Relatório - Reações Químicas e Energia

7/26/2019 Relatório - Reações Químicas e Energia

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SUMÁRIO

1. INTRODUÇÃO.............................................................................................................4

1.1. OBJETIVOS.........................................................................................................4

2. REFERENCIAL TEÓRICO..........................................................................................5

3. METODOLOGIA..........................................................................................................6

4. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO...................................................................................8

5. CONCLUSÕES...........................................................................................................12

6. REFERNCIAS BIBLIOGR!FICAS.......................................................................13

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1. INTRODUÇÃO

U"# $%#&'( )*+",-# *"# /$#0($"#&'( # "#/$,# 0# )*# (-($$%" "*#0&#

)*#,/#/,# 0# -("(,&'( )*+",-# % *"# (* "#, *7/0-,# $%#9%0/%: $%*/#0(

%" *" (* "#, $(*/(. E0(% "*#0&# $%#-,(0## 0# -(0%-/,,#% %0/$% (

;/("( (* +(0: 0# 9%("%/$,# # "(-*# # %-,% $%#9%0/%. U"# $%#&'( "*,/(

-("*" # )*% %0(% *7/0-,# ,0($90,-# /#, -("(< !-,(: B#%: S#, %

Ó=,(. U"# # "*,/( */,,>## % (7%$## # $%#&'( % 0%*/$#,>#&'( (%0( %$

/(/# (* #$-,# 0( )*# %0(% *" ;-,( % *"# 7#% % ( %* $%%-/,( $(*/(

%$'( /%($,-#"%0/% *" # % *"# ;9*#.

E/% $%#/?$,( "(/$# 0# $;/,-# # $%#&@% %=(/$",-#: # %0/#,#: # #$,#&'( %

%0/#,#: # "%,# ( -#($ % *"# $%#&'(: ( /,( % -#($% % %(0/#0%,#% #

$%#&@% #," -("( %/%$",0#$ % #9*"# $%#&@% '( -#,,-## -("(

/$#0($"#&@% +,-# (* )*+",-#.

1.1 OBJETIVOS

• O7/%$ -(0%-,"%0/( $;/,-( # $%#&@% %=(/$",-#: # %0/#,#: #

#$,#&'( % %0/#,#: # "%,# ( -#($ % *"# $%#&'( % ( /,( %-#($% % %(0/#0%,#% # $%#&@%.

• D%/%$",0#$ % # $%#&@% )*% (-($$%" -(" -%$/# *7/#0-,# %-(,#

'( /$#0($"#&@% )*+",-# (* +,-#.

4



2. REFERENCIAL TEÓRICO

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-%#" #," )*% # /%"%$#/*$# % ,9*##". N'( #> %0/,( */,,>#$ ( /%$"( -#($K: #

"%0( )*% # %0%$9,# /%0# ,( /$#0%$,# %" -(0%)*0-,# % *"# ,%$%0&# %

/%"%$#/*$#. A? # #7($&'( % -#($ (* *" -($(: 0'( -($$%/( #,$"#$ )*% ( -#($

(*, "#, -#($K: % ," )*% %% (*, "#, %0%$9,#.

S%9*0( RUSSELL 14: (. 1. .823 # %0%$9,# U % *" ,/%"# (% %$

#/%$## % (, "((< %( -#($ %(* %( /$#7#(. *#0( *" ,/%"# 9#0# -#($:*# %0%$9,# #*"%0/#: % )*#0( %% %$% -#($: *# %0%$9,# ,",0*,: )*#0( 0%0*"

/$#7#( % $%#,>#(. *#0( ( /$#7#( % %,/( (7$% *" ,/%"#: *# %0%$9,# #*"%0/#: %

)*#0( *" ,/%"# $%#,># /$#7#(: *# %0%$9,# ,",0*,: 0# #*0-,# % *"#

/$#0%$0-,# % -#($. #$# )*#)*%$ /$#0($"#&'(: ( q % %,0,( -("( # )*#0/,#%

% -#($ #7($,# %( ,/%"#: % ( w % %,0,( -("( # )*#0/,#% % /$#7#(

$%#,>#( (7$% ( ,/%"# *$#0/% # /$#0($"#&'(. I/( ,90,,-# )*%: )*#0( ( q % *"

0"%$( (,/,(: ( -#($ % #7($,( %( ,/%"# # ,>,0#0&#P )*#0( ( q %

0%9#/,(: ( -#($ % %$,( %( ,/%"#. *#0( ( w % *" 0"%$( (,/,(: ( /$#7#(

% $%#,>#( (7$% ( ,/%"#P )*#0( ( w % 0%9#/,(: ,90,,-# )*% ( ,/%"# $%#,>#

/$#7#( 0# ,>,0#0&#.

