC) – Ateneo de Manila University. Then, he was awarded a scholarship by Nippon Foundation to specialize in International Peace Studies at the United Nations-mandated University for Peace in Costa Rica. In 2010, he joined a research project financed by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO), Ethno-religious conflicts in Indonesia and the Philippines (ERCIP) as a doctoral researcher at Radboud University Nijmegen in the Netherlands. In 2014, he earned his PhD in Social Science. He is currently a lecturer at Safety and Security Management Studies (SSMS) at The Hague University of Applied Sciences.The Hague University of Applied Sciences

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ABOUT THE LECTOR

Reitse KeizerFocuses on UN’s role in international financial-economic relations and the development of economic thinkingReitse Keizer (MA Political Economics, Rotterdam) is researcher at the UN Studies research group of THUAS. With specialisations in history of economic thinking and monetary economics he focuses on UN’s role in international financial-economic relations and the development of economic thinking. He contributes to the minor Peacebuilding and is co-author/editor of the study book Wereld in Beweging (Dutch). He also works as researcher at the “New Finance Lectoraat” of THUAS.The Hague University of Applied Sciences

Szilvia CsevárWomen and Peacebuilding, A Multilevel PerspectiveSzilvia Csevár is a lecturer in Public International Law at The Hague University of Applied Sciences (THUAS). She also holds a researcher position at the Chair/Lectorate of UN Studies in Peace and Justice, shared between Leiden Univer-sity and THUAS, her research focusing on indigenous rights in the context of envi-ronmental justice and conflict prevention. She worked with the UN-backed Special Court for Sierra Leone for several years as a Legal Researcher. Other professional activities included serving as Registrar with the International Peoples Tribunal on Crimes against Humanity in Indone-sia 1965, as well as chairing the working group International Protection of Human Rights of the Dutch section of the Inter-national Commission of Jurists.The Hague University of Applied Sciences

Christine TremblayWomen and Peacebuilding, A Multilevel PerspectiveChristine M. G. Tremblay is Lecturer of International Law at The Hague University of Applied Sciences and an external PhD candidate at Leiden University. Her PhD research focuses on feminist scholarship and its impact on International Criminal Law since 1991. She obtained her law degree from McGill University in 1999 and is a member of the Quebec Bar. She obtained her LLM (adv.) from Leiden University in 2002. She has previously occupied the positions of General Coordinator of the Grotius Centre for International Legal Studies, and Managing Editor of the Leiden Journal of International Law.The Hague University of Applied Sciences

Saskia RademakerWomen and Peacebuilding, A Multilevel PerspectiveSaskia Rademaker is researcher at the UN Studies Lectorate at The Hague University of Applied Sciences. She is a PhD candidate at the Faculty of Governance and Global Affairs at Leiden University, focusing on female peacekeepers. She is coordinator of the minor Making Peace not War, and co-author/editor of the textbook Wereld in Beweging (Dutch). Besides her research activities Saskia works as a policy advisor at the department of Education, Knowledge and Communication at The Hague University of Applied Sciences.The Hague University of Applied Sciences

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Ford Brodeur(Student Assistant)Within the fields of International Relations and Diplomacy, he is greatly interested in Peace-Building Operations, Conflict and Environmental Sustainability. Ford was an International Relations master student at Leiden University and intern of the research group in 2019. As social media expert he contributed to our communication activities.Leiden University

Tom BuitelaarTom Buitelaar is PhD student in Political Science at the European University Institute, where he’s working under the supervision of Professor Jennifer Welsh. In his dissertation, he investigates the how the UN balances peace and justice in its peace operations. For the UN Studies Chair/Lectorate, he is organizing an event on peacekeeping to take place on 29 May, International Peacekeepers Day.European University Institute

Vanessa NewbyVanessa Newby is an Assistant Professor at Leiden University and author of Peacekeeping in South Lebanon: Credibility and Local Cooperation with Syracuse University Press (2018). She has a PhD in International Relations and her research interests include peacekeeping, peacebuilding, gender and security, informal institutions, and the international relations of the Middle East. Vanessa has conducted research on the Middle East for over twelve years and is an Arabic speaker. She has published in several international peer-reviewed journals such as International Peacekeeping, Contemporary Politics, the Australian Journal of International Affairs, and Third World Quarterly.Leiden University

Benita HicksonBenita Hickson was in 2019 a Research and Education Assistant for the Chair/Lectorate of UN Studies in Peace and Justice, between The Hague University of Applied Sciences and Leiden University. She has a BA in History and Politics from Trinity College, Dublin and an MA in International Relations from Leiden University. She runs the youth leg of the Chair/Lectorate, UN Youth Impact, which aims to engage students in the UN, focusing on helping young people to contribute to the Sustainable Development Goals on a local level.

