Biology 4.1 Energy and Mineral Resources Energy and Mineral Resources.
REPUBLIC OF INDONES IA MINISTRY OF ENERGY AND MINERAL ... · REPUBLIC OF INDONES MINISTRY OF ENERGY...
Transcript of REPUBLIC OF INDONES IA MINISTRY OF ENERGY AND MINERAL ... · REPUBLIC OF INDONES MINISTRY OF ENERGY...
REPUBLIC OF INDONESMINISTRY OF ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES
Energy and Mineral Resources for People’s Welfare
Delivered by
EDI WIBOWODirectorate General of New, Renewable Energy, and Energy
BMZ Conference; Policy Forum
Opportunities for Sustainable Bioenergy Developm
Berlin, Germany, 28 May 2013
EPUBLIC OF INDONESIAMINISTRY OF ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES
Energy and Mineral Resources for People’s Welfare
Delivered by:
EDI WIBOWODirectorate General of New, Renewable Energy, and Energy
BMZ Conference; Policy Forum
pment: National Experiences and Global Exchange
Berlin, Germany, 28 May 2013
FOCUSSED OF FOCUSSED OF
NATIONAL POLICYNATIONAL POLICY
Energy and Mineral Resources for People’s Welfare
PRO JOB PRO POOR PRO GROWTH
ENERGY AND ENERGY AND
FOOD SECURITYFOOD SECURITY
ENERGY AND ENERGY AND
FOOD SECURITYFOOD SECURITY
EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT
CREATION AND CREATION AND
POVERTY REDUCTIONPOVERTY REDUCTION
Energy and Mineral Resources for People’s Welfare
ENVIRONMENTENVIRONMENTENVIRONMENTENVIRONMENT
PRO GROWTHPRO
ENVIRONMENT
LAW NO. 30 YEAR 2007 concerning on Energy
PRESIDENTIAL REGULATION NO. 5 YEAR 2006 concerning on National Energy Policy
Energy and Mineral Resources for People’s Welfare
PRESIDENTIAL INSTRUCTION NO. 1 YEAR 2006concerning on
Provision and Utilization, of Biofuel as Other Fuel
MINISTRY OF ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES REGULATION NO. 32 YEAR 2008
concerning on Provision, Utilization, and Procedures of Commerce of Biofuel as Other Fuel
Priority supply and use of renewable energy, one of them is
biofuel.
Biofuel target 5% by 2025 from the national energy mix.
Energy and Mineral Resources for People’s Welfare
Instructions related to the Minister, Governor and Mayor to take
action in order to accelerate the provision and utilization of
biofuel;
1. Priority of biofuel utilization,
2. Mandatory of biofuel utilization (biodiesel, bioethanol, and
biooil) in transportation, industry, commercial, and electricity
generation sector,
3. Standard and quality of biofuel,
4. Pricing policy,
5. Commercial activities of biofuel,
BIODIESEL (Minimum)
Sektor 2008 2009
Transportation, PSO 1% (Existing) 1%
Transportation,
Non PSO
1%
Industry 2.5% 2.5%
Energy and Mineral Resources for People’s Welfare
Electricity Generation 0.1% 0.25%
BIOETHANOL (Minimum)
Sektor 2008 2009
Transportation, PSO 3% (Existing) 1%
Transportation,
Non PSO
5% (Existing) 5%
Industry 5%
BIODIESEL (Minimum)
2010 2015 2020 2025
2.5% 5% 10% 20%
3% 7% 10% 20%
5% 10% 15% 20%
Energy and Mineral Resources for People’s Welfare
1% 10% 15% 20%
BIOETHANOL (Minimum)
2010 2015 2020 2025
3% 5% 10% 15%
7% 10% 12% 15%
7% 10% 12% 15%
Raw Material
Palm oil, coconut, jatropha curcas, “nyamplung”, “kemiri sunan”,
and micro-algae
Sugarcane/molasses, cassava, sago, sorghum, corn, and ligno
cellulosic
Vegetable oil (straight vegetable oil)
Biomass through the process pirolisa and PPO (Pure Plant Oil)
Energy and Mineral Resources for People’s Welfare
Biomass through the process pirolisa and PPO (Pure Plant Oil)
MAIN POTENTIAL OF BIOFUEL: BIODIESEL
• Potential major biodiesel feedstock in Indonesia
production of 26 million tonnes. Of the total CPO
country for both cooking oil, chemicals, including for
• With a great potential for the production of CPO is
for fossil fuel substitution.