3. METODOLOGIA

5

T(( %0Q"%0( )*+",-( *"# $%#&'( )*+",-#: %" *"# $%#&'( )*+",-# # %/$*/*$# % -## ;/("(

%0)*#0/( %%"%0/( )*+",-( %$"#0%-% ,0#/%$#(: (* %H#< N# $%#&'( )*+",-# ( ;/("( 0'( % /$#0($"#" %"

(*/$( ;/("(. T#"7" 0'( ; %$# ( ;/("( )*% ,0,-,#$#" # $%#&'(: 0%" -$,#&'( % ;/("( 0((. A

/$#0($"#&'( (-($$% #%0# #( 0+% % *7/0-,#: ,/( : ( ;/("( # *7/0-,# $%#9%0/% % $%#9$*#" %

*"# 0(# "#0%,$# % #," ($"#" # *7/0-,# ( $(*/(.

E% $%#9$*#"%0/( %0(% #%0# # %%/$(%$# ( ;/("(: 0*0-# #/,09% ( 0-%(. O ;/("( % -##

%%"%0/(: )*% ##$%-%" 0( $%#9%0/%: '( ( "%"( )*% ##$%-%" 0( $(*/(< ("%0/% # -("7,0#&'( %0/$% %% (,

"(,,-##. C(0/*( #$# %*>,$"( % (*% $%#&'( )*+",-# $%-,#"( (7%$#$ -%$/( %0Q"%0( #(

-((-#$"( %" -(0/#/( *# (* "#, *7/0-,#. *#0( ; ,%$%0&# %$-%/+%, % ,90,,-#/,# %0/$% ( %/#(

,0,-,# % ( %/#( ,0# ($)*% (-($$%* *"# $%#&'( )*+",-#. (+% *#$"( -$,/$,( )*#0/,/#/,( %

)*#,/#/,( #$# %/%-/#$"( %/# "*#0&#.

E% #/( (%" %$ ,%0/,,-#( -("(P ($"#&'( % $(*/( 9#((P ($"#&'( % $%-,,/#(P

"*#0&# % -($P "*#0&# % (($P /$#0%$0-,# % %0%$9,#. S%0( *" ( "#, "#$-#0/% # ($"#&'( % *"

$%-,,/#(< 9$#0*#$P -$,/#,0(P ,0#"%0/% ,,,(P -((,# /,( 9%#/,0((P -((,# ,0#"%0/% ,,,(.

Fonte: Kotez, Jonh C. Química geral e reações químicas / Jonh C. Kotz, Paul M. reichel Jr.! tra"uç#o

t$cnica Fla%ia Maron &ichi. '#o Paulo:Cen a e (earnin , )**+ %ol ), a )-), )-



3. METODOLOGIA

Mat!"a"# $t"%"&a'(#

B#/'( % ,$(

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$(%/# % ,$( 1 "LT;7*# % "#%,$#T%# % #",#0/(T%$"Q"%/$( % "%$-$,(T$,#09*( % ($-%#0#T$, % "%/#T*7( % %0#,(

V,$( % $%?9,(

C(0/# 9(/#

B##0&# %",#0#+/,-#

C*"7( "%/;,-( 7C($%/( % #"Q0,( N4C .A.

