Reliance Final Dhaka

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In training project report on “RISK & RETURN ANALYSIS OF MUTUAL FUNDS” Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement of Bachelor of Business  Administration (BBA), Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technlogy, Hisar .  Training Supervisor Submitted by Name & Designation Virendra dhaka - 1 -

Transcript of Reliance Final Dhaka

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of the SupervisorEnrolment No.Mr.Abhinav sharma

07511001005

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am very thankful to Reliance money Ltd. for having given me an

opportunity for training in the company.

I express my sincere thanks to Ms. Aarti Mittal HR of Reliance Money

Ltd., for involving me in day-to-day work at the office,which gave me an

insight to the actual environment in the industry .

I extend my thanks to my research guide Mr. Abhinav sharma  (project

manager) for giving me his valuable time out of his busy schedule and

guidance in my project.

My sincere appreciation to Mr. Uma Shankar, their valuable suggestions

and critical comments surely would be of great help in the longer run. They

spread their valuable time to respond to my queries. Their valuable

suggestions about handling and analysis of data collected in my work are

also appreciable. Their constant moral support during my training is

appreciable.Thanks are due to all other team members of the Human Resources

Department for their immense cooperation

Thank you all

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 (Virendra dhaka)

  BBA FINAL YR .

Ref. No: Date………………………

CERTIFICATE

  TO WHOM SO EVER IT MAY BE CONCERNED

 This is to certify that Mr.VIRENDRA DHAKA a regular studentof B.B.A. Part-3rd has done project work on the topic:“RISK&RETURN ANALYSIS OFMUTUAL FUNDS IN 

 RELIANCE”  Under my guidance for the purpose of partialfulfillment the requirement for the degree of B.B.A.

 PLACE: JAIPUR PROJECT SUPERVISOR 

DATE: (Mr. Abhinav sharma)

RELIANCE MONEY

Copyright© 2008. All rights Reserved. Reliance Money Limited Equities: Trading through Reliance Securities Limited | NSE SEBIRegistration Number Capital Market: - INB 231234833 | BSE SEBI Registration Number Capital Market: - INB 011234839 | NSE

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SEBI Registration Number Derivatives: - INF 231234833 Commodities: Trading through Reliance Commodities Limited | MCXmember code: 29030 | NCDEX member code: NCDEX-CO-05-00647| NMCE member code: CL0120 Mutual Funds: RelianceSecurities Limited | AMFI ARN No.29889

 

DECLARATION

I, VIRENDRA DHAKA, Student of BBA Session 2009-2010, declare that

the present work titled “RISK & RETURN ANALYSIS OF MUTUAL

FUNDS IN RELIANCE” is an original work. I anywhere else for the award

of any degree/ diploma/ certificate or for any prize have not submitted this

 project report. All the data given in the report is to the best of my knowledge

and all references whether of any person or organization can be

crosschecked.

  VIRENDRA DHAKA

 

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  PREFACE

This project has been prepared in the fulfillment of the degree of Bachelor of 

Business Administration (GJU Hisar). I have tried my best to present the

 best for my project title “RISK & RETURN ANALYSIS OF MUTUAL

FUNDS” under the able guidance of all staff and my faculties of PIMS.

Mutual funds are now the most appropriate investment option for the

investors. As financial markets become more sophisticated and complex,

investors need a financial intermediary who provides the required

knowledge and professional expertise on successful investing. It is no

wondering then that the birthplace of the mutual funds – the USA – the fund

industry has already overtaken the banking industry, more funds are being

under mutual fund management than deposit with banks.

The Indian Mutual Fund industry has already started opening up many of the

exciting investment opportunities to the Indian investors. We have started

witnessing the phenomenon of more savings now being entrusted to the

funds than to the banks. Despite the expected continuing growth in the

industry, Mutual Funds are still a new financial intermediary in India. Hence

it is important for the investors, the Mutual Fund agents, the Mutual Fund

distributors, then investment advisors and even the fund employees acquire better knowledge of what Mutual Funds are, what they cannot, and how they

function differently from other intermediaries such as banks.

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  TABLE OF CONTENTS

TOPICS: PAGE NO.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

CERTIFICATE

DECLARATION

PREFACE

PART 1:   INDUSTRY PROFILE

1.1 Concept of Mutual Fund 01-07

1.2 Types of Mutual Fund 08-11

1.3 Structure of Mutual Fund 12-131.4 Operation flow chart 14-141.5 Mutual Fund Management 15-16

1.6 Recent trends 17-18

1.7 History 19-21

1.8 Future scenario 22-23

PART 2: COMPANY PROFILE

2.1 Introduction of the company 24-252.2 Business Overview 25-262.3 Vision 26-262.4 Mission 27-272.5 Board of directors 28-28

2.6 Products & Services 29-29

PART 3: INTRODUCTION OF TOPIC

3.1 Mutual Fund 30-31

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3.2 Investment Objectives of Fund 32-33

3.3 How funds determine its share price or NAV? 34-343.4 Mutual fund markets 35-363.5 How to buy mutual fund? 37-383.6 Risk and Return 39-483.7 Investment strategies 49-49

 

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 50-53

OBJECTIVE OF STUDY 54-54

FINDINGS AND ANALYSIS 55-66

CONCLUSION 67-67

LIMITATION OF STUDY 68-68

RECOMMANDATION 69-69

BIBLIOGRAPHY 70-70

ANNEXURE 71-73

 

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PART-1

INDUSTRY PROFILE

1.1 CONCEPT OF MUTUAL FUND

A mutual fund is a company that pools the money of many people and

institutions and invests it in stocks, bonds, or other securities to pursue a

specific financial objective. Professional money managers make the day-to-

day decisions about which stocks, bonds, or other securities to buy and sell.Each investor shares in the fund’s gains or losses according to how many

shares they own.

Mutual Funds are one of the prominent financial instruments. It is preferred

 by any investors when compared with other financial instruments. There are

some who claim investing in mutual funds does not create the levels or 

 profit that other investments can earn.

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The diversified portfolios of investment companies mean that mutual funds

are a safe investment option. There are lots of mutual fund companies in the

market today. They are an attractive form of investment.

