Renaissance

Vocabulary

Emphasis – důrazUrban palaces – městské paláceMarble – mramorPeristyle – sloupořadíVault – klenbaDome – kupolaGround plan – půdorysChiaroscuro – šerosvitstill life - zátiší

Characteristics

14. century – 16. century

Main features: • Emphasis on man• turns back to the Antiquity• Scenes of everyday activities• Religious motives• art is national

• symmetry• proportion• geometry

Architecture

New types of buildings: urban palaces and villas The use of new materials: marble and brick New architectural elements:

Peristyle - sloupořadí Vault - klenba Dome Staircase

A new kind of decoration → fasade - sgrafiti

ArtThemes:• Religious • scenes from everyday lifeNew genres:• Portraits• Landscape or still life (zátiší)• Mythological motives• Human anatomyTechniques:• Tridimensionality and chiaroscuro• Used multiple colorsRepresentatives:• Leonardo da Vinci• Michelangelo• Sandro Botticelli• Piero della Francesca• Pieter Brueghel

Leonardo da Vinci(1452-1519)

Types of paintings: Early works Paintings of the 1480s Paintings of the 1490s Paintings of the 1500s Scientific studies and

anatomy Engineering and inventions

Sculpture

• dynamic movement• respect for anatomy

Representatives:• Donatello• Michelangelo Buonarotti (statue

of David)

ScienceAlchemy

• found a method of transmuting lead into gold

• Representative: PARACELSUS

Alchemist and physician Treatment of syphilis Coined the word “zinc“ and

“Alcohol”

Astronomy

• Representative:Nicolaus COPERNICUS

• New idea: The Earth revolves around the Sun

LiteratureItaly

Dante Alighieri The Divine Comedy

Giovanni Boccaccio Decameron Life of Dante

Francesco Petrarca Song book

France Francois Villon

Small testament Grand testament

Francois Rabelais Gargantua and Pantagruel

England Geoffrey Chauser

Troilus and Cryseida Canterbury Tales

William Shakespeare 39 plays 154 sonnets

Spain Miguel de Cervantes

Don Quixote de la ManchaFox Pedro

Lope de Vega Fuente Ovejuna Fools of Valencia

Music

Main forms of sacred m.:MassesMotets

Main forms of secular m.:MadrigalsSongs

3 generations of R. music• 1.

– Isometric motet– development of the Mass and

chanson Guillaume Dufay

• 2.– development of compositional

techniques– CRAYFISH technique– MIRROR technique– combination of the 2

Johannes Ockeghem• 3.

– peak in the compositional skills – free imitation Josquin Desprez

Music instruments

• The Brass:• Slide trumpet(1.)• Cornett(2.)• Sackbut

• Plucked:• Jew´s harp(3.)

• Woodwinds(aerophones):• Shawm(4.)• Reed pipe• Horn pipe(5.)

• Strings:• Viol• Lute(6.)• Lyre(7.)• Irish harp(8.)• Hurdy-gurdy(9.)• Zither(10.)

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Fashion• symmetry and proportion• the beauty and refinement of textiles