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B#O2.82O,$?=,( % ?,( .A.I(( $%*7,"#( I2I0,-#($ %0(/#%+0#L' % ,$(S(*&'( % ;-,( -($+$,-( :5

"(.L1S(*&'( % ,$?=,( % ?,( :5

"(.L1S(*&'( % ,(%/( % (/;,( :1

"(.L1

N,/$#/( % -*"7( II :1 "(.L1 $%#$## 0# #*# 4

)!(*'"+,t(#-

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3 E" %9*,# #,-,(0(*% 5 " % ,$?=,( % ?,( 0( "%"( 7)*%$.4 A /%"%$#/*$# ";=,"# (7/,# (, #0(/##.

E,ta%"a ' '"##(%$/0(

1 M%,*% 8 " % ;9*# %/,## %" *" 7)*%$ %: %" %9*,# "%,"( -("

*" /%$"Q"%/$( *# /%"%$#/*$# # )*# #$%%0/(* 22 9$#*.2 E" %9*,# #,-,(0(*% # ;9*# :359$ % N#O % #9,/#"( #$# )*% #

%0/,# % N#O % ,(%%" 0# ;9*#.

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3 A? (7%$#$"( )*% # %0/,# % N#O % ,(%$#" -("%/#"%0/% #

;9*#: -(" *" /%$"Q"%/$( "%,"( %0/'( # /%"%$#/*$# # ;9*# % (7%$#"(

)*% %/# %%(*% #$# 23C.

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E!"+,t( II- F,=(*% *"# %)*%0# $## % M#90,( %" *"# ,0&# "%/;,-#:

%#0( #( 7,-( % B*0%0: %,=#0( )*%,"#$ /(/#"%0/%.

E!"+,t( III- C((-(*% *"# %)*%0# ($&'( % -*"7( #$# #)*%-%$ #/

"*#0&# % %/#( ( %%"%0/(.

E!"+,t( IV- R%#,>#% ( #)*%-,"%0/( % /$ -$,/#, % ,(( %0/$( % *" 7)*%$ % 1 "L (7$% *"# /%# % #",#0/(: */,,>#0( -#"# 7#,=# % *" 7,-( % B*0%0. O

-(( % 7)*%$ (, -(7%$/( ($ *" ,$( % $%?9,( -(" -%$-# % 23 % %* (*"%

$%%0-,( ($ ;9*#.

E!"+,t( V- A)*%-%% *"# %)*%0# )*#0/,#% % ,-$("#/( % #"Q0,( %0/$( %

*" /*7( % %0#,(: (7 -#"# ,$%/# % *" 7,-( % B*0%0.

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A"Q0,( N4C: *# *7/0-,# ?,# %" ($"# % ? %" *" %$%0"%%$ % %"

%9*,# -((-#% %" -,"# % *"# /;7*# % "#%,$# $%,#"%0/% "(## % #9,/#% #

",/*$# -(" *" 7#/'( % ,$(.

. RESULTADO E DISCUSSÃO

E,ta%"a 'a N$t!a%"&a/0(

• D,%$%0&# % /%"%$#/*$# %0/$% # ,(*&'( % C % N#O<

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∆ t =t 2−t 1 ∆ t =24−22 ∆ t =2 °∁

• A )*#0/,#% % -#($ $(*>,# %# $%#&'( %0/$% ( C % ( N#O (,<

NaO456t7+428.*42O9+V.*V:

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6t5 ,%$%0&# % /%"%$#/*$# ( #( #0/%$,($ Y 3;C

+4285 "## # ;9*# Y 188 <

*42O5 -#($ %%-+,-( # ;9*# 5 1=88 *a%><;C

+V5 "## ( ,$( 5 ?=@1? <*V5 -#($ %%-+,-( ( ,$( 5 8=22*a%><;C

Q=(100∗1,00∗2+48,44∗0,22∗2 )

Q=200+21.52

Q=221.52 cal

QNaOH =0,22152 kcal

• E" )*,(-#($,# ($ "( -#: "(<

:25 "(! 8=2212

1 "( ∆ H

∆H =8,8608 K *a%>+(%

• ($-%0/#9%" % %$$( %=%$,"%0/#<

V#($ /%?$,-( 13:8 -#"(1Z

∆ 4 5 ?=?8?