A Mutual Fund is a trust that pools the savings of a number of investors who

share a common financial goal. The money thus collected is invested by the

fund manager in different types of securities depending upon the objective of 

the scheme. These could range from shares to debentures to money market

instruments. The income earned through these investments and the capital

appreciation realized by the scheme is shared by its unit holders in

 proportion to the number of units owned by them (pro rata). Thus a Mutual

Fund is the most suitable investment for the common man as it offers an

opportunity to invest in a diversified, professionally managed portfolio at a

relatively low cost. Anybody with an investigable surplus of as little as a few

thousand rupees can invest in Mutual Funds. Each Mutual Fund scheme has

a defined investment objective and strategy.

A Mutual fund is the ideal investment vehicle for today's complex and

modern financial scenario. Markets for equity shares, bonds and other fixed

income instruments, real estate, derivatives and other assets have becomemature and information driven. Price changes in these assets are driven by

global events occurring in faraway places. A typical individual is unlikely to

have the. An individual also finds it difficult to keep track of ownership of 

his assets, investments, brokerage dues and bank transactions etc.

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A mutual fund is the answer to all these situations. It appoints professionally

qualified and experienced staff that manages each of these functions on a

full time basis. The large pool of money collected in the fund allows it to

hire such staff at a very low cost to each investor.

 

OBJECTIVES OF MUTUAL FUND

To define and maintain high professional and ethical standards in all

areas of operation of mutual fund industry.

To interact with the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI)

and to represent to SEBI on all matters concerning the mutual fund

industry.

To represent to the Government, Reserve Bank of India and other 

 bodies on all matters relating to the Mutual Fund Industry.

To develop a cadre of well-trained Agent distributors and to

implement a program of training and certification for all intermediaries

and others engaged in the industry.

To undertake nation wide investor awareness program so as to

 promote proper understanding of the concept and working of mutual

funds.

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To recommend and promote best business practices and code of 

conduct to be followed by members and other engaged in the activities of 

mutual fund and asset management including agencies connected or 

involved in the field of capital markets and financial services.

 ADVANTAGES OF MUTUAL FUND

Diversification

Professional Management

Convenience

Liquidity

Minimum initial investment

Return Potential

Low Costs

Transparency 

Flexibility

Well regulated

Choice of schemes

Tax Efficiency

Diversification:

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Using mutual funds can help an investor diversify their portfolio with a

minimum investment. When investing in a single fund, an investor is

actually investing in numerous securities. Spreading your investment across

a range of securities can help to reduce risk. A stock mutual fund, for 

example, invests in many stocks - hundreds or even thousands. This

minimizes the risk attributed to a concentrated position. If a few securities in

the mutual fund lose value or become worthless, the loss maybe offset by

other securities that appreciate in value. Further diversification can be

achieved by investing in multiple funds which invest in different sectors.

Professional Management:

Mutual funds are managed and supervised by investment professionals. As

 per the stated objectives set forth in the prospectus, along with prevailing

market conditions and other factors, the mutual fund manager will decide

when to buy or sell securities. This eliminates the investor of the difficult

task of trying to time the market. Furthermore, mutual funds can eliminate

the cost an investor would incur when proper due diligence is given to

researching securities. This cost of managing numerous securities is

dispersed among all the investors according to the amount of shares they

own with a fraction of each dollar invested used to cover the expenses of the

fund. What does this mean? Fund managers have more money to research

more securities more in depth than the average investor.

Convenience:

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With most mutual funds, buying and selling shares, changing distribution

options, and obtaining information can be accomplished conveniently by

telephone, by mail, or online.

Although a fund's shareholder is relieved of the day-to-day tasks involved in

researching, buying, and selling securities, an investor will still need to

evaluate a mutual fund based on investment goals and risk tolerance before

making a purchase decision. Investors should always read the prospectus

carefully before investing in any mutual fund.

Liquidity:

Mutual fund shares  are liquid and orders to buy or sell are placed during

market hours. However, orders are not executed until the close of business

when the NAV (Net Average Value) of the fund can be determined. Fees or 

commissions may or may not be applicable. Fees and commissions are

determined by the specific fund and the institution that executes the order.

Minimum Initial Investment:

Most funds have a minimum initial purchase of $2,500 but some are as low

as $1,000. If you purchase a mutual fund in an IRA, the minimum initial purchase requirement tends to be lower. You can buy some funds for as

little as $50 per month if you agree to dollar-cost average, or invest a certain

dollar amount each month or quarter.

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Return Potential:

Over a medium to long-term, Mutual Funds have the potential to provide a

higher return as they invest in a diversified basket of selected securities.

Low Costs:

Mutual Funds are a relatively less expensive way to invest compared to

directly investing in the capital markets because the benefits of scale in

 brokerage, custodial and other fees translate into lower costs for investors.

Transparency:

You get regular information on the value of your investment in addition to

disclosure on the specific investments made by your scheme, the proportion

invested in each class of assets and the fund manager's investment strategy

and outlook.

Flexibility:

Through features such as regular investment plans, regular withdrawal plans

and dividend reinvestment plans, you can systematically invest or withdraw

funds according to your needs and convenience.

Well Regulated:

All Mutual Funds are registered with SEBI and they function within the

 provisions of strict regulations designed to protect the interests of investors.

The operations of Mutual Funds are regularly monitored by SEBI.

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Choice of Schemes:

Mutual Funds offer a family of schemes to suit your varying needs over alifetime

Tax efficiency:

Income tax benefits are granted to investors in mutual funds, making it more

tax efficient as compared to other comparable investment avenues.

1.2 TYPES OF MUTUAL FUND

The figure below gives an overview into the existing types of schemes …

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 BY STRUCTURE 

OPEN ENDED – These do not have fixed maturity. The investors are free to

 buy or sell any number of units at any point of time. We directly deal to

MUTUAL

FUND TYPES

BY

STRUCTURE

BY

INVESTMENT

OBJECTIVE

OTHER 

SCHEMES

OPEN ENDED

SCHEMES

CLOSE ENDED

SCHEMES

INTERVAL

SCHEMES

GROWTH

SCHEMES

INCOME

SCHEMES

BALANCED

SCHEMES

TAX SAVING SCHEMES

SECTOR 

SPECIFIC

SCHEMES

INDEX

SCHEMES

MONEY

MARKET

SCHEMES

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mutual fund for our investment and redemption. The key feature is liquidity.

We can conveniently buy and sell of units at NAV related prices.