Type Use
jatropha curcas, “nyamplung”, “kemiri sunan”, Biodiesel Substitutes for diesel oil
ligno Bioethanol substitutes for gasoline
and PPO (Pure Plant Oil)
Biooil
Biokerosene
- Kerosene substitute
Substitute IDO
Energy and Mineral Resources for People’s Welfare
and PPO (Pure Plant Oil) Biokerosene Substitute IDO
(Industrial Diesel Oil)
on an industrial scale is CPO with a total annual
CPO production is only about 8 million tons used in the
for biodiesel, while the rest is exported;
the potential use of biofuel Biodiesel fuel is enormous
The use of biofuels has been started since 2006 with the issuance of Presidential Instruction No. 1/2006
Beginning in 2009, the government imposed a policy of mandatory use of transport, industry and power generation through the Minister of Energy and Mineral
Resources No. 32/2008.
Biofuel industry has grown in Indonesia. At present, the installed capacity for the type of biofuel to 4.25 million KL of biodiesel and bioethanolyear. Currently there are 23 producers of biodiesel and
Energy and Mineral Resources for People’s Welfare
year. Currently there are 23 producers of biodiesel and have licensed.
1. Utilization BBN currently has carried on:
a. Transportation sector (B-7.5
b. Industrial sector (B-2 in subsector be extended to other industrial sub
c. Electricity generation sector.
2. In 2013 the target of biofuelincreased to B-10
has been started since 2006 with the issuance of Presidential
Beginning in 2009, the government imposed a policy of mandatory use of biofuel in the transport, industry and power generation through the Minister of Energy and Mineral
2008.
At present, the installed capacity for the type of bioethanol amounted to 153 thousand KL per
year. Currently there are 23 producers of biodiesel and 8 producer of bioethanol that
Energy and Mineral Resources for People’s Welfare
year. Currently there are 23 producers of biodiesel and 8 producer of bioethanol that have licensed.
Utilization BBN currently has carried on:
.5),
in subsector mineral and coal mining industries) and will be extended to other industrial sub-sectors is gradually
Electricity generation sector.
biofuel utilization in the transportation sector will be
• Indonesia is the largest palm oil producer in the
world.. In 2011, Indonesia's palm oil production
amounted to 22.50 million tons, or 44.84% of the
world palm oil production. In the last 5 years
(2007-2011), Indonesia's CPO production grew
with an average of 6.24%.
• Based on ownership, the highest productivity of
CPO is owned by the government which is 3.04
tons / ha, Following the private and public
sectors respectively 2.57 and 2.38. Average
ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat
sectors respectively 2.57 and 2.38. Average
productivity of Indonesian palm oil is 2.67 tons /
ha. It should be noted that the value is based on
ownership of land, not a plant area. Therefore,
the productivity is still able to increase.
• Meanwhile, MP3EI data showed that the growth of Indonesia's
Malaysia's 4.2% per year. Indonesia's palm oil productivity,
potential that is 7 tons / ha, and far from Malaysia that the
• In addition, based on the results obtained on the field, CPO
Indonesia's palm oil by 2010 reached 7.8% per year, higher than
productivity, according to this book is 3.8 tons / ha, Still far below the
the productivity reach 4.6 tons / ha.
CPO productivity of a company can reach 4.8 tons / ha.
Palm Oil Areas in Indonesia (Ha.)
Year Smallholder Government Private TOTAL
2007 2.752.172 606.248 3.408.416 6.766.836
2008 2.881.898 602.963 3.878.986 7.363.847
2009 3.061.413 630.512 4.181.369 7.873.294
2010 3.387.257 631.520 4.366.617 8.385.394
2011 *) 3.620.096 636.713 4.651.590 8.908.399
Palm Oil Productivity (kg/Ha) Productivity of palm oil by plantation
ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat
Year
Productivit
y
(Kg/Ha.)