Diego SalamaDiego Salama is a PhD Candidate in History of International Relations at Leiden University. His research will focus on the history of the United Nations and Peace Operations in the Middle East between 1973 and 1982. In addition, Diego currently works for the United Nations University as a public information officer. Diego holds a BA in Liberal Arts from University College Maastricht and a MA in International Relations (cum laude) from Leiden University. Leiden University

ABOUT THE LECTOR

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RESEARCH PROJECTS

Research group United Nations Studies in Peace and Justice

‘Challenging the Liberal World Order from Within, The Invisible History of the United Nations and the Global South, 1945-1981.’ (INVISIHIST) ERC Starting Grant, January 2020-September 2025

Of the 193 member states of the United Nations (UN), over half belong to the grouping known as the Global South (also called the Developing World or Third World). Since its creation in 1945, Global South actors have sought to redefine political dynamics and change normative practices through the UN. Yet, histories of the organization are predominantly from the Western perspective. Challenging this view, this research will make a ground-breaking contribution to the field, providing a new genealogy of the UN within the contextual frame of global history in order to investigate how Global South actors shaped global order. It will bring together different perspectives of the UN from archives across the Global South, revealing currently invisible histories of the organization by examining how it was developed by Global South actors between 1945-1981.

The project has 3 closely related objectives: 1. To examine how actors from the Global South

changed the UN by developing its functions in the areas of decolonization, economic development and human rights;

2. To trace the ways in which Global South actors challenged the liberal world order as they pursued these rights;

3. To analyse why Global South agency at the UN led to the promotion of some issues and actors and excluded others and ask what the consequences were for order within the Global South. The project’s innovative contribution is in explaining the ways in which the UN has changed over time by placing an emphasis on the dynamic role of Global South actors.

The research will elucidate histories of the ordering role of institutions at a moment when global governance is in crisis and the liberal world order appears to be fragmenting. Its primary impact will be in decolonizing the historiography by highlighting the historical agency of Global South actors, and transposing the importance of the organization in the longer history of the latter half of the twentieth century to provide a truly global history of the UN.

This core research project will form the basis of the academic research programme.

Women and Peacebuilding, A Multilevel Perspective This programme examines women’s involvement in three key areas of peace and conflict: conflict prevention, peacekeeping and the post-conflict/peace-making. Drawing on the Secretary-General’s emphasis on the role of women in conflict prevention in his last report (2018) and Security Council Resolution 1325 the central research question asks; What is the role of women in building sustainable peace?

The project will identify and analyse the specific contribution of women to building sustainable peace from their role in conflict prevention, women as peacekeepers and post-conflict peace-making capacities. It will draw together military and civilian experiences in this field from among member state representatives and relevant civil society actors in The Hague before expanding out to work with relevant field offices and the Department of Peacekeeping Operations in New York. It may also be connected with similar initiatives at SOAS, CUNY and UN Women.

The workshop which was held on this topic in December 2019 yielded a good selection of high-quality academic research.

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What Does the UN Mean to the Youth? A project in association with the Van Aartsen Honours Program and the PRE-programme of Leiden University

This project is focused on working with youth at two levels; in schools and in universities. At the school level, it will work with youth in disadvantaged areas of The Hague. The main aim is to engage the youth in UN ideas and the concept of world citizenship by working with them in weekend workshops and class rooms on relevant topics of global governance, especially the SDGs.

At the university level, this project connects with on-going initiatives among student associations, model UN groups and the Dutch Youth organization. There is a wide range of dynamic activities organized by these groups which can be connected around a joint platform relating to Goal 4 or Goal 16 (Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions). By fostering and promoting these activities, a network of cooperation has been formed, and we have developed a series of initiatives aimed towards the 75th anniversary of the UN in 2020. Through these workshops and programs we are fostering a sustainable network among the youth over time. Thus project works with UN Youth initiatives in this area and is producing a model for cooperation which may be implemented elsewhere.

