Evaluation of Intra-corneal Injection of 5% Natamycin for the Treatment of Fusarium Keratitis
REPORT 81.84 (81 G 10) subject: Natamycin. Literature list ...1 .I ' I I I I REPORT 81.84 (81 G 10)...
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1 .I ' I I I I REPORT 81.84 (81 G 10) sub ject: Natamycin. Literature list Lab. Additives pr . nr . 505-0290 Date: 1981-10-30
Transcript of REPORT 81.84 (81 G 10) subject: Natamycin. Literature list ...1 .I ' I I I I REPORT 81.84 (81 G 10)...
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.I '
I I
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REPORT 81.84 (81 G 10)
subject: Natamycin. Literature list
Lab. Additives
pr . nr . 505-0290
Date: 1981-10-30
Lab. Additives Date : 1981-10-30
REPORT 81 . 84 (81 G 10) Pr.nr.: 505-0290
Subject: Natamycin. Literature list .
A literature list is given of publications concerning natamycin
(pymaricin), in the framework of the IDF Working Group E 43 .
Responsible: Dr. W.G . de Ruig
Composed Dr . w. G. de Ruig and J . J . van Oostrom
St ate Institute for Quality Control of Agricultural Products
P . O. Box 230, '~ageningen, The Netherlands .
8184.0
Introduetion
Natamycin or pymaricin is a 14hite to creamy-,.,hite almost tasteleas and
almost odourless, crystalline powder. Is is a fungicidal antibictic
and antimycoticum of the polyene macrolide group, and is produced by
the actinomycete Streptomyces natalensis.
The chemica! formula is C33H47N013, the molecular weight 665.74 and
the structural formula
NH,
Na tamycin 1vas discovered in 1955.
It i s applied in human medicin as therapeuticum in gynaecology and
dermatology. However, this application is becoming less important
nowad ays, because for these purposes better roedieins are on the market
now, i.e. imidazole preparates , introduced in 1977.
At the other hand, the use as antimycoticum for the preservation of
food is still growing . Especially on cheese and sausages it has become
wide application. In dairy industry natamycin is applied in cheese
coatings, and it turned out to by effective in preventing mold forma
tion without affecting the behaviour (taste, appearance) of the
cheese . In these respects natamycin is superior over alternative pro
ducts (ref. K1-K5) .
The fungis was discovered by A.P. Struyk in a soil sample origenated
from the environment of Pietermaritzburg in the province Natal,
Republic of South Africa. From the find-spot the fungis got the narnes
pimaricin and natamycin. It is produces and patended by Gist-Brocades
N.V., Delft, The Netherlands (U . S. P. 3 , 892, 850) .
8184 .1 - 2 -
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According Lo inte rnational consideration, n.1tamycin has heen tox j colo
gically evaluat ed by the Joint FAO/I~HO Expe rt Committee on Food llddi
tives (JECFA) (lit: L6, L7). JECFA concluded that obj ec tions to the
use of therapeutic antiblotics in food occur slighthy or not at all
with natamycin.
An acceptable daily intake of 0-0.3 mg/kg body weight was allocated.
JECFA has also established specifications for id entity and purity of
natamycin for use as antimicrobial food additive (L8, L9, Gulde
to the safe use of food additives; second series, CAL/FAL 5-1979) .
In its 11th session the Codex Committee on Food Additives accepted
the conclusions of JECFA classified natamycin as catagory A (1) addi
tive *), and endorsed it for cheese with a limit of 2 mg/kg in the
rind without plastic coating and 500 mg/kg in the plastic coating
(ALINORM 78/12).
Within EEC, natamycin has been discussed in the Scientific Committee
for food, resulting in an advice for acceptance of natamycin on cheese
and sausages (L14) . This advice is in discussion now in the EEC werking
group Additives.
In national legislation, natamycin is allowed as antimycoticum in a
number of countries for some food products, as indicated in the fol
lowing table.
*) Catagory A (1) additives are those which have been fully cleared by
the Joint FAO/I~HO Expert Committe e on Food Additi ves and have
either been given an "acceptable daily intake" or have nat been
limited toxicologically.
8184 . 2 - 3 -
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Table
Official clearances for the use of natamycin for food preservation.
Argentina \•dne
Belgium cheese and sausages
Canada cheese
Chile in and on food
Finland cheese
Fr a nee cheese and sausages
Ireland cheese and sausages
Israel cheese and sa usages
Italy cheese
Luxemburg cheese and sausages
Nexico cheese and sa usages
Netherlands cheese
Norway cheese
South Africa cheese , sausages, softdrinks and wine
Spa in cheese and sa usages
s,~eden cheese
Switzerland sa usages
Turkey cheese
Venezuela cheese and sa usages
Yougoslavia cheese
8184 . 3
L I T E R A T U R E L I S T
N A T A M Y C I N
Composed by: Dr. W.G. de Ruig
J.J. van Oostram
RIKILT 1980
CC' l\ l L!\TS
A Nn l amycin, g e n erRl n r li c Je s
B No lo mycin in food
c Nalnmycin in and on ch e e s e
D Natamycin in and on ment p:röducta
E Natnmycin in juices and win es
F Natamycin in and on otbe:r p:roducts
G Natamycin, medical use
H Natamycin, taxicity .
J Natamycin, microbiological articles
K Natamycin, compared with other fungicides
L Natamycin, legal situation and purity specifications
M Natamycin, analytical methods, chemical structure and properties decomp~sition products
/ I
;
A NATAMYCI N, ge nero l nrticluG .
A.1 l'lmaricin (De lvocid)
C:• ·neral information- discovery - properties- stability- activity _
I oxi c ity.
H•·port Gi s t-Brocad es 1971.
A. 2 P l rt>df'ICin- .·.'lilt is it?
A.4
(
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l c.::n l i I i er s : r·cv 1 t-·• pi rniJ•' 1 c in f 00d IJI 'I!!>éi' V .•t; 011
Pimaricin, e in Antibiotikum gegen Schimmel;
Zu samn>cnset7,un g , A.nwcndu n g , D·::>S ie ru ng
Chem. Zentralblatt 1 3 8, 16, 133, Nr. 3226 (1967)
VAN EEK, Th.
Pimaricin: The des irability of aàdi ng an Jntibiotic to fooà .
9th Januar-y 1967 .
. A 7 Pimarlcin: multig e neration and reproduetion study -
• Food and Drug Res e arch Laboratori e s .
A.B GB
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B. 2 Pimaricin ( =Delvocid) Application for clearance of its use on food .
Report Gist-Brocades 1974.
B. 3 Meyer
Antibiotica Tylosin · und Pi m~r i c in zur Ko n servie rung von L c b e n s mi tt e In
Allgemeine F leischwir tsch aft 1 6, 3..:,-34 (1964)
B.4 Delvocid mould prevention for food pro duct s .
Gist Brocades.
Product bulletin. Del-Ol/7 8.05.Am.l0 .
• J<ierm e icr, F .
Z urn Eins;1tz. von Piril ;\J'i c in i'.IIJ ' V è J"hinderung dc1· Schinln )c lpili'.-
e ntwi c ldung ~uf Lebe n s mitte ln
Z. L e ben s m. Unter s . Forsch . .!2..!_, 17 9- J HG (197 3 )
B. 6 Pimaricin. The desirability of adding an antibictic to food .
B.8
Th. van Ee k Gist-Brocades 1967.
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Justification for the use of pima-ricin to prevent fun9al growth in food Smink
C NA T A l-1\' C I N j n n 1111 on c h (! c :~ ('
C. 1 Pjmaricin ( ==De lv ocid) Application on c h ecse
C.2
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( !.'QULD CCJ!HflOL ON CHEESE. EXPE R J ENC E \'.' I TH J• OlA' ~d t!:,l ~-OflBATE .(Aë!!J ~ D TO Ofl!N~) MJO PJr,l;\!l!Cil~ FOR SUIHACE lH[,, l i. L: d Oi tiAilD C 11 E E 5 E • ) ',
t.1t•T rssor-.: , N. SVE N5KA ~EJERJTIDNINGEN, Lti•HJlld~h.'S: S\1 1 JIE F.
1977, G9, ( 3) , ! I! - 1 ~.
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J. J. }lol
NIZO Report No. 102.
Ned . }Jelk- en Zuiveltijdschrift ~. (1966) 73-84.
!.'DULD GtWI\'lH [ 1:4 · cH t:ESE liS l'lfLUENC !'.~ '•Y f'U. ::ddCll~ (t~;,T/.: ,•;c;!'\) 011 SOROAl E T REtll~.! EtnS .
