Irradiation study of Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-6Al-4V-1B for FRIB beam dump: Aida Amroussia, PhD Student
Research Engineer Daido Steel Co. Ltd....DAT5(6Al-4V) DAT54(6Al-4Sn-4Zr-3Mo-1Nb-04Si-0 06C)...
Transcript of Research Engineer Daido Steel Co. Ltd....DAT5(6Al-4V) DAT54(6Al-4Sn-4Zr-3Mo-1Nb-04Si-0 06C)...
Yoshihiko Koyanagi Research Engineer
Daido Steel Co. Ltd.
Development of new gamma TiAl for turbocharger application
Gamma TiAl has a great potential for use in aircraft engine and automobile engine components. Since we demonstrated the potential of gamma TiAl as a turbocharger turbine wheel in 1987, a great effort has been paid in
order to put the gamma TiAl turbine wheel to practical use. Through successful development of gamma TiAl alloy and of processes of casting and joining between the turbine wheel and an alloy steel shaft, we got into mass production of TiAl turbine rotors of turbocharger for passenger car application in 2003. Currently, heat resistance required for turbine wheels has become severe, because of the rise of exhaust gas along with development of fuel
saving technologies to reduce CO2 emission. Therefore, the new gamma TiAl was developed based on a conventional gamma TiAl under mass production. The new gamma TiAl showed high creep and oxidation resistant than the conventional gamma TiAl. In addition, it was confirmed that the new gamma TiAl has equal manufacturability to the conventional gamma TiAl.
Development of new gamma TiAl for turbocharger applicationfor turbocharger application
Y. Koyanagiy gAdvanced Material Research Department
Daido Corporate Research & Development CenterDaido Steel Co Ltd
TITANIUM 2008 2008.9 page 1
Daido Steel Co., Ltd.
Daido’s titanium alloys
Alloy developed by DaidoSportsDAT5(6Al-4V)DAT51(22V-4Al)
CorrosionDT2(CP Ti)
DAT51(22V 4Al)DAT15G(15-3-3-3) DAT55G(15V-6Cr-4Al)DAT56M(CA Ti, 13Cr-1F 3Al)
MedicalDT2, DT4(CP-Ti) DAT5E(6-4 ELI) DAT67(6Al 7Nb)
PPC furnace
DT2(CP-Ti)DT7(0.15Pd)
1Fe-3Al)DAT57M(VLTi, 6Al-1Fe)
DAT67(6Al-7Nb)Ni-Ti
PPC furnace GFM forging machineLEVICAST*LEVI atomization
AutomobileDAT52F(3Al-2V-REM-S)DAT5M(6Al-4V-Fe)DAT62M(6Al 2S 4ZA DAT62M(6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo-0.1Si)DAT54DAT57M(VLTi, 6Al-1Fe)
AerospaceDAT5(6Al-4V)DAT54(6Al-4Sn-4Zr-3Mo-1Nb-0 4Si-0 06C)
*:Levitation melting and casting
TITANIUM 2008 2008.9 page 2
( , )DAT-TA1(TiAl)
3Mo-1Nb-0.4Si-0.06C)
History of development of TiAl T/W in Daido
Production total : 120,000PProduction total : 120,000P: Original alloy or technology of Daido : Original alloy or technology of Daido
CastingCasting
AlloyAlloy
LEVICASTLEVICASTCLV** in CaO crucibleCLV** in CaO crucible
TiTi--36Al36Al TiTi--33.5Al33.5Al DATDAT--TA1TA1RNT004*RNT004*DATDAT--TA2TA2* : Ti* : Ti--33.5Al33.5Al--1.0Nb1.0Nb--0.5Cr0.5Cr--0.5Si0.5Si
gg
JoiningJoining
LEVICASTLEVICASTCLV in CaO crucibleCLV in CaO crucible
Vacuum Brazing(Silver braze)Vacuum Brazing(Silver braze) Pressured induction brazing (PIB)Pressured induction brazing (PIB)
** : Counter gravity Low pressure Vacuum melt** : Counter gravity Low pressure Vacuum melt
ManufacturingManufacturing Mass productionMass productionExperimental productionExperimental production 1998 : Auto racing1998 : Auto racing1999~ : Passenger car1999~ : Passenger car
Y
The first publication concerning TiAl turbochargers
1990 2005 20101987 1995 20001985 20081998
Practical useof TiAl T/W
TITANIUM 2008 2008.9 page 3
Year
Feature of turbocharger
Feature of turbocharger Feature of turbocharger 1. Power up1. Power up
t t it t i
Turbine wheelTurbine wheel
-- output increaseoutput increase2. Compactification2. Compactification-- downsizing downsizing -- weight savingweight saving
3 Fuel saving3 Fuel savingCompressor wheelCompressor wheel
3. Fuel saving3. Fuel saving-- combustion efficiency optimizationcombustion efficiency optimization-- reduction of CO2 emissionreduction of CO2 emission
4. Exhaust gas purification4. Exhaust gas purification-- clean making exhaust gasclean making exhaust gas
by fuelby fuel--air ratio optimizationair ratio optimization
-- Good technology Good technology for the environmentfor the environment-- IncreasingIncreasing of total number of turbochargersof total number of turbochargers
TITANIUM 2008 2008.9 page 4
Fig. Illustration of turbocharger.
