1. 1. Engagement Between Indigenous Australians, Government and the Wider Society. Prepared by Wendy Wild Student ID: wIlwm002 for South Australian University 2015.
2. 2. Warning This PowerPoint Presentation may contain references to and the names of deceased Indigenous People. It also contains racist and detrimental terminology that was historically acceptable for their epoch and is in no way associated with the values and beliefs of the presenter, an Indigenous Eora woman from NSW.
3. 3. Engagement is problematic and is faced with multi faceted issues of cultural, language and value differences.
4. 4. Image 1. stone age remnants
5. 5. Image 2. An unnamed grazier reports to The Federal Board inquiry into the deaths of seventeen Indigenous Australians.
6. 6. Image 3.
7. 7. Image 4. Reinforcing propaganda in the creation of separatism
8. 8. Change Indigenous Engagement with Government and mainstream society
9. 9. Image 5.
10. 10. Image 6.
11. 11. to equality Image 7. From novelty
12. 12. How is this achieved ? ACTIVISM & REPRESENTATION
13. 13. 1924 Australian Aboriginal Progressive Association (AAPA) Image 8. Image 9.
14. 14. Image 10.
15. 15. The Australian Aborigines' League (AAL) was founded in Melbourne in 1933 by an elderly Yorta Yorta man, William Cooper, and several other Aboriginal people, most of them exiles from Cumeragunja, a government reserve on the Murray River, who gathered in Fitzroy and other inner-city suburbs. They regarded the AAL as their organisation, and its constitution stipulated that only Aboriginal people could be full members and that they should mainly fill its administrative positions. Yet Cooper, as secretary, also relied on sympathetic non-Aboriginal activists to engage government. Image 11. William Cooper
16. 16. The Aborigines Progressive Association (APA), an all-Aboriginal body, was Formed in 1937 in New South Wales with Jack Patten as president and Bill Ferguson as secretary. The APA, together with William Cooper, was responsible for organising the Day of Mourning protest on Australia Day in 1938. The APA had three aims: full citizenship rights for Aboriginal Australians, Aboriginal representation in Parliament and abolition of the New South Wales Aborigines' Protection Board. Image 13.
17. 17. Pearl Gibbs Image 14. Pearl Gibbs.
18. 18. Image 15. Wandjuk Djuakan Marika (1927-1987), Aboriginal leader and artist, was born in 1927 on Bremer Island (Dhambaliya), Northern Territory,
19. 19. mage 16. Yirrkala Bark Petition
20. 20. And the removal of these Image 17. Exemption Certificate from Gulargambone N.S.W
21. 21. Image 19. page 1 of attachment to the Equal Rights and Responsibilities for Aboriginal People Bill. 1971. Attachments to Decision No. 453(AA).
22. 22. Image 20. page 2 of attachment to the Equal Rights and Responsibilities for Aboriginal People Bill. 1971. Attachments to Decision No. 453(AA).
23. 23. Oodgeroo Noonuccal Image 21. Oodgeroo Noonuccal
24. 24. Charles Perkins & The Freedom Rides Image 22. Charles Perkins Image 23. The Freedom ride route.
25. 25. Faith Bandler A diligent activist initiation of the Yes vote for Indigenous Rights campaign. Image 24. Faith Bandler Image 25. Referendum campaign poster authorized by Faith Bandler
26. 26. Engagement There have been many activists, not only Indigenous but non-indigenous as well. They have fought long and hard for equality and equity for the First Peoples of Australia since Colonisation. They have succeeded in many things, but they have also failed at times. Their greatest legacy is that they have inspired others to action. There have been many barriers that have been overcome, but, one may argue there are still, as many to hurdle.
