Renewable Energy Strategic Action Plan For American Samoa

August 2015August 2015

As with other Pacific utilities, ASPA As with other Pacific utilities, ASPA faces challenges due to its remotenessfaces challenges due to its remoteness

Made up of 4 Divisions: Power (Generation, T&D), Made up of 4 Divisions: Power (Generation, T&D), Water, Waste Water, & Solid WasteWater, Waste Water, & Solid Waste

ASPA Serves the 55,000+ population of American ASPA Serves the 55,000+ population of American Samoa In Tutuila, Aunuu, & the ManuSamoa In Tutuila, Aunuu, & the Manu’’a Islands serving a Islands serving approximately 12,300 Customersapproximately 12,300 Customers

Current Peak = 23 MW (Peak in 2005 = 28MW)Current Peak = 23 MW (Peak in 2005 = 28MW)

Annual Diesel Gen. Production Annual Diesel Gen. Production = 154 Million kWh= 154 Million kWh

Annual PV (RE) ProductionAnnual PV (RE) Production = 3.8 Million kWh= 3.8 Million kWh

PV Energy makes up 2.4% of Energy ProductionPV Energy makes up 2.4% of Energy Production

General Information about A.S.P.A. General Information about A.S.P.A.

1.1. High cost of imported petroleum acts as a brake High cost of imported petroleum acts as a brake on the local economyon the local economy

2.2. Economists say that every increased dollar Economists say that every increased dollar received by low- and moderate-income families received by low- and moderate-income families has a multiplier effect of between 1.5 to 2 times has a multiplier effect of between 1.5 to 2 times the original amountthe original amount

3.3. Burning petroleum increases COBurning petroleum increases CO2 2 in the airin the air

4.4. Handling petroleum presents a risk of spills in the Handling petroleum presents a risk of spills in the oceanocean

The Real Cost of Energy:The Real Cost of Energy:

PhotoVoltaicPhotoVoltaic

Renewable Energy development -- Which direction to Renewable Energy development -- Which direction to take?take?

WindWind

NuclearNuclear

Geothermal

Geothermal HydroHydro

OTECOTEC

Bio-DieselBio-Diesel

PIC

In April, 2013, Govenor Lolo Matalasi Moliga re-established the American Samoa Renewable Energy Committee In April, 2013, Govenor Lolo Matalasi Moliga re-established the American Samoa Renewable Energy Committee

•Since then ASREC has written a Strategic Energy Plan for the Territory as well as an Energy Action Plan, outlining Since then ASREC has written a Strategic Energy Plan for the Territory as well as an Energy Action Plan, outlining  specific tasks to achieve energy independence, while following an aggressive timetable specific tasks to achieve energy independence, while following an aggressive timetable

•All but one of the projects outlined in the Action Plan are on schedule and within budget.All but one of the projects outlined in the Action Plan are on schedule and within budget.

www.asrec.netwww.asrec.net

Moving Moving ForwardForward

WtE, Wind WtE, Wind

& PV& PV

GeothermalGeothermal

Diesel GeneratorsDiesel Generators

A two-pronged approach to Energy FutureA two-pronged approach to Energy Future

Renewable Energy Projects Underway

• Tutuila Island PV Solar SystemTutuila Island PV Solar System• ManuManu’’a Islands 100% RE Initiativea Islands 100% RE Initiative• Waste ConversionWaste Conversion• Organic Rankine Cycle GeneratorOrganic Rankine Cycle Generator• Wind MapWind Map• Wind TurbineWind Turbine• Grid Stability Study Grid Stability Study • Geothermal InvestigationGeothermal Investigation

Solar PV

• ASPAASPA’’s Total installed PV s Total installed PV capacity to date is 1.75 capacity to date is 1.75 MW. There is also an MW. There is also an additional 0.70 MW of additional 0.70 MW of privately owned PV privately owned PV capacity. Combined these capacity. Combined these installations generate installations generate approximately 3,800 MWh approximately 3,800 MWh per year.per year.

• Total avoided diesel Total avoided diesel consumption = 262,000 consumption = 262,000 Gal.Gal.