Van Aartsen Honors Program, UN Schools Project Aim: As explained above, this project aims to bring the UN into focus for second-level students, especially those who may not have had the opportunity to learn about the organisation. It is built around a central question – ‘What does the UN mean for me and my Future?’. This allows the students to gain knowledge and skills through learning but also challenges them to think about the organisation and its relevance for their lives in innovative ways. Moreover, it gives select students from the program an important opportunity to travel to New York and present their projects to the Dutch Ambassador to the UN.

Outcomes:

● A syllabus that can be used and easily updated from year to year so that this program could potentially be expanded to other schools within The Hague and beyond.

● A classroom model for teaching second-level students about the UN that has similar expandability.

● Qualitative data from the students themselves and from the experiences gained during the class that will be organised thematically around the central question in order to begin a new research project on the UN and the youth.

Events (list of some of the events hosted and in which we participated):1. Participation in HHS Kick-off event on Multi Level

Regulation, 5th February 2019.2. ‘Meet a Lector’ event with Law programme,

14th February 2019.3. Discussant, Book Launch, Maartje Abbenhuis,

The Hague Conferences and International Politics, 1898-1915, Peace Palace Library, 19th February 2019.

4. Presentation at SSMS staff meeting, 21 February 2019.

5. Kick-Off Event for research programme of the Chair, 6th March 2019.

6. Prep meetings and draft syllabus for UN Schools project.

7. Presentation at BRV Faculty Day, 11 April 2019.8. ISGA, Diplomacy and Global Affairs Seminar.

Presentation of ERC Project, 11 April 2019.9. Consultation meeting on THNKFST with

HHS 2019-2021.10. Guest Lecture: The UN and NATO, for Mondialisering/

Globalization, 23rd April 2019.11. Guest Lecture: The UN – A crisis of Legitimacy,

17 April 2019, HHS. 12. Talk: ISGA Research Seminar. ‘Challenging the Liberal

World order from Within, The Invisible History of the United Nations and the Global South.’2nd April 2019.

13. Guest Lecture: The UN and International Organization, European Studies Program, 10 May 2019.

14. THUAS: Women in International Law Panel Discussion, 16th May 2019.

15. Jury Member, PRINS, BAIS programme, Wijnhaven 16th May 2019.

16. UN Schools Presentation event, organisation, Wijnhaven 29th May 2019.

17. Essay Contest: ‘Women and the Process of Peace’, organised with the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs to mark International Day of Peacekeepers, 29th

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May 2019. Chairing of presentations and participation in subsequent roundtable debate.

18. ERC, Training Day, Yellow Research, Amsterdam 6th June 2019.

19. ‘Diplomat Drinks’, SIB, University of Amsterdam, 6th June 2019.

20. Just Peace X UN Youth Impact: Statelessness and Peaceful Societies Monday 16th September 2019 The Hague University of Applied Sciences

21. Dreaming big dreams of a future UN: students’ trip to New York City to present their visions of the UN to the Permanent Mission of The Netherlands. (@Traffic: Featured below)

22. UN & Brexit please click here to see the details

23. UN Youth impact just Peace event please click here to see the details

24. Workshop Women and peace please click here to see the details

25. Keynote Severine Autesserre please click here to see the details

26. The Responsibility to Protect please click here to see the details

24th September - The United Nations after BrexitIn the week of the UN General Assembly in New York,on Tuesday 24 September the research groups ofUnited Nations Studies and Changing Role of Europejointly organised a panel discussion on the UN afterBrexit at The Hague University of Applied Sciences.Present on the panel were UK Ambassador to theHague Peter Wilson, and EU Director at the DutchMinistry of Foreign Affairs, Mrs. Lise Gregoire-vanHaaren. The audience during this lively event weresome 90 public officials from embassies and ministries,university lecturers and researchers, and students fromvarious backgrounds. Click here to read the report.REPORT: please click here to see the details

16th September: Statelessness and Peaceful SocietiesUN Youth Impact held an event as part of the Just PeaceFestival in The Hague in September. Comprising of threeelements; a photography exhibition, a crisis simulation,and a keynote speech from Ferry Zandvliet, this eventasked young people to look at the meaning of peace in aless traditional sense. Click here to read the report. please click here to see the details

RESEARCH PROJECTS

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12th December: Debate ‘International Days at the UN’Prof. Monica Baar and Dr. Paul Van Trigt, editors of Diplomatica: A Journal of Diplomacy and Society, hosted a roundtable on a special issue of the Journal. This issue focuses on ‘International Days at the United Nations’. The discussion was chaired by Diplomatica’s Editor in Chief, Prof. Giles Scott-Smith and Prof. Alanna O’Malley provided a short commentary.

