Repair systems: Better than their reputation! - IKT · Repair systems: Better than their...
Transcript of Repair systems: Better than their reputation! - IKT · Repair systems: Better than their...
IKT product test
Repair systems: Better than their reputation!Surprisingly good results in the IKT „Repair Systems“ test
Partial repair or rehabilitation of drains and sewers enjoys an at best dubious reputation. The corresponding systems are considered unreliable in operation, and not particularly durable. IKT‘s most recent product test, on
„Repair systems for main drains“, on the other hand, arrives at a more encouraging conclusion: five of the twelve systems ana-lyzed received a „Good“ grade, four „Satis-factory“, and only three a „Sufficient“.
Repair techniques are used extremely frequently in Germany when there is a need to eliminate isolated conduit damage. They are then pre-ferred, frequently for cost reasons, over the alternative rehabilitation options, those of com-plete renewal and section-by-section renovation. Throughout Germany, around 25% of drain and sewer damage are tackled by means of repair methods (renovation: 26%, renewal: 49%; source: DWA survey, 2004).
Repair systems under testTwelve repair systems in current use, subdivided into three groups, were submitted to compara-tive testing:
1. Injection and grouting/pressure filling Janßen Riss- und Scherbensanierung (Janßen crack and fragmentation repair system), Umwelttechnik Franz Janßen GmbH
KASRO 2 Komponenten-Verpresssystem (KASRO two-component pressure-filling system), ProKASRO Mechatronik GmbH
KA-TE PMO-Verfahren (KA-TE PMO system), KA-TE PMO AG
2. Short liners 3P-Plus-Kurzliner (3P-Plus short liner), sikotec GmbH / JT-elektronik GmbH
ALOCIT Kurzliner (ALOCIT short liner), ALOCIT Chemie GmbH
K-LINER, Kuchem GmbH KM-Kurzliner (KM short liner), KMG Pipe Technologies GmbH
Konudur Sewer Repair Kit (VP), MC-Bauchemie Müller GmbH & Co. KG
Point-Liner®, Bodenbender GmbH
3. Internal sleeves Quick-Lock, UHRIG Kanaltechnik GmbH Quick-Lock mit einseitiger Aufbördelung (Quick-Lock flared at one end), UHRIG Kan-altechnik GmbH
Stuttgarter Hülse (Stuttgart Sleeve), Haas GmbH & Co. KG
Clients and steering committeeThis product test was financed by the environ-ment ministries of the German states of Baden-Württemberg and North Rhine-Westphalia, and twenty-six municipal drain/sewer-system opera-tors. The latter, in particular, are in need of neu-tral and independent evaluation of the available procedures, in order to provide a better basis for their investment decisions in future.
The participating municipalities formed a steer-ing committee which met a total of eleven times and took all the central decisions. It decided, for example, which systems were to be tested, how the test program should be compiled, and which test criteria were to be taken as the basis.
Finally, it also decided on the concluding award of grades.
Test programThe central elements of the test program are provided by the system suppliers‘ Quality Assur-ance and the system tests.
Manuals, training provisions, third-party super-vision, environmental impact certificates and technical approval by the Deutsches Institut für Bautechnik (German Institute for Building Tech-nology, a government body, German abbrevia-tion: DIBt) were registered and evaluated, inter alia, for the Quality Assurance item.
Four test lines consisting of concrete and vitri-fied clay, with nominal diameters ranging from ND 200 to ND 600, and also an additional ND 400/600 oval-section concrete line where the corresponding system could be used, were set up in the IKT test facility for each system for the purpose of the system tests. Typical forms of damage, such as transverse and longitudinal cracking, spalling, fragmentation and leaking joints were artificially incorporated into these conduits. Precisely the same amounts and types
System operators examine the repair results
Example of „branching crack“ damage type in vitrified clay pipes
Test conduits in the IKT test facility
49 IKT
IKT product test
Example of short liners without (top) and with (down) visible traces of high-pressure flushing
of damage were assigned to all test participants, who were then instructed to repair it.
The rehabilitation target was that of restoring the tightness and correct functioning of the conduit. Each participant was responsible for deciding how to achieve this, i.e., planning, conception, surface pretreatment, repair and any necessary reworking. The only additional condition imposed was that the repairs had to be performed without trench working, i.e., via the end manholes of the test conduits. There was no time limit.
High-pressure cleaning operations of fifteen flushing cycles per repair point (flushing load from fifteen years of operation, assuming annual flushing) were performed after completion of the work, in order to simulate operating load-ings. Slight to clear traces of the cleaning opera-tion remained apparent at many repaired points during the subsequent inspection.
FunctionThe function test evaluates whether the conduit section‘s assuredness of disposal has been restored. Every repaired point was awarded a grade by the system operators on the criteria of visual appearance, stabilization/protection of the damaged point, and possible flow obstructions.
In the case of the short liners, the surface, in the base zone, at least, was generally slightly roughened. In individual cases, glass fibers were also exposed, or detachment of material and cracking had occurred. Annular gaps or edges in the boundary zones were also measured on individual short liners.
In the injection and grouting/pressure-filling group, detachment of material had occurred in some cases in the Janßen Riss- und Scherben-sanierung, and in the KASRO 2 Komponenten-Verpresssystem. In most cases, such detachment of material was, it is true, of no importance for the sealing action of the repair and could be removed, but could also form obstructions to flow. In the case of the KA-TE PMO-Verfahren, small upturns on the edges of the resin bodies had occurred at a few points only. Flushing damage, significant in some cases, in the form of indentations, was observed in the case of the Stuttgarter Hülse, for which an incorrect tooth setting based on the manufacturer‘s data
tight repaired points, respectively. The Konudur Sewer Repair Kit (VP) short liners, in which weak points within the GRP laminate resulted in leaks, passed the tightness test up to the highest pres-sure level only in two of twelve cases. The other three short liners systems tested were all in the mid-range.
The results obtained with the three internal sleeves tested were similarly dispersed: in the case of the Stuttgarter Hülse, for which, accord-ing to the manufacturer‘s information, an incor-rect tooth dimension had inadvertently been used, thirteen of fifteen repaired points leaked at all pressure levels. Tightness at nine of twelve repaired points up to and including 0.5 bar and of one up to 0.1 bar was demonstrated for the Quick-Lock sleeve flared at one end, on the other hand. In the case of the Quick-Lock sleeve without flaring, five of twelve repaired points remained tight at pressure levels of between 0.05 bar and 0.5 bar after high-pressure cleaning.
Test resultsIt is apparent, all in all, that successful conduit rehabilitation using repair systems is possible in principle. Significant quality differences are apparent, however. The grades awarded in each system group range, for example, from „Good“ to „Sufficient“. The system tests performed in the IKT test lines (weighting: 85%) and the
had resulted in incorrect tensioning of the sleeve. Edges, in some cases significant, had also formed on some sleeves, due to remnants of resin.
The two Quick-Lock sleeve variants tested pro-duced differing results: in the first model tested, with no flaring, defective teeth on the locking wheel were observed after high-pressure flush-ing. This caused declining tensioning of the sleeve, with a corresponding reduction in its internal diameter, and therefore leaks. The sleeve subse-quently tested, flared at one end, did not exhibit damage of this type. In both variants, upturns of a few millimeters can occur in the overlap zone of the sheet, depending on gap formation.
