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Title Cattle Farming
Purpose Increase Ladang Moccis Income And Reduce Saundry Cost
Place Ladang Moccis SDN BHD
Time Start rom
!or"ers # personSuper$isor # person
Introduction
Bee cattle located in M%CCIS&s oil palm plantation arm in a'out ())* +ectares ltd,
%$er t+e past e- years. t+e go$ernment +as gi$en a lot o emp+asis on t+e
li$estoc" sector, !it+ t+e impro$ement o li$ing standards and economic
de$elopment. t+e demand or res+ 'ee +as increased se$eral old, Most o t+is
/uantity on imports to meet domestic demand as -ell as to reduce t+e importation o
'ee. t+e go$ernment +as encouraged armers to raise 'ee cattle arming,
01amples o 'reed is 2
), 3eda+4"elantan.
#, Bra+man dan
(, Local Indian Dairy 5LDI6
7, Brangus
8, Simmental
T+e origins o cattle rom areas cool climate medium 5templete6 included in t+e
amily o Bos taurus cattle and sala motion rom tropical regions 5+ot e/uator6 is in
t+e Bos indicus or 9e'u cattle types, Classiication o cattle are as ollo-s2
Class 2 Mamalia
%rder 2 :ngulata 5+ai-an 'ertandu"6
Famili 2 Booidae
Species 2 Bos taurus 5 Templete6
Bos Indicus 5 Hot e/uator. 9e'u 6
C+aracteristic o Tropical cattle 2
), It is resistant to +ig+ temperature and +umidity
#, It is slo- gro-ing and small 'ody si;e
(, It can mo$e t+e s"in
7, Mil" or meat production rate is lo-
8, It is slo- gro-ing and small 'ody si;e
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Breeds of beef cattle
Breeds o cattle or meat production usually +as a compact 'ody compared to t+e
'reed or mil" production, Co- udder type is also not as large as 'reeds o dairy
co-s, Bee 'reeds a$aila'le in Ladang M%CCIS SDN BHD is di$ided into t+e
ollo-ing2
), 3eda+43elantan#, 3acu"an Bra+man(, Local Indian Dairy 5LDI6
Lem'u 3eda+43elantan 5336
3eda+43elantan 5336 is a 'reed o 'ee cattle reared 'y a most o local armers in
Malaysia, T+e 'reed o cattle is also resistant to $arious types o diseases,
C+aracteristic o 33 'reed is 2
T+e s"in is 'ro-n or gray
T+e 'ody is small and strapping
T+e +ead is 'road and s+ort
T+e 'ac" is straig+t and medium to large
Flat ace. s+ort legs and +a$e small +orns
Birt+ -eig+t around )8,< "g or males and )7,= "g or emale
Mature -eig+t is 'et-een #**48** "g and )=8 "g or emale
>ield meat is 78? o 'ody -eig+t
Bra+man Breed
Photograph of
Kedah- Kelantan
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T+is 'reed originated rom India and is a descendant o a tropical cattle 5Bos
indicus6, T+is co- cud +a$e 'een propagated -ell in t+e :nited States aucet
rearing patterns and system control +y'rids and a more attracti$e appearance t+an
Bra+man co-s in t+e country o origin in India, It is a'le to adapt to ne-
en$ironments in tropical climates and cattle gro-t+ is $ery ast and ma"es it as a
co- t+at uni/ue in tropical countries
Its c+aracteristics as ollo-s2
It is resistant against e1ternal parasites and +eat stress and +ot -eat+er
@ray or reddis+ 'ar"
It&s 'ac" t+ere is a large +ump'ac" and it&s s"in loo"ed pleated
0ars -ide and droop do-n
!eig+t at 'irt+ is ## to #= "g !eig+t maturity is a'out **"g or male and 8#* "g or emale
Photograph of Brahman Breed
Local cattle4'reed Indian Diary 5LID6
C+aracteristic 2
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T+is 'reed is a cross 'reed cattle 3angayan Halli"ar %ngole originating
rom india, It +as a s+ape t+at resem'les t+e original %ngole cattle.
Solid meats.