CLOSE ENDED –  The scheme have stipulated maturity period. We caninvest in the scheme at the time of initial issue and there after we can buy

and sell the units under stock exchange where they are listed or these will be

repurchased by the mutual fund at their maturity. The market price at the

stock exchange could vary from the schemes NAV on account of demand

and supply situation.

One of the characteristics of close ended scheme is that they are generally

traded at discount to NAV but closer to maturity.

INTERVAL  – This scheme have combine the features of open ended and

close ended schemes and may be traded on stock exchange any time or well

  be open for sale or redemption during predetermined intervals at NAV

related prices.

 BY INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE GROWTH SCHEMES - The aim of growth funds is to provide capital

appreciation over the medium to long-term. These schemes invest majority

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of their funds in equities and are willing to bear short term decline in value

for possible future appreciation. These may be of diversified nature or may

 be sector oriented.

INCOME SCHEME – Debt schemes typically invest a major part, if not all

their funds in debt, in many market investment like bonds, debentures,

government securities, in the inter banks call money market or commercial

 paper. These instruments provide a fixed interest which is generally paid out

at various intervals access to such investment. The aim of income funds is to

 provide regular and steady income to investors.

BALANCED SCHEME –  These invest both in shares and fixed income

securities in the proper way indicated in the offer document. These provide

moderate risk and moderate return to the investors. As the NAV of these

schemes may not keep pace or face equity when the equity market rises or 

falls respectively.

MONEY MARKET SCHEME –  The aim of money market funds is to

 provide easy liquidity, preservation of capital and moderate income. These

schemes generally invest in safer short-term instruments such a treasury

 bills, certificates of deposit commercial paper and inter-bank call money.

OTHER SCHEMES 

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The Indian mutual fund industry is dominated by the Unit Trust of India

which has a total corpus of Rs 700bn collected from more than 20 million

investors. The UTI has many funds/schemes in all categories i.e. equity,

 balanced income etc with some being open-ended and some being closed-

ended. The Unit Scheme 1964 commonly referred to as US 64, which is a

 balanced fund, is the biggest scheme with a corpus of about Rs 200 bn. UTI

was floated by financial institutions and is governed by a special act of 

Parliament. Most of its investors believe that the UTI is government owned

and controlled, which, while legally incorrect, is true for all practical

 purposes.

The second largest categories of mutual funds are the ones floated by

nationalized banks. Canbank Asset Management floated by Canara Bank 

and SBI Funds Management floated by the State Bank of India are the

largest of these. GIC AMC floated by General Insurance Corporation and

Jeevan Bima Sahayog AMC floated by the LIC are some of the other 

 prominent ones. The aggregate corpus of funds managed by this category of 

AMCs is about Rs 150 bn.

the third largest category of mutual funds is the ones floated by the private

sector and by foreign asset management companies. The largest of these are

Prudential ICICI AMC and Birla Sun Life AMC>the aggregate corpus of 

assets managed by this category of AMCs is in excess of Rs 250 bn.

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1.4 OPERATION FLOW CHART

1.5 FUND MANAGEMENT

 

Pool their

money

with

Invest inGenerates

Passed

back to

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Actively managed funds: Mutual Fund managers are professionals. They

are considered professionals because of their knowledge and experience.

Managers are hired to actively manage mutual fund portfolios. Instead of 

seeking to track market performance, active fund management tries to beat

it. To do this, fund managers "actively" buy and sell individual securities.

For an actively managed fund, the corresponding index can be used as a

 performance benchmark.

Is an active fund a better investment because it is trying to outperform the

market? Not necessarily. While there is the potential for higher returns with

active funds, they are more unpredictable and more risky. From 1990

through 1999, on average, 76% of large cap actively managed stock funds

actually under performed the S&P 500. (Source - Schwab Center for 

 Investment Research)

Actively managed fund styles: Some active fund managers follow an

investing "style" to try and maximize fund performance while meeting the

investment objectives of the fund. Fund styles usually fall with in the

following three categories.

Fund Styles:

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• Value: The manager invests in stocks believed to be currently

undervalued by the market.

• Growth: The manager selects stocks they believe have a strong

 potential for beating the market.

• Blend: The manager looks for a combination of both growth and

value stocks.

To determine the style of a mutual fund, consult the prospectus as well as

other sources that review mutual funds. Don't be surprised if the

information conflicts. Although a prospectus may state a specific fund style,

the style may change. Value stocks held in the portfolio over a period of 

time may become growth stocks and vice versa. Other research may give a

more current and accurate account of the style of the fund.

1.6 RECENT TRENDS IN MUTUAL FUND INDUSTRY

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The most important trend in the mutual fund industry is the aggressive

expansion of the foreign owned mutual fund companies and the decline of 

the companies floated by nationalized banks and smaller private sector 

 players.

Many nationalized banks got into the mutual fund business in the early

nineties and got off to a good start due to the stock market boom prevailing

then. These banks did not really understand the mutual fund business and

they just viewed it as another kind of banking activity. Few hired specialized

staff and generally chose to transfer staff from the parent organizations. The

 performance of most of the schemes floated by these funds was not good.

Some schemes has offered guaranteed returns and their parent organizations

had to bail out these AMCs by paying large amounts of money as the

difference between the guaranteed and actual returns. The service levels

were also very bad. Most of these AMCs have not been able to retain staff,

float new schemes etc. and it is doubtful whether, barring a few exceptions,

they have serious plans of continuing the activity in a major way.

The experience of some of the AMCs floated by private sector Indian

companies was also very similar. They quickly realized that the AMC

 business is a business, which makes money in the long term and requires

deep-pocketed support in the intermediate years. Some have sold out to

foreign owned companies, some have merged with others and there is

general restructuring going on.

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The foreign owned companies have deep pockets and have come in here

with the expectation of a long haul. They can be credited with introducing

many new practices such as new product innovation, sharp improvement in

service standards and disclosure, usage of technology, broker education and

support etc. In fact, they have forced the industry to upgrade itself and

service levels of organizations like UTI have improved dramatically in the

last few years in response to the competition provided by these.

1.7 HISTORY OF MUTUAL FUND INDUSTRY

The mutual fund industry in India started in 1963 with the formation of Unit

Trust of India, at the initiative of the Government of India and Reserve Bank 

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the. The history of mutual funds in India can be broadly divided into four 

distinct phases

First Phase – 1964-87 

Unit Trust of India (UTI) was established on 1963 by an Act of Parliament.