Materials for turbine wheelha
ust
g. C
) 1050
1000
TiAlMar-M247
ervi
ce E
xhra
ture
(deg 1000
950
DAT-TA2
solin
e
stim
ated
SG
as T
empe
r
900
850DAT-TA1
GMR235
Inconel713C
Die
sel G
as
DAT-TA1 : Ti-33 5Al-4 8Nb-1 0Cr-0 2Si(Under Production) [wt%]
Price High
Es G
800
D
DAT-TA1 : Ti-33.5Al-4.8Nb-1.0Cr-0.2Si(Under Production)DAT-TA2 : Ti-31.5Al-7.5Nb-1.0Cr-Si-CMar-M247 : Ni-0.15C-5.5Al-1Ti-10Co-8.3Cr-0.7Mo-3Ta-10W-1.5Hf-0.05Zr-0.015BInconel713C : Ni-0.12C-6Al-0.7Ti-12.5Cr-4Mo-1.8Nb-0.1Zr-0.012B
[wt%]
TITANIUM 2008 2008.9 page 5
GMR235 : Ni-0.15C-3.5Al-2Ti-10Fe-15.5Cr-5Mo-0.05B
Alloy design
DAT-TA1(Ti-33.5Al-4.8Nb-1.0Cr-0.2Si)
TiAl under production
High temperature strengthOxidation resistanceOxidation resistance
Al and Nb optimizationC addition
Nb and Si increase
Manufacturability
Lamellar phase stabilizationCreep property
Si increase
DAT TA2(Ti 31 5Al 7 5Nb 1 0Cr Si C)
Si increaseC addition
Nb and C limitationDeveloped TiAl
TITANIUM 2008 2008.9 page 6
DAT-TA2(Ti-31.5Al-7.5Nb-1.0Cr-Si-C)
Microstructure
DATDAT TA2TA2 DATDAT TA1TA1DATDAT--TA2TA2 DATDAT--TA1TA1
50μm 50μm50μm 50μm
TITANIUM 2008 2008.9 page 7
Density
9.0 8.597 91
6.0
7.0
8.0cmcm
33 ))
Down byDown by 50%50%
7.91
4.0
5.0
nsity
(g/c
nsity
(g/c
4.01 3.94
1 0
2.0
3.0Den
Den
0.0
1.0
DAT-TA2 DAT-TA1(Under Production)
Inconel713C Mar-M247
TITANIUM 2008 2008.9 page 8
Tensile & creep rupture properties
Strength (Tension)Strength (Tension) Creep Rupture StrengthCreep Rupture Strength
1000 * : INCO ALLOYS INTERNATIONAL’S DATA450
T t T 750 1050 d C
* : INCO ALLOYS INTERNATIONAL’S DATA4501000 * : INCO ALLOYS INTERNATIONAL’S DATA450
T t T 750 1050 d C
* : INCO ALLOYS INTERNATIONAL’S DATA450
700
800
900300
400 Test Temp. : 750-1050 deg. C
700
800
900300
400 Test Temp. : 750-1050 deg. C
400
500
600
700
engt
h (M
Pa)
DAT-TA2
ress
(MPa
) 200
DAT-TA1
DAT-TA2 +40+40deg. Cdeg. C
400
500
600
700
engt
h (M
Pa)
DAT-TA2
ress
(MPa
) 200
DAT-TA1
DAT-TA2 +40+40deg. Cdeg. C
200300
400
Stre
DAT-TA1DAT-TA2DAT-TA1
(Under Production)
100Str
7080
10090
60
DAT-TA2DAT-TA1
(Under Production)200300
400
Stre
DAT-TA1DAT-TA2DAT-TA1
(Under Production)
DAT-TA2DAT-TA1
(Under Production)
100Str
7080
10090
60
DAT-TA2DAT-TA1
(Under Production)
DAT-TA2DAT-TA1
(Under Production)
0
100
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200Temperature (deg C)
Open:0.2% Proof StressSolid:Tensile Strength
Inconel713C(as-cast)*Mar-M247(as-cast)
4021 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Larson-Miller Parameter
50
40
Inconel713C(as-cast)*Mar-M247(as-cast)
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 300
100
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200Temperature (deg C)
Open:0.2% Proof StressSolid:Tensile Strength
Inconel713C(as-cast)*Mar-M247(as-cast)Inconel713C(as-cast)*Mar-M247(as-cast)
4021 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Larson-Miller Parameter
50
40
Inconel713C(as-cast)*Mar-M247(as-cast)Inconel713C(as-cast)*Mar-M247(as-cast)
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