Colored mi1ture o -+ite and 'lac" in some parts o t+e 'ody, Ha$e gelam'ir under t+e nec" and 'umpy at t+e top o t+e 'ody li"e t+e
+umps o camels, Cattle are -idely used in t+e ields as a tool to +elp armers in t+e past
It is considered as a local 'reed 'ecause t+ere is 'lood mi1ed 'reed 3eda+
3elantan, Resistance to $arious diseases and inections tic"s,
Birt+ -eig+t a'out )
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), Breed and seed
#, S+ape or conormation
4 %'ser$ation tec+ni/ues
4 Tec+ni/ues 'ased assessment 5scoring6
Characteristics for selection of pedigree and male breed
@ood record on t+e parents perormance, T+e record in t+is selection are2
I, Ha$e a good carcase c+aracteristics
II, Pro$en results rom seed 5parent6 and 'reed 5penantan6 good
III, Percent o meat +ig+er t+an t+e percent o 'one
IE, Lo- content o carcase at
E, T+e resistance to +eat. parasites. disease and seed 'reeder ne$er dangerous
inectious diseases
EI, Healt+y and compact 'ody, Foot particularly t+e +ind legs are strong and
strapping
Conformational selection method body
%'ser$ational tec+ni/ues
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In terms o t+e nature o color. 'ody si;e. +ead. nec" and s+oulders. c+est. s"eleton.
'ody.'ac". ront legs. 'ac" legs. eet. testicles and penis. tits and nipples. +a'its and
+ealt+,
Tec+ni/ues 'ased on t+e assessment
@i$ing a grade to eac+ 'ody rame e$aluated, For e1ample. t+e +ead. 'ody. legs.
lim' 5attitude. strengt+. large oints and its mo$ement6. udder scrotum. ta"ing in
general 5t+e 'alance 'et-een t+e 'ody6,
Livestock Procurement
Li$estoc" must 'e o'tained rom t+e cluster disease4ree in -+ic+ all animals must
'e ree o certain diseases t+roug+ 'lood tests and a similar e1cept i t+e ptotocol
department t+at dispenses it, Mo$ement o li$estoc" is done only i get permission
-it+ t+e Eeterinary Healt+ Certiicate rom t+e Controller and entrance o t+e
Eeterinary Department o State,
Acceptance of the livestock and the transition
Li$estoc" must 'e transported in a comorta'le position. a$oid rom e1pose
to +eat, For a long ourney. plan your trip -it+ modern comorts li$estoc" and
preera'ly tra$el at nig+t, enclosure s+all 'e prepare 'eore recei$e t+e
li$estoc", 0nclosure must 'e cleaned and disanitasi to a$oid any inection,
!+en arri$al. animals s+ould 'e gi$en t+e Ganti4stressG and let li$estoc" to
rest or at least ( days 'eore t+e li$estoc"4related acti$ities carried out, Feed
li$estoc" same as t+e original place and c+anged slo-ly to a ne- eeding
system, Li$estoc" must 'e /uarantined -it+in one mont+, Records recei$ed li$estoc"
in t+e orm2
- Form recei$ed li$estoc" 5%PRTP:BRST0*)6- Stoc" Li$estoc" Identiication Log Boo" 5%PRTP:BLSST0*)6- Mont+ly Stoc" Log Boo" 5%PRTP:BLST0*#6- Log Boo" o Li$estoc" Total 5%PRTP:BLST0*(6- Depreciation o Li$estoc" Total Log Boo" 5%PRTP:BLST0*76
Ways of Preservation
Selection o area
Selection o area is important and s+ould +a$e s+ade as trees and trees t+at made
-ind 'rea"ers, T+e surrounding area is good i t+e land topograp+y o land is +ig+
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and plains and a lo- o -ater and air, Selection o areas a-ay rom t+e 'usy road is
also important to reduce stress on li$estoc", Li$estoc" in Ladang M%CCIS -ill 'e
placed in an oil palm plantation and it is suita'le area 'ecause it is s+ady area -it+
good -ater drainage,
Peta ladang Moccis
Preser$ation system
Free @ra;ing 5@ra;ing cycle6
T+e cattle are ree to gra;e on pasture t+e parcels and transerred to ot+er
compartments -+en t+e grass -as e1+austed and in circulation snatc+ t+e ne1t
round, Integrated cattle 'reeding in 2adang M%CCIS is done 'y installing an electric
ence on t+e oil palm 'loc",
!ays o 0lectric ence installation is as ollo-s2
0/uipment needed