TightnessBefore and after high-pressure cleaning, all the repair points were subjected to hydraulic pres-sure testing for tightness, at increasing pressure levels of between 0.05 and 0.5 bar. The test times at each pressure level were between 15 and 30 minutes. The verdict of „Tight“ or „Not tight“ was awarded in the case of the tightness tests following the high-pressure flushing opera-tion (which was significant for evaluation by means of visual assessment of egress of water on the exterior side of the pipe at the point of repaired damage). Differentiation of the „Tight-ness“ test criterion was made on the basis of the six test-pressure levels.
In the injection and grouting/pressure-filling group, all the repaired points relevant for assess-ment remained tight up to at least 0.1 bar in the case of the Janßen Riss- und Scherbensanierung and the KA-TE PMO-Verfahren. At the highest pressure level, only six of the twelve repaired points (Janßen Riss- und Scherbensanierung) and twelve of fifteen repaired points (KA-TE PMO-Verfahren) remained tight at the high-est pressure level. In the case of the KASRO 2 Komponenten-Verpresssystem, on the other hand, eight of twelve repaired conduits were not tight at any pressure level. Difficulties had occurred with the pressure-filling operation dur-ing the repair operation, with the consequence that a number of damaged points had not been completely filled with the repair resin.The results of tightness testing also varied great-ly in the short liners group. The 3P-Plus Kurzliner and KM Kurzliner were significantly above the average, with a tightness rate of 11/12 and 9/11
50IKT
system suppliers‘ Quality Assurance (weighting: 15%) were evaluated.
The best result in the injection and grouting/pressure-filling group, and simultaneously the best result in the entire test, was achieved by the KA-TE PMO-Verfahren, which received the grade „Good“ (1.6), followed by the Janßen Riss- und Scherbensanierung, also with a grade of
„Good“ (2.3). The recently developed KASRO 2 Komponenten-Verpresssystem still exhibited sig-nificant need for optimization, and was awarded only a grade of „Sufficient“ (4.0).
In the lead in the short liners group are the KM-Kurzlinerand 3P-Plus-Kurzliner, each with the grade of „Good“ (2.2). The K-Liner (Grade: 2.8), the ALOCIT short liners (Grade: 2.9) and the Point-Liner® (Grade: 3.1) were all in the mid-range, with a grade of „Satisfactory“. The Konudur Sewer Repair Kit (VP), a recent development with a significant requirement for optimization, failed to achieve a grade better than „Sufficient“ (4.2).
A similar spread in the grades awarded was also apparent in the case of the internal sleeves: the modified Quick-Lock sleeve flared at one end achieved a „Good“ (2.2), whereas the previ-ously tested Quick-Lock sleeve without flaring received a „Satisfactory“ (3.1). The Stuttgar-ter Hülse (Grade: 4.3) manifested significant
weaknesses and is now no longer available in its present form for waste-water conduits but is, according to the manufacturer, instead now used in combination with a short liner.
All in all, all the systems exhibited various weak-nesses and strengths. The three systems which were awarded only the grade of „Sufficient“ can, in the development status as tested here, scarcely be recommended for practical use. The manufacturers of the three systems have, howev-er, already reacted to the results of the test, with the consequence that further development work has been initiated, and that these systems are no longer available in the form as tested at IKT.
On-site execution decisiveNot only the material components and selection of the system, but also on-site execution, are decisive for the quality of a repair. This applies to all systems, irrespective of their evaluation within the test scope. All working operations, ranging from the conception of the repair, e.g., the length and number of layers of a short liner, via the type and scope of preparatory work, up to and including the actual repair operation and finishing work, can have a significant influence on subsequent quality.
There is, in principle, the risk with all the repair systems that important work may be hurried - or even omitted - on site, whether for reasons of time and/or cost, and differing quality standards at the various contractors, or as a result of this work not being expressly specified - and there-fore not remunerated - by the client. This applies, in particular, to preparatory and support provi-sions, such as high-pressure flushing, cutting and milling work, and the withdrawal from service of conduit sections, the (lack of) satisfactory execu-tion of which is not immediately apparent at the acceptance inspection of the completed repair.
The client can combat these factors by ensuring that, at the initial stage, the necessary prepara-tory work is included in the invitation to tender. In a second step, the materials used, the nature and scope of the preparatory work performed, and of the repair systems, can be monitored - on a random-sample basis, if necessary - in the con-text of site supervision. Otherwise, repair docu-mentation, including images of the damaged point before starting work, after completion of
the preparatory work and after completion of the repair, should at least be required.
Product-improvement cycle stimulatedThe aim of the IKT product test is that of com-paratively evaluating the quality of repair sys-tems, outlining potential for improvement and, simultaneously, stimulating corresponding mar-ket pressure, in order that the suppliers utilize these potentials. The drain/sewer system opera-tor, as the client, is the person who stipulates the quality requirements for the products, and how the products perform on these criteria.
Four of the twelve systems tested have already been taken off the market as a result of the results obtained in these tests, or have been replaced by a modified system or a previously envisaged market launch postponed. Alterna-tives for two of the systems are already available on the market, and the two other systems are currently undergoing improvement.
AuthorsDipl.-Ing. (FH) Kathrin HartingDipl.-Ök. Roland W. WaniekIKT - Institute for Underground InfrastructureGelsenkirchen, Germany (Result tables on the following pages)
Example of injection/grouting without (top) and with (down) visible traces of high-pressure flushing
Example of sleeve without (top) and with (down) visible traces of high-pressure flushing
51 IKT
IKT product test
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ang
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er A
nbie
ter
setz
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doch
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Tes
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„nic
ht a
ngeb
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“ =
Das
Ver
fahr
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ird n
icht
für
den
Ein
satz
in B
eton
rohr
en D
N 4
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00 a
ngeb
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Bew
ertu
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nach
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n“ =
Ver
fahr
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urde
in S
tein
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tstr
ecke
DN
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mit
drei
und
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en M
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n un
ter
Was
serz
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gese
tzt s
owie
mit
Auß
enw
asse
rdru
ck b
elas
tet u
nd s
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che
Rep
arat
urst
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n ze
igte
n be
i der
Inne
nins
pekt
ion
kein
e W
asse
rein
tritt
e;
„n
icht
nac
hgew
iese
n“ =
Ver
fahr
en w
urde
get
este
t und
min
dest
ens
eine
Rep
arat
urst
elle
zei
gte
bei d
er In
neni
nspe
ktio
n W
asse
rein
tritt
e; „
nich
t gep
rüft
“ =
Ver
fahr
en w
urde
nic
ht g
etes
tet
*
Not
enbe
rech
nung
auf
Bas
is u
nger
unde
ter
Wer
te
Bew
ertu
ngss
chlü
ssel
der
Prü
ferg
ebni
sse:
Seh
r gu
t = 1
,0 -
1,5
. Gut
= 1
,6 -
2,5
. Bef
riedi
gend
= 2
,6 -
3,5
. Aus
reic
hend
= 3
,6 -
4,5
. Man
gelh
aft =
4,6
- 5
,5. U
ngen
ügen
d =
5,6
- 6
,0.