It was set up by the Reserve Bank of India and functioned under the

Regulatory and administrative control of the Reserve Bank of India. In 1978

UTI was de-linked from the RBI and the Industrial Development Bank of 

India (IDBI) took over the regulatory and administrative control in place of 

RBI. The first scheme launched by UTI was Unit Scheme 1964. At the end

of 1988 UTI had Rs.6, 700 crores of assets under management.

 Second Phase – 1987-1993 (Entry of Public Sector Funds)

1987 marked the entry of non- UTI, public sector mutual funds set up by

  public sector banks and Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) and

General Insurance Corporation of India (GIC). SBI Mutual Fund was the

first non- UTI Mutual Fund established in June 1987 followed by Canbank 

Mutual Fund (Dec 87), Punjab National Bank Mutual Fund (Aug 89), Indian

Bank Mutual Fund (Nov 89), Bank of India (Jun 90), Bank of Baroda

Mutual Fund (Oct 92). LIC established its mutual fund in June 1989 while

GIC had set up its mutual fund in December 1990. At the end of 1993, the

mutual fund industry had assets under management of Rs.47, 004 crores.

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Third Phase – 1993-2003 (Entry of Private Sector Funds)

With the entry of private sector funds in 1993, a new era started in the Indianmutual fund industry, giving the Indian investors a wider choice of fund

families. Also, 1993 was the year in which the first Mutual Fund

Regulations came into being, under which all mutual funds, except UTI were

to be registered and governed. The erstwhile Kothari Pioneer (now merged

with Franklin Templeton) was the first private sector mutual fund registered

in July 1993.The 1993 SEBI (Mutual Fund) Regulations were substituted by

a more comprehensive and revised Mutual Fund Regulations in 1996. The

industry now functions under the SEBI (Mutual Fund) Regulations 1996.

The number of mutual fund houses went on increasing, with many foreign

mutual funds setting up funds in India and also the industry has witnessed

several mergers and acquisitions. As at the end of January 2003, there were

33 mutual funds with total assets of Rs. 1,21, 805 crores. The Unit Trust of 

India with Rs.44, 541 crores of assets under management was way ahead of 

other mutual funds.

Fourth Phase – since February 2003

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Some basic facts— 

• The money market mutual fund segment has a total corpus of $ 1.48

trillion in the U.S. against a corpus of $ 100 million in India.

• Out of the top 10 mutual funds worldwide, eight are bank-sponsored.

Only Fidelity and Capital are non-bank mutual funds in this group.

• In the U.S. the total number of schemes is higher than that of the listed

companies while in India we have just 277 schemes.

• Internationally, mutual funds are allowed to go short. In India fund

managers do not have such leeway.

• In the U.S. about 9.7 million households will manage their assets on-

line by the year 2003, such a facility is not yet of avail in India.

• On-line trading is a great idea to reduce management expenses from

the current 2% of total assets to about 0.75% of the total assets.

• 72% of the core customer base of mutual funds in the top 50-broking

firms in the U.S. is expected to trade on-line by 2003.

Internationally, on-line investing continues its meteoric rise. Many have

debated about the success of e-commerce and its breakthroughs, but it is true

that this aspect of technology could and will change the way financial

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sectors function. However, mutual funds cannot be left far behind. They

have realized the potential of the Internet and are equipping themselves to

 perform better.

In fact in advanced countries like the U.S.A. mutual funds buy-sell

transactions have already begun on the Net, while in India the Net is

used as a source of Information.

Such changes could facilitate easy access, lower intermediation costs

and better services for all. A research agency that specializes in internet

technology estimates that over the next four years Mutual Fund Assets

traded on-line will grow ten folds from $ 128 billion to $ 1,227 billion;

whereas equity assets traded on-line will increase during the period from $

246 billion to $ 1,561 billion. This will increase the share of mutual funds

from 34% to 40% during the period. Such increases in volumes are expected

to bring about large changes in the way Mutual Funds conduct their 

 business.

 

PART-2

COMPANY PROFILE

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2.1 INTRODUCTION OF THE COMPANY

Reliance Money is a group company of Reliance Capital; one of India's

leading and fastest growing private sector financial services companies,

ranking among the top 3 private sector financial services and banking

companies, in terms of net worth. Reliance Capital is a part of the Reliance

Anil Dhirubhai Ambani Group.

Reliance Money is a comprehensive electronic transaction platform offering

a wide range of asset classes. Its endeavor is to change the way India

transacts in financial markets and avails financial services. Reliance Money

is a single window, enabling you to access, amongst others in Equities,

Equity & Commodities Derivatives, Mutual Funds, IPOs, Life & General

Insurance products, Offshore Investments, Money Transfer, Money

Changing and Credit Cards.

Reliance Capital has interests in asset management and mutual funds, life

and general insurance, private equity and proprietary investments, stock  broking and other activities in financial services.

2.2 BUSINESS OVERVIEW

RCL is registered as a depository participant with National Securities

Depository Ltd (NSDL) and Central Depository Services Ltd (CDSL) under 

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the Securities and Exchange Board of India (Depositories and Participants)

Regulations, 1996. RCL has sponsored the Reliance Mutual Fund within the

framework of the Securities and Exchange Board of India (Mutual Fund)

Regulations, 1996.RCL primarily focuses on funding projects in the

infrastructure sector and supports the growth of its subsidiary companies,

Reliance Capital Asset Management Limited, Reliance Capital Trustee Co.

Limited, Reliance General Insurance Company Limited and Reliance Life

Insurance Company Limited. As of March 31, 2005, the company’s

investment in infrastructure projects stood at Rs. 1071 Crores. The

investment portfolio of RCL is structured in a way that realizes the highest

 post-tax return on its investments.

 

2.3 VISION OF THE COMPANY

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“To be a globally respected wealth creator with

an emphasis on customer care and a culture of 

good corporate governance.”

"We will leverage our strengths in executing complex global-scale projects

to make leading edge information and financial services affordable by all

individual consumers and businesses in India. We will offer unparalleled

value to create customer delight and enhance business productivity. We will

also generate value for our capabilities beyond Indian boarders while

enabling millions of knowledge workers to deliver their service globally."

2.3 MISSION OF THE COMPANY

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“Growth has no limit at Reliance. I 

keep revising my vision. Only when you

can dream it, you can do it.” MR.ANIL AMBANI

CHAIRMAN

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2.4 BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Amitabh Jhunjhunwala, Vice-Chairman

He is 51, a Fellow Chartered Accountant.