Alatan 3egunaan Ime
), Solar To maintain 'attery&s
c+arge, @et energy rom
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direct sunlig+t
#, :nigi;er Store energy
(, Digital $olmeter To c+ec" t+e le$el o
electrical po-er
7, Battery Store energy and produce
electricity in a c+emical
reaction similar to primary
cells
8, umper -ire To install electric rom
'attery to unigi;er
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, Poly-ire For electric lo-ed
=, Besi pagar To a$oid rom electric
ence or poly-ire 'e slac"
or sagging
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Ho- to itting it2
J Paca""an pole -it+ a Multi4itrod insulator at t+e top and 'ottom o t+e pole aroundt+e 'loc", 0ac+ 'loc" re/uires a'out 7# 'ars to 7* ro-s o oil palm in one 'loc" 5#8
long and )= -ide6
J Install poly-ire t+e upper and lo-er poles, T+e t-o lines are attac+ed poly-ire on
multi4id rot a$aila'le at eac+ pole to pre$ent it rom poly-ire 'e sagging
J Ater inis+ o installing poly-ire. li$estoc" are released into t+e electric ence,
J Ne1t. install unigi;er. 'attery. and solar panel and connect directly to poly-ire
J Ne1t. measure t+e electric po-er 'y using digital $oltmeter, T+e tric" is insert t+e
needle o t+e $oltmeter to t+e ground and placed in c+arge -ire at any poly-ire
-+et+er top or 'ottom o t+e pole
J T+e $oltmeter read can 'e identiied, 5 Best $oltmeter reading is 'et-een
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Intensi$e or eedlot
Co-s are al-ays in in t+e enclosure -it+ /uality ood and clean -ater, Feed are
eit+er grass or pellet or a mi1ture o t+e t-o is gi$en at a rate o (48? o t+e dry
-eig+t o t+e co-s 'ody -eig+t per day, @rass is gi$en in t+e morning and gi$e
pellet in aternoon, Ladang M%CCIS use t+is -ays -+en t+ere is a tour rom outside
parties to-ards li$estoc" and cattle need treatment only,
Photograph
Integrated -it+ t+e main crop
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In t+is country. area planting o oil palm. ru''er. coconut and ruit orc+ards are $ery
spacious, :nder t+ese crops are only ound ertile -eed, Integration -it+ t+ese
crops -ill sa$e
money and reduce
+er'icide costs,
Photograph.
In Ladang M%CCIS
SDN BHD. t+ree
met+ods -ere
e$aluated and t+em
is integration -it+ t+e main crop. ree gra;ing 5gra;ing cycle6 and eedlot 5according
to current needs6,
4Construction o enclosures
0nclosures are an important component in cattle rearing or integration system in
-+ic+ it is place or recei$ed li$estoc" rom outside and as producing co-s or sale
as -ell as or t+e management o +ealt+ and isolation, 0nclosures must +a$e roo
t+at are -aterproo and easily cleaned loor -it+ satisactory drainage, T+e si;e o
t+e enclosure. measuring (* s/uare eet is suicient or a co-. meant or )* +ead o
cattle s+ed o #* eet K )8 eet +ig+ and
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Photograph of Ladang Moccis Sdn.Bhds Enclosure
Factors to 'e 'e considered 'eore construct t+e enclosure2
), T+e lat area to acilitate isolation li$estoc" to t+e area,
#, Its strategic location in t+e middle o paddoc"s so easy to reac+ rom all angles
pedo" gra;ing
(, Near t+e road to acilitate truc" out and in to t+e enclosure or t+roug+out t+e year
7, Ha$ing t+e appropriate dura'ility and made rom economical -it+ li$estoc" +erd
si;e,
8, A s+ed si;e adapted to t+e num'er and type o li$estoc",
Components t+at s+ould 'e a$aila'le at t+e enclosure2
), >ard 4 places -+ere li$estoc" pus+ed rom t+e 'ac" to get into t+e lane li$estoc"
inspection,
#, 0nclosures prisoners 4 a space or compartment to detain or isolate li$estoc" or
speciic purposes ater inspection,
(, 0nclosures reception 4 !+ere t+e li$estoc" collected rom pedo",
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7, Door 4 eac+ parcel must 'e separate 'y a certain door to acilitate rearing cycle