Additional Solar Solar PV

At present an additional 1.2 At present an additional 1.2 MW is being installed at two MW is being installed at two locations by ASPAlocations by ASPA

•Airport Overflow Site: Airport Overflow Site: 218kW (Completed)218kW (Completed)

•ASPA Campus Parcel C: ASPA Campus Parcel C: 1.06MW (Under 1.06MW (Under Construction)Construction)

•An additional 146,000 Gal. An additional 146,000 Gal. of diesel per year will be of diesel per year will be savedsaved

Manu’a 100% Renewable Energy Initiative

• As established in the As established in the ASREC Action Plan, the ASREC Action Plan, the goal is to make the goal is to make the ManuManu’’a islands 100% a islands 100% RE dependent by RE dependent by October 2016…October 2016…

• Both the Ofu and TaBoth the Ofu and Ta’’u u Solar Hybrid projects Solar Hybrid projects have been awarded.have been awarded.

Manu’a 100% Renewable Energy Initiative – Ofu & Olosega• Population: 353Population: 353

• Customers: 132Customers: 132

• Peak Load: 109kWPeak Load: 109kW

• Base Load: 67kWBase Load: 67kW

• FY14 Prod.: FY14 Prod.: 623,000kWh623,000kWh

• FY14 Diesel Usage: FY14 Diesel Usage: 67,000 Gal67,000 Gal

• Proposed PV Hybrid Proposed PV Hybrid System: 341 kW PV, System: 341 kW PV, 1MWh Energy Storage1MWh Energy Storage

• Estimated Savings: Estimated Savings: Approx. 50,000 galApprox. 50,000 gal

Manu’a 100% Renewable Energy Initiative – Ta’u• Population: 790Population: 790

• Customers: 203Customers: 203

• Peak Load: 229kWPeak Load: 229kW

• Base Load: 155kWBase Load: 155kW

• FY14 Prod.: 1,300,000kWhFY14 Prod.: 1,300,000kWh

• FY14 Diesel Usage: 105,000 FY14 Diesel Usage: 105,000 GalGal

• Est. PV Hybrid System:1200 Est. PV Hybrid System:1200 kW PV, 3MWh Energy kW PV, 3MWh Energy StorageStorage

• Estimated Savings: Approx. Estimated Savings: Approx. 84,000 gal84,000 gal

Manu’a 100% Renewable Energy Initiative

Milestones for completion of Milestones for completion of the Manuthe Manu’’a 100% RE a 100% RE initiative are:initiative are:

•Ofu groundbreaking by Ofu groundbreaking by September 2015September 2015

•TaTa’’u groundbreaking by u groundbreaking by October 2015October 2015

After commissioning, both After commissioning, both Hybrid systems will be Hybrid systems will be monitored and assessed to monitored and assessed to plan for additional capacity plan for additional capacity to achieve 100% REto achieve 100% RE

Waste-Conversion

• ASPA has signed a PPA with a ASPA has signed a PPA with a contractor, to purchase energy contractor, to purchase energy from a Waste-Conversion Plant at from a Waste-Conversion Plant at the landfill using 62TPD of MSWthe landfill using 62TPD of MSW

• The Waste Conversion Plant is The Waste Conversion Plant is expected to produce 54,000 expected to produce 54,000 kWh/day or 17,700,000 kWh/day or 17,700,000 kWh/year and will produce about kWh/year and will produce about 10% of ASPA10% of ASPA’’s total generations total generation

• While producing electricity, the While producing electricity, the plant will also extend the life of plant will also extend the life of the Landfillthe Landfill

Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC)

• The ORC generator utilizes an The ORC generator utilizes an organic fluid that boils at a organic fluid that boils at a low temperature but at high low temperature but at high pressure. It recovers energy pressure. It recovers energy from waste heat extracted from waste heat extracted from the diesel engine cooling from the diesel engine cooling water system to generate water system to generate electricityelectricity

• Energy generated from the Energy generated from the waste heat is estimated to be waste heat is estimated to be 2,526,000 kWh/year. Avoided 2,526,000 kWh/year. Avoided fuel in gallons is 166,560 fuel in gallons is 166,560 gallonsgallons

• ORC units are nearly ORC units are nearly operational pending control operational pending control software reprogrammingsoftware reprogramming

Wind Study• AWS Truepower has AWS Truepower has

completed the Wind completed the Wind Map Resource Study Map Resource Study for Tutuila Islandfor Tutuila Island