27. 27. References Bandler, F. Interviewer: Robin Hughes. Recorded: March 24, 1993. National Film and Sound Archive. http://www.australianbiography.gov.au/subjects/bandler/ http://nfsa.gov.au/ Barwick, D. 'Cooper, William (18611941)', Australian Dictionary of Biography, National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/cooper-william-5773/text9787 published first in hardcopy 1981, accessed online 7 August 2015. Perkins, C. Australian Biography Online. Accessed 8/6/2015. http://www.australianbiography.gov.au/subjects/perkins/ Goodall, H. 2007. 'Gibbs, Pearl Mary (Gambanyi) (19011983)', Australian Dictionary of Biography, National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/gibbs-pearl-mary- gambanyi-12533/text22555 published first in hardcopy 2007, accessed online 6 August 2015. Maynard, F. n.d. Fred Maynard and the Aboriginal Progressive Association (AAPA): One God, One Aim, One Destiny. The National Library http://www.nla.gov.au/ Walker., K. 2015. The Biography.com website. Retrieved 10:34, Aug 07, 2015, from http://www.biography.com/people/kath-walker-37858. Wandjuk Marika, Wandjuk Marika: Life Story. 1995. as told to Jennifer Isaacs, University of Queensland Press, Brisbane. Wells, E. 1980. Reward and Punishment in Arnhem Land (1960-1963). Australian Institute of Aboriginal Affairs. p.80 http://aiatsis.gov.au/ Yirrkala Bark Petitions, 1963 Timeline, 1905-1971. Prepared by AIATSIS Library. June, 2013. http://aiatsis.gov.au/
28. 28. Image 1. ABORIGINALS. (1926, January 30). The Mail (Adelaide, SA : 1912 - 1954), p. 17. Retrieved August, 5, 2015, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article585199960 Image 2. THE ABO. (1929, January 3). Evening News (Sydney, NSW : 1869 - 1931), p. 8. Retrieved August 6, 2015, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article115694970 Image 3. ABO PUSHFULNESS. (1922, October 5). Freeman's Journal (Sydney, NSW : 1850 - 1932), p. 33. Retrieved August 6, 2015, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article116747512 Image 4. ABO. CANNIBALS. (1939, March 2). Western Mail (Perth, WA : 1885 - 1954), p. 10. Retrieved August 5, 2015, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article41700011 Image 5. Abo Teachers. (1933, September 9). Nepean Times (Penrith, NSW : 1882 - 1962), p. 1. Retrieved August 6, 2015, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article101325778 Image 6. EQUALITY FOR BLACKS. (1949, April 7). The Northern Miner (Charters Towers, Qld. : 1874 - 1954), p. 3. Retrieved August 6, 2015, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.newsarticle81574981 Image 7. Abo. Girl Reads Classics. (1927, October 1). Nepean Times (Penrith, NSW : 1882 - 1962), p. 3. Retrieved August 6, 2015, from http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article108670119 Image 8. Australian Progressive Association Logo. http://lryb.aiatsis.gov.au/index.html Image 9. Australian Aboriginal Progressive Association Executive Committee. 1938. http://lryb.aiatsis.gov.au/index.html Image 10. Aboriginal Day of Mourning, Conference Flyer. Circa, 1938. https://encryptedtbn2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQd8AtEvz6BKFwsQYmw_ZYwzq1WBCiPLrNT14RJ7 foPGeYpd_OOTg Image 11. William Cooper http://www.nfsa.gov.au/digitallearning/mabo/info/cooperWilliam.gif Image 12. ABORIGINES PETITION THE KING. The Argus 13 November 1937, p.1. The Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies. https://aiatsis.gov.au/archive_digitised_collections/dayofmourning/images/pdf/herald_07_08_1937_31.pdf
29. 29. Image 13. Churinga A.P.A Logo. March, 1966. Churinga, Journal of the Aborigines Progressive Association. http://www.stamplive.com/apu.php?n=&popunder=1&direct=1&zoneid=8201&s1=1438900123298 Image 14. Pearl Gibbs. 1954. Lipman/The Fairfax Photo Library http://indigenousrights.net.au/data/assets/image/0003/391737/p966_m.jpg Image 15. Wandjuk Marika. Accessed 1/6/2015 http://peopleaustralia.anu.edu.au/uploads/obituaries/14917/thumbs/wand_246x550.gif Image 16. Yirrkala Bark Petition. http://aiatsis.gov.au/archive_digitised_collections/Yirrkala/images/Petition1lrg.jpg Image 18. Exemption Certificate 1966. http://aiatsis.gov.au/sites/default/files/images/collections-and- library/collections/freedom_ride/7-Gulargambone Images 19-20. Messenger, M. 2013. Equal Rights and Responsibilities for Aboriginal People Bill. 1971. Attachments to Decision No. 453(AA). Blog. Wednesday, 10 July, 2013. http://3.bp.blogspot.com/tVYVy9oF9Gs/Udz9YqEg5kI/AAAAAAAAwdY/RjPTWKYIAFQ/s1600/1c.jpg Image 21. Oodgeroo Noonuccal. n.d. http://a4.files.biography.com/image/upload/c_fill,cs_srgb,dpr_1.0,g_face,h_300,q_80,w_300/MTE5NDg0M DU0NjAzNTMxNzkx.jpg Image 22. Charles Perkins. http://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-02-17/charles-perkins2c-organiser-of-the- 1965-freedom-ride/6126726 Image 23. Freedom Ride Itinerary Map. http://www.kooriweb.org/foley/images/history/1960s/freedom/4route.jpg Image 24. Collaborating for Indigenous Rights. Faith Bandler. National Museum of Australia. accessed 5/5/2015. http://australianbiography.s3.amazonaws.com/bandler/img/bandler_hero.jpg Image 25. YES for Aborigines Poster. Accessed 5/5/2015. http://australianbiography.s3.amazonaws.com/bandler/img/bandler_hero.jpg