'et-een compartments, T+us acilitating management control o li$estoc",
8, Tra$is 5cattle crutc+6 4 To ma"e an e1amination. treatment or artiicial
insemination eac+ cattle in times o need, gates must 'e strong and a'out t+e si;e
o a co-. t+at -+en a co- is ed into it. t+e co- -as not mo$ing and restrained,
0nclosures s+ould 'e 'uilt in suc+ a -ay as to simpliy control o li$estoc" or
speciic purposes suc+ as to conduct tests or t+e control and pre$ention o disease,
0nclosures can 'e mo$ed rom one place to anot+er place and is suita'le or use in
s+aring as armers associations and cooperati$es. or or rental to armers in need,
By t+is met+od. small armers do not +a$e to issue +ig+ cost to 'uild a enclosure,
Conclusion
Construction o t+e enclosure must 'e 'ased on t+e num'er o li$estoc" to ma"e all
li$estoc" get acility in t+e enclosure
Food and Drink rough
0ac+ enclosure must +a$e a eeding troug+ and drin"ing enoug+, Feeding space is
),8 eet per animal and drin"ing space is ) eet o eac+ animal,
Photograph of Food Through
Photograph of Drink through
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Food and Drin"
A co- needs grass a'out (? 48? o 'ody -eig+t per day, Cattle can only rely on
continuous grass i it is o good /uality, I not. t+e CCP supplement o ( "g +ead
day and minerals s+ould 'e gi$en, Supplements can reduce t+e amount o grass
consumed. 'ut it is e1pensi$e, Drin"ing -ater or cattle in t+e ield are rom natural
sources 5ri$ers and ponds6 -+ile t+e pen is t+e source o tap -ater or rain, :ntu"
re"od pem'erian ma"anan tam'a+an Bu"u Log Ma"anan Tam'a+an Terna"an
5%PRTP:BLST0)#6
Photograph of Palm kernel de-oil meal Photograph of
Salt cube
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Photograph of napier
grass
!anagement of porker cattle
Management o por"er cattle in a systematic and rigorous is necessary to ac+ie$e
good production, All management s+ould 'e implemented properly 'y certain ages,
T+is can guarantee t+e /uality o li$estoc" and 'eneicial,
Stage 'irt+ until -eaning process 5sapi+an62 4
), %nce t+e cal is 'orn cattle in t+e ield. 'e sure to dry. +er panting ur.
mout+ and nose to acilitate 'reat+ing also stimulates 'lood circulation
system, Cal -ill 'e let it 'irt+ naturally and assistance -ill 'e gi$en to
'irt+ pro'lems 5dysto"ia6 to ensure t+ey are not inured or deormed at
'irt+, I t+e mot+er dies or +is mot+er let. +elp -it+ res+ mil" rom
dairy co-s at least ( times a day,
At t+e same time. trained cal eating pellets and grass,
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J @i$en t+e mil" until t+e age o ( mont+s
J Train gi$e grass and pellets little 'y little
J Monitor t+e cals +ealt+ so t+at not inected -it+ t+e disease
J Pens c+ild dry and not cold to a$oid pneumonia
J Breasteeding is stopped -+en t+e age o ( mont+s and replace it -it+ grass and
pellets
J Can 'e released in t+e paddoc" during t+e day and 'ac" to t+e 'arn at nig+t
J Special care s+ould 'e or t+is time 'ecause -eig+t easy to do-n 'ecause stress
o di$orce -it+ mil"
J Segregate any age mont+sor when mature
#, Healt+y cal can stand #* to (* minutes ater 'irt+, Cal$es must
'reasteed -it+in t+e irst 7 +ours ater 'irt+ or early mil" 5colostrum6,
Mil" Colostrum is t+e irst mil" t+at is ric+ in protein. $itamine. mineral
elements and unctional anti'odies pro$ide protection rom disease,
Ne-ly 'orn cal$es in t+e pasture -ere treated in t+e cord i possi'le, It
-as cut to 8 to = cm in lengt+ and #*? solution o iodine applied to t+e
um'ilical cord dry and dated, Dried um'ilical cord -ill all o in 8 to =
days, gam'ar sapu iodin
"at pusat
(, Cal -ill 'e tattooed or ear tattoo in ) -ee" ater 'irt+. gi$en t+e
identiication num'er. t+e recorded date o 'irt+. 'irt+ -eig+t. se1.