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0 11!: F . A SJ~\GLE lREATr.IC:\T AGAHIS l :.•DULD SIJili',\CE l.llli\HII ·.,A·; M'PllED
TO G~'~8l1 AI\D CHEUD.\11 CI-!EES!:S 0:1 û AfS <-3 MIEil !,1 .\ !HJI,\CllJI< E . C~!!:ESES t·:~. ll[ El11l~ l ~ DIP rE D I~ N~ M)•.J EO•.:s SUS •·trJ5 1U:; CU!I IAI I\!NG 0.1, 0 . ~' Orl 0.~'/., rir.i,\RJC!:~ QJ~ '.·:LI: E LSV E RE~ \'.'1111 1\ t •'A~ T~ CS !:'.'IJLSJC~ COI~T;,!NJIIG 0 . 05 Uil 0.\ . PJ','/,q!C!I-1 llR 1 (1 .:. PUI1\ S S!~:: S':.R!J,\,.E . :.lQ'.J!..() Gf<O '."! IH \·:/,S · .~ t:ASUIIE!J ,\T :.:r_;:ITII!..ï llll!I< VAL'.; [) •, ·rn:JC s~ O fl f,G t /,1 9 -1 :! S SO!:G r< E E ~.t C i\::'J f, ' J " "OF O·r<JO~ ~.. !1< 1 •\ 1 :.:[r~J \·: !~ h ,\ r~ AÓUE CJL'~ ~- èJ~;;> fé :·:~iJ O:~ or :' lfo'!J'l !CIN 11!\l) ! ·l ~ l ~!GriiF!C•\ 1~1 ["f' !:CT C•'l THE ~:•O'.JLD GRO:!TH Q•; Ct' [ ~SE S ' I ~ i 'E '~[!l I Oli :'- •J !. '0 :,1t i S . T I<[I, T '.":~ :\ 1 OF C HE ES ~S ':. !111 f't..\ S - ''·'J EI/.U ! S!OI! ' • CU!:I f,Jil! :-.1(; P~'.',\RlC !! l SJGrn F! Cf, ' JlLY DC CI<~ A S ~!) ·.~u ·_;t:J Gf'IO',•; !II Af' I! 11 !i r:•J!\TH-.> ; p~;,SJlCS [!.!ULSIO!l CO I-ilAI!/l:·:G :. :.,:.' ~AH !J!: LA\ Ul I.'Ut ; LD ( ,:,o·,.;rH AF1 E il 3 1.~0:-.:lHS OF I<!PErJ!I~G !:U T !!0 1 AFT!:R G !,,,_.::11!~. I!' UIIDll< 10 CO'.'GAT lo1ÜU ~D GIICJ•::rll OI~ CHELS C: , <;lr< I CI IHG !EN'.. I,!LJS! IJl ()IIS[II VED !!~ lH!: CU;l ]! J(; R QC'.~S, ,\:;9 A cG:.J : r.G ~d lH PLAS I Ie:; U.'U~S IO'.J
liFTER eRI!~ING IS R~cor;. 1.1Et!OLD. (!.' !.:,~ )
(~f'FECT O F p;:,:/,1!CI:: 0!.' :.•U~ LDS /d~D TH!:IR AFLATOXl~ FORI,!AT!m~
IN ,_.l'!:E SE . )
Z~R ~:RKUN~ VO~ r:~AR~CJN AUF SCHIMELPILZE UNO DEREN 1\ F !.. .\ T S X ~ '. n ~ !... J ' ... ' '· G E :: l ;, /, [ 5 ~ ; ~ .
:: :~ c ...,·,.;·::; ;. r_:•: SCH,\FT~l'.'" '.. S :<ST., T!:CH. U!~! V . f,iUNICH, D- 8050 \''E ! I ' r ·.:s::.: ~· ~ ; ,\'·1 , f[!.)E RA:.. ~E ~'_I :_:~ !C OF GER :.~J,:\ Y
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:._., •• gu.J ~ :·-' s : o:: S'JIIl ' ! i~ ry ~i, nguèC]t?s: EN 4 :· r.!:: ~ . ~:~~R:C!~, STA3LE TO H[A! B~LO ~ UO StDEGREE$5 C AND
POS :'': ~. s: :; OF !.. 0 '.\ PC~ E T R.\' :'\G ;> :;.-: :: rl (SO.".~E 2 . 6 tx,~ lt' HARD c·~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 5 '. Hf,S ADV,\'\ 1 :\GES ~~s ,, ~ c ~:-:;-; Efl:,\ SURFACE r\~OULD l~.," li ! êl ~T:" ;I. ! T S E éF:CT! Vt: ':: ~.s J:; Cé:''\ Til~L LII\G THE FOR!.';i\TJO:-< OF ,\ F ~ :.'~x: · .S ~·.' ;\S } ;.; •:[S T !G .\ - C ~ ·' :::X?ERl'•'[f~TS 0~~ 1 3 /\F~:.· :r x:·,-FC;?".:' i\G ~.: ~'..' L JS. ! '\'i !!3:~!0': O F 1\FL/\TOXIN FOflt,!I\TIO~
o:_:>. • ;:;r:~ Cl '\ P~ E'i'::~T ! C'! Q F S I'C' 'I: C~ '. E ilf,l J ON .\:~D NOT ON /\1\Y A'JV· !<S :: [FfECT ON AFL.~TCIXI:'; ':.' ~\CE c:::- ·;·;r:u . EFr-!:CT IVE PROTECTIOI'> OF 'I!E Gi E :OS ~ . E . G . ,\:J ;~::,'.:E er. ·.:O'J ~D GRO':.'TH FOR 8 \·:K, Tt.,:_t ~ LFO~E R :: O'J!H~S EJ\ :~:._ ·1' .~: ;::J ~!C: ·\"! ~ ·J'\ er P! :.~ /, R ICil~. SQ:,~E\·.'H/..T
LAT [ il APP L: C~T l C~ HAS HS ~ [ \ ~ ~ h CE~lo\:N I NH!S!T!NG EfFECT SJ:\ ;:: !: THE TOX:'\ lS Fc :.·: c _' c c · ! ~c :..,· ::-.; THE LATER S Tt\G~S OF MYC ~ L I AL GQC~TH . AF~~· c ~:~ " C ~~~T:~~ !S ~IIRKE9LY F/\VOUI<[9 BY PRESE~CE CF CASE!~ A~~ S _! ç~ - ~y : ~~ ::!"EO BY LAC TOS E . (G T ? )
C. 8 . Zierer , E .
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Disser t a ti on 1974
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1977 , 5 4, (3/4)
S ' U~ ! 'OS \·.'~~!:: ',',\:)~ D" ;;-;~ :'\H ! g J 104 Y E"F !: CT OF P:r.~:.II!Clt~ L'PC't; ASP !. RG : L~ ~S P~ ~ AS:T!CJS, C~ ~ ~ULE OF P~~~~Cl~G AFLAT OX !N, AND PE!;! C ! LL:~·:; 0 f1~J~ ·-··:., Cf,;.. ;,s_~ ~;: J>riCOUC!'\S ? f•T\JL!t\, ! "\ COTTAGE, CHE. t;D AR ;',:.;s- ? A:;o·:::s,\~~ c · ,::~.~· L . ou:;,!l!C!:.; ,v:::o~J ,\T o.s-s . o P.P.r.L TO COTT:. GC C HO: :.S~ :Jf:. : .. -.·;:u THE Sf'- Ofi ·..:LAr !Cl'\ CF THE 2 ;,~00 L DS A':D 11\ H !O !H:J Tf"[!H ~;;w·.-;~H ;;o ;,l[ . •,.: J lH CHEJ~J,\R CliEESE , D I PPHIG lH E CH :C[SE ~LOCKS :>: ~ C'OO ( ! il ?000 i' . ?.'.~ . P!'.~.\R'CIN SL'SPC;S!O:~ RET:.:l:::ED TC':O :,"}'...:ê.) G i1".:':." ~H . fi~Dl ~\S S00 - 1000 P.P . 1,1 , P!!.'.,\R IC H; I?\ THE I'L ~ ST ! CS C C ~~ AP?~:[D •u P~~~~S~~ ~H~~SE ?ROVIDED AD~~O !!\~!~~!C'~~y ~F~CC1 '...''·':'~: ··~--4~: ~.~'::.' ' .. .' .. ) ~": !~:: L~EESE . 1HE :.~OL':.DS
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( SU ~STh~CES ~!!H ~~~~ ~! C~DBIAL EFFECT OF IMPORT A~~C E
CHEE SE '.~AK!:;G .)
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C.16 ('IIJALS \\'!TH ,\;\l !Pf1R,\ S ! 1 ! C AND ANT J FUNGA L AGENT S ON P RQ .J ULC''-.:!0 CH EE SE . )
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! nc id;:>nce nnu cor~:r•ol of rr.ycotox in producing mo1ds in dorn . .:.·~ , t ic Llfld ir";:>o ·•tod c.;r't...'-.!"JL·~ .
[!_ 1 llC'nlf'iln , L . !3 . l!n t.? "n ::l tionill Union of Pure ö App l icd C"le: ··i 5: ry , :o' ycotox ins Sy:n~o~.: !..:r•1):
~vr:. uf Fooc Sc i . • ~ Te::n., Uni v . of Nt'braska, Linco ln , N..:~~~s ka 68503, USA.
,\ r:nul•~S Ct' ln t ~ utri:ion c>: de 1'A1 i mcntation , 1977 , 3 1, 4 /5 / 43 5 -4 ~G
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C a·!l.:ou~er: ctlecse v;;n\,•c1 01 1' ; f,:iç• ~Hl y dur• ing 12 GilYS ripening , 1~ne, ~éiS in thl' CI1CC'$..: Cl'\.:.t thl'y ÎllCI'CêaSt?d siyni f iCélnt ly 11'0111 ..l!)OJl : ne Gth cJay of nip::-nirg \'.'t1el1 expon<?ntial Ç)~"OI·."t!1 o f ;:>en i ei ' 1 ~un: C.J<.:.C· icolu"r vc :: ~:~r·ecJ . 1n Canr.:·n:ber t c h ecscs t ri~~lted
v.- it 11 Pll"~ricin t o in 11ioi~ gro· .. : th of P . c:.:s e icu l um, acc,.m~t~a : i on c ~ Cn a· H~ o •:u~.;..~a:e in t11e cheE·sc crus t 1vas •!luCh les ~. t~1;:•' .·.~~e;) ~ he s:...: :~fac c· :.·\.-.. :;ld \\as p rt·5tn t. l n vitPo st l!di es
w i \ :' P . cas·? i co' um , ç:"u.,·"l in c. 1 i qu i d 111<?(1 i urn, st1o·.,· .... d t t1.:; \ Cil <JCC" '"..: I a : e;;! in t ne my c,,! iuro1 . The p••es ence of A TP or AD P in t he ç;ro .-.: r1 :• .ed i u:n s:in~u · ~::eu CLJ u~ta l\ e ; v a r ia tion s i n p h o sptw t e con .:, .. a:so in f ll;encec~ Ca il CC ulfl:;lil tion in the my celium . lt is c on~ l ude<l t ha: tne ëi.:Cv'"u la t ion o f Ca i n t he crus : o f C.:JII,, ... ,::H'r\ cneo?se is no: -~:J:.: '. <:: si••·p l e d i ff usi on proces s , but t hnt ? . case i co : v •" is r:c t ive:y i n v o lved i n a u i o l og i c<J l acc.di"U 1 a •. i o-: proc\2 ~ s .