//
Syst
em te
sts i
n te
st li
nes:
Rep
air o
f thr
ee p
oint
s of d
amag
e in
eac
h ca
se in
four
sand
-cov
ered
ND
200/
ND 3
00 v
itrifi
ed c
lay t
est l
ines
and
ND
300/
ND 6
00 c
oncr
ete
pipe
s with
gre
ase
depo
sitio
ns
Dam
age
in v
itrifi
ed c
lay:
1) s
pallin
g 20
x20
cm, 2
) ext
ensiv
e cr
ack
ram
ifica
tion
acro
ss a
ppro
x. 1
m le
ngth
, 3) l
eaki
ng so
cket
with
cro
wn
crac
k an
d sp
allin
g (d
= 5
cm
)
Dam
age
in c
oncr
ete:
1) t
rans
vers
e cr
ack,
2) l
ongi
tudi
nal c
rack
s in
side
zone
and
cro
wn,
star
ting
from
tape
red
end
(l =
appr
ox. 1
m),
3) le
akin
g so
cket
with
cro
wn
crac
k an
d sp
allin
g (d
= 5
cm
)
Tabl
e 1:
IKT
„Rep
air s
yste
ms
for m
ain
drai
ns“
prod
uct t
est
Inje
ctio
n an
d gr
outin
g/pr
essu
re-fi
lling
syst
em
Eval
uatio
n of
func
tion
by v
isual
ass
essm
ent b
y sys
tem
ope
rato
rs o
n ba
sis o
f poi
nt sc
ores
(30%
wei
ghtin
g af
ter c
ompl
etio
n; 7
0% w
eigh
ting
afte
r HP
clean
ing)
: 100
poi
nts =
1.0
to 0
poi
nts =
6.0
; arit
hmet
ical a
vera
ging
and
stat
emen
t of p
oint
s in
grad
es u
sing
a lin
ear f
unct
ion
Eval
uatio
n on
bas
is of
inte
rnal
wat
er-p
ress
ure
test
s afte
r HP
clean
ing
(visu
al c
heck
ing
for e
scap
e of
wat
er);
grad
ing
depe
ndin
g on
pre
ssur
e le
vel w
ith n
o eg
ress
of w
ater
: 0.5
bar
= 1
.0 /
0.4
bar =
1.7
/ 0.
3 ba
r = 2
.3 /
0.2
bar =
3.0
/ 0.
1 ba
r = 3
.7 /
0.05
bar
= 4
.0 /
not t
ight
at
any p
ress
ure
= 6.
0; D
amag
e-ty
pe 2
(lon
gitu
dina
l cra
cks)
in th
e co
ncre
te te
st li
nes w
ere
elim
inat
ed fr
om th
e ev
alua
tion
due
to n
on-u
nifo
rm c
rack
ing
patte
rns
Eval
uatio
n: e
xiste
nt =
yes
and
non
-exis
tent
= n
o; a
ppro
val/c
ertif
icate
s/pr
oof a
nalys
es m
ust a
pply
to th
e m
ater
ials
used
in th
e te
stEv
alua
tion:
„pr
oven
“ =
syst
em te
sted
in N
D 40
0/60
0 co
ncre
te te
st li
ne w
ith th
ree
type
s of d
amag
e, b
oth
crite
ria „
Tigh
tnes
s“ a
nd „
Func
tion“
ass
esse
d as
at l
east
„Su
fficie
nt“
(≤ 4
.5) f
or e
ach
type
of d
amag
e;„n
ot p
rove
n1“
= sy
stem
test
ed a
nd a
t lea
st o
ne re
paire
d po
int a
sses
sed
as p
oore
r tha
n „S
uffic
ient
“ fo
r at l
east
one
of t
he c
riter
ia o
f „Ti
ghtn
ess“
and
„Fu
nctio
n“; „
not p
rove
n2 “ =
the
syst
em is
ava
ilabl
e fo
r ND
400/
600
conc
rete
pip
es, b
ut th
e su
pplie
r did
not
use
it in
the
test
;„n
ot a
vaila
ble“
= th
e sy
stem
is n
ot a
vaila
ble
for u
se in
ND
400/
600
conc
rete
pip
esEv
alua
tion:
„pr
oven
“ =
syst
em lo
aded
in N
D 30
0 vit
rifie
d cla
y tes
t lin
e w
ith th
ree
leak
ing
sock
ets w
ith in
gres
s of w
ater
and
with
ext
erna
l wat
er p
ress
ure,
and
all
repa
ired
poin
ts e
xhib
ited
no in
gres
s of w
ater
upo
n in
tern
al in
spec
tion;
„not
pro
ven“
= sy
stem
test
ed, a
t lea
st o
ne re
paire
d po
int e
xhib
ited
ingr
ess o
f wat
er u
pon
inte
rnal
insp
ectio
n; „
not t
este
d“ =
syst
em n
ot te
sted
Grad
e ca
lcula
ted
usin
g no
n-ro
unde
d of
f dat
a
Key t
o te
st-re
sult
grad
es: E
xcel
lent
= 1
.0 -
1.5;
Goo
d =
1.6
- 2.5
; Sat
isfac
tory
= 2
.6 -
3.5;
Suf
ficie
nt =
3.6
- 4.
5; D
efici
ent =
4.6
- 5.