num'er 'reed ospring, Record 'irt+s in2J Log 'irt+ Birt+ Log'oo" 5%PRTP:BLST0*6 andJ Log Boo" Breeding Stoc" Num'er 5%PRTP:BLST0*( to stoc"
records andJ Log Boo" !eig+ li$estoc" 5%PRTP:BLST0)*6 -+en animals are
-eig+ed
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gam'ar tag ana" lem'u
7, Cal -ill 'e -it+ its mom or mont+s 'eore 'e separate5-eaning6,
T+e -ei+t -ill 'e carried out and record mont+ly rom 'irt+ until it
adult+ood to determine t+e -eig+t o +is 'ody to 'reed selection and
treatment soon,
gam'ar tim'ang ana" dlm cattle cratc+
Weaning "#eaning process$% &
Cal t+at are at t+is stage is t+at ater -eaning until t+e age o almost a year 5#
mont+s 4 mont+s6, At mont+s o age. male and emale cal$es separately ar
separated rom +is mot+er, T-o mont+s ater -eaning process is a critical time
-+ere t+e cal$es re/uires proper care 'ecause o t+e c+ange o ood and
en$ironmental c+anges
Age Inection Note
( mont+ Foot and mout+ disease 4
7 mont+ Blig+t disease Haemorr+agic septicaema
mont+ Imi;ol dan ant+elmintics 5i need6 Pre$ent 'a'esiosis
'(pansion stage% &
Eirgin 'ulls Management
@ro-t+ $irgin 'ulls prior to 'irt+ t+e irst time. depending on +o- t+e preser$ation
and eeding, T+is is important or pregnant co-s at t+e age matured $irgin, Alt+oug+
emale matured a'out mont+s o age -ill not 'e mated, For 'ee cattle to 'e
mated -+en -eig+ a'out #8* "g and age o not less t+an )< mont+s, Co-s mated
$irgin. must 'e "ept or t+e -edding season gets -eig+t gain to ensure t+e success
o pregnancy,
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Management The bull
T+e met+od o rearing cal$es at an early stage is similar to a young co- to t+e age
o a'out 84 mont+s, Ater-ard. t+e -ay t+e preser$ation is dierent, Cal$es aged 4
mont+s -+o are adult se1 5Matured6. so it s+ould 'e separated rom t+eir c+ildren
co-s and +eier adults also -+o are not pregnant, T+is is to ta"e care so t+at not
disrupt t+e +eier, T+e 'ull candidate must 'e tamed 'y +eld4+old on eac+ day e$en
i only 'riely. and to amiliari;e t+emsel$es -it+ t+e rope tied around t+e nec" and
+eld people, !+en 'ulls aged 4 mont+s. it must 'e installed nostril and ri''ons
5nose ring6, T+e 'ull )< mont+s o age can 'e used as a stud, Num'er o cattle in an
amount s+ould 'e recorded
Log Book Breeding )tock *umber "+P,-P.-BL-)'/0$
Stage Breeding Mating
!+ile +eier are matured at age mont+s. 'ut it can not 'e mated, Heiers are
usually married at t+e age o )< mont+s, Naturally 'red 'ee 'ulls t+at -ere let to
mingle -it+ +eier at )2#* in t+e pasture, T+ere are # -ays +o- to marry a co-2 4
I, T+e emales -ere ta"en to t+e male or 'ull place to mated naturally,
II, Artiicial insemination -ays
Be understood. only mature +eier only -+en mated to produce pregnancy, For t+e
system Garranged marriageG s+ould 'e o'ser$ed during t+is sultry as +e escaped
during t+is period t+en -e +ad to -ait or )4#) days or t+e cattle is sensual, Bull
mi1 emale group -as %cto'er No$em'er and April May eac+ year, Cattle t+at
+a$e 'een mated naturally determined its pregnance -it+ GPregnancy diagnosisG,
Pregnance stage
To "no- -+et+er t+e mated or +eier -as pregnant or not. t+en preera'ly
pregnancy e1amination perormed ater 7*4
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), Contemplating livestock
Li$estoc" s+ould 'e -eig+ing at least once a mont+, For a ne-'orn c+ild -eig+t
s+ould also 'e ta"en to ind out t+e -eig+t at 'irt+, T+is is important or record4
"eeping purposes and to 'reed out +ealt+, T+e tools used to consider is t+e