Rajendra Chitale, Independent Director  

He is 46, an eminent Chartered Accountant, is the

Managing Partner of M/s M. P. Chitale & Associates.

Shri C. P. Jain

He is 61, is the former Chairman and Managing

Director of NTPC Ltd. (National Thermal Power 

Corporation).

2.5 PRODUCTS & SERVICES

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  PART-3

INTRODUCTION OF THE TOPIC

 

MONEY

CHANGING

MONEYTRANSFE

IPO’S

INSURANC

E

MUTUAL

FUND

COMMODITIES

DERIVAT

-IVES

EQUITY

 RELIANCE

MONEY

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Reliance Mutual Fund (RMF) is one of India’s leading Mutual Funds, with

Assets Under Management (AUM) of Rs.59,857 crore (AUM as on 30th

June 2007) and an investor base of over 3.4million.Reliance Mutual Fund

constantly endeavor’s to launch innovative products and customer service

initiatives to increase value to investors.

Reliance Mutual Fund schemes are managed by Reliance Capital Asset

Management Ltd., a wholly owned subsidiary of Reliance Capital Ltd.

Reliance Capital is one of India's leading and fastest growing private sector 

financial services companies, and ranks among the top 3 private sector 

financial services and banking companies, in terms of net worth.

Reliance Capital has interests in asset management and mutual funds, life

and general insurance, private equity and proprietary investments, stock 

 broking and other financial services.

3.2 INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES OF MUTUAL FUND

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The following table shows five mutual fund categories, listed by 33 differentinvestment objectives:

Fund Category SubcategoryInvestment

Objective

Equity Capital appreciation Aggressive growth

-- -- Growth

-- -- Sector  

-- Total return Growth-and-income

-- -- Income-equity

-- World equity Emerging market

-- -- Global equity

-- -- International equity

-- -- Regional equity

Hybrid Hybrid Asset allocation

-- -- Balanced

-- -- Flexible portfolio

-- -- Income-mixed

Taxable bond Corporate General

-- -- Intermediate-term

-- -- Short-term

-- High yield High yield

-- World Global bond, general

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-- --Global bond, short-

term

-- -- Other world bond

-- Government General

-- -- Intermediate-term

-- -- Short-term

-- -- Mortgage-backed

-- Strategic income Strategic income

Tax-free bond State municipal General

-- -- Short-term

-- National municipal General

-- -- Short-term

Money market Taxable Government

-- -- Non-government

-- Tax-exempt National

-- -- State

3.3 HOW FUND DETERMINE ITS SHARE PRICE OR NAV

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3.4 MUTUAL FUND MARKETS

Rapid growth of the mutual fund market is a challenge to both management

companies and supervision. Similarly to the assets in mutual funds, the

number of Finnish mutual funds has experienced strong growth. At the

moment, there are already 508 mutual funds, while the figure stood at 469 at

the end of 2005 and 403 at the end of 2004. The number of unit holders has

also increased steadily. In particular, mutual fund ownership of individuals

has increased strongly.

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Rapid growth requires expertise and moderation in order to control the

operational risks related to growth, so that eg the processes of NAV

calculation and mutual fund unit register function without errors as the

number of transactions increases. Similarly the sufficiency and expertise of 

 personnel is put to the test amid rapid growth. From a supervision point of 

view it is important to pay attention to the capability of management

companies to review their operating modes in line with their growth.

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Increase in the number of unit holders increases the number of those

investors in the markets with little knowledge about mutual funds as

investments or even about the securities markets. Supervision must now

focus on the supervision of the disclosure obligation, since the key processes

and risk management in the industry have been inspected extensively in

2003 - 2006.

3.5 HOW TO BUY MUTUAL FUND? 

Buying mutual funds have never been difficult even considering the

complexities involved in it. You can buy mutual funds as easily as 1-2-3.

Here are the typical steps involved when you want to buy mutual funds

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• You can buy mutual funds when mutual fund companies make initial

 public offerings. At this time you will usually have to pay the basic

face value and not the market dictated price that includes a premium

as in many cases. Filling out an application form with a payment of 

some initial deposit is all it takes.

• Buying mutual funds called closed end funds is from stock exchanges.

Closed end funds are initially sold by fund companies in limited

numbers and they are listed in a stock exchange to facilitate trading by

investors. These will be usually at premium prices or as dictated by

demands in the market (higher demands for various reasons attract

higher premiums).

• Buying mutual funds called closed end funds is from stock exchanges.

Closed end funds are initially sold by fund companies in limited

numbers and they are listed in a stock exchange to facilitate trading by

investors. These will be usually at premium prices or as dictated by

demands in the market (higher demands for various reasons attract

higher premiums).

• You can also buy mutual funds (open end funds - funds purchasable

 perpetually from the company). Here the price at which you buy will

 be a figure called as NAV in the industry circles. This term stands for 

net asset value, a figure that denotes the current value of a share of the

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company after adding the earnings and deducting the expenses and

taxes equally amongst all the number of shares.

• Most companies and banks that are in the mutual funds business

facilitate online buying of mutual funds to their customers. They need

you to have a trading as well as a demat account and connect your 

 bank account to this. You can log on to a broker's or the company's

own trading internet portal to be able to buy online. Once online you

can choose from the array of exchange traded mutual funds (ETF) and

open end funds too. Your trades will be either credited or debited to

your demat account (an account to hold dematerialized shares -

electronic form of shares) instantaneously. This is some what like you

can transfer funds from your bank account.

3.6 RISK AND RETURN

RISK 

Risk can be defined as the potential for harm.

But when anyone analyzing mutual funds uses this term, what is actually being talked about is volatility.

Volatility is nothing but the fluctuation of the Net Asset Value (price of aunit of a fund). The higher the volatility, the greater the fluctuations of the

 NAV.

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Generally, past volatility is taken as an indicator of future risk and for the

task of evaluating a mutual fund; this is an adequate (even if not ideal)

approximation.

What is risk?

Every type of investment, including mutual funds, involves risk. Risk refers

to the possibility that you will lose money (both principal and any earnings)

or fail to make money on an investment. A fund's investment objective and

its holdings are influential factors in determining how risky a fund is.

Reading the prospectus will help you to understand the risk associated with

that particular fund.