18th - 19th December: Conference Where are the women after Resolution 1325?

This two-day academic conference focused on women as agents of peace. With seven panels and eighteen papers that were presented, the conference addressed questions such as the contribution of women as agents of peace in the UN system, and the innovations that exist thatcan help quantitatively and qualitatively improve female participation in the process of peace. Programme: please click here to see the details

18th December: Keynote Severine AutesserreThe keynote speech from Professor Séverine Autesserre, entitled The Frontlines of Peace: An Insider’s Guide to Changing the World, on the 18th December attracted a very large audience. Professor Autesserre is an expert on war, peace, and peacebuilding and has had animpressive career working previously in humanitarian aid.

19th December: R2P (Responsibility to Protect) Panel DiscussionOn 19th December a panel discussion at the Hague Humanity Hub featured the special adviser to the UN Secretary General on The Responsibility to Protect, Dr. Karen Smith, Dr. Eamon Aloyo (Leiden University), and Dr. Cristina G. Stefan (University of Leeds). This paneldiscussed key issues in the context of R2P and was chaired by Prof. Severine Autesserre.

RESEARCH PROJECTS

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From 6-9 July, a group of young students from Edith Stein College, Rijswijk Lyceum and the Johan de Witt School travelled to New York City as part of the Van Aartsen Honours Program to present their visions of the UN to the Permanent Mission of The Netherlands.

The students had taken part in a newly-devised class entitled: ‘The UN and I’ run by the Chair in United Nations Studies in Peace and Justice at Leiden University and The Hague University of Applied Sciences. The class was organized as part of the Van Aartsen Honours Program, which has been established by the City of The Hague to honor the work of former Mayor and Foreign Minister Jozias Van Aartsen.

Others: (list of some of the other talks/lectures/conferences/workshops/teachings):

● Alanna O’Malley ● TEDxFulbright talk, Dublin, 8 September 2018. ● Presentation in Workshop, ‘Global Regionalism,’

Workshop on Global IR, 6th February 2019. ● Talk: ‘Where are the Women in Global Governance?’,

Humanity Hub, 8th March 2019. ● Introduction, FAO Event on Food Security with The

Hague Lions Club, 9th March 2019. ● Talk: ‘Empowering Women in the International Space,

Centre for African Justice, 22nd March 2019. ● Paper, International Studies Association Conference,

Toronto, 28th March 2019. ● Talk: ‘The Diplomacy of Decolonisation,’ Baker Peace

Conference, Ohio University, 29th March 2019. ● Talk for Custodia: International Treaties and the Case of

Human Rights, 8th April 2019. ● Consultation, Global Parliament of Mayors with the City

of The Hague, 10th April, 2019.

● Co-Organization of event, ‘The UN in Times of Global Challenges,’ with NVVN and KNVIR, 18th April 2019.

● Network meeting, UN Studies Research Group, 7th May 2019, Peace Palace Library.

● Co-Organisation with UN Youth Impact, ‘Make it your UN Workshop’, 2 May 2019, HHS.

● Presentation of Research Agenda of Chair, UNRIC, Brussels, 21st May 2019.

● Workshop: ‘The Global South and the Cold War’, Liverpool Johns Moores University, 31st May 2019.

● Teaching: ‘The UN and I, What does the UN mean to me and my future?’ class designed and taught for 5 weeks 1-31 May 2019 with a selection of 2nd level students from schools around The Hague.

● Trip to NYC with 2nd level students from ‘The UN and I’ programme, 6-10 July.

