Grammar item:RELATIVE CLAUSESDefinition: relative clauses are sentences introduced in another sentence by means of a relative pronoun.

Example: My best friend, who is an engineer, lives in London.Relative pronoun

Different relative pronounsWHO refers to people and it is the subject of the relative clause.

My best friend lives in London. My best friend is an engineer.

My best friend, who is an engineer, lives in London.

refers to a person is the subject of the relative clause (my best friend)

WHOSE is usually used for people and it indicates possessionGalliano was invited for the exhibition.

His dress was made of old newspapers.

Galliano, whose dress was made of oldnewspapers, was invited for the exhibition.

(Whose can be translated by cujo,cuja, cujos, cujas)

WHICH is a pronoun used for things and animals. Big Ben can be found in the Houses of Parliament.Big Ben is a famous clock. It is the subject of the relative sentence

replaces an object

Big Ben, which is a famous clock, can be found in the Houses of Parliament.

Where/ When

used when referring used for timeto places

Florence, where you can find 1998, when Saramago many statues, won the Nobel Prize, was is a beautiful Italian city. also the year Expo 98 opened.

THAT always restrictive. Used for people, animals or thingsThe students who/ that had a negative mark will have another test. It selects information at all times It is never used with commas It never selects. It is always used with commas. THAT is never used.

The students, who had a negative mark, will have another test.

EXERCISEShttp://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/pronouns/relative_pronouns.htmhttp://www.vivquarry.com/wkshts/relative1q.htmlhttp://www.ompersonal.com.ar/omexercise/clausulasrelativas/unit29.htmhttp://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/relative-clauseshttp://www.edufind.com/English/Grammar/REL2.CFMhttp://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/645/01/http://wwwedu.ge.ch/cptic/prospective/projets/anglais/exercises/relpron2.htm