TITANIUM 2008 2008.9 page 9
Temperature (deg. C) ( 273+T)x(log|tr|+20)/1000Temperature (deg. C) ( 273+T)x(log|tr|+20)/1000
Specific tensile & creep rupture properties
Specific Strength (Tension)Specific Strength (Tension) Specific Creep Rupture StrengthSpecific Creep Rupture Strength
160 * : INCO ALLOYS INTERNATIONAL’S DATA100
* : INCO ALLOYS INTERNATIONAL’S DATA160 * : INCO ALLOYS INTERNATIONAL’S DATA100
* : INCO ALLOYS INTERNATIONAL’S DATA
120
140
160 100
g/cm
3 ))
60708090
100
cm3 ))
Temp. : 750-1050 deg. C
DAT-TA1
DAT-TA2
DAT-TA2
120
140
160 100
g/cm
3 ))
60708090
100
cm3 ))
Temp. : 750-1050 deg. C
DAT-TA1
DAT-TA2
DAT-TA2
80
100
ngth
(MPa
/(g
30
40
50
ss (M
Pa/(g
/c
+40+40deg. Cdeg. C
80
100
ngth
(MPa
/(g
30
40
50
ss (M
Pa/(g
/c
+40+40deg. Cdeg. C
40
60
peci
fic S
tren
20
Spec
ific
StreDAT-TA1
Open:0.2% Proof StressSolid:Tensile Strength
DAT-TA2DAT-TA1
(Under Production)
DAT-TA2DAT-TA1
(Under Production)
40
60
peci
fic S
tren
20
Spec
ific
StreDAT-TA1
Open:0.2% Proof StressSolid:Tensile Strength
DAT-TA2DAT-TA1
(Under Production)
DAT-TA2DAT-TA1
(Under Production)
DAT-TA2DAT-TA1
(Under Production)
0
20
0 200 400 600 800 1000 120010
22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Sp
10
S(Under Production)Inconel713C(as-cast)*Mar-M247(as-cast)
T t (d C) Larson-Miller Parameter
(Under Production)Inconel713C(as-cast)*Mar-M247(as-cast)
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 300
20
0 200 400 600 800 1000 120010
22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Sp
10
S(Under Production)Inconel713C(as-cast)*Mar-M247(as-cast)
T t (d C) Larson-Miller Parameter
(Under Production)Inconel713C(as-cast)*Mar-M247(as-cast)
(Under Production)Inconel713C(as-cast)*Mar-M247(as-cast)
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
TITANIUM 2008 2008.9 page 10
Temperature (deg. C) Larson Miller Parameter( 273+T)x(log|tr|+20)/1000Temperature (deg. C) Larson Miller Parameter( 273+T)x(log|tr|+20)/1000
Rotating bending fatigue strength
500
Pa) Rotation speed : 3,500rpmRotation speed : 3,500rpm
500
Pa) Rotation speed : 3,500rpmRotation speed : 3,500rpm
350
400
450e
Lim
it (M
P DAT-TA2
350
400
450e
Lim
it (M
P DAT-TA2
250
300
350
Endu
ranc
e
DAT TA1250
300
350
Endu
ranc
e
DAT TA1
150
200
250
07 C
ycle
s E DAT-TA1
DAT-TA2DAT-TA1
(Under Production)Inconel713C(as-cast)150
200
250
07 C
ycle
s E DAT-TA1
DAT-TA2DAT-TA1
(Under Production)Inconel713C(as-cast)
1000 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900
1 ( )Mar-M247(as-cast)
Temperature (deg. C)
1000 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900
1 ( )Mar-M247(as-cast)
Temperature (deg. C)
TITANIUM 2008 2008.9 page 11
Cyclic oxidation resistance
400DAT TA1
400DAT TA1
Test ConditionTest ConditionAtmosphere : airDew point : 30deg. C 300
350
cm2 )
DAT-TA2
DAT-TA1(Under Production)
Inconel713C(as-cast)*Mar-M247(as-cast)
Binary Binary TiAlTiAl
Bi TiAl ll
300
350
cm2 )
DAT-TA2
DAT-TA1(Under Production)
Inconel713C(as-cast)*Mar-M247(as-cast)
Binary Binary TiAlTiAl
Bi TiAl ll
Test Temp. x30min
150