● The UN after Brexit 24th September 2019 The Hague University of Applied Sciences, in co-operation with Mendeltje van Keulen (@Traffic: information and pictures can be taken from here, including the logo of Leiden University, with which the research group co-operates): please click here to see the details

Dreaming Big Dreams of a Future UN

WHAT WE DO

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Mendeltje van Keulen ● Organisation of event: The United Nations After Brexit

Reitse Keizer ● Developed study material for students: “Readers met

(delen van) hoofdstukken uit Wereld in Beweging” ● Development of Singapore: How Singapore developed

and why ● Control on Capital: about Fair Play in the Economy ● Fair Play in the Economy: Keep Control on Capital ● (Substantial contribution to) minor of module:

Fair Play in the Economy: Keep Control on Capital ● (Substantial contribution to) minor of module:

An Uneven Playing Field: the role of Money and Finance in Globalisation

Saskia Rademaker ● Supervision of graduation projects at International

Public Management ● Presentation: Dutch female peacekeepers ● Participation in long-term partnerships with

(professional) practice (eg Innolabs): Secretary Curatorium Chair UN Studies with Leiden University and Municipality of The Hague

Service to Profession (some of the activities): 1. Successful ERC Starting Grant Application, awarded in

July 2019.2. Full Peer Review (7 articles), Diplomatica, Special Issue

on UN Observances, February 2019.3. Trinity Long Room Visiting Research Fellowship COFUND

programme, peer review, February 2019.4. Peer Review Itinerario, April 2019.5. Peer Review, Journal of Genocide Research, April 2019.

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Invisible history of the UN (ERC Starting Grant):The project INVISIHIST began officially on 1 February 2020 and recruitment of the 3 PhD researchers and the postdoc is now in progress. The workshop on women and peace in December 2019 will lead to a special issue of an international journal. A proposal for a structural grant will be developed.

75th United Nations Anniversary EventsTo mark the 75th anniversary of the UN, we decided to convene a series of workshops in areas defined most relevant to the youth. In order to thread together the workshops, each has the same format and will produce a short outcome document. This document will be submitted to the feedback system of the UN, in order to directly connect the outcomes, recommendations and critiques of our events in The Hague with the wider UN agenda. We have designed our events, using the tool box provided by the UN, and will provide valuable input for the UN Youth Agenda 2030, and created UN Youth Impact, a new student-led organisation that works for the establishment of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

1. Education Workshop – 7th March2. Peacekeeping Workshop – 29 June 20203. UN @ 75 Inaugural Van Aartsen Lecture,

‘The Future We Want, the UN We Need.’ October 2020. 4. Gender Equality Workshop – TBD5. Climate Workshop - TBD

UN School kids project will be repeated in 2020, and will lead in 2020-2021 to:

● A syllabus that can be used and easily updated from year to year so that this program could potentially be expanded to other schools within The Hague and beyond.

● A classroom model for teaching second-level students about the UN that has similar expandability.

● Qualitative data from the students themselves and from the experiences gained during the class that will be organised thematically around the central question in order to begin a new research project on the UN and the youth.

Looking ahead at 2020

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List of partners of the research group

● The City of The Hague ● Institute of Security and Global Affairs, Leiden University. ● Students from three schools in The Hague ● PRE-University programme Leiden University ● Johan De Witt Scholengroep ● Rijswijks Lyceum ● Edith Stein College ● Ministry of Foreign Affairs ● Clingendael

Publications (list of some of the publications):

● Submission of article and acceptance in Journal of World History. Publication date Spring 2020.

● Article Review for H-Diplo : Stephen Wertheim, ‘In Instrumental Internationalism: The American Origins of the United Nations, 1940-3,’ Journal of Contemporary History, Special Issue: Dumbarton Oaks, 0 (0), 1-19.’, April 2019.

● Book Chapter: ‘Inside the Glasshouse, The United Nations Secretariat as a site of International Memory’, in Glenda Sluga, Kate Daria-Smith, Madeleine Heren (eds.) Sites of International Memory (Philadelphia PA: Pennsylvania University Press, 2020) Forthcoming.

● Csevár, S.: contributed to the report Gender, Climate and Security please click here to see the details

● Csevár, S. and Tremblay, C., Sexualised Violence and Land Grabbing: forgotten conflict and ignored victims in West Papua. 21 August 2019. please click here to see the details

● Women face an ‘extra responsibility’ in the armed forces 28 Aug 2019|Vanessa Newby

Partners en Publications

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Address and contact details

thehagueuniversity.com

https://www.thehagueuniversity.com/research/research-groups/details/united-nations-studies-in-peace-and-justice

Johanna Westerdijkplein 75 2521 EN The Hague, The Netherlands A.M.Sylver-Omalley@hhs.nl