5; In
suffi
cient
= 5
.6 -
6.0
1 2 3 4 5 *Syst
em t
ype
Gro
utin
g/Pr
essu
re-F
illin
g M
etho
dIn
ject
ion
Met
hod
Syst
em s
uppl
ier
KA-T
E PM
O A
GU
mw
eltt
echn
ik F
ranz
Janß
en G
mbH
ProK
ASR
O M
echa
tron
ik G
mbH
Syst
em
KA-T
E PM
O-V
erfa
hren
Janß
en R
iss-
und
Sch
erbe
nsan
ieru
ngKA
SRO
2 K
ompo
nent
en-V
erpr
esss
yste
m
Resin
sys
tem
use
dBA
SF C
ON
CRES
IVE®
185
0 an
d EP
OXS
ON
IC® E
X 13
55Ja
GoP
urKo
nodu
r Rob
opre
ss 0
7 w
ith K
onod
ur A
dditi
ve R
P
IKT
test
ver
dict
*G
OO
D (1
.6)
GO
OD
(2.3
)SU
FFIC
IEN
T (4
.0)
Syst
em t
ests
in t
est
lines
(wei
ghti
ng 8
5%)
Goo
d (1
.7)
Sati
sfac
tory
(2.6
)Su
ffic
ient
(4.2
)Fu
nctio
n1 (50
%)
2.0
3.5
4.2
Tigh
tnes
s2 (50
%)
1.3
1.6
4.2
Syst
em-s
uppl
iers
' Qua
lity
Ass
uran
ce3
(wei
ghti
ng 1
5%)
Exce
llent
(1.0
)Ex
celle
nt (1
.0)
Sati
sfac
tory
(3.0
)Sy
stem
man
ual (
20%
)Ye
sYe
sYe
sTr
aini
ng p
rovi
sions
(20%
)Ye
sYe
sYe
sTh
ird-p
arty
sup
ervi
sion
(20%
)Ye
sYe
sN
oEn
viro
nmen
tal i
mpa
ct (1
0%)
Yes
Yes
Yes
DIBt
app
rova
l (10
%)
Yes
Yes
No
Test
cer
tifica
tes
(10%
)Ye
sYe
sN
o Ba
ck-tr
acin
g of
sup
ply
rout
e (1
0%)
Yes
Yes
Yes
Add
itio
nal i
nfor
mat
ion:
Im
pres
sion
gain
ed fr
om s
ite in
vest
igat
ions
and
test
-line
use
Prac
tical
ly-or
ient
ated
han
dlin
g an
d us
ePr
actic
ally-
orie
ntat
ed h
andl
ing
and
use
Diffi
culti
es w
ith p
ress
ure-
fillin
g du
ring
test
, sys
tem
not
m
atur
e fo
r pra
ctica
l use
Suita
bilit
y fo
r ova
l con
cret
e se
ctio
n, N
D 40
0/60
04pr
oven
not a
vaila
ble
not a
vaila
ble
Suita
bilit
y fo
r use
with
ingr
ess
of g
roun
dwat
er a
nd e
xter
nal w
ater
pr
essu
re5
prov
enno
t pro
ven
not t
este
d
Avai
labl
e fo
r the
dia
met
ers
(info
rmat
ion
from
sup
plie
r)Ro
und
sect
ion:
ND
150
- ND
800
Ova
l sec
tion:
N
D 30
0/45
0 - N
D 60
0/90
0Ro
und
sect
ion:
ND
100
- ND
700
Ova
l sec
tion:
not
for u
se w
ith o
val s
ectio
n lin
esRo
und
sect
ion:
ND
200
- ND
600
Ova
l sec
tion:
not
sui
tabl
e fo
r use
with
ova
l sec
tion
Pote
ntia
l for
impr
ovem
ent
/Re
mov
al o
f rem
nant
s of
resin
; mod
ifica
tion
of p
acke
r sy
stem
to p
erm
it ea
sier p
ositi
onin
g
Prol
onge
d re
sin-re
actio
n tim
e; o
ptim
izatio
n of
resin
feed
-lin
e ch
angi
ng; i
ndiv
idua
l pre
ssur
e-fil
ling
of d
amag
ed
poin
ts; r
emov
al o
f rem
nant
s of
resin
Rem
arks
//
Syst
em n
ot lo
nger
ava
ilabl
e in
this
form
52IKT
Syst
em te
sts i
n te
st li
nes:
Rep
air o
f thr
ee p
oint
s of d
amag
e in
eac
h ca
se in
ND
200/
ND 3
00 (j
acke
ted)
vitr
ified
cla
y tes
t lin
es a
nd N
D 30
0/ND
600
con
cret
e pi
pes (
expo
sed)
, all
pipe
s with
gre
ase
depo
sitio
ns
Dam
age
in v
itrifi
ed c
lay:
1) s
pallin
g 20
x20
cm, 2
) ext
ensiv
e cr
ack
ram
ifica
tion
acro
ss a
ppro
x. 1
m le
ngth
, 3) l
eaki
ng so
cket
with
cro
wn
crac
k an
d sp
allin
g (d
= 5
cm
)
Dam
age
in c
oncr
ete:
1) t
rans
vers
e cr
ack,
2) l
ongi
tudi
nal c
rack
s in
side
zone
and
cro
wn,
star
ting
from
tape
red
end
(l =
appr
ox. 1
m),
3) le
akin
g so
cket
with
cro
wn
crac
k an
d sp
allin
g (d
= 5
cm
)
Tabl
e 2:
IKT
„Rep
air s
yste
ms
for m
ain
drai
ns“
prod
uct t
est
Shor
t lin
ers
Eval
uatio
n by
visu
al a
sses
smen
t by s
yste
m o
pera
tors
on
basis
of p
oint
scor
es (3
0% w
eigh
ting
afte
r com
plet
ion;
70%
wei
ghtin
g af
ter H
P cle
anin
g): 1
00 p
oint
s = 1
.0 to
0 p
oint
s = 6
.0; a
rithm
etica
l ave
ragi
ng a
nd st
atem
ent o
f poi
nts i
n gr
ades
usin
g a
linea
r fun
ctio
n; a
vera
ging
of t
he g
rade
ave
rage
s for
the
vitrif
ied
clay a
nd c
oncr
ete
test
line
sEv
alua
tion
on b
asis
of in
tern
al w
ater
-pre
ssur
e te
sts a
fter H
P cle
anin
g (v
isual
che
ckin
g fo
r esc
ape
of w
ater
); gr
adin
g de
pend
ing
on p
ress
ure
leve
l with
no
egre
ss o
f wat
er: 0
.5 b
ar =
1.0
/ 0.
4 ba
r = 1
.7 /
0.3
bar =
2.3
/ 0.
2 ba
r = 3
.0 /
0.1
bar =
3.7
/ 0.
05 b
ar =
4.0
/ no
t tig
ht a
tan
y pre
ssur
e =
6.0;
Dam
age-
type
2 (l
ongi
tudi
nal c
rack
s) in
the
conc
rete
test
line
s wer
e el
imin
ated
from
the
eval
uatio
n du
e to
non
-uni
form
cra
ckin
g pa
ttern
sEv
alua
tion:
exis
tent
= y
es a
nd n
on-e
xiste
nt =
no;
app
rova
l/cer
tifica
tes/
proo
f ana
lyses
mus
t app
ly to
the
mat
eria
ls us
ed in
the
test
Eval
uatio
n: „
prov
en“
= sy
stem
test
ed in
ND
400/
600
conc
rete
test
line
with
thre
e ty
pes o
f dam
age,
bot
h cr
iteria
„Ti
ghtn
ess“
and
„Fu
nctio
n“ a
sses
sed
as a
t lea
st „
Suffi
cient
“ (≤
4.5
) for
eac
h ty
pe o
f dam
age;
„not
pro
ven1
“ =
syst
em te
sted
and
at l
east
one
repa
ired
poin
t ass
esse
d as
poo
rer t
han
„Suf
ficie
nt“
for a
t lea
st o
ne o
f the
crit
eria
of „
Tigh
tnes
s“ a
nd „
Func
tion“
; „no
t pro
ven2 “
= th
e sy
stem
is a
vaila
ble
for N
D 40
0/60
0 co
ncre
te p
ipes
, but
the
supp
lier d
id n
ot u
se it
in th
e te
st;
„not
ava
ilabl
e“ =
the
syst
em is
not
ava
ilabl
e fo
r use
in N
D 40
0/60
0 co
ncre
te p
ipes
Eval
uatio
n: „
prov
en“
= sy
stem
load
ed in
ND
300
vitrif
ied
clay t
est l
ine
with
thre
e le
akin
g so
cket
s with
ingr
ess o
f wat
er a
nd w
ith e
xter
nal w
ater
pre
ssur
e, a
nd a
ll re
paire
d po
ints
exh
ibite
d no
ingr
ess o
f wat
er u
pon
inte
rnal
insp
ectio
n;„n
ot p
rove
n“ =
syst
em te
sted
, at l
east
one
repa
ired
poin
t exh
ibite
d in
gres
s of w
ater
upo
n in
tern
al in
spec
tion;
„no
t tes
ted“
= sy
stem
not
test
edDa
mag
e-ty
pe 3
, vitr
ified
cla
y, ND
200
not
eva
luat
ed, d
ue to
not
suffi
cient
ly cle
ar te
st re
sult
Dam
age-
type
1, v
itrifi
ed c
lay,
ND 2
00 a
nd D
amag
e-ty
pe 3
, vitr
ified
cla
y, ND
300
, not
eva
luat
ed d
ue to
cra
ckin
g ad
ditio
nal t
o th
e ba
sis d
amag
e-ty
pe, w
ith u
ncle
ar c
ause
sDa
mag
e-ty
pe 3
, vitr
ified
cla
y, ND
200
not
eva
luat
ed d
ue to
cra
ckin
g ad
ditio
nal t
o th
e ba
sic d
amag
e-ty
pe, w
ith u
ncle
ar c
ause
sDa
mag
e-ty
pe 1
, vitr
ified
cla
y, ND
300
not
eva
luat
ed, d
ue to
cov
erin
g of
end
of s
hort
liner
as a
resu
lt of
unp
lann
ed p
ositi
onin
g er
ror (
over
lapp
ing)
by t
he re
pair
cont
ract
or (a
pplie
s to
the
first
-laid
end
in F
R an
d th
e en
d su
bjec
ted
to g
reat
er lo
ads d
urin
g HP
cle
anin
g)Gr
ade
calcu
late
d us
ing
non-
roun
ded
off d
ata
Key t
o te
st-re
sult
grad
es: E
xcel
lent
= 1
.0 -
1.5;
Goo
d =
1.6
- 2.5
; Sat
isfac
tory
= 2
.6 -
3.5;
Suf
ficie
nt =
3.6
- 4.
