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Polangui Community College

Polangui, AlbayReporter : Emma B. Marilag

Instructor : Dr. Eliza S. Nu ezTopic : Principles of Development

Course : FS 1The Learners Development and EnvironmentDate : July 17, 2012

PRINCIPLES OF DEVELOPMENT

Importance of understanding the concepts oflearners developmental pattern :1. helps developmental psychologists to know at approximately what ages to expect different patterns of

behavior

2. use these patterns to set up guidelines3. it emphasizes the necessity for guidance and stimulation if the childs potential are to be reached4. it enables the parents and teachers to prepare children ahead for what will be expected of them at given

ages.

Aspects of development

1. Anatomic the structure of the body and its relation to its parts2. Physiologic

As small children we begin to wonder what enables people to move, how it is possible

for them to talk, how they can see the world and feel the objects around them, what

happens to the food they eat, how they derive from food the energy needed for exercise

and other types of bodily activity, by what process they reproduce so that life goes on.3. Behavioral

a. The mind of an infant is tabula rasa and that learned associations between stimuli and responses arethe building blocks of human development

b. Development does not proceed through a series of stages; it is a continuous process marked by thegradual acquisition of new and more sophisticated behavioral patterns or habits

c. Only the simplest of human reflexes are inborn and that all important tendencies including traits,talents, values and aspirations are learned.

Types of changesa. Change in sizeb. Change in proportionc. Disappearance of old featuresd. Acquisition of new features

Causes of development

1. Maturationa. development or unfolding of traits potentially present in the individual from his hereditary

development

b. Gesell- it is the net sum of the gene effects operating in a self-limited life cyclec. It is not only changes in physical characteristics but also in function, capacity to perform or behave

which are possible through changes in any part of the organism

2. Learninga. The result of the activities of the child himselfStudies of maturation and learning

1. Method of Isolationa. The isolation of the young from the older members of the same species is to see if certain traits of

behavioral characteristics of that species will appear

2. Method of Co-twin controla. Identical twin serves as subjects. One twin is given training in practice in learning difficult function

while the other is given no training, results are compared

3. Matched grouped methoda. This uses two or more groups with identical characteristics. One group is given training while the

other group is not. Results were compared later.

4.

Genetic study of large groupsa. Instead of small groups, large groups were used to see if development appears even if there weredifferences in the environment

Rate of developmenta. Rapid developmentobserved during the prenatal period and continues throughout babyhood up to the first

six years

b. Slow developmentstarts from six years to adolescenceImplications of the rate of development

Since development is dependent on maturation and learning; it therefore makes variation possible. Maturation, which depends upon the hereditary endowment of an individual, sets a limit beyond which

development cannot go on even when learning is encouraged.

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The effectiveness of learning depends upon maturation Premature forcing of the child results in negativistic, resistant behavior which militates against

successful learning and which often retards learning