REFERENCING GUIDE: SBL STYLE - Tabor Online · REFERENCING GUIDE: SBL STYLE Page 3 PART 1: FORMAT,...

REFERENCING GUIDE: SBL STYLE

Ministry, Theology and Culture

This document has been prepared as an introductory guide only and in all cases further inquiry needs to be made directly to the following (available from the Tabor Adelaide library):

The SBL Handbook of Style: For Biblical Studies and Related Disciplines. 3rd ed. Atlanta: SBL Press, 2014.

Revised May, 2019


Table of Contents

PART 1: Format, Style and General Questions ............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 3

PART 2: SBL Referencing Examples: Footnotes and Bibliography ............................................................................................................................................................................... 7

Books ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7

Journal Articles ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10

Newspaper Articles ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 11

Internet/Websites ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 11

Lectures Notes, Tabor Adelaide Texts and Other Personal Sources ..................................................................................................................................................................... 12

Audio-Visual and Other Non-Book, Non-Journal Media ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 13

Miscellaneous Sources ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 16

Example of In-Text Citations and Footnotes ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 18

Example of Bibliography ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 19

Appendix 1 – Abbreviations for Books of the Bible ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 21


PART 1: FORMAT, STYLE AND GENERAL QUESTIONS

What is SBL? SBL stands for the Society of Biblical Literature and its publication manual is the standard for the writing and referencing style in Religious Studies faculties in many universities and colleges across the world.

SBL Style SBL uses footnotes and a bibliography to reference material in your work. Each of these is explained below.

Why use footnotes and how are they formatted?

Footnotes provide immediate access to the source of information or expand on a piece of information in the text. Your word processing package will have the facility to produce footnotes. See Part 2 for formatting. In the footnotes, the first time a particular book, journal article or other source is referenced it is always written in full. With subsequent reference to that particular source it is abbreviated. Example of footnotes: 1 Eric Law, Inclusion: Making Room for Grace (St Louis, MO: Chalice Press, 2000), 27. 6 Law, Inclusion, 30. 7 Law, Inclusion, 32-37. In Part 2 examples of a first and also a subsequent footnote have been given.

How do I format a bibliography? Begin the entry at the left margin and use double spacing. Indent second and subsequent lines (hanging indent). List entries alphabetically by the first letter of the reference (usually the author’s surname, but sometimes a title if author is unknown). If there is more than one book for an author then list in date order.

What needs to be included in the footnotes and bibliography?

All sources of quotations and information that you have used in your writing needs to be acknowledged formally. This includes paraphrased information where you have reworded the idea from a source, so it is not directly quoted, but the concept has been adopted from the source.

What is not included in the

footnotes and bibliography?

Ideas of your own or ideas that are considered common knowledge in the field of study do not need to be referenced. Quotations from the Bible are not included in the footnotes or bibliography but are acknowledged in an in-text citation.

Citing names in footnotes and in the bibliography

Wherever possible state a person’s first name or the name they are best known by in full and use initials for other names. Examples: John C. Jones, or F. Susan Miller. Some people are simply known by their initials and use them in authorship, so in this case use only the initials. If you can’t find the first name in all searches, then the initial is acceptable.

What is plagiarism? Plagiarism is the use of other people’s work without appropriate acknowledgement. This guide explains how to acknowledge sources used in your writing using SBL style. Plagiarism is a serious offence with serious consequences (see current Tabor Adelaide Student Handbook under Academic Misconduct).


What changes are there to SBL style for the Australian context?

Very few changes are necessary, except for: • Australian spelling in all but quotations from American text or titles. • Addition of Australian states to the place of publication if the state is not obvious. For example, there is no need to add

the state after Melbourne, but it would be sensible for Millswood, SA. For texts from other countries follow a similar principle. For example Boston and London stand alone, but Cheltenham, UK and Grand Rapids, MI would be sensible.

• For Australian spelling and contemporary usage you may also consult The Macquarie Dictionary, 6th ed., Sydney: Macquarie Dictionary Publishers, 2013; and for editing conventions consult the Style Manual for Authors, Editors and Printers, 6th ed., rev. by Snooks & Co., Milton, QLD: John Wiley & Sons, 2002.

Adapting to SBL style The referencing for the section Audio-Visual and Other Non-Book, Non-Journal Media has been adapted to fit the SBL style as they are not included in the handbook. What are the best sources for my

assignments?

This will vary according to the task, so be guided by your lecturer. As a general rule, textbooks and articles from professional journals are most highly valued. These may be either print or electronic versions. The wide range of sources represented in this guide may be used for different purposes, most often with a core of relevant books and journal articles. Popular texts, websites, and personal communication are more often illustrative of points that are supported by more solid research, rather than being regarded as authoritative sources on their own.

How many references should be used?