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t t1 c· c he c~ ._ e d .~ .:.·::. s : r · '"-: .. : -..., .. . _, · · · -..· f f '" ' c : i v f! ~ · : c.! n c. cd ; n g i t :u t he ~,é-\S ' l ·1: ë..:. '.cr~ , ~.i · "'Cl' ~ · ... t--~(· · ,'. •. '..L· · · ct: ~,(\ o•1l ~, é smá:l portion o f
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~t :(':_\I~~._·T ! ':'~' C' ~ ·::_' ~ -·- G~C.' .· . .. ~-' 0 '\ ~~ . ~·:::;.._! TAL CH ~ ES E.
S ·. •! : ! .... · :: ~::~K A E :: ;J ~ ...... \ S :~ _ ~.- ~ .... : E · ~ "!" 1~ :... ~ :~;~ A ESt . Ft'JECV.. 1 G::~ . ~ .
F UER r,~ ! LCH\'.'1 RTSC 11tiF T, L I :: · t ~ -: :: '.. :_' , S ·.-: ! : 7. ~ K :.. l~o ' ' ::
/, - ! ·;::" li\ • 17 ( 31 103-l CG ~ . ~~' ']'.J,1~'0S : D~ , .. ~ c :, ~· t. r.:::v O F p:·;·.:; : ::: : '' To PROTECT E~::.~ E•-:TtiL c~EESE FWJ~,,
s·unr;,c:: :: ':1:._1:._1) ·,;A S ... _· .' CéJ L' ' ·,::'~R Vii "'JO:..;S C0!:9:TIONS . A s :·~G:.E
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14 ~ .\ Y S ; ,\ ~::c ·: ·~J . :: 't :._":.:_ ,\ .. r-: 1__.\TE I? , E:·: 1~ :-: J::') PROT~C"! ! C~~ :.:·f I' Ft..: R ' HER :. i', , ; ~ \ ~· ~ R : '~ .3 : .... ;, : · r_ ':: '..J ;, T ~ . RE SUL 1' 5 V/, R. 1 E fJ SC'~.·~.':. HA T h'ITII SI•'; ~· :.. :: , :s:: :·;-:; , ;;:, ::.:;·_; ·; ,\l3è.Y , !::F L UEf~CED OY C ~! !.' ,\TI C
CO:; •JIT ! O:;S ,\ :-D DE C'li:.':. Of S"..';' ,\C::: CCJtnM.I!:-:ATIC'N . PI:.' ,\R ! CJ:·J HAD NO f,CJv~r;SE EF::::· c ·; C· ' C:ES:O C~;,:..JT Y, D ID NOT /,PP.H<'.. 'nL Y D EN~ ! ~~!~ THE cu ::. ~SE ~~SS, ~ \ ) ~AS AS EFFECTIVE AS ~O~ h 35 ! UM SO fU ,\TE I N cc• :o~~r<C" .. :..: : ~ _; ·; ·~L::..9 GRO ~·: TH . COST 111\IJ LABOUR ECOro~c :: : ::s
I NVOLVEO AR:': J!SC~SSE~ . (G! ~ )
Pimaricin treatme nt of Cheddar cheese .
D. Smink G. Nuske n s
Report Gist-Brocades.
C.26
C.27
C.28
C.29
C.30
SLorage of che cg<' (4 kg r;oudr!) aflcr lr ca lmcnl \d Lh Delvodcl S or
potr!ssium sorbat e .
S . G. van Lccl!wen
Gist-Brocades R & D section reporting 1972.
S• · ~S !'!Vl 1 Y '""' .... ·.\ '.' YC J '~ (PJ '.'.\R!CIN) OF FU t~G! J SOL IIHO !N CH:C. ! SE 1·.' .\ '<[ I'~~ SES .
ro l!OX 1 , ~~ E l I I: :.' :_ : .. . • ::' ~~
• ':)7 7 , ~0. ( 8) .
13 ;, E" . T• '.: s:: ·:s : T ! V! ry Y (.' ::/,'i,·.·vc ::: C'F r.: QU!. !)S fi':D YE/. SlS J SQ~1,1E9
1,_ , ·t~~ S~ ·,.,;, r,::_wc·_·s ES :. ·~~ · ,[ ·::,1.\ '."Y:: !N li/,S !.lE EN USEO IC.' II V,~ IC (''JS
r : 1~ : '.:'JS ,;A S D ~ Tt:~ ·::·:E.' . ;, r: ; ·~ ~. : . ~lAL 'r' R OF CCtHJt\1-'C:'J S L: ~ [ C' f •::,r;;:, ç : :-. '\ 'J :::.~:. ·.~ ·(.:: ·-: -:· :·. ~ :,s:·:v ::. •:O:;Los 11~0 Y!: :.srs : :~ r?:.:
r ': '...''.~ . ::\ ~G S ~ 1 ~ l~:~'S ~r '.":· .... _:'5 ~~·'.:":.. /' "' ~!..:' 1:~ CH::E:SE .·. ,\ f,E t. l ''.JS =5 ~1 ·:.~\S ·;or ~~,5~: s~:: •..; ·~~~: L.\ ~ :'-:.. ,\~ OKY to :,' O J l!O !'~S TQ DEC;<f.1\SE T HE S E ·~ S ! T I V ~ T Y - 0 ; ; ,\ ' :, ·: Y C ! ·: . S ~ S : :.: ~ S T HE S El-.' S I T 1 V I T '( 0 F I' t::; G : TO r;;,1;.:;.vc:r-: , ~ ~~ D:JC ' :c:; l'" ,',' '(CQ; C'Y.! I·:S !3Y TH E l SO~Al E9 r.1 ·J~LD S
\\'AS J :~vEST!Gf,T ) . sr;;- :, : :::, Oi' ?~:/!C!LL!Utlt Vlfi!D I CAlt;!ll, /, :,1>!:% ! ~ Lt.:S V C:',S CC~Q'I ,\' :'J ? . CYCQP ; u:.1 ISOLATED 1:-.1 TH !O .'.'1\Q<WJ'JS(S PaC:':.. ::: . ~ ·; ~':'.•< é: ~. ·' E'l~·:~·-~.\ l CQ '~ D !TI ONS , OCHRATOX!rl A , s 1 ~ ~ : c·:",. c·: v s : ·. :, ·. ~' ) :: ., ~ ·= : :.. :.. : ': :J.:. ~ J . =?EsP . { As '
E. de Boer Study of the Micro-Plora in~eesestorehouses having used Delvocid\~(Pimaricin) for a Prolonged Period of Time.
(~U !O~h!I C~ !~ C ~~ E S ~ F~CTOR! ES .) A~ lQ\~~~! S lER~·~G ! N I' ~E S:~~~[N . LCOERS, •,,· , F! ll '.'A c:..'!OTT~.' oR STAH :..- t: :.'i,SCHl~/E~!JAU G:.!BH, ~lUN l CH , FEDEf?AL
REP~CLJC Q F GE ~ ~~ ~ y
D!U TSC~E ~O ~ ÄERE I-ZEllVNG, 1977, 98 . ( 37) ' , 1 '/ 1-1 176
T'l[ ;>Lf,:\ 1 US~~ BY Fll U'il COP f,, LOUDEAC, FRANCE FOR THE HA N:1!. !'·1G OF FC\'Tl 'H1 ,\ li D lC'.''.'E' CHEESE : :...; THEJR CHEE S!: STOHE IS OES :..; !~! ?-:0" . THE ,\'J~('\:/,liC c;: rr;t,TJO'I COVE RS THE STAGE S O F DIU!!~G
TH:O gq ; :-;f. D Cr!E ES ES , CC :..•:; q:;(; , S!:'R 1I NG , \\'E!GH JNG A~~ lR EJ.T!:·:G THE '.: · .. ;: ~ H ;>: ;; ,;:? !CIN. ~;u.: .SFE;< FOR TR/\ NSPOr<T , At~D TR~:-.I :.PC\RT
J NlO TH:O STO<E . THE H.\:.' ':.' L: :,(l !S ON PALLETS . THE ~·JL• ;nv
CAPAC!TY !S 120-1~0 l' t .. ~:._E"S [ ,\C H \•: JTH 6. 8 OR 24 CHEES~S . AFTUI 1-2 •.:ONTHS ' STer.;,(;::: !' I S! ;,:; ;t.S OF 8 -17 PA~L E TS, ;HE CHE ESE S All !: R :·:~VECI F<;:.; ·; 1 •' E ? AL :.E TS A'W ARE SORTED, I~E!GHEu
AND L0.\9ED I NTC T R~CKS . ~T ~ RATE QF 200 PALLE TS/H . (FL)
~~~O LD COIJ l ROL IN TH E CH!:.ESE PLANT . UU LL Efl l.~.\N, L. !3. DEP. OF t-OQO SC I . & TECH.,
Ll NCQU~ , !·IEBRASI<fl , LJS II ! TA '- J f.'J CHEESE JOCJR IJAL , 197'1 , li"H)Ui l•lC' S : E~l
UNJV . OF IJEUflf, ~>I<A-Lir.:COLI~ .
