REQUIREMENTS FOR PERSONAL KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT TOOLS
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Transcript of REQUIREMENTS FOR PERSONAL KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT TOOLS
KIT – die Kooperation von Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH und Universität Karlsruhe (TH)
REQUIREMENTS FOR PERSONAL KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT TOOLS
Max Völkel, Andreas AbeckerFZI Forschungszentrum Informatik Karlsruhe11.06.2010
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Personal Knowledge Management?
Why?
The knowledge-based organisation is no more effective than the sum of its knowledge workers’
effectiveness.
Davenport, 2004
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Personal Knowledge Management (PKM)
What?
PKM is a set of concepts, disciplines and tools for organizing often previously unstructured
knowledge, to help individuals take responsibility for what they know and who they know
European guide to good practice in knowledge managementCWA 14924-1:2004 E, part 5, p. 12.
European Committee for Standardization, 2004
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Focus of this talk: PKM Tools
Organize often previously unstructured knowledge
Support personal note-taking Extend the human memory by information
management Make knowledge workers more productive
Many PKM tools have been built and even more tools are (ab-)used for PKM tasks.
How to build a good PKM tool?
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Analyze what knowledge workers do
What is note-taking?Creating an external reminder (a note, a knowledge cue) to help a
person coming back to a previously experienced mental state (knowing something).
What is a knowledge cue?Definition: A knowledge cue is either
a piece of content, containing – plain text, – semi-structured text, or – arbitrary binary content
– such as images or desktop objects, or a connection between other knowledge cues.
– Such connections can be unspecified relations, directed hyperlinks and formal statements.
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Knowledge-Cue Life Cycle
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Knowledge-Cue Life Cycle
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Knowledge-Cue Life Cycle
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Knowledge-Cue Life Cycle
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Economic Analysis
Goals: Low costs High benefit
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Requirements for...
(Conceptual) model vs. Tool
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Req for model:
Knowledge model should be a superset of existing conceptual models To reuse content residing in one kind of
representation in another tool, it needs to be transformed.
Convert between n formalisms? Naive: n2
transformations Common intermediate formalism: 2n
transformations
Learning a new tool user needs to understand the conceptual model of
the tool Formalism of good PKM tool should be similar to
existing models
KIT – die Kooperation von Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH und Universität Karlsruhe (TH)
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Req: System should run queries automatically
Tool requirement
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Req: Easy to learn
Model and tool requirement: Seems obvious However, riding a bicycle is not easy to learn Long-term cost/benefit is relevant
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What kind of notes?
Model and tool requirement: Req: User decides on modeling granularity
Allow very short notes Allow very long (and structured) notes Less different tools have to be used
Req: Informal articulation Allow user to be informal lower costs (lower benefit)
Req: Formal articulation Allow user to be formal more benefit (higher costs)
Req: Simultaneous use of different levels of formality Req: Stepwise formalization
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Req: Versioning
Allow errors and make it easy to fix them Never loose any keystroke
However, versioning and retrieval is hard
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Interaction for codify and augment process
Model and tool requirements: Req: Entities need to be addressable
Neglected by many tools! Req: Capture the context for cue creation and
import
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Interaction for codify and augment process
Tool requirements Req: Fast entry
Otherwise knowledge model remains empty Req: Knowledge model refactoring
Or model gets cluttered This includes deleting content
Req: Active assistance in maintenance tasks “This is older than…. and has been accessed less than …
times …” “This has been searched … times and each time it took
(very long)”
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Ways of adding structure and formality
Model and tool requirements: Grouping of items Containment relationship Optional naming of knowledge cues Alternative names Order knowledge cues Linking Hierarchy Annotating content Tagging Classifying items into categories Tool requirements Simultaneous use of multiple levels of detail
Source: Analysis of conceptual
models of PKM tools
preverbal
verbal
formal
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Interaction for retrieval process
Model and tool requirements: Queries
Full-text, semantic, combined Browsing (=scanning lists) and following links Inverse relations
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Expressivity
Model and tool requirements: Flexible schema
Structured queries Adaptation to domains
Transclusion Avoid copy & paste
Meta-modeling Self-describing model
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List 1
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List 2
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Conclusions
Long requirements list can be used As design specification and research agenda for
PKM tool builders To assess the suitability of existing tools for PKM
Core requirements: Trade-off authoring costs and retrieval value Step-wise formalization Unified knowledge model
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Try http://iMapping.info
Extends listed requirements with spatial concepts
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