2004 2,833
2005 2,925
2006 3,498
2007 3,634
2008 3,424
2009 3,487
2010*) 3,552
2011*) 3,607
FFB Production in Indonesia (Ton)
Year Smallhold
er
Government Private TOTAL
2007 6.358.389 2.117.035 9.189.301 17.664.725
2008 6.923.042 1.938.134 8.678.612 17.539.788
2009 7.517.716 2.005.880 9.800.697 19.324.293
2010 8.458.709 1.890.503 11.608.907 21.958.120
2011 *) 8.627.883 1.937.765 11.942.362 22.508.011
Productivity of palm oil by plantation
� Indonesia biodiesel production in 2011 amounted to 1.38 million
from the capacity of the industry which in 2011 counted
CPO or land area is pretty hard. This is because there
specifically for biodiesel. As we know that in addition
products such as Olein and Stearin. Similarly, palm oil
production of biodiesel.
� However, field study shows that the biodiesel productivity
land productivity of 4.64 MT PME / Ha.
No. Item
ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat
1. Productivity of palm oil by plantation Tonnes
year
2. Biodiesel processing efficiencies by
technology
MJ/tonne
3. Amount of biodiesel end product (mass of
energy content)
Tonnes
year
4. Production cost per unit of biodiesel USD/MJ
million MT, about 78% for export. Total production is still far
counted 3.77 million MT. Calculating the biodiesel productivity to
is no accurate data on the amount of CPO produced
to biodiesel, palm oil is also used for other downstream
oil land uses that are not specifically mentioned for the
reached 0.97 per MT of CPO or 38,412 MJ / ton CPO with
Unit Study National
Tonnes per ha per 4,8 2,67 (source: BPS
calculated)
3,8 (source: MP3EI)
tonne CPO 38.412
Tonnes/ha per
year
4,64
USD/MJ 3,28 (source: Aprobi)
COST COMPARISON FOR BIOFUEL PRODUCTION
Palm oil has the lowest cost of production amongst other vegetable oils
An
nu
al
Yie
ld p
er
He
cta
re (
ton
ne
s)
3
4
5
6
Palm Oil
ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat
An
nu
al
Yie
ld p
er
He
cta
re (
ton
ne
s)
0
1
2
100 200 300
Production Cost ($/tonne)
Rapeseed Oil
Source: Oil Worlld
COST COMPARISON FOR BIOFUEL PRODUCTION
Palm oil has the lowest cost of production amongst other vegetable oils
400 500 600 700 800
Production Cost ($/tonne)
Sunflower OilSoybean Oil
Rapeseed Oil
1. Biofuel potential for energy supply, climate improvement, and encourage the national
development;
2. Biofuel development is too fast and not controlled can lead to:
a. Competition for natural resources and rising food prices,
b. Deforestation and biodiversity decline,
c. Marginalization of land ownership by farmers and land ownership,
d. Greenhouse gas emissions in addition to the use of fossil fuels excessive,
3. There needs to be concern about sustainability issue.
ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat
3. There needs to be concern about sustainability issue.
Legality
Food security
Rural and
social
development
Human and labor rights
Consultation
planning and
monitoring
Greenhouse gas emissions
Sustainable
Biofuels
potential for energy supply, climate improvement, and encourage the national
development is too fast and not controlled can lead to:
Competition for natural resources and rising food prices,
Marginalization of land ownership by farmers and land ownership,
Greenhouse gas emissions in addition to the use of fossil fuels excessive,
There needs to be concern about sustainability issue.There needs to be concern about sustainability issue.
Land rights
Air
Economic efficiency
Water
Soil
Conservation &
biodiversity
Sustainable
Biofuels
1. Biofuel sustainability: biofuel production chain f
release of emissions into the air
2. Sustainable development is a mandate of Indonesia Constitution:
economic democracy with the principles of togetherness, efficiency of justice,
environmental friendliness, independence, and balancing economic progress and national unity”
3. Biofuel sustainability in Indonesia: Indonesia Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO);
4. ISPO declaration on 30 of March 2011 and formally applied since March 2012;
5. Has been establish Regulation of Minister of Agriculture
on Guidelines Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO);
ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat
on Guidelines Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO);
6. Objective of ISPO:
a. Increase awareness of the importance of producing sustainable palm oil,
b. Improve the competitiveness of Indonesian palm oil in the world market;
c. Indonesia's commitment to supporting pelestaraian
functions as well as results of the Copenhagen Meeting 2009.
7. Because ISPO is based on the laws and regulatio
implemented for businesses plantations in Indonesia.