6, (3). 1-[l
lH!: 1•'-' lltOR DJ SCUSS ES VARJOUS f,S é>EC l S Or I.'LlliLIJS \o.'ITH RE " EtH:r~ r: E TO rl EALIH CONS!DEflATIO '~S ( !r rCJOE•~C E Of I·O lrfi TI /\LLY TOXlC r: c::!LOS 0•~ RElAlL CHE[SE At/~ PRGLJ UC110' J Of' f.1YCU IOXJNS) Ai'< O CO!~lf!OL OF r~OU LDS JrJ CHEL:, E PLJ,' ol S AN D O:i f•!I LJIJUCIS , UY EFFECT!V [ SAN IT AT!ON, USE OF FUNGIC!OES ( ~ Uf!UIIILS, SORBIC ,\Cl9, P!:Mri!C i rn, VACUU!,\ I'IICI<AGJ :.;G , 1\'!Ll STulu\GE /d L(l:l Tf.r,\P, ( F L)
c . ;.î
C.32
C.33
C.35
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! ' S '! !.' :J!../tl!:D ::u~Ll> C ll'j :o'!H ':.' ! Til Pf"IQ:.; Jcl ! ON OF : •:·''' Q r,,\!JG[ !•~ST!:,\~ Of GH[E'·! S l'Ui;[S . (l.D/\)
Forma tion of rnyco toxins in c h e ese and sa usage after inocculation with
mycotoxinproducing moulds.
Re port Gist-Brocades.
Gutachtliche Stellungnahme über die Anwendung von Kunststoff di spersione n
mit Zusatz von "Delvocid" als Käseüberzug .
F . Kiermeier 1966 Doe. Gist-Brocades.
De migratie v a n pimaricine in d e kaas na ui twendige applicatie.
W.F.F . Oppe noorth .
RZS Report 2e series no. 53 1969 .
Bf'fer: t s of 1\ntifun!lal fLYJtibiot-:i cs npori' the :Keep) n~ Qua 1 :i ty of Cot t age clteese
Exoeri ments with Gouda ch~ese Tre~tment with pimari c in
Shanani
Smin\ , Husk~ns
D . 1
D. 2
D.4
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S:l-1000 ;>p•; Pl ',',\ll! C ! I: C l 11 1! . 1 ~ ~IIJI < ! I. l; r· ·· •·.:: JG , ·lf l ·lf •P l '. l i OP Sl•ll;,v ! :\G ~'E FOII [: Qll ;. ~ T!.. 11 S'." '.:' l( ! l:<i ltfl f· 1.\ ~J ','! IL\Ii t ', I•MI! : , ( j O I 111 ~
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C.\ S ! !!G:> , FI:OSULl~ ··· ~ 'IE S ,\ 1 1Sf'ACIU 1U OI:! r UN ~ ' 11 ,\'11 ". ,; ... !'11 1 (100 P I··; Pl!.:i,fi!C! !·: . FC II r-ri/.CTJ(;,~ f'U'IflOSES , ~PIII\ Y J· . ; \· . . ,. ·:·, . . ;,~;, J[f< J t>,\1' OI! [ •.):.J ,\ U. ·~ t OOQ J.- 1•',\ (''o i ~FE;/1\ [!:, Y 1(.! ~ ')-:•" '· 1'1·,' 1 ;.o·, ;, I, ! C! :-1 I S fl[CO:.' '."L '\0!:0 . !1\ fL' 1i! H[ II l tS IS , f/1.:·: 11: • . .. ·.:> '' ' ti:\L !J 1.'1_,\T S h'!: llE D!I'PE!) F Oil 1 l.'i]!~ I N /:>0 -1 000 l·i''·' SU5Pt•: :.t CI' J: , :_1 q ' , PIUdE[I
\•.'ll H 1500-2500 PP:,t ~l-'SPE • ~S I CJ '\S O F ?1 !,1Ml ! C !1; ,\ ·. ::, ';;!IJ'."LD FOR 5 •:: t< AT E llH U l 'l ":J 'I. CR':! ~% RH (~IJ T H Al lU 1·SDE•~F•'.L ~· i· C). Al TH E LO\·: ER RH, lW '· '·:JUL!) ':.'.\ S c:~:.Lf\ VEO fl rl UI ~ •::t<, f.I U I l lllf<[ \•/ /15 SL ll~HT 10 CGNS l () O:: RM:L E 1,10UL!> AT 1 HE li!Gt1EII Rif. SHI/, 1! !1 ii Of RA ':/ h/d,\ \·JI TH 1 500 PI•\' l'l i.:A'I !Cll~ L E[J TO /1 SUIIFAC [ Ul: / JLIIT OF 2 ti:.~L'~S G/Cf.1 ~· S~'JI"UI!>CR ! P T ~·~·~ · ; TH ! S I S C QN:; J !)[ II!l) l U 11/, VE NO TOX l CO LOG ! CAL S I G' ! l F! C:, :·:CE. ( H UR)
De bestrijding van schimmel bij s nijwors t.
P . C. Moerman T . N.O. Doe. Gist - Broca d es .
(l !:HIU IT! O!< O F u:·:!)ES IR :,UL E f,'OULD GllQO,./TH Q;.; RA':/ :.. Al!S .\GES BY DE l VOC l !) ( P Holf.fll C I ") . )
HC:.'! . :L'!·~li VO !< ~ ·: !:r: •,.:U[ I~ SCt iT E!,\ SUI I::.:.:E LP ! !.. Z\'1 /d .HSI 'J',\ AUF R Cit'.I':.JE~Sl[N DUIIC it D~LVOC !D (P I IMil i C IN).
H ~CHEL!,l,\ tm, li .; ~ E!STrJ~Il , L . e:.~..:r>ESI\ '~5 T 1\ L T Ft;ER F LE ! SC H FOR SCHUI\G , KLIU.1131\tll , ~ EDERAL
RE PU B L1 C 0 F GE 11:,\A l~Y FLE I SCHW!Rl SC H~F !, 1 969, 49 (12) 1639- 1640 Languul)es : DE Sl:llll >lai'Y Lill)QUciQes : EN 1;: llE F. l HE 1\ I~T I E! I OT I C D!'. LV OC I D (P] t,: AII! C i t~) INHlB i lfD CllO \~TII OF 36~1
~~OULlJS ! SO LJ\H.D F I( O'.~ P ! C t{LEU !.1E/I T PRO~UClS . l r : tii!III I Or~ \•/ AS STilO!JGEST AGI\l!;ST .\SPERGILLUS , LEAST At..\lt1S1 I.~UC OI< /,'\'J RlllZOPUS . TR I ALS 1.'.' !1 H P!CI\L!:D SAUS !\Gi:S l RE/,! ['J fl( !.ii'illlf l !>G orl D li'P!,_G (!) liFTER F ! L'-l l; G ! '~T O CIIS ! tJGS ~·.1111 ~u:: ', [O~E.IIT
J I~OCULIIT I O !~, (I!) /,FER I I~OCL'L Al !Cl!~ Aï !) GRCJ::!II OI CUL11H1ES OI< S1\US,\G ES , (l! !J Arl !:!l ~11,•; · 1 ! 1·:G O I' ~ I.'L',JL !J GR•l ;.'' H, G:, vl. :i E S l R':öS l:LT 5 \-.'II !'.N Ffi[SHLY F! L~f:) S/, :.JS,\G!: S 1·:[11!; SPit.\Yfll .1! lil f , 0.2 !:>: ~ SCJ LUTJ Q;.:. !I LTIIu·.:Cu i: U:! :- TO;. ! C , ü!.:!..VOC!ll I S 1- ,: ~.:'- !l'!llltl 
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Th e Effec t of Pimürici n in l!H! Contro l of Ye z, st Growth in Oran"c "'
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hindin,; rilrel In oran~:e juict. J. Food .'ici. 27, 60S-603.
E.4 tShirk, R.J ., Clarl<, W.L.
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I~ E 1 'I. I·.'JLLER , R. ; HC(.B/\CH , 8. ; r.: I LL1ES , K. ; SPONHOLZ , W. R.;
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tWN - ~ OY. ! C , 9 UT /,L SO ~HO\·.' l f~rl ! O il Ofl Y i\C TJVITY 1\G i• I :I~ T YEASTS . ll !S COtK LUOED THAT P! J,'o\f! ! C I N ~tiiY BE US !D 11'.> i\ i' /ló,1 1AL SUBSTlTUlE FOR 502 I N 1·.'!1\ ES ; SO:.':E 502 IS, HD 'IIEV T'il, ld.Q~!RED
FOT< COJniWL OF C.'ICER ! /, . ( 1 Ul3 - IC !1)
Gist-Brocades nv
The inhibition üf refermentation of {sweet) wines by Delvocid
Millcilung der Gist-Brocade& nv {197H)
Millic s, .K. 1 Sponh olz , W . R.
Anwendung s mög lichkeiten des Antibiotikums Natamycin {Pimaricin)
zur mikrobiologi sc hen Stabilität von sauren Getriinken:
1. Teil: Eigensch a ften des Natan1ycins·und sich d a raus ergebende
Folgcrungcn
Flüssiges Obst ll I 439-·140 {1976)
Anwendungsmöglichkeiten des Antibiotikums Natamycin (Pimaricin) zur mikro
biologischen Stabilisierung van saure n Getränken .
2. Teil: Eigene Unter s uchgsergebnisse .
K. l-lillies
Flussiges Obs t ~. (1977) 56-64.
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! ·h. l G~:. 1 G c-m;.:~ l?vC?r \·.01' t 61 ( 21): t1e.;- 11es.
Korth, A.
Fungizid Pimaricin für Fruchtsäfte uncl Frucht11ektare unzuliis s ig
Flüssiges Obst, 437-·Bt-\ (1976)
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F.2
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5 R~i'.
1969,
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F. 3 Starage trials with Delvocoa t t reated appl es 1969/1971
J.H . Bryant Doe. Gist-Brocades .
F.4 Lecithi n e - pimaricine - perspectieven op hard fru it
O. L. Staden H. Hitmondt
De Fruitteelt nr. 38 . 1967 .
F.6
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NATAMY CIN, me dj cD l u ce
V/-.. )/ E~]~ I Th .
T h<:- poss :i bl e j nfJ ue!Jce of 2. 1-,o:-. -r..e d:i c2 l tr .e of the: ;apcu t j C!:.
(antib)ot:ics) in rel<;t:Ïor, tO Ü 1E' r esu l t s o !: the medi c a ) U!.;e ,
June ·a, 1970.