electronic scales,
Livestock scales
A2 P.,P+)'
), Noting t+e increase in -eig+t can determine t+e appropriate li$estoc" or sale
#, @et to "no- t+e increase or decrease in 'ody -eig+t o cattle to urt+er +ealt+ action,
(, !eig+ing result s+all 'e recorded and updated
7, @et to "no- t+e age and -eig+t gain in li$estoc" to mated
B2 Mac+inery 0/uipment Materials2
Bil, Material uantityTotal
), Load Bar
#, Digital meter 5Tru
Test6
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#, Cattle crutc+
(, >ard
C2 !ays
), Cattle are grouped in t+e yard or easy +andling during -eig+ing process
#, Load 'ar and digital installed in cattle crutc+
(, Cattle are 'roug+t into t+e cattle crutc+ and are -eig+ed7, Ater settle. t+e cattle -ere dri$en 'ac" into t+e gra;ing compartment
8, Results -eig+ts +a$e recorded into t+e record 'oo"s
D2 TimeDuration
), Se'ai"4 'ai"nya dila"u"an pada se'ela+ pagi agar terna"an tida" merasa panas dan
stress, Dila"u"an se"urang4"urangnya se'ulan se"ali
#, Memasti"an ada No, Tatoo Tag pada telinga terna"an dan elas
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(, Pasti"an alat penim'ang 'erada di dalam "eadaan 'ai" dan 'erungsi
'2 Security
), @am'ar !earing clot+ing. ru''er
s+oes and glo$es t+at
suita'le
Reer to record -eig+ing o li$estoc" 5%PRTP:BLST0)*6
32 Identification "identification number of livestock$
Purpose
To ind out t+e age and num'er o li$estoc"
Breed
Facilitate t+e selection and record suc+ treatment. deat+s. transers and
ot+er related
It is 'ased on t+e se/uence identiication num'er o cattle in Ladang
M%CCIS Sdn,B+d
Target @roup
J Preera'ly )4-ee"4old cal
Identiication num'er or identiication num'er is 'ased on t+e Stoc" records o
Li$estoc" Identiication 5%PRTP:BLST0*)6
Met+od2 4Tagging
A,Tuuan
), For indi$idual identiication num'er tagging met+od using t+e tag,
0asily seen rom aar,
# Find out t+e age and num'er o li$estoc"
(, So t+at t+e -or"s can 'e recorded
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B, Mac+inery 0/uipment Materials2
No, Matter uantityTotal
), 9ero tag 5male
tag emale tag6
#, Tag applicator
(, Mar"er pen
7, Iodin
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C, Time and duration
)
,
Preera'ly done in t+e morning so t+at li$estoc" do not eel t+e +eat and stress,
Perormed on c+ildren aged 84 mont+s
D,!ays
)
,
Fi1 it t+e +ead o t+e cal. aged 8 to mont+s in cattle crutc+
# Attac+ tag -as num'ered -it+ applicator tag in one ear let cal
(
,
Apply iodine on parts o -ound
0,Security
), !earing clot+ing. ru''er s+oes and glo$es t+at suita'le
F, Note
), 0mpty tag s+ould 'e -ritten to a speciied num'er
#, Handgra$ing to c+art num'er on t+e tag male emale
(, Iodine Tinture purpose to +eal -ounds and escape rom inections
0radication o lice
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A,Purpose
), To "ill leas and control o animal diseases carried 'y tic"s 5eg2 Ba'esiosis6
B, Mac+inery 0/uipment MaterialBi
l
Image Matter uantitytotal
), Coopers Amiti" 7** c,c #** liter
air
#, Diani;on #** gm liter
(, Nucidol #** 0C #** gm liter
7, Bus"et
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8, 3napsac" sprayer
, !ater
C, TimeDuration
), Preera'ly done in t+e morning so t+at li$estoc" do not eel t+e +eat and stress, Done at
least once a mont+ or -+en t+e animal is ound to +a$e leas at ur
D, !ays 2
i, 0nter t+e co-s in t+e +olding yard
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ii, Spray cattle -it+ a mi1ture o -ater and Tactics 0C, 3eep all 'ody parts.