This will vary with the subject and type of assignment. As a general rule, for undergraduate work not less than five substantial, relevant texts should be included. For postgraduate, significantly more. Check with your lecturer for specific requirements.

When should page numbers be used?

When available, page numbers should always be included in the footnote attached to a direct quotation. Paragraph numbers or headings may be used where no page numbers are available. Page numbers may be used for paraphrased ideas (where you have rewritten an idea in your own words, but drawn heavily on a specific part of your source text). Page numbers are not needed where your paraphrase draws upon multiple parts of a source text or describes the gist of an entire text.

What is the purpose of an appendix (plural, appendices)?

Appendices are for relevant supplementary material not appropriate for inclusion in the body of the text, such as interview questions, a table or other data used for analysis, or essential background information. Appendices are usually brief. If more than

one, they should be labelled Appendix A, Appendix B, etc. Appendices are attached AFTER the bibliography. Sources cited in

appendices are referenced in the same way as the body of the text, by using footnotes and the bibliography. Reference to the appendices can be made in the body of the text. For example: (see Appendix) or (see Appendix B). Appendices do not need to be double spaced.

What is a secondary source and how do you cite it?

A secondary source is one cited in the text of another author. For example, in an article by Williams, written in 2009, there is reference to the work of Clay, who wrote in 2001. If you use the information from Clay, this should be referenced as a secondary source. For higher levels of academic study, it is preferable to go to the original source to ensure that you understand the context of the original work.


How do I reference a work if no author is provided?

If available, use the organisation‘s name as author. Use double quotation marks if you are referring to the title of an article.

How do I cite an article or chapter in a Tabor Adelaide book of readings or uploaded online on the subject webpage?

A course reader is made up of different types of sources. Cite each reading according to the source.

What is a DOI and how is it referenced?

A Digital Object Identifier (DOI) is a unique and permanent name assigned to an individual electronic work and should be provided in the reference where it is available. This alphanumeric string is usually located on the first page of the article. If no DOI is available, provide the URL information in the reference. See Part 2 for details of how to reference.

What font and spacing is used for assignments?

The font and size are not specified, but a simple clear font, size 12, would normally be used for assignments. Double spacing is required for normal text, but may be altered for tables or other specialised formats. Your bibliography should be double spaced, set out as in this guide, with the first line at the margin, and second and subsequent lines of each entry indented by approximately one centimetre. Footnotes should be single spaced.

Are paragraphs indented? Yes. Indent paragraphs by one tab space and do not leave more than the standard double spacing between paragraphs.

In an assignment, how much direct quotation can I use?

At Tabor the general rule is that up to 10% of an assignment may consist of direct quotation. Quotes are usually included in the total word count, but consult your lecturer if in doubt.

How should I format quotations? Quotations of less than 5 lines should be integrated into the paragraph, enclosed by double quotation marks, and followed by a footnote. The full stop (or other punctuation) is placed within the quotation marks. Quotations of 5 lines or more should be formatted as a block (next item).

What is a block quote? Any quotation of 5 lines or more should be formatted as a block: no quotation marks; single spaced; whole block indented and left aligned; and same size font as the body of the text. Citation as for other quotations.

What is included/not included in the word count?

The bibliography, footnotes, appendices, words on maps, graphs, or inserted tables are NOT included in the word count. Normally an automatic count from the first word of the first paragraph to the last word of the final paragraph would be taken as sufficiently accurate. How do you cite the Bible and

other classic works?

It is not necessary to list the Bible or the Qur’an or other classical religious works in the footnotes or bibliography. However, in the first citation indicate the version you used. For example: The researchers consulted the Bible (KJV) to provide items for the

development of their religious values assessment. Example of a direct quote: The Bible enumerates these virtues: “And now these

three remain: faith, hope and love. But the greatest of these is love” (1-Cor 13:1 NIV) or The Qur’an 5:3 specifies some dietary restrictions, such as forbidding Muslims to eat “the flesh of swine.” Books without chapters should be spelled out. Examples: First Corinthians has a lot to teach us. The passage, 1-Cor 5:6, is considered crucial. See Appendix 1 for how to abbreviate books of the Bible and page 122 of The SBL Handbook of Style for how to abbreviate versions of the Bible. If you are using more than one translation, you must also indicate the version in subsequent citations.


How do I use nouns referring to God or the Trinity?

Nouns traditionally used as alternative names for God or the persons of the Trinity are capitalised. For example: Father God, Lamb of God, Lord of Lords, Messiah, or Word. Less often used names can be lower case. For example: bread of life or light of the world. Pronouns referring to God, such as “he”, should not be capitalised.

Can I use acronyms in place of full names of organisations?

The full name of the organisation should be used the first time it is mentioned in-text, in the footnotes, and also in the bibliography.