G.2 Raab, W.P.
Natamyicn {Pimaricin) - .2igenschaflen und medizinische .1\nwendun:;
Georg Thicme Verlag, Stu:H·gan (197'1)
G.3 Newcomer V.D. 1 Sternberg T.H., Wright E.T., Reisner R.M. 1
Me Nall E.G. and Sorensin L.J. (1960) The treatment of systemic diseases with orally administered pimaricin: Pre1iminary report, ~.!}~_!i .. ~.)' . .!..-~~~.9.-s C i.!.. 1 8 9 1 2 4 Ü-2 4 6
G.4 R. ~\ICB.ALO'riSKI, E . RODZIEr:ICZ
F i rst expe ri e nc es in the loc al tre a tment of trichophyto s is barba e profunda with Pima fucin.
Przegel Dermati (Lublin) ~ (1965) 525.
G.5 Le traitement des moniliases cutanees par la pimaricine.
C. Grupper
Dermatologia Internationalis 31 196 7.
G.6 Grupper Ch. ( 1964) Pimaricin in the treatment of superfici~l mucocutaneoua monoliasis. Intern. Congr. Trop. Dermat. Naple6, June 1964
G.? Van den Driessche 1 A., et Bottu, Y.
Traitement des moniliases du nourrisson par un nouvel antifongique:
la Pimaricine.
Acta Paediatrica Belgica, 16 (321-328) 1962
G.8 L. JUHLIN, S, LIDEN
Effect of Pima ricin in chroni c paronycbia ,
Acta De r mato Venerealogi c a 44 ( 1964) 349 .
G.9 Cuzern)er , c. , Gosli 1r ~G 1 H.R.O. , Houv:eri , K.A.F ., Van Lecuv:en , D. P. ,
LubbtrG 1 G.J., e l Kok , P . C .
G.10
G.11
G.12
0.13
G.1 5
G.16
G.1 7
The lr cu lm cn l of trichomonal u nd rnonilial vag in iti s vdth pimaricin.
Antibictics Annual 6 ( 601-605) 1959
A.J. BRET, S. SlMONS
Tba treatment of mycotio vaginitis vith a new ~ntibioti o I
Pima ri cin.
Rev, Franc . Gyneo. ~ (1 963) 635.
Nontauban vanSwijndregt (de), L., Rom (de), R., Thiery , r1., Daskalides , J., e t Rappe, J.
Le tra itement de la candidase vaginale par la pimaricine , un nouvel
antibiotique fongicide.
Bruxe.lles Héd. 26 (421-424) 1961
Anonymus (1968) Absorption of pimaricin following oral administration. Unpublish e d r e port from Royal Ne therlan d s F ermentat ion Industries Ltd., submitted to the World Health Organization,
Clinical r e port on the prepara tien "Pimafucin Unguent " of the laboratorio
Guidotti S.p.A. at Pisa .
G. Mezzadra S.A. Fe rrara l %5 Doe. Gist-Brocades .
}·:.~LTE!~ , LE.
Report of an investiga tion concerning pos!:ible allersic si de effects of pür.ari cin in ):,lmc:ms.
3rd Hay 1967.
~
O.C.J. KORTEh~G, K.L.H. SZABO, A.M . G. RUTTEN and J.C. EOOGERHEIDE Some pharmacol ogical properties of Pimari cin and possible clinical application of this antifungal antibiotic ,
Antibictics & Chemotberapy 11 ( 196 3) 26 1.
Pi ll1arici.n-con t ni nin n, human medi cines GR
Clin ical Report l·1ezzaclra
G. 18
G.19
G.20
RPlation he tween M.J.C. to Candida Sp. ~nd Clinical Efficacy
Tll'~ l>cvclopmPnl of 1\c>r, i st <:ln<' c by Canrl:i da ~;pee :i rs t o PolY'-'lH..' Antibiot)cc; ~itrn
Tlt" nnn-mt? rli ca] llc;P nf Antihoti.c c; r~n·-1 thr T~ ic;l
nf' C;:JllSÎ n: l·ii rrohi al 1')r'>(l-1,1rr, l ~ 1 Mn,~r- •
}~a 9 i:IW a
Athar, Hiqne r
11 • 1
H NA T/d-lYCJ N, iox:i d iy
Acute a nd c hro nic t ax i ci ty o f pim<tdcin.
G.J. Levin s kas, W.E. Rid c lin, C. Boyd Shaffer.
Toxicology and appli e d pharmaco]ogy 8, 97-109 (1966) . -,
H.2 Toxicological evaluation of pimaricin.
Re port Gist-Brocades .
C.J. van Eelcen, w. Wubs The Acute Intraperitoneal Taxicity
of Pimaricin and its Decomposition Compounds in Mice.
Toxicity of the decomposition products of pimaricin.
H. Ottens Gist-Brocades 1965.
H.5 Morgenstern A. P. and Mu s kene G.J.A.M . (1975) Further data on the taxicity of the decomposition products of pimaricin . Unpublished report s ubmitted to the World Health Organization by Gist-Broesdes N.V . , De lft , · The Netherlands
H.6 J. ~:ER! KS , Vycofarm Delft (1965)
H.8
S·-:: rr: é:-::-~- of a n exte nsive report f ro;r, J..:J.er :i c;c,.n C;:;. n ~ m:id Co . , ·-: '.yr. ·'3 ~ JleK J EO rr-ey, concern ing their E-tu d ~- of the c h ron:ic t ox:ic it~' o f Fim&ricin on animRls ; a r epor t suppl1ed to the Food a nd Drug hd " i ~ 1 stration, Wa s hington, D.C .
~ !~A R!C IN: lT S TOX! COLOGY ANO USE . C!:RUTTI , G. ; BATTJSTJ , 1'. IS T !TU'O 0! ! NO. i\GRAR IE, UN!V. OI :,', Jlf,,~O . ! lAL\' LA T! E , 197~. ~6 (6) ~03- ~ 00 :_ ; ,ng uaues : 1 T 61 RU.
Pimaricin . Allergy and other side e ffec ts.
Th. van Eek Gist-Brocades 1971.
H.9 Malt e n K.E . ( 1968 ) Repo rt on investigation into poss ible sensitising side effeçts of pim a ricin in human beings . Unpubli s h e d report from the Instituut voor Geneeskunde en Maat sc happij, Nijmegen , submitted to the World Health Organiza tion by Gi st -Br oca des N . V., Delft , The Netherlands
H .10
H.11
H .12
H.13
H.15
H.17
}:11 t TDi , r . E •
Re port on i n vcó. tJua~ : cn!' :n ·,o po!: s iblc sc r~5 :i l :isinÇJ s:iè.e c ffr· c t: of ?:ir.wr:ic:in :in }-;u;:. i.!.:-. l>c~r. os . J: o . JJ.
s~ptc~l>cr 2 , 196E.
t!.AL T:=:H , K • E •
RPp0rt on inve~ti g cti~~s i::to possible sen si ti si ng si de effects oi ? :r.ar:ic:in :in hu:-- .::t:: b<? i r.::;s. ~ l o . J~ J.
Octc~er 22 , 1 96~ .
Malten K.E. (1967) Report _df an investigation concerning possible allergie side effects of pimaricin in hu~ans. Unpublished report from the Instituut voor Geneeskunde en Maatschappij, Nijmegen, The .Netherlands, submitted to the World Health Organization by_ Gist-Brocades N.V., Dèlft,. ;The Netherlands
Observations regarding an investigation into the danger of sensitising
side-effects of chemically defined s ubstances .
K.E. Nalten 1967
Comme nts on r e port date d 1967 Doe. Gist-Brocades .
Pimaricin as a preservative on food-stuffs
J. Wieriks, H.E. S~hornagel, B.L. van Kan, J.S.C. Verschoor.
Report Gist-Brocades.
A seven weeks taxicity study qf pimaricin-treated cheese in rats .
Wieriks J. (1966) Pimaricin in "cheese: a taxicity test of seven weeks in rats. Unpublished report from the · KNGSF-Research of the Royal Netherlands Ferme~tation Indu s tries . Ltd., submitted to the World Health Organization
Y.'JER H S , J .
Pirr.ari c i n o n cheese: a tox :i ei ty test of s :::ven v.·E:eY. s c:: ra::s .
De cembér 15, 1966 .
Anonymus ( 1965)
Data on . the safety of the use of pimari c in as pre se rvative againet .mold growth on c heese. Summary of the results of acute and chronic taxi c ity t ests . Unpublished report from Royal Netherlands Fermentation Industries Ltd., Delft, The Netherlands, submitted to the World Hea lth Orga nizat~n.
H.18
H.19
H.20
H.21
H.22
H.23
H.24
H.25
H.26
H.27
Pimaricin as a prcs~rvative on food-sluffs.
J. \H eriks, H.E. Schornar.cl , J.E. \h?JJinglon - J:uj]der, B.L . van Kan,
J.s.c. Ver s choor, GisL - Brocéides.
A three month taxicity study of pimaricin-drcssed sausage in rats.
Pimaricin on apples and on sausage: a 3 mantbs taxicity study in rats.
J. Wieriks
Dep. of Pharmacology and Bacteriology R b D
1971.
Wieriks J. (1971) Pimaricin in apples: a taxicity test of three months in rats. Unpublished report from the Royal Neth er lands Fermentation Industries Ltd., submitted to the World Health Organization
Knickerbocker M. and Re T.A. (1978) Teratologie evaluation of pimaricin in dutch belted rabbits. Unpublished report (No. 5906 ) from Food and Drug Research Laboratories Inc., s ubmitt ed to the E.E.C.
Report of tbe Pbarmacological Laboratories of the Ecole Nationale de M~dicine et de Pbarmacie de Tours, France, on tbe local toleranee of Pimaricin ointments appli ed to tbe skin of rabbits (1961).