especially cattle e1posed to t+e mi1ture in 'et-een t+e t+ig+s. armpits and
'e+ind t+e ears,
0, Security
), !ear clot+es and s+oes t+at suita'le in ields and
glo$es
#, !earing ace mas" to a$oid in+aling
F, Note
) Medicines used are not e1pired
# Do not e1ceed t+e dose prescri'ed
( Dierent doses used in animal species. please reer to t+e inormation on t+e product
la'el
7 All o t+e medicine on t+e suita'le to "ill Lices. leas. mites. and tic"s
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5Record all acti$ities in Herd Healt+ records 5%PRTP:BRST0*6
42 Prevention and control of diseaseIn li$estoc" industry. recogni;e signs o illness or +ealt+y cattle is an
important step prior to t+e disease types can 'e determined and
pre$enti$e measures ta"en,
Ta'le # 24 T+e nature o +ealt+y co-s and sic"
T+e nature o +ealt+y co- T+e nature o sic" co-
Loo" +ealt+y. $i'rant and constantlygra;ing on ield
Loo"s gloomy. lieless and lac" oappetite -+en e1acted in t+e ield
His eyes seemed to s+ine His eyes -ere ade. pale red. stuy
nose and t+ere is tric"le do-n o luid
Remo$ing dried eces and moderate
se$erity,
Remo$ing li/uid stools
T+e a$erage 'ody temperature o cattle
is (
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um'ilical cord. t+e
center loo"s
s-ollen.
sometimes
complications
occur -+ic+
causes rupture
5:m'ilicial +ernia6
dress or
@unase"
# Diarr+oea 5Cal4
Scour6
4 :sually occurs on
t+e cal$es are stillsuc"ling, T+e
disease is caused
'y germs
), Diarr+ea and oul
smelling stools
#, Surrounding t+e
'ase o t+e tail andound illed -it+ dirt
(, T+in. dar" +air and
sometimes get into
7, Slo- and
mo$ement
), Reduce mil"
#, 0nclosures.
ood and t+e
en$ironmentmust 'e clean
(, Separate
t+e cattle t+at
in sic"
), Anti
diarrea li"e
Strome;
#,Mi1ed0lectrolytes
(,
Anti'iotics
suc+ as
%1ytetracyc
lin.neomyci
n Sulp+ate
( 0n;ooticpneumonia 5Sa"it
Paru4paru6
), Hig+ 'odytemperature.
respiratory re/uency
increased. sometimes
accompanied 'y
coug+
), @i$e'road4
spectrum
anti'iotic
inection
), It isimportant
or t+e
ne-'orn
cal to get
colostrum
rom its
mot+er
7 Helmint+
4 Stomac+4-orm
normally ound in
t+e cal
), Lac" o appetite
#, t+in
(, diarr+ea
7, Distended stomac+
and s+ag
), !orm
medicine
s+ould 'e
administered
at age (
-ee"s o eac+
mont+ until t+e
age o one and
a +al years
), !orm
medicine
s+ould 'e
administere
d at age (
-ee"s o
eac+ mont+
until t+e age
o one and
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#, I$omec 5R6
or Eal'a;ine
5R6 can 'e
used
a +al years
#, I$omec
5R6 or
Eal'a;ine
5R6 can 'e
used
8, Flea
4Lice are
'loodsuc"ing
parasites. causing
urt+er itc+ing
entrance -ound isdisinected, @reat
lea inestation can
cause a lac" o
meat production,
), To Decide
lie cycle 5lie4
cycle6 tic"s on
t+e pastures,
), @i$e t+e
appropriate
lea
medication
Asuntol
Bo$ino1
, A'ortion
4Can 'e caused 'y
'acteria or poor
management 5lac"o ood or cattle
alling etc,
),Cattle t+at
pregnant
s+ould get
moremanagement
attention
),Cattle t+at
pregnant
s+ould get
moremanageme
nt attention
=, Diiculty 'irt+
5Disto"ia6
4Due to t+e
o$ergro-n c+ild.