Generally speaking, risk and potential return are related. This is the

risk/return trade-off. Higher risks are usually taken with the expectation of 

higher returns at the cost of increased volatility. While a fund with higher 

risk has the potential for higher return, it also has the greater potential for 

losses or negative returns. The school of thought when investing in mutual

funds suggests that the longer your investment time horizon is the less

affected you should be by short-term volatility. Therefore, the shorter your 

investment time horizon, the more concerned you should be with short-term

volatility and higher risk.

Defining Mutual fund risk 

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Different mutual fund categories as previously defined have inherently

different risk characteristics and should not be compared side by side. A

 bond fund with below-average risk, for example, should not be compared to

a stock fund with below average risk. Even though both funds have low risk 

for their respective categories, stock funds overall have a higher risk/return

 potential than bond funds.

Of all the asset classes, cash investments (i.e. money markets) offer the

greatest price stability but have yielded the lowest long-term returns. Bonds

typically experience more short-term price swings, and in turn have

generated higher long-term returns. However, stocks historically have been

subject to the greatest short-term price fluctuations—and have provided the

highest long-term returns. Investors looking for a fund which incorporates

all asset classes may consider a balanced or hybrid mutual fund. These

funds can be very conservative or very aggressive. Asset allocation

 portfolios are mutual funds that invest in other mutual funds with different

asset classes. At the discretion of the manager(s), securities are bought,

sold, and shifted between funds with different asset classes according to

market conditions.

Mutual funds face risks based on the investments they hold. For example, a

 bond fund faces interest rate risk and income risk. Bond values are inversely

related to interest rates. If interest rates go up, bond values will go down

and vice versa. Bond income is also affected by the change in interest rates.

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doing so. All dividend/bonus distributions are subject to the availability of 

the distributable surplus in the Scheme.

Types of risk 

Following is a glossary of some risks to consider when investing in mutual

funds.

• Call Risk . The possibility that falling interest rates will cause a bond

issuer to redeem—or call—its high-yielding bond before the bond's

maturity date.

• Country Risk . The possibility that political events (a war, national

elections), financial problems (rising inflation, government default),

or natural disasters (an earthquake, a poor harvest) will weaken a

country's economy and cause investments in that country to decline.

• Credit Risk . The possibility that a bond issuer will fail to repay

interest and principal in a timely manner. Also called default risk.

• Currency Risk . The possibility that returns could be reduced for 

Americans investing in foreign securities because of a rise in the value

of the U.S. dollar against foreign currencies. Also called exchange-

rate risk.

• Income Risk . The possibility that a fixed-income fund's dividends

will decline as a result of falling overall interest rates.

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• Industry Risk . The possibility that a group of stocks in a single

industry will decline in price due to developments in that industry.

• Inflation Risk . The possibility that increases in the cost of living will

reduce or eliminate a fund's real inflation-adjusted returns.

• Interest Rate Risk . The possibility that a bond fund will decline in

value because of an increase in interest rates.

• Manager Risk . The possibility that an actively managed mutual

fund's investment adviser will fail to execute the fund's investment

strategy effectively resulting in the failure of stated objectives.

• Market Risk . The possibility that stock fund or bond fund prices

overall will decline over short or even extended periods. Stock and

 bond markets tend to move in cycles, with periods when prices rise

and other periods when prices fall.

• Principal Risk . The possibility that an investment will go down in

value, or "lose money," from the original or invested amount.

How Mutual Funds Manage To Reduce Their Risk?

Fund managers allocate available funds in a specified proportion among

various instruments of investments. Consider a fund being well diversified

across the spectrum of exchange listed stocks and bonds which yield a

guaranteed return in addition to being invested in money markets and real

estates. While bonds and money market investments provide a low but

steady return, other instruments are of high yielding character in a short

 period. The higher risk of high yielding portfolio is compensated for by the

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investments in bonds in events of adverse market behavior. The portfolio

will be constantly reviewed and adjusted to variations in order to maximize

returns and minimize risks. This means, fund managers buy or sell stocks or 

 bonds as per the dictates of the fund and market pulls. For example an

investment in a perceived risky instrument will be sold immediately and

reinvested in a prospective media of the time.

RETURN

As an investor, you want to know the fund's return-its track record over a

specified period of time. So what exactly is "return?"

A mutual fund's return is the rate of increase or decrease in its value over a

specific period of time usually expressed in the following increments: one,

three, five, and ten year, year to date, and since the inception of the

fund. Since return is a common measure of performance, you can use it to

evaluate and compare mutual funds within the same fund category.

Generally expressed as an annualized percentage rate, return is calculated

assuming that all distributions from the fund are reinvested.

Since average returns can sometimes "hide" short-term highs and lows, you

should evaluate returns for a time period of several years-not just one year or 

less. A fund that has a high return in one year may have experienced losses

in other years-these fluctuations may not be apparent in its average return.

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While a fund's return shows its track record, keep in mind that past

 performance is no guarantee of future results.

When using returns to compare funds, always use net returns. Net returns

are the true returns of both load and no-load funds after deducting all costs

and expenses.

Types of return 

There are three ways, where the total returns provided by mutual funds can

 be enjoyed by investors:

• Income is earned from dividends on stocks and interest on bonds. A

fund pays out nearly all income it receives over the year to fund

owners in the form of a distribution.

• If the fund sells securities that have increased in price, the fund has a

capital gain. Most funds also pass on these gains to investors in a

distribution.

• If fund holdings increase in price but are not sold by the fund

manager, the fund's shares increase in price. You can then sell your 

mutual fund shares for a profit. Funds will also usually give you a

choice either to receive a check for distributions or to reinvest the

earnings and get more shares.

Mutual fund returns

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Fund Category Rating 3Yr  

 ReturnUTI Infrastructure Equity: Diversified 66.62

Magnum Contra Equity: Diversified 66.14

DSPML T.I.G.E.R. Reg Equity: Diversified 64.56Magnum Global Equity: Diversified 63.32

Reliance Growth Equity: Diversified 60.93

Sundaram BNP Paribas Select Midcap

Equity: Diversified 60.50

Kotak Opportunities Equity: Diversified 60.05

HDFC Equity Equity: Diversified 51.13

HDFC Top 200 Equity: Diversified 50.88

Magnum Balanced Hybrid: Equity-oriented  46.69

Canara Robeco Balance II Hybrid: Equity-oriented  42.82

HDFC Prudence Hybrid: Equity-oriented  40.78

ICICI Prudential Long-... Debt: Medium-term 9.07

Birla Sun Life Income Debt: Medium-term 7.57

Canara Robeco Income Debt: Medium-term 6.72

ICICI Prudential Flexible Income

Debt: Medium-term 6.51

ICICI Prudential Advis... Debt: Medium-term 6.34

Magnum Multiplier Plus Equity: Diversified 67.04

Birla Sun Life Equity Equity: Diversified 60.02

DSPML Equity Fund Equity: Diversified 57.78

Sundaram BNP Paribas S...