200
250
Gai
n (m
g/c
After 200 cyclesAfter 200 cycles
Binary TiAl alloy
150
200
250
Gai
n (m
g/c
After 200 cyclesAfter 200 cycles
Binary TiAl alloy
RT. x30min
50
100
150W
eigh
t
DATDAT--TA1TA1
DATDAT--TA2TA250
100
150W
eigh
t
DATDAT--TA1TA1
DATDAT--TA2TA2
0750 800 850 900 950 1000 1050 1100 1150
Temperature (deg. C)
0750 800 850 900 950 1000 1050 1100 1150
Temperature (deg. C)
TITANIUM 2008 2008.9 page 12
Various specific properties
Tensile Strength(900deg. C)Tensile Strength(900deg. C)
160
Unit Axis:MPa/(g/cm3)
DAT-TA2(4.01[g/cm3])DAT-TA1(3.94[g/cm3])
(Under production)
160
Unit Axis:MPa/(g/cm3)
DAT-TA2(4.01[g/cm3])DAT-TA1(3.94[g/cm3])
(Under production)
2040Creep Rupture Strength
(1000deg. C/100hr)
Unit Axis:MPa/(g/cm )
Rotating BendingFatigue Strength
(700deg C/107cycles)2040
Creep Rupture Strength(1000deg. C/100hr)
Unit Axis:MPa/(g/cm )
Rotating BendingFatigue Strength
(700deg C/107cycles) ( 000deg C/ 00 )(700deg. C/107cycles)
Inconel713C(7 91[g/cm3])Mar M247(8 59[g/cm3])
The data of Mar-M247 is calculated fromthe data of 600deg.C and the data of 800deg. C.
( 000deg C/ 00 )(700deg. C/107cycles)
Inconel713C(7 91[g/cm3])Mar M247(8 59[g/cm3])
The data of Mar-M247 is calculated fromthe data of 600deg.C and the data of 800deg. C.
120
Inconel713C(7.91[g/cm3])Mar-M247(8.59[g/cm3])
Tensile Strength(RT)120
Inconel713C(7.91[g/cm3])Mar-M247(8.59[g/cm3])
Tensile Strength(RT)
TITANIUM 2008 2008.9 page 13
LEVICAST process
1 Contamination free melting and casting
<Advantage of LEVICAST>1. Contamination free melting and casting- Oxygen content of TiAl cast is around 500ppm
2. Thin-wall castings - Minimum blade tip thickness of TiAl turbineMinimum blade tip thickness of TiAl turbine
wheel is 0.50mm
3. High productivity as compared withconventional processes
- Short cycle of meting and casting
Outer view of molten metal
TITANIUM 2008 2008.9 page 14
Experiment production of TiAl T/W
AlloyAlloyConditionConditionprocessprocess
: DAT: DAT--TA2TA2: as: as--castcast: LEVICAST: LEVICASTprocessprocess : LEVICAST: LEVICAST
3 13cmPhoto. DAT-TA2 turbine wheels manufactured by LEVICAST Photo. Macrostructure of DAT-TA2
turbine wheel by LEVICAST
1cm
TITANIUM 2008 2008.9 page 15
Conclusion
In order to provide the excellent performance at higher In order to provide the excellent performance at higher exhaust gas temperatures, new gamma TiAl alloy DATexhaust gas temperatures, new gamma TiAl alloy DAT--TA2TA2was developed based on DATwas developed based on DAT--TA1 which is in production. TA1 which is in production.
DATDAT--TA2 has excellent mechanical properties for turbine wheels TA2 has excellent mechanical properties for turbine wheels
DATDAT--TA2 is available to turbine wheels of turbochargers for TA2 is available to turbine wheels of turbochargers for
as compared with conventional turbine wheel materials.as compared with conventional turbine wheel materials.
gasoline engine at high exhaust gas temperatures. gasoline engine at high exhaust gas temperatures.
TITANIUM 2008 2008.9 page 16