• The Wind Map The Wind Map includes wind energy includes wind energy production production information for information for different Wind different Wind Generator models Generator models that are suitable for that are suitable for use in American use in American SamoaSamoa

Wind Generation

• ASPA will be installing two each ASPA will be installing two each PowerWorks 100 kW wind PowerWorks 100 kW wind turbines starting in August turbines starting in August 20152015

• It is estimated that each It is estimated that each turbine will produce turbine will produce approximately 138,000 approximately 138,000 kWh/yearkWh/year

Grid Stability Study

Study by: Siemens PTIStudy by: Siemens PTI

•Identify optimal dispatch Identify optimal dispatch pattern for expected pattern for expected demand pattern (2013-demand pattern (2013-2022)2022)

•Identify options to mitigate Identify options to mitigate against instability from high against instability from high penetration of REpenetration of RE

•Provide system model to Provide system model to perform studies in the future perform studies in the future in ETAP formatin ETAP format

Geothermal Generation

• ASPA is currently conducting ASPA is currently conducting research into the feasibility of research into the feasibility of Geothermal GenerationGeothermal Generation

• Preliminary estimates Preliminary estimates indicate that ASPA would be indicate that ASPA would be able to provide geothermal able to provide geothermal energy at almost half of the energy at almost half of the current cost of providing current cost of providing diesel-generated electricitydiesel-generated electricity

Phase I: Phase I: Preliminary Geothermal Preliminary Geothermal

1. Regional Geology1. Regional Geology

2. Local Structural Geology2. Local Structural Geology

3. Groundwater Geochemistry3. Groundwater Geochemistry

4. Shallow Soil Gas Survey (CO4. Shallow Soil Gas Survey (CO22, ,

Radon)Radon)

NNW Holocene Rift Zone Principal Area of Interest

Phase II: Investigation of the

NNW Holocene Rift Zone

1-Geology1-Geology Surface Mapping/Cross Sections Surface Mapping/Cross Sections Fracture System Identification Fracture System Identification 2- Geochemistry2- Geochemistry Groundwater Groundwater Soil Gas Soil Gas 3- Geophysics (Magnetotellurics)3- Geophysics (Magnetotellurics)

Surface Exploration – Soil Gas Surface Exploration – Soil Gas Surveys (COSurveys (CO22))

COCO22 concentration in concentration in soil (as volume soil (as volume %)%)

Anomalous Anomalous concentration is concentration is >4.7% (blue)>4.7% (blue)

Surface Exploration – Soil Gas Surveys Surface Exploration – Soil Gas Surveys (Radon)(Radon)

Radon Radon concentration in concentration in soil (as soil (as picocuries/L)picocuries/L)

Anomalous Anomalous concentration is concentration is >400 (yellow)>400 (yellow)

3D Inversion Model Profile 2-NS 3D Inversion Model Profile 2-NS

As a result of the As a result of the Magnetotururics, a Magnetotururics, a conductor layer of conductor layer of low resistivity has low resistivity has been identified in been identified in the Area of Interest. the Area of Interest. Such layers – Such layers – although not although not conclusive of an conclusive of an existing geothermal existing geothermal resource, are resource, are consistent with consistent with geothermal activity geothermal activity at other locations. at other locations.

Next Steps – TG DrillingNext Steps – TG Drilling

With the With the completion of the completion of the Preliminary, Preliminary, Geochemical and Geochemical and Geophysical Geophysical investigations, investigations, three site have three site have been identified been identified for Thermal for Thermal Gradient Drilling, Gradient Drilling, to begin at the to begin at the end of August.end of August.

Conclusion

• If Geothermal Resource is verified, If Geothermal Resource is verified, ASPA will develop resource as ASPA will develop resource as base load, and integrate with base load, and integrate with other RE resourceother RE resource

• If the Geothermal study is If the Geothermal study is negative, ASPA will continue with negative, ASPA will continue with utility scale PV, and Wind utility scale PV, and Wind Turbines. It will also look into Turbines. It will also look into alternative fuels such as Natural alternative fuels such as Natural GasGas

Faafetai Tele Lava, SoifuaFaafetai Tele Lava, Soifua