5; D
efici
ent =
4.6
- 5.
5; In
suffi
cient
= 5
.6 -
6.0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 *Syst
em s
uppl
ier
siko
tec
Gm
bH /
JT-e
lekt
roni
k G
mbH
KMG
Pip
e Te
chno
logi
es G
mbH
Kuch
em G
mbH
ALO
CIT
Chem
ie G
mbH
Bode
nben
der
Gm
bHM
C-Ba
uche
mie
Mül
ler
Gm
bH &
Co.
KG
Syst
em
3P-P
lus-
Kurz
liner
KM-K
urzl
iner
K-LI
NER
ALO
CIT
Kurz
liner
Poin
t-Li
ner®
Konu
dur
Sew
er R
epai
r Ki
t (V
P)
Resi
n sy
stem
use
d3P
res
inA
RALD
ITE
GY
240
BD,
wit
h A
RAD
UR
16 B
D,
air
expe
ller,
curi
ng a
gent
ARA
LDIT
E G
Y 25
0 BD
, w
ith
ARA
DU
R 16
BD
ALO
CIT
Resi
n® A
loca
n,
wit
h Pe
roxa
n BP
50+
(c
urin
g ag
ent)
Mul
ti -
PL® r
esin
Konu
dur
266
SR (V
P)
IKT
test
ver
dict
*G
OO
D (2
.2)
GO
OD
(2.2
)SA
TISF
ACTO
RY (2
.8)
SATI
SFAC
TORY
(2.9
)SA
TISF
ACTO
RY (3
.1)
SUFF
ICIE
NT
(4.2
)Sy
stem
tes
ts in
tes
t lin
es (w
eigh
ting
85%
)G
ood
(2.4
)G
ood
(2.2
)Sa
tisf
acto
ry (3
.1)
Sati
sfac
tory
(3.3
)Sa
tisf
acto
ry (3
.4)
Suff
icie
nt (4
.3)
Func
tion1 (
50%
) 3.
32.
42.
32.
693.
03.
6
Tigh
tnes
s2 (50
%)
1.4
2.06
2.97
4.08
3.9
5.0
Syst
em-s
uppl
iers
' Qua
lity
Ass
uran
ce3
(wei
ghti
ng 1
5%)
Exce
llent
(1.0
)G
ood
(2.0
)Ex
celle
nt (1
.5)
Exce
llent
(1.0
)Ex
celle
nt (1
.0)
Suff
icie
nt (4
.0)
Syst
em m
anua
l (20
%)
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Trai
ning
pro
visio
ns (2
0%)
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Third
-par
ty s
uper
visio
n (2
0%)
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Envi
ronm
enta
l im
pact
(10%
)Ye
sYe
sYe
sYe
sYe
sYe
s
DIBt
app
rova
l (10
%)
Yes
No
No
Yes
Yes
No
Test
cer
tifica
tes
(10%
)Ye
sN
oYe
sYe
sYe
sN
o
Back
-trac
ing
of s
uppl
y ro
ute
(10%
)Ye
sYe
sYe
sYe
sYe
sYe
s
Add
itio
nal i
nfor
mat
ion:
Im
pres
sion
gain
ed fr
om s
ite in
vest
igat
ions
an
d te
st-li
ne u
se
Prac
tical
ly-or
ient
ated
han
dlin
g an
d us
e,
extre
mel
y ex
tens
ive
cutti
ng w
ork
in te
stPr
actic
ally-
orie
ntat
ed h
andl
ing
and
use
Prac
tical
ly-or
ient
ated
han
dlin
g an
d us
ePr
actic
ally-
orie
ntat
ed h
andl
ing
and
use
Prac
tical
ly-or
ient
ated
han
dlin
g an
d us
ePr
actic
ally-
orie
ntat
ed h
andl
ing
and
use
Suita
bilit
y fo
r ova
l con
cret
e se
ctio
n, N
D 40
0/60
04no
t pro
ven2
not a
vaila
ble
not a
vaila
ble
not p
rove
n1no
t pro
ven2
not a
vaila
ble
Suita
bilit
y fo
r use
with
ingr
ess
of g
roun
dwat
er
and
exte
rnal
wat
er p
ress
ure5
prov
enpr
oven
not t
este
dno
t tes
ted
not t
este
dno
t tes
ted
Avai
labl
e fo
r the
dia
met
ers
(info
rmat
ion
from
su
pplie
r) Ro
und
sect
ion:
ND
100
- ND
700
Ova
l sec
tion:
ND
250/
375
- ND
500/
750
Roun
d se
ctio
n: N
D 15
0 - N
D 60
0 O
val s
ectio
n: n
ot u
sed
Roun
d se
ctio
n: N
D 10
0 - N
D 10
00 O
val
sect
ion:
not
use
dRo
und
sect
ion:
ND
100
- ND
800
Ova
l sec
tion:
ND
200/
300
- ND
500/
750
Roun
d se
ctio
n: N
D 10
0 - N
D 12
00
Ova
l sec
tion:
ND
250/
375
- ND
400/
600
Roun
d se
ctio
n: N
D 10
0 - N
D 80
0 O
val s
ectio
n: n
ot u
sed
Pote
ntia
l for
impr
ovem
ent
Impr
ove
flush
ing
resis
tanc
eTh
ree-
laye
r ins
talla
tion
in c
ase
of m
issin
g w
all e
lem
ents
, eve
n in
sm
all N
DsIm
prov
e flu
shin
g re
sista
nce
(pos
sibly
with
th
ree-
laye
r sho
rt lin
er)
Incr
ease
resin
visc
osity
; pos
sibly:
incr
ease
sc
ope
of p
repa
rato
ry w
ork
Impr
ove
seal
ing
actio
nIm
prov
e la
min
ate'
s se
alin
g ac
tion
and
flush
ing
resis
tanc
e
Rem
arks
//
//
Use
of a
n ad
ditio
nal P
ES
nonw
oven
in a
ll N
DsSy
stem
no
long
er a
vaila
ble
53 IKT
IKT product test
©20
09 A
ll rig
hts
rese
rved
by
IKT
- In
stitu
t für
Unt
erird