Usually the acronym is inserted in brackets after the first mention in-text, if it is to be used in subsequent discussion. The acronym may be used in subsequent citations. For example: The World Council of Churches (WCC) has released a report on mission. Further discussion of the WCC report was undertaken.

How do I cite foreign words? Foreign words and phrases are typically italicised. Example: the chapter focused on missio Dei.


PART 2: SBL REFERENCING EXAMPLES: FOOTNOTES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY

NOTE: The following guide is formatted with SINGLE SPACING, font size 11 to save space (and paper in printed editions). For your assignments please use DOUBLE SPACING and font size 12 for the body of the text and the bibliography, and size 10 for the footnotes. Examples of subsequent abbreviated footnotes have been given where appropriate as the last entry in each footnote example.

BOOKS

MATERIAL TYPE FOOTNOTE EXAMPLE BIBLIOGRAPHY EXAMPLE Book with single author 1 Hugh Mackay, Advance Australia Where?

Why We’ve Changed, How We’ve Changed and What Will Happen Next (Sydney: Hachette Australia, 2007), 24. Subsequent footnotes: 4 Mackay, Advance Australia Where?, 28. 5 Mackay, Advance Australia Where?, 57.

Mackay, Hugh. Advance Australia Where? Why We’ve Changed, How We’ve Changed and What Will Happen Next. Sydney: Hachette Australia, 2007.

Book with two or three authors 2 Mark L. Branson and Juan F. Martinez, Churches,

Culture and Leadership: A Practical Theology of Congregations and Ethnicities (Downers Grove, IL: IVP Academic, 2011), 424-428. 3 Julie Perfect and Steve Perfect, Ministry and Married Life (Las Vegas: Bliss Books, 2000), 75-95. 7 Perfect and Perfect, Ministry and Married Life, 80.

Branson, Mark L., and Juan F. Martinez. Churches, Culture and Leadership: A Practical Theology of Congregations and Ethnicities. Downers Grove, IL: IVP Academic, 2011.

Perfect, Julie, and Steve Perfect. Ministry and Married Life. Las Vegas: Bliss Books, 2000.

Book with four or more authors 5 Bernard B. Scott et al., Reading New Testament Greek (Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 1993), 22-32. 9 Scott et al., Reading New Testament Greek, 30.

Scott, Bernard B., Margaret Dean, Kristen Sparks, and Frances LaZar. Reading New Testament Greek. Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 1993.

Book with no author 13 The Book Society, Style Manual for Busy People

(Unley, SA: ABC Press, 2006), 108-110. OR

14 The Macquarie Dictionary, 6th ed. (Sydney: Macquarie Dictionary Publishers, 2013). 17 The Macquarie Dictionary.

The Book Society. Style Manual for Busy People. Unley, SA: ABC Press, 2006.

OR The Macquarie Dictionary. 6th ed. Sydney: Macquarie

Dictionary Publishers, 2013.


Multiple works by same author, published in different years

4 Michael Green, Evangelism in the Early Church (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1970), 94-99. 8 Michael Green, Evangelism Through the Local Church (London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1990), 2-6. 10 Green, Evangelism Through the Local Church, 3. 11 Green, Evangelism Through the Local Church, 5.

Green, Michael. Evangelism in the Early Church. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1970.

----. Evangelism Through the Local Church. London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1990.

Multiple works by same author, published in same year

3 Penny South, What Ministers Need to Know About Grace (Melbourne: ACE Press, 2009a), 14. 7 Penny South, What Ministers Need to Know About Peace (Melbourne: ACE Press, 2009b), 6-9.

South, Penny. What Ministers Need to Know About Grace. Melbourne: ACE Press, 2009a.

----. What Ministers Need to Know About Peace. Melbourne: ACE Press, 2009b.

A translated book 10 Wilhemena Schmidt, An Introduction to the Old Testament, tans. Peter Orr (Sydney: Better Books, 1994), 36-40. 13 Schmidt, Introduction to the Old Testament, 39.

Schmidt, Wilhemena. An Introduction to the Old Testament. Translated by Peter Orr. Sydney: Better Books, 1994.

Book with one editor

3 Moises M. Silva, ed., Foundations of Contemporary Interpretation (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1996), 2-7.

Silva, Moises M., ed. Foundations of Contemporary Interpretation. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1996.

Book with two or three editors 2 Wendy C. Hall and Steve B. Smith, eds., Church Growth in Europe (London: Pilgrim Press, 2007), 5. 6 Hall and Smith, Church Growth, 7.

Hall, Wendy C., and Steve B. Smith, eds. Church Growth in Europe. London: Pilgrim Press, 2007.

Book with four or more editors 3 John Green et al., eds., Understanding Noah (Millswood, SA: Hoorah Books, 2015), 33-55. 7 Green et al., Understanding Noah, 40-45.