Equity: Diversified 56.67

ICICI Prudential Dynamic Equity: Diversified 56.19

Sundaram BNP Paribas I...  Equity: Diversified 55.05Kotak 30 Equity: Diversified 54.91

Birla Mid Cap Equity: Diversified 54.87

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3.7 Investment strategies

Knowing your tolerance for risk is one of the important issues you must

consider when you are making an investment decision. You must have a

strong understanding of your personal situation and investment goals.

Consider the following criteria when developing your investment strategy.

1. Current income needs: Do you need income from your investment tomeet current living expenses? Will you reinvest any dividends or 

interest paid that exceeds your current income needs?

2. Capital risk tolerance: Will you be seriously concerned over a

temporary drop in market value or your investment?

3. Time horizon: How long can you invest before withdrawing

substantial funds? Will you need to withdraw money for a new car,

tuition, or a vacation home?

4. Tax liability: Are you in a high tax bracket? Are you subject to a state

capital gains and dividend tax?

5. Legal considerations: Are there investment restrictions due to the

nature or source of your funds? Are the funds part of an organization

or other entity on which investment restrictions have been imposed by

law or other regulations?

6. Liquidity requirements: Is there a foreseeable need for large

amounts of cash for which provisions should be made?

7. Unique requirements: Is there anything unique or special that must

 be considered in your financial planning?

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  RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

DEFINATION

Research methodology is a way to systematically solve the research

 problem. It may be understood as science of studying how research is done

scientifically.

According to Clifford woody “Research Comprises defining and redefining

  problem formulating hypothesis or suggested solution Collecting,

Organizing and evaluating data making deductions and reaching Conclusion

at Carefully testing the Conclusion to determine whether they fit the

formulating hypothesis”.

TYPES OF RESEARCH

Descriptive research is also called Statistical Research. The main goal of 

this type of research is to describe the data and characteristics about what is

 being studied. The idea behind this type of research is to study frequencies,

averages, and other statistical calculations. Although this research is highly

accurate, it does not gather the causes behind a situation.

Exploratory research is a type of research conducted because a problem

has not been clearly defined. Exploratory research helps determine the bestresearch design, data collection method and selection of subjects. Given its

fundamental nature, exploratory research often concludes that a perceived

 problem does not actually exist.

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Quantitative research is based on the measurement of quantity or amount.

It is applicable to phenomena that can be expressed in term of quantity. We

have also found requirement in quantity so it’s the quantitative research.

POPULATION

• Specific Area :- Durgapura colony, JAIPUR 

•   population :- 2 lack 

SAMPLE DESIGN

Sample design refers to the technique or the procedure the researcher would

adopt in selecting item for the Sample. Sample design may be well lay down

the number of items to be included in the sample that is the size of the

sample design is determined before data are collected. There are many

Sample designs from which a researcher can choose some designs are

relatively more precise and easier to apply than other researcher must select

a sample design which should be reliable and appropriate for his research

study.

Here we have used random sampling and the sample size was 300.

We have made a questionnaire through personal interview filled the

questionnaire.

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Data Collection

Data collection is a very important step in any research. It’s the pivot along

which the whole research revolves. If the data collected is not appropriate

then the whole research will be of no use.

Data Collection basically involves collecting the relevant data from various

sources may be primary or secondary and then sorting the information so

that meaningful information can be gathered from the sorted data.Data can be collected from two sources:

Sources of Data Collection

Primary sources Secondary Sources

Primary Sources: Primary sources include the data, which are first handed.

They are collected directly from the respondents using the data collection

methods like the questionnaires, survey interviews, direct observation, or 

tabulation.

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Secondary Sources: Secondary sources are the sources in which data has

already been collected by some other person or organization for their use

and is used by the researcher for his purpose. These include websites, trade

associations, journals, books etc.

My research is based on the mixture of both primary and secondary sources.

I have collected the information with the help of Questionnaire, journals and

websites. Questionnaires have helped me to know about the needs of the

individual investors. Journals and websites have provided me the

information about the MF industry, its past and future performance.

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  FINDINGS AND ANALYSIS

As part of the project we had make a survey with the help of questionnaire

that has to taken to different people to get perception towards mutual fund

the questionnaire is passed on the general public and requested to give their 

opinion toward mutual fund the questionnaire Consists of both open and

close ended question the main motto behind the Study is to find out how

 people react against the mutual fund and aware about the benefits of mutual

fund.

In research methodology we have used random sampling and sample

size was 300. Simple random sampling method is followed where every

member of population have equal chance of been selected. The questionnaire

is administrated on sample to find out their perception towards mutual fund.

After analysis of questionnaire conclusions were made based on finding

from pie charts.

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Q.1.Are you aware of the mutual fund?

(a) YES [ ]

(b) NO [ ]

(c) NO IDEA [ ]

MUTUAL FUND AWARENESS

70%

10%

20%NO IDEA

NO

YES

INTERPRETATION

From the survey it was find out that 70% of customers know about mutual

fund. While 20% Customer are not aware with mutual fund and rest of the

customers they have no idea about the mutual fund.

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Q.2. Have you ever invested in any mutual fund?

(a) YES [ ]

(b) NO [ ]

MUTUAL FUND INVESTMENT

55%

45% NO

YES

INTERPRETATION

Out of total respondents 55% have at least some amount in mutual fund, the

fact that some how majority for investment in mutual fund.

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Q.2 (a) If YES,

Then how much return you are earning?

Ans. As per the survey 55% people invested in mutual fund. Most of them

say that it is the most appropriate amount of return that a person should

demand, a number of factors have to be considered such as his current

situation, future business plans etc. It is an investment avenue that has the

potential for safety as well as growth

They are earning near about 32% annual return from their investment which

is quite good as per the investment purpose.