isch
e In
fras
truk
tur
gGm
bH
Tab
. 3:
Erg
ebni
sse
des
IKT
- W
aren
test
s „R
epar
atur
verf
ahre
n fü
r H
aupt
kanä
le“
– In
nenm
ansc
hette
n
IKT
- W
aren
test
„R
epar
atu
rver
fah
ren
fü
r H
aup
tkan
äle“
In
nen
man
sch
ette
n
Sys
tem
prüf
unge
n in
Tes
tstr
ecke
n:
R
epar
atur
von
je d
rei S
chad
ensb
ilder
n in
Tes
tstr
ecke
n au
s S
tein
zeug
rohr
en D
N 2
00 u
nd D
N 3
00 (
umm
ante
lt) s
owie
Bet
onro
hre
n D
N 3
00 u
nd D
N 6
00 (
frei
lieg
end)
, sä
mtli
che
Roh
re m
it F
etta
blag
erun
gen,
S
chad
ensb
ilder
in S
tein
zeu
g: 1
) A
usbr
uch
20x2
0 cm
, 2)
aus
gede
hnte
Ris
sver
zwe
igun
g üb
er c
a. 1
m L
änge
, 3)
und
icht
e M
uffe
mit
Sch
eite
lris
s un
d A
usbr
uch
(d =
5 c
m),
S
chad
ensb
ilder
in B
eton
: 1)
Que
rris
s, 2
) Lä
ngsr
isse
in K
ämpf
er u
nd S
chei
tel v
om S
pitz
ende
aus
gehe
nd (
l = c
a. 1
m),
3)
undi
chte
Muf
fe m
it S
chei
telri
ss u
nd A
usbr
uch
(d =
5 c
m).
Ver
fah
ren
san
bie
ter
UH
RIG
Kan
alte
chn
ik G
mb
H
UH
RIG
Kan
alte
chn
ik G
mb
H
Haa
s G
mb
H &
Co
. KG
Qu
ick-
Lo
ck m
it e
inse
itig
er A
ufb
örd
elu
ng
Q
uic
k-L
ock
S
tutt
gar
ter
Hü
lse
Ver
fah
ren
E
ing
ese
tzte
s D
ich
tun
gs
sys
tem
E
PD
M-G
um
mid
ich
tun
g
EP
DM
-Gu
mm
idic
htu
ng
S
pac
hte
lmas
se 0
3567
L51
IKT
– P
rüfu
rtei
l*
GU
T (
2,2)
B
EF
RIE
DIG
EN
D (
3,1)
A
US
RE
ICH
EN
D (
4,3)
S
yste
mp
rüfu
ng
en in
Tes
tstr
eck
en (
Gew
ich
tun
g 8
5 %
) g
ut
(2,4
) b
efri
ed
ige
nd
(3,
4)
ausr
eich
end
(4,
3)
Fun
ktio
nsfä
higk
eit1 (
50 %
) 2,
9 3,
1 3.
6
Dic
hthe
it2 (50
%)
1,9
3,7
5,1
Qu
alit
äts
sich
eru
ng
der
Ver
fah
ren
san
bie
ter3 (
Gew
ich
tun
g 1
5 %
) se
hr
gu
t (1
,5)
seh
r g
ut
(1,5
) au
srei
chen
d (
4,0)
Ver
fahr
ens
hand
buc
h
(20
%)
ja
ja
ja
Sch
ulun
gen
(2
0 %
) ja
ja
ne
in
Fre
mdü
berw
ach
ung
(20
%)
ja
ja
ja
Um
wel
tver
träg
lichk
eit
(10
%)
ja
ja
nein
DIB
t – Z
ulas
sung
(10
%)
ja
ja
nein
Prü
fzeu
gnis
se
(1
0 %
) ja
ja
ne
in
Rüc
kver
folg
ung
des
Lief
erw
egs
(10
%)
nein
ne
in
nein
Zu
satz
info
rma
tio
nen
Ein
druc
k au
s B
aust
elle
nunt
ersu
chun
gen
und
Tes
tstr
ecke
nein
satz
pr
axis
gere
chte
Han
dhab
ung
prax
isge
rech
te H
andh
abun
g pr
axis
gere
chte
Han
dhab
ung;
V
orve
rpre
ssun
g sä
mtli
cher
Sch
äden
im T
est
Ein
satz
fähi
gkei
t Bet
on-E
ipro
fil D
N 4
00/6
00 4
nich
t ang
ebot
en
nich
t ang
ebot
en
nich
t nac
hgew
iese
n1
Ein
satz
fähi
gkei
t unt
er G
rund
was
serz
utrit
t und
Au
ßen
was
serd
ruck
5 na
chge
wie
sen
nich
t gep
rüft
nich
t gep
rüft
Lief
erba
r fü
r D
urc
hmes
ser
(lt. A
nbie
ter)
K
reis
prof
il: D
N 1
50 -
DN
800
E
ipro
fil: k
ein
Ein
satz
K
reis
prof
il: D
N 1
50 -
DN
800
E
ipro
fil: k
ein
Ein
satz
K
reis
prof
il: D
N 7
0 -
DN
200
0 E
ipro
fil: b
is D
N 9
00/1
350
Ver
bes
seru
ng
smö
glic
hke
iten
K
ante
n im
Übe
rlapp
ungs
bere
ich
min
dern
S
pülb
estä
ndig
keit
verb
esse
rn, h
ydra
ulis
che
E
igen
scha
ften
der
Man
sche
tte v
erbe
sser
n V
ersp
annu
ng d
er M
ansc
hette
und
D
icht
wirk
ung
verb
esse
rn
Bem
erk
un
g
/
/
Ver
fahr
en w
ird fü
r di
esen
Anw
endu
ngsf
all
nich
t meh
r an
gebo
ten
1 B
ewer
tung
der
Fun
ktio
nsfä
higk
eit a
nhan
d op
tisch
er B
eurt
eilu
ng d
urch
Net
zbet
reib
er a
nhan
d P
unkt
ever
gabe
(30
% G
ewic
htun
g na
ch F
ertig
stel
lung
; 70
% G
ewic
htun
g na
ch H
D-R
eini
gung
): 1
00 P
unkt
e =
1,0
bis
0 P
unkt
e =
6,0
; arit
hmet
isch
e M
ittel
wer
tbild
ung
und
Ab
bild
ung
der
Pun
kte
in N
oten
dur
ch e
ine
linea
re F
unkt
ion
2 B
ewer
tung
auf
Bas
is v
on W
asse
rinne
ndru
ckpr
üfun
gen
nach
HD
-Rei
nigu
ng (
optis
che
Kon
trol
le a
uf W
asse
raus
tritt
e); B
