Experiment No 3

Quantitative Separation of Mixtures

Name: Rodney Pujada

Lab Partner: Armin Vossooghi

I. Introduction This experiment shows the separation of the components of a mixture. We separate a mixture of a water soluble (salt) component and water insoluble (sand) component. Mixture has an insoluble material from one which is soluble.

Homogeneous mixture exhibits uniformity in appearance and properties throughout the mixture. The prefix 'homo' means same and indicates that the two substances combined together blend well to form one uniform mixture, in which individual particles cannot be distinguished.

II. Material Beakers, evaporating dish, stirring rod, funnel, funnel holder, filter paper, watch glass, tong, and balance.

III. Procedure

1. Take sample No 16 bottle from the cart.2. Measure the mass of the sample bottle using a top loading balance,

mb+s.3. Transfer it into a 400 mL beaker, then measure the sample bottle again,

mb. The difference in these two measurements gives the mass of mixture in

the 400 mL, ms, = mb+s + mb4. Add 100 mL distilled water, then stir the mixture for 5 minutes to dissolve.

5. Weight the filter paper. (mfilter)6. Fold the weighed filter paper, then place it in the funnel and wet it with water using wash bottle to attached to the funnel.7. Pour your mixture from 100 mL into the funnel for separation of liquid from solid. Keep liquid level in the funnel about 1 cm below the edge of the filter paper.8. Wash solids in the beaker with water to transfer the solid to the funnel.9. Wash the solid in the filter paper by gently squirting some distilled water over it from a wash bottle many times.

Rodney PujadaChemistry 101/ Section 4075Prof: H. LeeDays of class: Tuesday and Thursday Time of class: 6.00 – 9:10 pmLab Due Date: Sep 21th,2010

10. Remove the filter paper front the funnel, fold it, then place it on a watch glass.11. Take the watch glass, containing filtered solid, in the preheated oven for at least 30 minutes or until dry.12. Cool the filter paper out of the oven. Wait until it cools down,

13. Weigh paper with solid and record it. ( ms = mfilter +samble - mfilter)

IV. Data and Calculation

IV.1 Calculate the mass of the unknown sampleData:First Run:Mass of the bottle and sample No 16 =

mb+s = 21.433 g.Mass of the

bottle = 20.280 g

Mass of the sample = mbottle+samble – mbottle = 21.433-20.280 = 1.153 g

Mass of the sample = 1.153 g

IV.2 Calculate the mass of the solid

Data:First Run:

Mass of the filter paper (mfilter) = 3.156 g

Mass of the dried filter paper and solid (mfilter +samble)= 2.556 g

Mass of the solid ( ms = mfilter +samble - mfilter) = 3.156 – 2.556 = 0.6 g

Unknown sample number Sand/Salt No 16

Mass (g)

 FirstRun

Second Run

Mbottle +sample 21.433 20.280

Mbotle 20.280 16.433

Mass of the unknown sample

( ms = mbottle+samble - mbottle)1.153 3.848

Mass of the filter paper 2.556 2.553

Mass of the dried filter paper and solid 3.156 4.761

     Mass of the solid

( ms = mfilter +samble - mfilter)0.600 2.208

% solid in the mixture 52.04% 57.38%

Mass of the solid = 0.6 g

IV.3 Calculate the percent of solid in the mixture

Data: Mass of the sample = 1.153 g Mass of the solid = 0.6 g

Percent of mass = . M solid x 100%:Msample

Percent of mass = .( 0.6 )x 100% = 52.04 %1.153

Percent of mass = 52 %

V. Conclusions: A homogeneous mixture is a uniform mixture that have properties

throughout the given samples, and it can separate by filtration or physical procedures.

In our laboratory, we separate salt (NaCl) from sand by dissolving the salt in water because salt is soluble in water. We can separate salt from sand because salt is dissolved in water.

The mixture contains 52 % of NaCl and 48% of sand in the sample. It shows there is 52 g of NaCl per 100 g of mixture or 48 % of san per 100 g of mixture.

Experiment 3Quantitative Separation of Mixtures

This experiment performs the quantitative separation of the components of a mixture. A mixture is the mixing of two or more substances together. The proportions of the components in the mixture can be varied. And the resulting mixture can be either homogeneous or heterogeneous, depending on the properties of components such as solubility.

In this experiment, you are going to separate a water-soluble component from water-insoluble components. The heterogeneous mixture is placed in water, whpre the water-soluble components dissolve. Separating water-soluble and water-insoluble components is achieved by filtration. The separated solid is dried and weighed to obtain the mass and percent composition by mass. The water-soluble component, in a homogeneous aqueous solution, can be recovered by evaporating the water, then measuring the mass of the residue.

EQUIPMENTBeakers, evaporating dish, stirring rod, funnel, funnel holder, filter paper, watch glass, tong, and balance.

PROCEDURE1. Take an unknown sample bottle from the cart and record the sample number in your lab report.2. Measure the mass of the sample bottle using a top loading balance,

mb+s.3. Transfer the sample into a 400 mL beaker, then measure the sample bottle

again, mb,. The difference in these two measurements gives the mass of

mixture in the 400 mL, ms, = mb+s + mb4. Add about 150 mL of distilled or tap water, then stir the mixture for 5 minutes to make sure that all soluble components dissolve.5. Measure the mass of a filter using the same balance.6. Fold the weighed filter paper (your instructor will show you how), then place it in the funnel and wet it with water (using the wash bottle) to make sure the filter paper is firmly attached to the funnel.7. Pour your mixture from 400 mL into the funnel for separation of liquid froth solid. Keep liquid level in the funnel about 1 cm below the edge of the filter paper.8. Wash solids in the beaker with water from the wash bottle to make sure all solid residues are transferred to the filter paper.9. Wash the solid in the filter paper by gently squirting some distilled water over it from a wash bottle. Repeat this washing several times.10. Remove the filter paper front the funnel, fold it, then place it on a watch glass.11. Put the watch glass, containing filtered solid, in the preheated oven for at least 30 minutes or until dry.

12. Take the watch glass and filter paper out of the oven. Wait until it cools down, then measure the mass of the filter paper with solid in it.

RESU LTSRun #1 Run #2

1. Unknown sample number __________________________2. Mass of the unknown sampleS. Mass of the filter paper4. Mass of the dried filter paper and solid5. % solid in the mixture

CALCULATIONSPerform your calculations on the right hand side of your notebook.

CONCLUSIONS