Relationships Among OrganismsBiology EOCT Review

Habitats and Niches Habitat: the place where an organism

lives (WHERE) Forest is a common habitat for squirrels Many species of organisms can share the

same habitat The resources (food, water, and shelter)

that a habitat provides can be divided into different niches.

Niche: an organism’s role in its community; include what it eats, where it is in the food change, where it feeds (HOW)

Habitats and Niches

Symbiosis Symbiosis is an

interdependent relationship between organisms of two different species. The three types of symbiosis are: mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism. Mutualism: symbiotic

relationship where both species benefit Example: Sea anemones

(+) and clownfish (+)

Symbiosis Commensalism: a

symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits and the other neither benefits nor is harmed Example: Remora (+) and

sharks (0) Parasitism: a symbiotic

relationship in which one organism benefits and the other organism is harmed Example: tapeworms (+)

and dogs (-)

Predation Predation: an

interaction in which one organism kills and eats another Predator/prey

relationship cause population cycles

The organism that gets the food is the predator

The organism that is killed and eaten is called the prey

Competition

Competition: is an interaction in which two or more organisms try to use the same resources Competition can occur within species

(intraspecific competition) or between different species (interspecific competition)