enot
ung
in A
bhän
gigk
eit
von
Dru
ckst
ufe
ohne
Was
sera
ustr
itte:
0,
5 ba
r =
1,0
/ 0
,4 b
ar =
1,7
/ 0
,3 b
ar =
2,3
/ 0
,2 b
ar =
3,0
/ 0
,1 b
ar
= 3
,7 /
0,0
5 ba
r =
4,0
/ a
uf k
eine
r D
ruck
stuf
e di
cht =
6,0
;
S
chad
ensb
ild 2
(Lä
ngris
se)
der
Bet
onte
stst
reck
en w
urde
auf
grun
d un
einh
eitli
cher
Ris
sbild
unge
n au
s de
r W
ertu
ng g
enom
men
3
Bew
ertu
ng: v
orha
nden
= ja
und
nic
ht v
orha
nden
= n
ein;
Zul
assu
ng/Z
eugn
isse
/Nac
hwei
se m
üsse
n fü
r di
e im
Tes
t ein
gese
tzte
n M
ater
ialie
n ge
lten
4 B
ewer
tung
: „na
chge
wie
sen“
= V
erfa
hren
wur
de in
Bet
on-T
ests
trec
ke D
N 4
00/6
00 m
it dr
ei S
chad
ensb
ilder
n ge
test
et u
nd b
eide
Krit
erie
n „D
icht
heit“
und
„F
unkt
ions
fähi
gkei
t“ w
urde
n fü
r je
des
Sch
aden
sbild
mit
min
dest
ens
„aus
reic
hend
“ ( �
4,5)
bew
erte
t;
„n
icht
nac
hgew
iese
n1 “
= V
erfa
hren
wur
de g
etes
tet u
nd m
inde
sten
s ei
ne R
epar
atur
stel
le w
urde
in m
inde
sten
s ei
nem
der
Krit
erie
n „D
icht
heit“
und
„F
unkt
ions
fähi
gkei
t“ s
chle
chte
r al
s „a
usre
iche
nd“
bew
erte
t ; „
nich
t nac
hgew
iese
n2 “
= d
as V
erfa
hren
wird
für
Bet
onro
hre
DN
400
/600
ang
ebot
en, d
er A
nbie
ter
setz
te e
s je
doch
nic
ht im
Tes
t ein
;
„nic
ht a
ngeb
oten
“ =
Das
Ver
fahr
en w
ird n
icht
für
den
Ein
satz
in B
eton
rohr
en D
N 4
00/6
00 a
ngeb
oten
5
Bew
ertu
ng: „
nach
gew
iese
n“ =
Ver
fahr
en w
urde
in S
tein
zeug
-Tes
tstr
ecke
DN
300
mit
drei
und
icht
en M
uffe
n un
ter
Was
serz
utrit
t ein
gese
tzt s
owie
mit
Auß
enw
asse
rdru
ck b
elas
tet u
nd s
ämtli
che
Rep
arat
urst
elle
n ze
igte
n be
i der
Inne
nins
pekt
ion
kein
e W
asse
rein
tritt
e;
„n
icht
nac
hgew
iese
n“ =
Ver
fahr
en w
urde
get
este
t und
min
dest
ens
eine
Rep
arat
urst
elle
zei
gte
bei d
er In
neni
nspe
ktio
n W
asse
rein
tritt
e; „
nich
t gep
rüft
“ =
Ver
fahr
en w
urde
nic
ht g
etes
tet
*
Not
enbe
rech
nung
auf
Bas
is u
nger
unde
ter
Wer
te
Bew
ertu
ngss
chlü
ssel
der
Prü
ferg
ebni
sse:
Seh
r gu
t = 1
,0 -
1,5
. Gut
= 1
,6 -
2,5
. Bef
riedi
gend
= 2
,6 -
3,5
. Aus
reic
hend
= 3
,6 -
4,5
. Man
gelh
aft =
4,6
- 5
,5. U
ngen
ügen
d =
5,6
- 6
,0.
Syst
em te
sts i
n te
st li
nes:
Rep
air o
f thr
ee p
oint
s of d
amag
e in
eac
h ca
se in
ND
200/
ND 3
00 (j
acke
ted)
vitr
ified
cla
y tes
t lin
es a
nd N
D 30
0/ND
600
con
cret
e pi
pes (
expo
sed)
, all
pipe
s with
gre
ase
depo
sitio
ns
Dam
age
in v
itrifi
ed c
lay:
1) s
pallin
g 20
x20
cm, 2
) ext
ensiv
e cr
ack
ram
ifica
tion
acro
ss a
ppro
x. 1
m le
ngth
, 3) l
eaki
ng so
cket
with
cro
wn
crac
k an
d sp
allin
g (d
= 5
cm
)
Dam
age
in c
oncr
ete:
1) t
rans
vers
e cr
ack,
2) l
ongi
tudi
nal c
rack
s in
side
zone
and
cro
wn,
star
ting
from
tape
red
end
(l =
appr
ox. 1
m),
3) le
akin
g so
cket
with
cro
wn
crac
k an
d sp
allin
g (d
= 5
cm
)
Tabl
e 3:
IKT
„Rep
air s
yste
ms
for m
ain
drai
ns“
prod
uct t
est
Inte
rnal
slee
ves
Eval
uatio
n of
func
tion
by v
isual
ass
essm
ent b
y sys
tem
ope
rato
rs o
n ba
sis o
f poi
nt sc
ores
(30%
wei
ghtin
g af
ter c
ompl
etio
n; 7
0% w
eigh
ting
afte
r HP
clean
ing)
: 100
poi
nts =
1.0
to 0
poi
nts =
6.0
; arit
hmet
ical a
vera
ging
and
stat
emen
t of p
oint
s in
grad
es u
sing
a lin
ear f
unct
ion
Eval
uatio
n on
bas
is of
inte
rnal
wat
er-p
ress
ure
test
s afte
r HP
clean
ing
(visu
al c
heck
ing
for e
scap
e of
wat
er);
grad
ing
depe
ndin
g on
pre
ssur
e le
vel w
ith n
o eg
ress
of w
ater
: 0.5
bar
= 1
.0 /
0.4
bar =
1.7
/ 0.
3 ba
r = 2
.3 /
0.2
bar =
3.0
/ 0.
1 ba
r = 3
.7 /
0.05
bar
= 4
.0 /
not t
ight
at a
ny p
ress
ure
= 6.