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E,ta%"a ' '"##(%$/0(

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• D,%$%0&# % /%"%$#/*$# %" -(0%)*0-,# # ,(*&'(<

∆ t =t 2−t 1 ∆ t =23−22 ∆t =1 °∁

• O -#($ $(*>,( %# ,(*&'( ( N#O (,<

NaO456t7+428.*42O9+V.*V:

NaO45 C#($ ,7%$#( 0# ,(*&'( ( ,$?=,( % ?,(

6t5 ,%$%0&# % /%"%$#/*$# ( #( #0/%$,($ Y 1;C

+4285 "## # ;9*# Y ?8 <

*42O5 -#($ %%-+,-( # ;9*# 5 1=88 *a%><;C

+V5 "## ( ,$( 5 ?= <

*V5 -#($ %%-+,-( ( ,$( 5 8=22*a%><;C

Q=1 (80∗1,00+48,44∗0,22 )

Q=80+10,6568

Q=90.6568cal

QNaOH =0,09kcal

• E" )*,(-#($,# ($ "( -#: "(<

,$?=,( % S?,( 8=3<N#O 8=8@*a%

M "(%-*#$ ( NaO4 8< *a%>+(%5@=8 *a%>+(%

E!"+,t( I-

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)H7NO3:2 7aq: 9 2 I 7aq: )HI2 7#: 9 2 NO3 7aq:

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#>%$ *"# ,/$#&'( ,"% #$# $%/,$## ( $%-,,/#(. A/$# % *" *0, %

%#$#&'( -(" *" ,/$( % #% %,#"%0/% (7$#( % -(" *" 7)*%$ %" 7#,=( #$#

# #$/% +)*,#. A," ( $%-,,/#( I(%/( % C*"7( ,-#$,# 0( #% % ( N,/$#/( %

(/;,( ,$,# #$# ( 7)*%$.

E!"+,t( II-

O %#&( % ,/# % "#90,(: #( %$ #)*%-,( ,$%/#"%0/% 0# -#"# ( 7,-( %

B*0%0: $%#,># -("7*/'( % ,7%$# *>: /$#0($"#0(% %" O=,( % "#90,(: *"

?,( 7$#0-( %" ($"# % ?: %9*0( # $%#&'( # %9*,$<

2M<7#: 9 O27<: 2M<O7#: 9 %$&.

($ % /$#/#$ % *"# -("7*/'(: (-($$% #/%$#&'( 0# -("(,&'( )*+",-# # ,/#

% "#90,(: %* #)*%-,"%0/( -#$#-/%$,># *" %0Q"%0( )*+",-(.

E!"+,t( III-

A( #)*%-%$ ( -*"7( %0/$( ( -#,0( % ($-%#0# ( -*"7( %$$%/%:

##0( ( %/#( ?,( #$# ( +)*,(. D%# ($"#: 0'( (*% *"# /$#0($"#&'(

)*+",-#: ("%0/% ( %%"%0/( #(* ( %/#( ?,( #$# +)*,(: -(0/,/*,0( #,"

*" %0Q"%0( +,-(.

E!"+,t( IV-

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A? ( #)*%-,"%0/( ( -$,/#, % ,(( *7,$#" #/ ( ,$( % $%?9,(: (-($$%*

*" %0Q"%0( +,-(: -(" "*#0&# ( %/#( ?,( #$# ( 9#(( % #$/% ( -$,/#,

% ,((.

E!"+,t( V-

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?=,( % -$Q",( III % #($ % ;9*#. E# %)*#&'( )*+",-# ## ($<

7N4:2C!2O7#: C!2O37#: 9 N27<: 9 42O7K: 9 ,!<"a

O7%$#% )*% ( ?=,( % -$Q",( # *7/0-,# %$% % /#"7" )*% %# *"#

$%#&'( )*+",-# %=(/$",-#: %" )*% ; ,7%$#&'( % %0%$9,#.