Report on Acid-Degraded Pimaricin : Nine ty-Day repeated Feeding to Ra ts.
14 January 1966 .
HicotoxJns: A literature study .
and Pimaricin 1972
Report Gist-Brocad e s.
Hicotoxins -
Report Gist-Brocades 1971.
Hicotoxins II
Re port Gist - Broca des 1971.
Toxicol ogical data r e late d to the u s e of pimaric in a s a food additive .
Re port Gi st - Brocade s .
H.28 Hepo:r t s o n a1Jc:rf)i C <"nrl scns iti zinp side cffPc t~
l·lay 5 , Oc t ob~r 20 , Sept ember 2 ,
1967 1967 1968
Oc tober 2? , 1968
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Further intermation on the possible effects of natamycin (piroa ricin)
on r e produetion and mutation of f ungi .
Report Gist-Brocad es .
Khoudol<ormoff B. and Petr u M. ( 1974) On the possible development of antibictic resistance amongst fungi with special reference to the use of pimaricin as a preservative in the f oo d industry. Unpublish ~ d report from Gist-Broesdes N.V., Research and De velopment Division, Delft, The Netherlands, submitted to the World Health Organization
Devel opment of microbial resistance t o antibictics with special reference
to pimaricin.
Th . van Eek Gist-Brocades 1967.
A. P . STRUYK, I. ROETTE, G. DROST, J . M. WAISVISZ, Th. van EEK, J.C . HOOGERHEIDE.
Pimaricin , a n e w a ntifungal an ti bioti c .
P~tibi oti cs Annua l 1957 - 1958 , 878 .
J. 8 E . DHOlTHET
J .10
J.11
J.12
Et.udc exrer)me n tö le d ' un n ou ve l 1-1 nt:ib:iotique a nt) fon g :ique , La r :i 111 <J r j c in e .
BuJ J e ti n àe Soc . De rm. et Syph . I?_ ( 1965) 249 .
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' • .':-: : V. OF M IN~ESOTA, ST. PA UL ,
1975 ' <':0' ( 1)' 1 3 7-!39
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23 SSJ=~:·~: E~: ~ ,\\) .... : '.' i: ' -: ~. '." YCE ~ 1;... 1 Q /~ PP~/, T~ ~·; ,\S ~.lCAS~:RE~
ov=:~ ,\ 9-~: C.'\' .. r p ~ =-, !:::; . ~ 1 ~:·~ ... " 5 SLi ·~ · ... ·::Q T t\;.\ T r~:o s -r 0 != "~ i~ Gf? C'':.' Tt-' ! '\~:~ :1 C1S ~ :n ~ hS :O F iE: ' ! V[ ~S ~011\SS !U~ SORBAT[ ~ELO~ T H~
ACC ~ ? !E ~ F ~A ~~PR:1 ~J ~ ~~~LS OF AJJ ! T! Q~ . E . G. CII L C I ~~
Pf<Of' !ONIITE AT rH 5 . 7 /liJD O .:J~~ ':.' ! 1.' \\'li S EFF IL llV[ ;. s lttE sor.•!JIITE. GLYC E I\ O L ;, T l . OV. \•.' li S EFFECTlVE IIT IlOl il l ·il I [ VE L 5 . 1h! S Sll :~y St!~ ~·: E D TH/1T t.:t, 'IY /\P I f/O VE D rOOD r. D~ J Tl V':, IIU T USLD ! :\ !:.~F SYS TE!t S MlE liS E l F!:.C TI VE AS I•O TA :...Siu:;, S :JidJ;, TE l tl PREV!:NT I !~C 1.10~LD Gl"lCMTH . t I F T)
Pimaricin - activity against fungi and yeasts .
Report Gist-Brocades 1972 .
Effec t s of polye ne macrolide antibictics on norma l and protoplast type
L-form cells of escherichia coli W 1655F.
I. Ha upt, E. Schuhmann , . R. Geuther and H. Thrum.
J . of antibictics jan. 1976.
Experimental in vitro and in vi~o compa r ison of modern an t imycotics .
J. Ha ller N. Plempel
Current Ned. Research and Opinion ~. No. 4 1978.
J .18
J.19
J.20
J.21
J.22
J.23
Poly e nc ;mtibjoU e-s t e rol int e rn e Lions in mcrnbranes of a c hoJ c pl ar.m <J J a j d
lawj e c e J) s ancl l ec ithjn Uposomc s .
I Spe ci fj e i ty of the me wbran e pe rmeabj J i ty c hringes induc e cl by th e po] ye ne
antibioties.
B. d e Kruijff, \Y.J. Gerrilse n, A. Oe rl e rnans, R.A. De rne l and L.L.N. van
Dee n e n.
Biochimic a e t Biophysica Acta 339 · (1974) 30-43.
Van Hal J.C., Lankhorst A. and pruis R.A. (1978) Onderzoek naar de invloed van pimaricine op . de pensfermentatie in vitro. Unpublished report from the University of Utrecht, submitted to the E.E.C.
He.izlur M. and Vymola F. (1970) C o 111 p a r a t i v e s t u d y o f p i m a r i c i n a n d f u n g i c i d i n a c t i v i t y i n
vitro. ~~-~~g~-~~de~~--(~Eaha ), ~. 211
IUETII 11. - Micromorphological changes in pathogenie yeasts caused
by pimaricin, - Third Internat. Sympos. on Yeasts, The
Haguc, June 2-6, 1969
Prevention of mycoto xinpro rluction in c:hce ses aJ"'d ctry sauS ."!~ es
. ,-
Biologica! and Clinical Implications of the Terms Resi s tance and Tolerru1ce in fungal Res ponse to Antimycotics
De Boe r, Repeliw·. , Noorrlervlict
Khoudokormof f
1'..17
11. 18
M.19
M.20
H.21
M.22
M.23
P;~ tr ick , J. B., Willi :.~,n s H.. P. , Wolf, C. F., \Vebb, J. S .
Pin1aricin J: O:·:id :,lÎ(>n :1nrl hydraly s is prodiJ Ct s
Pimaricin 11: The s tru cture nf P imaricin
J . Am e r . C h em . S o c . 8 0 , 6 6 0 f,- 6 6 8 9 ( J 9 5 ~ )
Brik, H.
N e w high-molckul ar clecompo s ition productsof Natamycin (Pimaricin)
withintact L aclone- ring
The Journalof Antibictics Vol. 29 , No. 6, 632-637 {1976)
1 Gist-Brocades nv
Methocle d'analy se: Produits d e degraclation de la Pimaricine
Mittcilung cler Koninklijltc N cdcr l a nu sc he Gist- e n Spiritusfabriek
(197 8 )
Decomposition of pimaricin in 0,5 per cent. aqueous salution of citric
acid, sumulated gastric juice and wine.
H. Brik Gist-Brocades Research.
The degradation products of natamycin (pimaricin).
Report Gist-Brocades .
Afbraak van natamycine onder invloed van U.V. licht.
W.G. de Ruig J.J. van Oastrom
RZS-RIKILT Report 79.5 1979.
Afbraak· van natamycine onder invloed van daglicht.
W.G de Ruig J.J. van Gostrom
RIKILT Report 80 G 3 1980
K.1
K.2
K.4
K NA 'rMlYCIN , co'"!Jnred \d lh other funr;:i cides
lnvcstjgnt j o n s on thc hch rl\dour of c heese co<JUnr,s contnining sorhn l (' S a nd
natamyc in r cs pcc tjvcly as fungi c ide .
Joint Repor t
H.r.. de Ruig
1978
NlZO-RIKlLT
G. van den Berg
:.tN ~Il' ACID f,: ·:U Hl l lo\MI!CJN E fiS ~;<~SER V/di\'[S (JU CHLISE f\t~D Sfol' S ,H: :: :<;I;F ,\([ S. ;, CU'.~P /,Ilid l VE L ] 1!: :<;, 1 UIIE SI ULJ'r' .
', ['•) :<c>~:IVL! [l o P . F. VS J- S!!OC ADES NV , û[ LFTo 1-l!:lH[IIL/, ':~S
r ; C) , I~O:. ~I<~ f>/,E l Sr< lo'oi: J( lll -1 l L'SS I<rl! f 1, 197lJ o il'l , ( 4) o
1 L 1 - 1 :> 7 , >. V ! l l ~tulgu. l ~.h-" S : Er: S ~_;n111• ary Li11lQlli1 Ç.J 0S : o:, , DE 1 c' I< E F. ! !I JS 11lVJE\o,'-1YPE AR T!CLE DEALS ',•,' l lH TlfE :;> CO'.'I•UlJIHJC> L'I,OER
li!E HEA !J !IIGS 1~1\lURAL OCCliRflE"CEo CI!Col!C o\ L f.' ::J I0IIYS!CAL PII~~PEilT![S , EFF!Ci.CY /,1;[) \-!Ofii< !I~G lo1ECHfr!I!S I.' o 1!J .~ ICIIYo AIID /, ;• PL!Urf i OI~S . A T/\1\~E LlSI!:~G llf [ A;oDLJCAT!•.Jr:S OI !>ÜI< i !!C ACID 10 13 roUCS (IIKLLJDJI'G CHELSE) /1:W CCJI~CI:. L! I,JJTS ! !.>(; ! ,'EN rOfl 20 LOU~JirllES . PI:.'MliC !I' IS AT ?liE::.E IH Pt:ll!.' l l l[l) ]IJ 20 CO U:~TrllES AS A SuiiFt,C!: PRESERVATIVE FOfl CHI:J:jL: Al ::) DilY Sf,0SAGES . ( F L )
V ~ t,: ~ ~.:! • E . ; s ' ,\ . s ~ :.. R : r.· :: ·. 1
,\:... ~ r .. ER ._ ' ~ :..: ~'. PAT ' ;, , l 1 ,\ ~ Y
! .. '_H_; s ~ ::: ,\ c ['\: s:. =~V E ~ ~· ï -~ ' 4 9 ' L.' , IIJ '.J él Ç:L) :. : I ~ S·_:~ ' ' l (lf' y ..... : PlÇJ Ué-! Ç C"S:
2'· 1<:0 F .