0;Da
mag
e-ty
pe 2
(lon
gitu
dina
l cra
cks)
in th
e co
ncre
te te
st li
nes w
ere
elim
inat
ed fr
om th
e ev
alua
tion
due
to n
on-u
nifo
rm c
rack
ing
patte
rns
Eval
uatio
n: e
xiste
nt =
yes
and
non
-exis
tent
= n
o; a
ppro
val/c
ertif
icate
s/pr
oof a
nalys
es m
ust a
pply
to th
e m
ater
ials
used
in th
e te
stEv
alua
tion:
„pr
oven
“ =
syst
em te
sted
in N
D 40
0/60
0 co
ncre
te te
st li
ne w
ith th
ree
type
s of d
amag
e, b
oth
crite
ria „
Tigh
tnes
s“ a
nd „
Func
tion“
ass
esse
d as
at l
east
„Su
fficie
nt“
(≤ 4
.5) f
or e
ach
type
of d
amag
e;„n
ot p
rove
n1“
= sy
stem
test
ed a
nd a
t lea
st o
ne re
paire
d po
int a
sses
sed
as p
oore
r tha
n „S
uffic
ient
“ fo
r at l
east
one
of t
he c
riter
ia o
f „Ti
ghtn
ess“
and
„Fu
nctio
n“; „
not p
rove
n2 “ =
the
syst
em is
ava
ilabl
e fo
r ND
400/
600
conc
rete
pip
es, b
ut th
e su
pplie
r did
not
use
it in
the
test
;„n
ot a
vaila
ble“
= th
e sy
stem
is n
ot a
vaila
ble
for u
se in
ND
400/
600
conc
rete
pip
esEv
alua
tion:
„pr
oven
“ =
syst
em lo
aded
in N
D 30
0 vit
rifie
d cla
y tes
t lin
e w
ith th
ree
leak
ing
sock
ets w
ith in
gres
s of w
ater
and
with
ext
erna
l wat
er p
ress
ure,
and
all
repa
ired
poin
ts e
xhib
ited
no in
gres
s of w
ater
upo
n in
tern
al in
spec
tion;
„not
pro
ven“
= sy
stem
test
ed, a
t lea
st o
ne re
paire
d po
int e
xhib
ited
ingr
ess o
f wat
er u
pon
inte
rnal
insp
ectio
n; „
not t
este
d“ =
syst
em n
ot te
sted
Grad
e ca
lcula
ted
usin
g no
n-ro
unde
d of
f dat
a
Key t
o te
st-re
sult
grad
es: E
xcel
lent
= 1
.0 -
1.5;
Goo
d =
1.6
- 2.5
; Sat
isfac
tory
= 2
.6 -
3.5;
Suf
ficie
nt =
3.6
- 4.
5; D
efici
ent =
4.6
- 5.
5; In
suffi
cient
= 5
.6 -
6.0
1 2 3 4 5 *Syst
em s
uppl
ier
UH
RIG
Kan
alte
chni
k G
mbH
U
HRI
G K
anal
tech
nik
Gm
bHH
aas
Gm
bH &
Co.
KG
Syst
em
Qui
ck-L
ock
flare
d at
one
end
Qui
ck-L
ock
Stut
tgar
ter
Hül
se
Seal
ing
syst
em u
sed
EPD
M r
ubbe
r se
alEP
DM
rub
ber
seal
Gro
utin
g Co
mpo
und
0356
7L51
IKT
test
ver
dict
*G
OO
D (2
.2)
SATI
SFAC
TORY
(3.1
)SU
FFIC
IEN
T (4
.3)
Syst
em te
sts
in te
st li
nes
(wei
ghtin
g 85
%)
Goo
d (2
.4)
Satis
fact
ory
(3.4
)Su
fficie
nt (4
.3)
Func
tion1 (
50%
) 2.
93.
13.
6Ti
ghtn
ess2 (
50%
)1.
93.
75.
1Sy
stem
-sup
plie
rs' Q
ualit
y A
ssur
ance
3 (w
eigh
ting
15%
)Ex
celle
nt (1
.5)
Exce
llent
(1.5
)Su
ffic
ient
(4.0
)Sy
stem
man
ual (
20%
)Ye
sYe
sYe
sTr
aini
ng p
rovi
sions
(20%
)Ye
sYe
sN
oTh
ird-p
arty
sup
ervi
sion
(20%
)Ye
sYe
sYe
sEn
viro
nmen
tal i
mpa
ct (1
0%)
Yes
Yes
No
DIBt
app
rova
l (10
%)
Yes
Yes
No
Test
cer
tifica
tes
(10%
)Ye
sYe
sN
oBa
ck-tr
acin
g of
sup
ply
rout
e (1
0%)
No
No
No
Add
itio
nal i
nfor
mat
ion:
Im
pres
sion
gain
ed fr
om s
ite in
vest
igat
ions
and
test
-line
use
Prac
tical
ly-or
ient
ated
han
dlin
g an
d us
ePr
actic
ally-
orie
ntat
ed h
andl
ing
and
use
Prac
tical
ly-or
ient
ated
han
dlin
g an
d us
e Pr
essu
re p
refil
ling
of a
ll da
mag
e in
test
Suita
bilit
y fo
r ova
l con
cret
e se
ctio
n, N
D 40
0/60
04no
t ava
ilabl
eno
t ava
ilabl
eno
t pro
ven1
Suita
bilit
y fo
r use
with
ingr
ess
of g
roun
dwat
er a
nd e
xter
nal
wat
er p
ress
ure5
prov
enno
t tes
ted
not t
este
d
Avai
labl
e fo
r dia
met
ers
(info
rmat
ion
from
sup
plie
r)Ro
und
sect
ion:
ND
150
- ND
800
Ova
l sec
tion:
not
use
dRo
und
sect
ion:
ND
150
- ND
800
Ova
l sec
tion:
not
use
dRo
und
sect
ion:
ND
70 -
ND
2000
O
val s
ectio
n: u
p to
ND
900/
1350
Pote
ntia
l for
impr
ovem
ent
Redu
ce e
dges
in o
verla
p zo
neIm
prov
e flu
shin
g re
sista
nce,
im
prov
e hy
drau
lic p
rope
rties
of s
leev
eIm
prov
e te
nsio
ning
of s
leev
e an
d se
alin
g ac
tion
Rem
arks
//
Syst
em n
o lo
nger
ava
ilabl
e fo
r thi
s ap
plica
tion
54IKT
aBOUt iKt
Published: September 2010
Circulation: 3.000 copies
Protective charge: 19,95 e
The initial funding for setting up the institute has been provided by the Ministry for the Environment of the State of
North-Rhine Westphalia, Germany‘s largest federal state.
However, IKT is not owned by the Government. Its owners are two associations which are
again non-profit organizations of their own:
a) IKT-Association of Network Operators: Members are more than 120 cities, among them Berlin, Hamburg, Cologne and London (Thames
Water). They hold together 66.6% of IKT.
b) IKT-Association of Industry and Service: Members are more than 60 companies.
They hold together 33.3% of IKT.
You can find information on projects and services at:
www.ikt.de
IKT - Institute for Underground Infrastructure is a research, consultancy and testing institute specialized in the field of sewers. It is neutral and independent and operates on a non-profit basis. It is oriented towards practical applications and works on issues surrounding underground pipe construction. Its key focus is centred on sewage systems. IKT provides scientifically backed analysis and advice.
IKT has been established in 1994 as a spin-off from Bochum University, Germany.
IKT – Institute for Underground Infrastructure
Exterbruch 145886 GelsenkirchenGermany
phone: +49 209 178060fax: +49 209 17806-88email: [email protected]
IKT is located ca. 30 min. off Düsseldorf International Airport.