+is position is not
correct. +olding t+e
pel$is is too narro-
and so
4Normal4'irt+
position is seen
mu;;le and ront o
legs
), I t+e c+ild
does not come
out in < +ours
ater em'ryo
$isi'le. t+en
t+e armer
s+ould 'e in
touc+ -it+ t+e
District
Eeterinary
%icer in t+e
near uture
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Records treatment in Patient Medical record orm 5%PRTP:BRST0*#6 and
medicines in t+e log 'oo" In$ention medications 5%PRTP:BLST0*86 'y t+e
Eeterinary %icer,
a$ DI)P+)AL +F I*F'CI+.) DI)'A)')
Li$estoc" die due to inectious disease s+ould 'e reerred to Department o
Eeterinary
Li$estoc" samples -ill 'e ta"en 'y patologist to 'e analy;ed in t+e la'oratory
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Carcasses o cattle t+at died rom inectious diseases s+ould 'e culti$ated -it+ a
dept+ o at least
eet and sprin"le lime
Sprin"le -it+ lime and s+ould 'e 'ac"illed -it+ c+al" again to a$oid
contamination
Record t+e inormation in t+e orm Li$estoc" deat+ and Li$estoc" Disposal orm
'6 C%MM%N DISP%SAL
Deat+s caused 'y non4inectious diseases sent to t+e $eterinary department
or Post Mortem
I t+e carcass -as decomposed. plant in a location a-ay rom t+e li$estoc"
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Landill to a$oid t+e smelt 'y dogs and so on,
Record inormation in t+e Form o Deat+ Li$estoc" Form
7, Herd Healt+ @uideHerd +ealt+ is animal +ealt+ and production program planned, T+e
program is sc+eduled. -+ic+ is carried out to maintain animal +ealt+ in
order to ac+ie$e optimal
ran"ed -it+ optimal production,
T+e main purpose o Herd Healt+ Program -as to2
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J Maintaining +ealt+ and production more eicient ran"ed or
ma1imum economic
returns,
J Control. Pre$ent and eradicate dangerous diseases to li$estoc"
and impact on t+e
economy,
J Reduce to a minimum le$el o en$ironmental pollution 'y li$estoc"
-aste and
pre$ent ;oonati" disease
List o acti$ity or +ealt+y Programme
), Eaccination#, De-orming(, Detic"ing
Eaccine Matter
Eaccination
ingernails and
Mout+ Disease
5FMD6
Target group
J Li$estoc" aged -ee"s on
Fre/uency
J T+e irst dose in Li$estoc" aged -ee"s
J T+e second dose #4( -ee"s ater t+e irst dose
J T+e dose 'ooster e$ery year
Met+od
J Su'4cutenous inection
@i$e ant+elmintics Target group
J Li$estoc" aged 4< -ee"s a'o$e
Fre/uency
J Depending on t+e strain o -orms t+at is 'ased on ecal 0gg Countand clinical signs in inected loc"s, For tape-orm drenc+ing s+ould
'e 'ased on t+e presence o -orm segments in stool
Met+od
J An oral. inecta'le or pour4on
Detic"ing Purpose
J Remo$e reduce e"to4parasite
J A$oiding inection $ector4'orne diseases
t+e target group
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J All Li$estoc"
re/uency
J Depending on t+e strain o lice
met+od
J :sing ti"isid 5ti"icide6 is most eecti$e, 0it+er 'at+ 5dipping.
spraying6. pour4on or inecta'le