CO~~S ERVE A L WEN 1 /, R l o
(3\ o 17 3 -175 o:: , EN , F R
Tt•E ,\CTIV!TY Of ?1 '/i,R!C~:~ (i\~ ,\ r :~ ! 8 ! 0T l C lSOLATED Ff\0',' sT;l~;.>rc::Yc ::s r::, T,o. ~ ::r-::>:~~ J .\ :; A!u:;T T"E '~'OX~G E UlC sr1~A ~ \'S
AS iJ [ l l G ! L ~ L S F :.. f, V L' 3 :: r.: ;\ '- ;\ - ~ L, : 0 0 ,\: . J 1\ . P /~ R ;'.. S ! 1 1 CU S t; R r< ~ ~ ~ 19 9 AIW :lC'OO ·,.,;,s ! :\ '/ 'éS T: s:.~ !: 'J ;·.; Vl 1~] . RESlSTi;!JCE OF THE. :.l STR.\ l ~S ' ~ ? ! ': ;,•: :c:·. :.Y 1HE !:: '"" :'3!1!~'-1 zo:.;[ l,i ETHClD ·,.;,\5 A . Flf\ \'L:S ::.,~G ~ [AT!::: f ~ :H,\t::.·; ,\. ?,\QJ\S~T!ClJS 2~9~l ~SGRE1\lER : • t,\~''!· S
A. fl,\fL\Sl1!CL'S 30C C. :~C.'~~ L '.' ~ C ~\LC":,\;:: (~ SOO PPr,,) ~~~\D PO TA S~ ! '_:\~ SOR!ltrlE ;:•ooo ;> ;>::) A ~ S:J c~ ... ~ ,· ~!:: E ~Y !t.:~!B!T!O:-: THE 3 ST!I.\l!:S . Pfi '.:'.!O:;t,::: 1. 20 0 0 ??::) \·,',\:., ~o·;:> _ ETO:C.Y !r>:,CT JV E A:W IM\02 !1 5 0 P?:.:~ ~·;,\':, ~ :: :_y ,\:::":"~\'~ ,\ C..!-.~',S7 t\ . r>,\:L~S111CUS. RESULTS SHIJ ~·.· ~Q
TH:O l P! ·.::,J.I ! C ::\ ACTS ;li :'::0-:00 T !:.' ~:. ·. :. :.TR CONCN. ON 10 1 l f.',[S H! G••[R ~ I•C;;:: CC ~\ : 5 /, ;;Q C'J0
_ ' :..) \·.': ' li ;,::>v;,:;~ t.GE CE US ED FOR FOOD PR~S [ !<V,\ ' l C• '\ . ( t,:.: )
r, ; !_ ~ \'/, ~ :.;11; : o:\ -:.·~ FCI( \'1\LDf:HYDE S I(QI~OPOL TYL~SJN AND P! '\' ,'. ~ ~ c~·; /,S i-.C.' :) ~ ... IV ~ S !\! S1 \'~1 ~ A T ~D S! LA G::
~ ... :.' '-' '-f-~·~~ :. ... '.· :·~ : \'.': :.. r\!:,s q ..: 2L' ( G) . !~~5 tR ECD 1976) 069 - !!78.
l!·::; ting tn,:, sa'c t y of a n :ifung al ngen~ s on the heal thy ll( lde r' of c u .-:s.
P•·u'ung der Vc:•t r'aÇJ! ;ch;..,:>;t einigel' antirnykoti scher Sub·;t.:111Zc·n arn çes une!Cil RinC: C' r·eu ~ C I'.
:o'o,H)Q 1 i 0 E • Pul)!: TI1C'SiS o Fi'1Chb,•Peich TiC:I' Il1Cdizi no Lud•:lig-lo, <lXimi 1 ians - U-
ni Vt!r''S ittJt , r~~l.!nicl1, Gcrma~l Fvder·al Repvblic . 1~· ·; 7 0 1 53pp . S,>c J nl Sourcc : Vc>tL'r•ina " y Gulletin 48, 56611 . L111gu aç;es: De S: .. 11r.·"~"'Y L<"HJ u;oge~: e n 57 re f . 5 <•nti1::ycotic prcp:wations used in h unwn medicine were
t eStC'd in differ'0nt dus:1,:.:os on the 11 enlthy udders of 5 co1~S .
ll1 e cJeg i'C'e of ucld C'r' ir•rit.:: :• o "l ·:.iJS mc<~ SuPed both c l ini c;tlly and Dy tt1e rnc:>thod of d i ••c· c: ce:~ counting in milk ( Pr'c sc<.> :t 8 Bre~od metnod ). ~y s t a t irl a•1c~ ~··nr.> 010l e h i c ~ n!) ~1e r•e bo t l1 gene r•ul l y and loca ll y in co: np<~t•bl~· . Pi '"·'"i c i n , clotrirnazo l e dlld a nilo•o'ur :\r" in COS C'S of 'Y) 0. 0 " ~' :::'. ' ('(1 I'!Çl o 200 rn g and 1100 mg/(lu;trtcr ~>·ere t o lc>ro:cc!. ·.-:"'c : ?H• ·' :'' c: :.O<.' ~rcparat i on s o lJ SO:·d in t11 e <~Do vc dosac; e s o ~ .. o .,!c! !Je co f fec:ive '" çpinst mycoti c ma s titi s is not Kf'IO\•:n; tll ÇJIIv t' co~, (·s . tlu .-.~V\.? !' . \•:ould re sult ln irr r-pa ri'l~l e d tJ~I ' i' Ç0 ~o :r.e ç_, ,,, ncu~Ll!' !i ss .. H~.
1.1
1.2
L.4
1 NATAMYCIN , legal Hitualion nnd purity apecification s
Present si tuat:lon r ega rd jnc Delvodd.
(Survey on the present siluaUon on govc r nmenta ) pctitions etc . for
De lvodd) .
Report Gist-Brocad es 1979.
Opinjon on th e acceptability from the point of vjew of public h ealth
of the use of natamycin (pimaricin) in or on foodstuffs.
Report of the Scientific Commi tt ee for food.
Commission of t he European Communities 1979.
A non Food Drug Adm., Rockvltle, Md. A.n~lblotlc drugs. Certlflca~lon o~ na~amycln Fedo Reglst.; VOL 43, ISS 229, 1978,55382-4
c._,~ 'J f,:):)~·: v <: S ,.. ç:: ·: · :.·::·.;r,'d5 c c• ;; :.~!!TE E RE:'ORT o· ~ TH!: REv· ~·,., o e ' '"~ >·~S;: .. .- ·. ·: .. :- : · , <'-' ~ REC!:L A ~ l 01\5 1 9 G2 .
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REJ~CTCD . TH ~ ~ :: " ;: :·: :-. . CC'Y'. GALLIIH , FC"'','!C ACID , H E x.·:::TP~'LE ~~ ~-:~ 1 · ~,\:,1 :'\":._ , · . : : ~ :: -ï y J;-, c:;uA!,\ 1~ ~ TlC ACID , !.' E -,'\ TA :(T/,f? ! C ;,:=!J , !,':X"" 1,;\ ~ '::'!= r;:_··::, ·"'\:-;, ,\:!~' '\ \ ~ SO~" !lJ',1 C E ~ZQ,\T!:. ; e :. ·:z o vL P ~R.'X!O[ ,'\'~) ~~ ~ ~HY '_ ;; Y i.:'C .·. ~< ::~·\',\T~: 1 H E. Ct.Ji~RE~; T L l' PE r,~.~:'lE~
Pil~ · ~R\'1\T : V i: S ;,:; J E ·: T:._', -:' 1 .' :.; ~~ 5 !. E . 50R61C /1C!O , 50 S~.s ·: '\5Cr\ :i~ 1 2":.i· : :. ·. ?::' !C ,\C!J , P/\R/\ -HYD'1QXY ~ :. :..:Z0 ,\1ES, P fW:'! 0 '\!C ,\Ç ! C) , O ; PH[ '.' Y~, c_:;-:> :;:q C,\!<BO~JI\lE , OR T t-; ['-PII i: II Y~ I·"':. '' C' L
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SYR::P A.'.' ' .' F ~f, VCl '...' '·: ::;G '. '.'~· :.. .:; : -:: ·.;, S:.:·.:>ARS Ah'D G!..t.!CO SE 5~R:.J? , I1 1\0 FLO .;;~ c o • .;r- ~ c : ::_· :-, ~ :lY ; :.: S r: c:· ;; RE S ~/l V ,\TIV ES I'~ C/,.'\ ' !:CD ~o ·: .\10<.::5
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5P':C IFJCA~:c·:s r e~ : 'JO:~\T : •y ,\"-: [) PURITY O F SOf.1E Mll ! !J!Ol lC 5. f L' '.') /\ '; ::; i;·_; ·: ;r~~.::..~:..·R~ :): .. (', '.": ;?:, T ! C '\ ::'F TH::: u :; :T E O 11:.\110:-\S . F.\~ -..: 'J 1 r'! ! ': : c · ~ · : :: ~ .... ~·.s~ :. i ~· .:; s :. ~ ! ~ S . 19G9 , ~~)A 1071'P .
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Sr•E C! F lCATIO•-i S FOR I DEI\TIT Y /\N D I'L'RIIY OI SlJ',' I. fOO D AOD !r i VES .
FOOll ~ AGRIC:..J LTU HE ORG/,NIZ/\TIO I~; \•IOf?LO IIEALIH Qh(i fd\lZAT I ON :·/HO FQOll ADD I T ! VES SER I ES , 1 ~77 , 1~0. 11, l'J ,\ 111 PP .