E!"+,t( VI

A $%#&'( %0/$% ( -($%/( % #"Q0,( % ( ,$?=,( % 7;$,( (% %$ $%$%%0/##

%# %9*,0/% %)*#&'(<

Ba7O4:2 ] ? 42O 9 2 N4NO3 Ba7NO3:2 9 2 N43 9 18 42O

E# $%#&'( *" $(-%( %0(/$",-( % %(0/0%(. (%% (7%$#$ ,(:

(, ( ,/%"# $%-,(* #7($%$ %0%$9,# # ,>,0#0&# #$# )*% # $%#&'( (-($$%%: (

)*% -#*(* ( -(09%#"%0/( # ;9*#. A" ,(: #$# (-($$%$: 7#/(* )*% ( $%#9%0/%

(%" -((-#( %" -(0/#/(: ( )*% %,%0-,# *# %(0/#0%,#%.

O7%$#% /#"7" )*% #( -((-#$ 3 9(/# % %0(/#%+0# 0# (*&'( # (*&'(

,-# -(" *"# -(($#&'( $(##. I( % %% %( #/( % )*% # "#,($ #$/% ( $(*/(

%$# % *"# 7#%: # 7#% ^ %" -(0/#/( -(" ( ,0,-#($ %0(/#%+0# /%0%" #

,-#$ -(" -(($#&'( #%$"%##: H; -(" ( ;-,( _ ( ,0,-#($ /%0% # ,-#$

,0-(($.

11



. CONCLUSÃO

E" % /$#/#0( % /$#0($"#&@% +,-#: %# '( # )*% (-($$%" %" )*% %

($"%" 0(# *7/0-,#. O* %H#: # *7/0-,# -(0/,0*#" # %$ # "%"#: (%$'(

#%0# %/#$ "#, ,,# (* "*#$%" % %/#( +,-( +)*,(: 9; (* ?,(. J; 0#

/$#0($"#&@% )*+",-# (-($$% # ($"#&'( % 0(# *7/0-,#: %" )*% ; %,0-,#

(7%$;%, )*% %$",/%" -(0/#/#$ )*% (*% $%#"%0/% *"# /$#0($"#&'(. A9*0

%=%"( ($#" ,/( 0# %=%$,0-,#: -("( # ,7%$#&'( % 9;: ($"#&'( % ?,(:

($"#&'( % -#"#: ##$%-,"%0/( % *" -%,$( -#$#-/%$+/,-( % %##$%-,"%0/( #

*7/0-,# -(" )*% ($#" /$#7### ,0,-,#"%0/%.

J; (7$% ( $(-%( % ,7%$#&'( % %0%$9,#: (%% -(0-*,$ )*% # $%#&@%

%0(/$",-# (-($$%" )*#0( (7/%"( *"# #7($&'( % %0%$9,# 0# $%#&'(: -("

#*"%0/( # /%"%$#/*$# % #7($&'( % -#($. J; # %=(/$",-# #-(0/%-%" )*#0( ;

*"# %$# % -#($ #/$# # $%#&'( )*+",-#: -(" # #$,#&'( 0%9#/,# # /%"%$#/*$#.

C(" # %=%$,0-,# % ( -;-*( $%#,>#( (, (+% -(0%-%$ 7%" "#,

(7$% # /%$"()*+",-# % # *# #$,#&@% #," -("( -(0%-%$ "%($ )*#0( (-($$%*"# $%#&'( )*+",-# (* *" %0Q"%0( +,-(: -(" /(# # %, %=%$,0-,# $%#,>##.

12



. REFERNCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS

BRO`N: T%(($% L. %/ # 25: $+"*a A C",*"a C,t!a%: S'( #*(: %#$(0

%*-#/,(0 ( B$#,: a %,&'(: #9. 165:166.

(/%>: J(0 C. $+"*a <!a% !a/P# q$+"*a# J(0 C. (/>: #* M. T$%,-% J$.P

/$#*&'( /-0,-# F#,# M#$(0 V,-,. S'( #*(<C%09#9% L%#$0,09: 2 ( 2: #9

212: 213

MAIA: D#/#",$ J*/,0(P BIANCI: J(% C#$( % A>#"7*H#. $"+"*a G!a%-

F$,'a+,t(#. S'( #*(< %#$(0 $%0/,-% #: 2

RUSSELL:J(0 B. $+"*a G!a%. 2. E. S'( #*(< M#b$(0 B((b. 14

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Relatório - Reações Químicas e Energia

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