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Q.4.Why should you choose to invest in mutual fund?

(a) Maximum Return [ ]

(b) Tax Benefit [ ]

(c) Easy to Invest [ ]

INVESTMENT PURPOSE

50%

40%

10%

EASY TO INVEST

TAX BENEFIT

MAXIMUM RETURN 

INTERPRETATION

From the survey it was find out that 50% people invest for the higher return

and 40% invest for the tax benefit and the rest are invest as it is easy toinvest.

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Q.5.How can you select your mutual fund?

(a) Fund Performance [ ]

(b) Fund NAV [  ]

(c) Brand Image [ ]

FUND SELECTION CRITERIA

20%

35%

45%BRAND IMAGE

FUND PERFORMANCE

FUND NAV

INTERPRETATION

From the survey it was found that 45% people select their mutual fund

according to the fund brand image, 35% people select their fund according

to its performance and the rest were select on the basis of its NAV. It reflects

that fund brand image should be very important in selection of any mutual

fund.

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Q.6.What rate of return did you expect annually from mutual fund under 

today’s capital market scenario?

(a) 6%-10% [ ]

(b) 11%-15% [ ]

(c) 16%-20% [ ]

(d) Above 20% [ ]

MUTUAL FUND RETURNS

40%

30%

10%

20%16%-20%

ABOVE 20%

11%-15%

6%-10%

INTERPRETATION

As per the above diagram it represents that only 10% people thought that they could earn

6%-10%, 20% thought they could earn 11%-15%, 40% thought they could earn 16%-

20% and 30% thought that they could earn above 20% from the mutual fund.

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Q.7 Are mutual fund risky?

  (a) YES [ ]

(b) NO [ ]

 

70%

30%

NO

YES

INTERPRETATION

Out of total respondents 30% answered that mutual fund are not risky but

70% answered that yes mutual fund are risky because it overall depends on

the stock market which is not clearly predictable every time.

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Q.8.For how many years do you like to invest in mutual fund?

(a) 1 year [ ]

(b) 2-4 years [ ]

(c) 4-6 years [ ]

(d) Above 6 years [ ]

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Q.9. Have you ever heard about Reliance mutual fund?

(a) YES [ ]

(b) NO [ ]

RELIANCE MUTUAL FUND AWARENESS

70%

30%

NO

YES

INTERPRETATION

Out of total respondents 60% answered YES that they know about Reliance

Mutual Fund and 40% answered NO.

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Q.10.What type of return you are earning from your mutual fund?

(a) High [ ]

(b) Low [ ]

(c) Average [ ]

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CONCLUSION

Mutual Funds Should Creative Value

Mutual funds can create value in several ways,

such as by

(1) Adopting a research-driven investment strategy aimed at discovering

value and identifying the best performing companies and stocks, thereby

also putting pressure on company management’s to improve their 

 performance.

(2) Designing investment products based on a better understanding of the

investor’s needs.

(3) Providing liquidity (through open-ended schemes which are akin to

market-making service) to securities, like bonds or infrequently traded

shares, which may otherwise be liquid.

(4) Providing an easy way to investors to diversity risk.

(5) Improving the reach of investment products to small investors through

widest possible distribution networks.

(6) We should give the first priority promotional activities for awareness

of customers and it is less expensive than others.

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In order to facilitate a steady growth of the mutual fund industry, there

is also a clear responsibility on the Government, viz. to provide a

rational and stable tax environment relating to mutual funds.

LIMITATIONS

Due to the financial & time constraints the study was limited to our place

thus the conclusion arrived in the end rely in short term experience.

Being an opinion survey the personal bases of he respondents might have

entered into their responses.

Time constraints resource constraints were some of the limitations

The selected sample might have affected the results of the study therefore

the findings & conclusions of the study are only suggestive & not

conclusive.

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RECOMMENDATION

Company should have extensive advertising to attract potential

Customers.

Adequate training improves the skill of employee.

Company should put stress on market Capture

Adequate transparency in product plan and policies

Maintain proper Customer relationship

Company should publish its weekly review of internal or externalCompetitive business.

There must be proper management information system in Company.

Monthly NAV statement to provide to the customer 

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

BOOKS

Kothari C.R.: Research Methodology, New Delhi, new ageinternational (p) Ltd. 1985

Phillip Kotler: Marketing Management New Delhi TataDorling Kindersley Publishing Inc.2006

Rajan Sexena : Marketing Management New Delhi Tata McGraw Hill publishing company limited.1997

WEBSITES

www.amfindia.com

www.reliancemoney.com

www.reliancecapital.com

www.uti.com

www.mutualfundhelper.com

 

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ANNEXURE

  NAME: AGE: 

OCCUPATION: GENDER: M/F  

Q.1.Are you aware of the mutual fund?

(a) YES [ ]

(b) NO [ ]

(c) NO IDEA [ ]

Q.2. Have you ever invested in any mutual fund?

(a) YES [ ]

(b) NO [ ]

Q.2 (a) If YES,

Then how much return you are earning?

ANS……

Q.3.Which of the following investment instruments as your 1st preference?

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(a) Gold & Silver (b) Fixed Deposits (c) Stock Market

(d) Life Insurance (e) Mutual Fund (f) Real Estate

(g) Post Office, PPF, NSC etc.

Q.4.Why should you choose to invest in mutual fund?

(a) Maximum Return [ ]

(b) Tax Benefit [ ]

(c) Easy to Invest [ ]

Q.5.How can you select your mutual fund?

(a) Fund Performance [ ]

(b) Fund NAV [  ]

(c) Brand Image [ ]

Q.6.What rate of return did you expect annually from mutual fund under 

today’s capital market scenario?

(a) 6%-10% [ ]

(b) 11%-15% [ ]

(c) 16%-20% [ ]

(d) Above 20% [ ]

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Q.7 Are mutual fund risky?

  (a) YES [ ]

(b) NO [ ]

Q.8.For how many years do you like to invest in mutual fund?

(a) 1 year [ ]

(b) 2-4 years [ ]

(c) 4-6 years [ ]

(d) Above 6 years [ ]

Q.9. Have you ever heard about Reliance mutual fund?

(a) YES [ ]

(b) NO [ ]

Q.10.What type of return you are earning from your mutual fund?

(a) High [ ]

(b) Low [ ]

(c) Average [ ]

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