Regional Tourism in Southern Africa Transfrontier Conservation Areas Consolidation & Industry...
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Transcript of Regional Tourism in Southern Africa Transfrontier Conservation Areas Consolidation & Industry...
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Regional Tourism in Southern Africa
Transfrontier Conservation Areas Consolidation & Industry Diversification
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Structure
Part I Regional TourismPart II Trans Frontier Conservation
Areas
Non RSA perspective
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Wouter Schalken
Industry backgroundCommunal tourismGovernmentEnterprises(Protected) area tourism planningProjectsHR
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1.Regionalisation of Tourism
o Multi-destination itineraries o Tourism industry in generating markets sources
regional products to reduce costs. o Increasing levels of multi-country ownership of
tour operators and site-specific enterprises.o Transfrontier conservation areas function as
(proposed) tourism hubs.o Regional conservation programmes prescribe
tourism development objectives (compare RETOSA).
o Increased regional mobility of residents.
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Regional Tourism
o Visitor Movement
o Market Structureo Industry Characteristicso Enabling Environment
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Visitor Movement
o Visitors from the regiono Surplus/Shortfallo Seasonal
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Market Structure
Embryonic Marketso low/extremely low visitor numbers o non-existent or poorly resourced tourism
support structures o lack of, or even a negative, destination imageo post conflict states (DRC and Angola)o local districts, provinces, municipal areas and
regions
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Market Structure.
Adolescent (growth) marketso growth in tourism arrival numberso growth in number of enterprises and capacities.
o small tourism countries: Mauritius, Seychelleso dependent destinations: Swaziland, Lesothoo new destinations: Madagascar, Malawi,
Tanzania, Zambia
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Market Structure..
Mature destinations o long track record of positive tourism
development in arrival numbers o diversified product portfolioo diversified source markets o effective support structures
South Africa, Namibia and Botswana
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Market Structure...
RestartZimbabwe holds a unique position in the region as it used to be a well-established, flourishing tourism destination.
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Industry Characteristics
o Equal Playerso Up-scaling from a position of
strength (market)o Regional resource access for
national benefitso Employmento Financial movementso Multi-destination travel
controlled for 87% by RSA
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Enabling Environment
o MoU <> Agreementso Regulations (employment)o Capacities o Mandate & Controlo Reflection of market situation (visa)
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Regionalising Tourism
o Growth Potential (finite attractions)o Stakeholder control (tourism)o Capacities Controlledo Equal players (markets)o Accesso Benefit
o Build on Strength <> Hiding Weaknesso Compete with national policy/strategy
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Control
o Psychological Level – perceived experienceo Augmented Level – added valueo Formal Level – destination facilitieso Physical Level – resource base (USP)o Core Level – educate, relax, status
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2. TFCA
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TFCA
o High Profileo Multi-donoro RSA involvement
o T for Tourism is missingo Level of control
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TFCA <> Tourism Market
Inequity in TFCA Linkages
o Mature <> Embryonico Mature <> Dependent
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TFCA > Upscaling Challenges
o Local benefitso Industry Controlo Limited diversity/ PAo Different Levels of Developmento Industry value determines the resource
value
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TFCA > Upscaling Challenges.
o High-end = My end/Low end = Your endo CBT initiatives to compensate for lack of
local demando Limits of wildlife tourism to create local
tourism demando Limiting national appeal (crafts)
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Tourism Value of TFCA
o Clearly defined areao Stakeholderso Internationalo Conservation & Tourism
o Control > elements of regional tourism
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FY=xk+1 x ∑(xk + y / (xk)n-1) / 2
Solution
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Way Forward
Use TFCA as controlled tourism development initiative?
[1] Market adaptation[2] Market selection[3] Industry diversification[4] Regulatory environment strengthening[5] Mandate clarification
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Fanta or Coke?