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Transcript of Refrigeration&Air Conditioning
8/8/2019 Refrigeration&Air Conditioning
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[1]Nation
alInstitute
ofSci en
ce&
Tec
hno
logy
Technical Seminar Presentation - 2004
Presented By : Manmatha Kumar Giri
Technical Seminar Technical Seminar onon
Refrigeration & Air ConditioningRefrigeration & Air Conditioning
Presented by
Manmatha Kumar Giri
EE200113363
Under the Guidance of
Mr. Debashisha Jena
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[2]Nation
alInstitute
ofSci en
ce&
Tec
hno
logy
Technical Seminar Presentation - 2004
Presented By : Manmatha Kumar Giri
INTRODUCTION• The electrical energy is utilized by
converting it into one form or other for
getting suitable output from it.
• The utilization electrical energy for the
refrigeration and air conditioning is fast
replacing the old methods.
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[3]Nation
alInstitute
ofSci en
ce&
Tec
hno
logy
Technical Seminar Presentation - 2004
Presented By : Manmatha Kumar Giri
WHAT IS REFRIGERATION &
AIR CONDITIONING ?• The process of reducing the temperature of a body
from the general level of temperature of surroundings
is called refrigeration.• Air-conditioning means control of
temperature,humidity,purity and movement of air.
• The working conditions and comfort for human
beings is improved by air-conditioning.• The temperature is brought down during summer and
increased during winter without causing any discount.
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[4]Nation
alInstitute
ofSci en
ce&
Tec
hno
logy
Technical Seminar Presentation - 2004
Presented By : Manmatha Kumar Giri
REFRIGERATOR
• This is the machine by which the
temperature of substances is lowered bystoring them in this machine.
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[5]Nation
alInst
itute
ofSci en
ce&
Tec
hno
logy
Technical Seminar Presentation - 2004
Presented By : Manmatha Kumar Giri
PRINCIPLE
• A refrigerator works onthe principle of coolingcaused by evaporation.
• when we dip our finger in petrol or spirit,and thefinger is taken outcooling is felt. This is
because when petrol or
spirit evaporates it drawsheat from the finger thuscooling it.
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[6]Nation
alInst
itute
ofSci en
ce&
Tec
hno
logy
Technical Seminar Presentation - 2004
Presented By : Manmatha Kumar Giri
REFRIGERANT
• The refrigerant is generally a gas which
circulated through different stages to extractthe heat from the substances.
• The various refrigerants used are carbon
dioxide(CO2),sulphur
dioxide(SO2),ammonia(NH3),Freon(F-12)
and methyl chloride etc.
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alInst
itute
ofSci en
ce&
Tec
hno
logy
Technical Seminar Presentation - 2004
Presented By : Manmatha Kumar Giri
VAPOUR COMPRESSION CYCLE• The main purpose of vapour
compression cycle is to removeheat from the refrigerant by
putting it into a stage for reuse.• The various stages are
1.compression
2.condension
3.expansion
4.evaporation
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alInst
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ofSci en
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Tec
hno
logy
Technical Seminar Presentation - 2004
Presented By : Manmatha Kumar Giri
APPLICATION• The vapour compression refrigeration cycle is
employed for the following purposes
– Domestic refrigerator,
– Water cooler,
– Air conditioner,
– Ice plant,
– cold storage etc.
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alInst
itute
ofSci en
ce&
Tec
hno
logy
Technical Seminar Presentation - 2004
Presented By : Manmatha Kumar Giri
DOMESTIC REFRIGERATOR • The actual lay out of domestic refrigerator
is shown in figure below.
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alInst
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Tec
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logy
Technical Seminar Presentation - 2004
Presented By : Manmatha Kumar Giri
ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT OF
REFRIGERATOR • The main parts of the electrical
circuit are shown in figure
below• The various parts are
1. motor compressor unit
2. starting relay
3. thermostat4. overload protector
5. cabinet light
6. drier assembly.
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Tec
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logy
Technical Seminar Presentation - 2004
Presented By : Manmatha Kumar Giri
MOTOR COMPERESSOR UNIT• The motor is a single phase capacitor start
motor.
• The actual capacity of the motor depends uponthe size of the refrigerator.
• But generally the horsepower of motors varies
from 7/32 H.P. to 1/8 H.P.• Mostly the motor and compressor are in one unitand is known a sealed unit.
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alInst
itute
ofSci en
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Tec
hno
logy
Technical Seminar Presentation - 2004
Presented By : Manmatha Kumar Giri
STARTING RELAY
• The motor is operated by this relay which isalso called motor
protective relay.• It essentially consists
of a plunger on whicha coil is wound .
• The figure belowshows thearrangement:
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alInst
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ofSci en
ce&
Tec
hno
logy
Technical Seminar Presentation - 2004
Presented By : Manmatha Kumar Giri
THRMOSTAT• A thermostatic switch
is used on all thehousehold refrigerators
by which thetemperature iscontrolled, and it iscalled thermostat.
• The construction of a
thermostat used in arefrigerator is shown infigure below:
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Nation
alInst
itute
ofSci en
ce&
Tec
hno
logy
Technical Seminar Presentation - 2004
Presented By : Manmatha Kumar Giri
OVERLOAD PROTECTOR • This is a thermal device which opens the
circuit of the motor when overloaded and
is called overload protector.• The figure below shows the enlarged view
of a overload protector.
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Nation
alInst
itute
ofSci en
ce&
Tec
hno
logy
Technical Seminar Presentation - 2004
Presented By : Manmatha Kumar Giri
CABINET LIGHT
• This circuit contains a lamp and a switch.
• The switch is called door switch and soinstalled that when the door is closed,the
bulb remains off.
• When the door is opened, the bulb remainson.
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Nation
alInst
itute
ofSci en
ce&
Tec
hno
logy
Technical Seminar Presentation - 2004
Presented By : Manmatha Kumar Giri
DRIER ASSEMBLY
• This assembly is not employed on all the
domestic refrigerators.• This is a high resistance wire passing
around the drier to remove the moisture
from the refrigerator.• This is connected across the supply by the
thermostat.
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Nation
alInst
itute
ofSci en
ce&
Tec
hno
logy
Technical Seminar Presentation - 2004
Presented By : Manmatha Kumar Giri
AIR-CONDITIONER • The room air conditioner is used to condition the
air of a particular space occupied by the human
beings i.e. office, room etc.• It has automatic operation to control and maintain
the humidity of air.
• There are two parts divided by a partition with a
small opening at the top as
1.outdoor part
2.indoor part
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Nation
alInst
itute
ofSci en
ce&
Tec
hno
logy
Technical Seminar Presentation - 2004
Presented By : Manmatha Kumar Giri
AIR-CONDITIONER • The complete operation of
an air conditioner can be
studied under these sub
headings-
1.vapour compression cycle
2.air circulation
3.electrical circuit
• The figure below shows a
room air conditioner
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Nation
alInst
itute
ofSci en
ce&
Tec
hno
logy
Technical Seminar Presentation - 2004
Presented By : Manmatha Kumar Giri
CONCLUSION• The electrical energy is utilised by converting it into
one form or the other form for getting suitable
output from it.• The utilization of electrical energy for the
refrigeration and air conditioning is fast replacingthe old methods.
• Refrigeration and Air Conditioning has become anecessity in every sphere of human utility andindustrial set-ups.