8. ISPO based on Indonesia regulation, law, and constitution
in from farm or forest up to the gas station and the final
Sustainable development is a mandate of Indonesia Constitution: “national economy based on
economic democracy with the principles of togetherness, efficiency of justice, sustainability,
environmental friendliness, independence, and balancing economic progress and national unity”
Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO);
ISPO declaration on 30 of March 2011 and formally applied since March 2012;
Has been establish Regulation of Minister of Agriculture No. 19/Permentan/OT.140/3/2011 concerning
Guidelines Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO);Guidelines Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO);
Increase awareness of the importance of producing sustainable palm oil,
Improve the competitiveness of Indonesian palm oil in the world market;
pelestaraian Natural Resources and environmental
functions as well as results of the Copenhagen Meeting 2009.
ations in force in Indonesia, this mandatory must be
implemented for businesses plantations in Indonesia.
ISPO based on Indonesia regulation, law, and constitution
Obligations that must be met by sustainable palm oil development industries
includes seven principles:
1. Licensing System and Plantation Management,
2. Technical Guidelines for the Application
Palm,
3. Management and Environmental Monitoring,
4. Responsibilities to Workers,
ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat
4. Responsibilities to Workers,
5. Corporate Responsibility on Individuals
6. Community Empowerment Economic Activity,
7. Commitment to Continuous Improvement
Obligations that must be met by sustainable palm oil development industries
Licensing System and Plantation Management,
pplication of Cultivation and Processing of Oil
Management and Environmental Monitoring,
ndividuals and Communities,
Community Empowerment Economic Activity,
mprovement Economics.
1. ENERGY SECURITY:
a. Improved energy access.
b. Reducing the use of fossil
energy.
c. Reducing dependence on fuel
imports.
d. Diversifying the energy
sources.
2. ECONOMIC IMPACT
a. Job creation and enterprise
development.
b. Enhance investment in
supporting industries..
c. Enhance economic development
through local manufacture of
products and components,
Energy and Mineral Resources for People’s Welfare
sources.
e. Conserve a country’s natural
resource base.
products and components,
assembly and installation,
operation and/or servicing of
equipment.
IMPACT:
Job creation and enterprise
development.
Enhance investment in
supporting industries..
Enhance economic development
through local manufacture of
products and components,
3. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT:
a. Reduction of greenhouse gases:
– By using biodiesel and bioethanol
in transportation sector (substitute
the fossil fuel);
– By using biodiesel and biooil in
industrial sector (substitute the
fossil fuel/industrial diesel oil in
industrial sector);
Energy and Mineral Resources for People’s Welfare
products and components,
assembly and installation,
operation and/or servicing of
industrial sector);
– By using biokerosene in
domestic/household use
(substitute kerosene and fuel wood
for cooking and lighting).
b. Reduction of air pollution levels.
c. Improving air quality and
enhancing the general health and
well being of local communities.
GOVERNMENT SIDE
1. Identify the detail environtment impact of biofuel
2. Threshold determination of allowable environmental
3. Development of best practice guidelines for
rules of the environment (biodiversity, water,
4. Development of Monitoring, Evaluation and
achievement of the development of biofuel
ESDM untuk Kesejahteraan Rakyat
achievement of the development of biofuel
existing system (PROPER, EIA, Green Industry
5. Institutional Development System (WHO IS
BUSINESS SIDE
1. Develop technologies or systems that minimum
2. Self-assessment to ensure achievement of
environmental rules.
biofuel development;
environmental impact.
for feedstock production systems that meet the
water, air, soil, land use)� RSPO.
and Reward to ensure and encourage the
biofuel hat meet environmental rules � uses anbiofuel hat meet environmental rules � uses an
Industry Award, Certification).
DOING WHAT).
minimum environmental impact.
of the development of biofuel that comply with
Vielen Dank
Energy and Mineral Resources for People’s Welfare
www.
Directorate General of New, Renewable Energy and Energy Conservation
Jl. Pegangsaan Timur No. 1A,, Cikini, Jakarta, Phone/Fax: +62
Energy and Mineral Resources for People’s Welfare
www.ebtke.esdm.go.id
Directorate General of New, Renewable Energy and Energy Conservation
, Phone/Fax: +62-21 31924585; email: [email protected]