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F1\Cl/ >·!HO [XfJEfiT COI,H.I !TT EE ON FOOO ADD! T IV ES 't.'i '! CII '.'!I 1:1 ROI,I E Ot·: :' 1-29 ,\PR I L 19 76 l S EE f5 11i (1 977 ) '1 GIJ 1 'J l. ') f·L •.:l'' JU,l J ONS (S'J'.'E Of l H E:.~ TE!-:I Ii l ! VE). COVl!? ! NG ~ Yr<o·; ,•,•s , ! l ' r 1'1! T JON , OESCR JP l ! OI~ , fUI!C! !U: :.'\L VSE S , CH ;,R,\C!Erl!SI!C ~' l•'i :i r,l !.I HOD OF AS S AY AR E G I VEt~ r Oil 1 HE FOLLO\'ili~G ;,!)() !I :V ES : f, <, :•,\l<f,\ :.' (: , f-Vl/1N f'FI•S li-J , Ci\LC]lt(,\ i!Y O!WGEN SUL PH ! lE , Cû2, !.l ! !ê lll~"llli G LYCOL !,~O l~OET HYL El HEil , DODEC YL GAl tf,TE , GLY C' 1101., 1il \'C EROL OIACET ATE , HCL , 1.1/\Gf\ES !Ur.1 S lL! CA l E , N:' . OUYL C•\LL.\ TE , OXY51EAR.lN , PEtiT.\SO!JIU::. TR!PHOSPHAT!:., l'll.l/\RILJt-1 , f•tJl.Y\'lii YLPYI(-flOL ! !JONE , PO't:OlllE!) CE L LULOSE , I'ROI'f L Gi\LI_,\IE , f'lt :IPYL( ~~E G~YCOL , SQDJ U!.~ POL\'I·t18SPHAIE (G LIISS Y) , SOfH3 1C ,\(] [) , !; tl ll[l J TOL , S~CrWGLYCLrl lDES , S'JCRQSE !.:STERS OF F/,1 TV 1\CIDS , !.lW H 2 SlJ 'l. H i ! S DOC'JI.~ENT IS •\LSO f'~ULISHED /,S 1'110 t GuO /dW 1Wi il l T J ON SE ll I ES NO • I B . ( A L )
Specification for id e ntity and purity of thickening agents, ánticaking
agents, an~imicrobials, antioxidants and emulsifiers .
Joint FAO/WW e xpe rt commi t tee on food ad di tives
FAO Food and Nutrition paper 4, Roma , 1978 .
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CURHEN T FOOD IIDD ! T IVES LLG I SLAf iON- UELG!UM. F CJC'O 11::0 AG R 1 CU L 1 Ufl E ORGI\'1! ZA T I ON CUflllEt\ 1 FOül) i\ DD l T I VE~ LEG I SL/\1 1 01~, !'.'60,
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Terms of r eference , to g~ve an apinion on the acceptabili ty from the point of v1ew of public health of the use of natamycin (pimaricin) in or on foodstuffs - EEG scientific Committee for Food, april 1980 .
Pimarizin zur Oberflächenbehandlung van Käse wird zugelassen .
Deutsche Milchwirt sch a ft ~~ 1981 (Aktuelle Na chrichten) .
1-1.1
11.2
H.4
H.6
M NATAHYCIN, analytical melhods, chemical slructure nnd prçpe rties
decomposi tion products
Pimaricin- identificat ion and analysis .
Report Gist-Brocades 1972.
Gist-Brocacles nv
Pimaricin- JdentifJcatiun ï-1nd analysis
Mitteilung der Koninklijh e N e derlanclsche Gi s t- en Spiritusfabriek
{1974)
Uber den Nachweis von Natamycin in Lebensmitteln
E. Kaufmann 1978
G i s t - Brocades nv
Pimaricinnachweis: Spektralpholornetrische M e thode
Mitteilung der Koninklijl~12 N e d er l a nd sche Gist - en Spiritusfabriek
De vloeistofchromatografi sche b e paling van natamicin in kaas.
Internal pre scription F41
RZS-RIKILT 1978-01-19 .
Microbiologische pimaricine b e paling
Internal prescription E6.
RZS-RIKILT 1961-11- 07.
(!)!: T ER:.'!I-.!.'IT! C'~ OF ~ : r: :,RIC! '~ 11\ CHEESE . ) K ~LSTA, H . ; ~q[~lh , ~. \' ,\ :.. : c ~ L ,, e . . \...,':: :... s : :, ., : , K~RJA~T~~T ~. ' 9 ~ 1 I
L ... ·Ç !..!i:l~ê'S: F l 5 ;;~F .
F :'~ L fl\'0
'.)t; (3) 90-91
C"l.:'SE flf\9 ':.AX C:'•~T ! :\G \·.'E RE EXTRACED \•i! TH r.:E TH AriO L BY THE r.I E~•;S:) R E CC:.' '.~Et\JE :) SY T~ E F,\(' , TH[ EXTRACT CL E A~ ED BY GEL F! L ' RA T I~N CN SE~H~J ~ X ~~- ?0 AN9 lT S Pl~AQ!ClN CON TE NT EST :~.:.\TE:' SP :O C'<é.'P~ ·::;· c ·: : rR: CAL:..Y B Y :.'EASUR E '.~ENT OF THE EXT ! ~CT!~NS ~; 7 ~ 0- J} A A~~ 318 N~. THE ~ETHQD WA S ~ORE RAP!ü THA•: T~E F,\ Q •:~c ;;J:; :•.::::.C'G:C .\ ~ :.' (': !H(' :J A~JC} I,' Oi?E S PEC ! F J C THAN TH,\: ~s;r;c H :é. '.' Ei •t o',,Q:_ t::C<I ACT . PP.:IIR!CI :\ C0,'\1 ~1.,'TS OF THE I.:~TII ,\ N-:::.. ~X TR.\C' S T'l!:;, : :. ::> ~ \' GE L F I LTR/,1JC:~ •.·: ~ rE Jto: TH E R.\r~GE 7-6 o ~.s ·,: :.: ~=-s G.t\·:.. < ::;< 1
~~. 8 \Oll!_C l! OU 01 f-'!l,l;,fl JCJ N 01•~ lH[ ~;u·IHI\<.:l Of LIIEI:~•I.) t~,\Ctl;•/[ 1 5 VO', P ]l,l;,ll!C I I·l 1\ 1.11 OEfl 1\I•(SLU!JEI<Fl.', l(.;lll . r 11r. Ut . •,.: . Ct•f. ·,:. 1: LE !J( • ;~,·.Jli [L··L'I\ IIII ~UCII'J I>u~I\' . ~,1/\LT, 11/,~i. !J"JH; , I UJ[fiAL
fl[ :•t.:~:. ! r. LlF (il 'i'."IIIIY 1.1 ! l C 11 ;; ! : • S [I;".: l ol Af' I , 1 ~I'/'/ ' J:•. (?)' GG-G7 ~:lfH) l. .1 1:h: ~ : D!... ~,)t,fl ol lldl' '-/ t di'H) Uoli.l\ .. •!:J: ~',' ~ ll[r . :..'Sli~G li!E ~.:(11 !00 0~ ZJ[I1 1.1< (DISSÇRTAI JOl~ , lLCII. lJIJ I VEf<S J Tt.ET
I,I:Jl 'O:CIIUL 1U7 ·1), !,l.JGH 1 :.f '.'O:llf i (D , /1 :> -:! 1.:•.1 111!<.:1\ LAf[ll Of C'1~[S[ ~,· ,~s R!: :.'UV ED ffiC>;,J lil [ SUilfACE OF T!tE <.:HL['jl , E>:III:.(;TED ·,,'f ' H ~.1[ 111,\iW :. t.•.'J Af-1,\LY SEO ~I Y UV Sl•ECTilOPHOl C'.'[III Y; DL :[Cl J ON LJ I.1 !T \'!1\~> 100 t:ü PJ :.'I.II !CII\ ' r: L . IDUn!FICAl!C'~ OF 1'1'.' /,IIILIN \·11.5 ACH!lV['J UY I:.C /,li'J H!Cii PII [SS UII [ Ll()Ul'J ' Ct!lnJ~.l/,lliGII/, P HY (flEVEkSE'J f-'HAS~); ~[l[CllU~ Ll~!lS W[RE 0.4 SS~Ui~ G (PUUE J>J!,\ARJCJ'·: SOL'J~ !ON) A~F) ::?0 I~G IIESf,ECTIVELY . (OI.~ .~)
M.9 Patriek J.B., Williams R.P., et Webb J.S.
M.10
M.11
M.12
M.13
M.15
Pimaricin.2 The structure of pimaricin.
J. Am • .Chem. Soc. 80 6688-6689 1958
Polyene macrolide antibiotics: t~e struc tur es of fungichromin,
pimaricin and filipin.
0. Ceder
Svensk Kemisk Tidskrift 76:5 (1964).
CEDER, 0.: Pimaricin. IV. Jnvestigations on thc pattem of unsaturation and oxygenation and the empirica! formula. Acta Chem. Scand. 18: 103 ~ 110, ~ 964
Pimaricin. VI Complete s truc ture of · the antiblotic
0. Ceder.
Acta Chemica Scandinavica ~' (1969)~ 126-134.
. '
Ctnu, 0 ., \VAISVtH, ]. M 1 VAtf or.a Hor.vr.H, M.G., and RvJJAr.r:, R. (196l). Otx:r die Struktur \ 'On rlmarlón. Cl.imi• 11, 3Sl-JS4.
The s truc ture of the macrolide antibiot ic'pimaricin .
B.T. Golding, R.W. Rickards, W.E. Me ye r, J.B. Patrick, M. Braher
Tetrahedron Letters 30, (1966) 3551-3557 .
Pe r gamon Press Ltd .
Pimaricin, dess egenskaper och kemiska bestämning
Rapport, SMRC 1972-06-07.
Meye r, W .··E.
P imaricin: the G ly co:.;id i c Form of Mycosamine
Chemie a l Communications 2b0 , 4 70-4 71 (1 968)
'I
