RELIGION IN THE CLINIC

THE FACTS OF THE ISLAMIC FAITH

HISTORY

• founded

• 622 CE (HIJRI CALENDER)

• Place founded

• Mecca, Saudi Arabia

• Founder

• Muhammed (born c.570), a trade merchant from Arabia

ISLAM

• Adherents

• 1.3 billion

• second largest religious following in the world

ISLAM

• Main location

• Middle East and North Africa

• Major sects and denominations

• Sunni and Shi’ite: Twelvers - Majority Shi'ite denomination that reveres the Twelve Imams

Seveners - Shi'ite denomination holding that the legitimate line of imams ended with the seventh

ISLAM

• Sacred text

• Qur'an (Koran) and the HadithOriginal language

• Arabic

Religious professionals

• sheikh; imam (Shi'ite)

House of worship

• mosque

ISLAM

• Human nature

• Born in a state of purity, imperfect yet capable of seeking God and doing good

• Purpose of life: Submit to the will of Allah and attain paradise after death How to live

• Follow the Qur'an, Hadith and Five Pillars of Islam

• Afterlife

• Resurrection of body and soul followed by eternal paradise or hell

ISLAM

• Symbols

• crescent moon and star

ISLAM

• Major holidays

• Ramadan - month long

Eid al-Fitr - Festival of Breaking the Fast Hijra - week long; begins 1 Muharram

Eid al-Adha - Festival of Sacrifice

ISLAM

• Five Pillars

• 1. Confession of faith (shahada)

2. Daily prayer (salat)

3. Alms tax (zakat)

4. Pilgrimage to Mecca (hajj)

5. Fasting during Ramadan (sawm)

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BUDDHISM

• Meaning of name "Buddhism"?

• System taught by the Buddha

BUDDHISM

• Date founded:

• c. 520 BCE

BUDDHISM

• Place founded:

• Northeastern India

Founder:

• Siddharta Gautama ("the Buddha"), an Indian prince

• Adherents:

• 360 million Size rank:

• Fourth largest world religion

BUDDHISM

• Major divisions:

• Theravada, Mahayana, VajrayanaTheravada is atheistic; Mahayana is more polytheisticSacred texts:

• Pali Canon (Tripitaka), numerous Mahayana sutras

Original language:

• Pali

• Spiritual leader:

• Monk (lama in Tibetan Buddhism)

BUDDHISM

• Human nature:

• There is no self or soul. Human existence is nothing more than a combination of five impermanent components (khandas). Theravada - Become an arhat, escape the cycle of rebirth, and attain nirvana. Mahayana - Become a boddhisatva then help others attain enlightenment. Rebirth or nirvana. Nirvana is seen simply as the cessation of suffering by some and as a heavenly paradise by others.

BUDDHISM

• BELIEFS: 1. Equanimity (upekkha)2. Loving-kindness (metta) 3. Compassion (karuna) 4. Sympathetic joy (mudita)

BUDDHISM

• HOW DOES BUDDHISM AFFECT THE CLINIC?