Green, John, Mary White, Julie Black, and Mark Rainbow, eds. Understanding Noah. Millswood, SA: Hoorah Books, 2015.

Book with both author and editor/s 6 Robyn Hood, Giving in Churches: An Analysis, ed. John Little and Sue Sherriff (Nottingham, UK: Sherwood Press, 1990), 45-47. 8 Hood, Giving in Churches, 46.

Hood, Robyn. Giving in Churches: An Analysis. Edited by John Little and Sue Sherriff. Nottingham, UK: Sherwood Press, 1990.

Article in an edited volume 7 Harold Marsh, “A Very Short History of Judaism,” in Potted World Religions, ed. Sue Happy (Adelaide: Optimistic Books, 2014), 35. 10 Marsh, “A Very Short History”, 36.

Marsh, Harold. “A Very Short History of Judaism.” Pages 34-36 in Potted World Religions. Edited by Sue Happy. Adelaide: Optimistic Books, 2014.

http://www.wtsbooks.com/product-exec/product_id/2013/nm/Foundations_of_Contemporary_Interpretation_Six_Volumes_in_One_Hardcover_





Book with more than one publisher 4 Joe Bloggs, How to Love Study: A Guide (London: Born Books; Brighton, SA: Academic Press, 2010), 24-25.

Bloggs, Joe. How to Love Study: A Guide. London: Born Books; Brighton, SA: Academic Press, 2010.

Book with editions 3 Bruce Findlay, How to Write Psychology Research Reports and Essays, 4th ed. (Frenchs Forest, NSW: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2006), 99-108. OR 4 Joseph Blenkinsopp, A History of Prophesy in Israel, rev and enl. ed. (Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox, 1996), 22-24.

Findlay, Bruce. How to Write Psychology Research Reports and Essays. 4th ed. Frenchs Forest, NSW: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2006.

OR Blenkinsopp, Joseph. A History of Prophesy in Israel. Rev and

enl. ed. Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox, 1996.

Book with volume numbers 2 Mark Ellingsen, The Late First Century to the Eve

of the Reformation, vol. 1 of Reclaiming Our Roost: An Inclusive Introduction to Church History (Harrisburg, PA: Trinity Press International, 1999),

22-32.

Ellingsen, Mark. The Late First Century to the Eve of the Reformation. Vol. 1 of Reclaiming Our Roost: An Inclusive Introduction to Church History. Harrisburg, PA: Trinity Press

International, 1999.

Book on Kindle or a similar digital format 3 Malcolm Gladwell, Outliers: The Story of Success (New York: Little, Brown and Co, 2008), Kindle edition.

Gladwell, Malcolm. Outliers: The Story of Success. New York: Little, Brown and Co. 2008. Kindle edition.

E-book with no DOI assigned; downloaded from internet but NOT Kindle or a similar format

1. 6 Stephen Kaufman, The Akkadian Influences on Aramaic, AS 19 (Chicago: The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, 1974), http://oi.uchicago.edu/ pdf/as19.pdf.

2. 8 Kaufman, The Akkadian Influences.

Kaufman, Stephen. The Akkadian Influences on Aramaic. AS 19. Chicago: The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, 1974. http://oi.uchicago.edu/pdf/as19.pdf.

E-book with DOI assigned 1 Ann E. Killebrew and Margaret Steiner, eds., The Oxford Handbook of the Archaeology of the Levant: c. 8000-332 BCE (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014), doi: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199212972.001.0001. 7 Killebrew and Steiner, Archaeology of the Levant.

Killebrew, Ann E., and Margaret Steiner, eds. The Oxford Handbook of the Archaeology of the Levant: c. 8000-332 BCE. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014. doi: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199212972.001.0001.


JOURNAL ARTICLES

MATERIAL TYPE FOOTNOTE EXAMPLE BIBLIOGRAPHY EXAMPLE Journal article with single author 2 Suzie Smith, “Qualities of Cross-Cultural Workers,”

Journal of Happy Missionaries 23 (2001): 34-36. 4 Smith, “Cross-Cultural Workers,” 35.

Smith, Suzie. “Qualities of Cross-Cultural Workers.” Journal of Happy Missionaries 23 (2001): 34-40.

It is not necessary to include the issue number if the journal

volume is paginated consecutively (i.e. each issue of the same volume does not start again at page 1 but continues on from the

previous issue).

Journal article with two or three authors 5 Jenny C. Cross, Joe Huff, and Peter Peeved, “How to Curb Your Temper,” Journal of Anger Management 3 (1999): 78.

Cross, Jenny C., Joe Huff, and Peter Peeved. “How to Curb Your Temper.” Journal of Anger Management 3 (1999): 77-89.

Journal article with four or more authors 7 Vanessa Chong et al., “Observations of International Students,” Education Monthly 11 (1956): 30.

Chong, Vanessa, Tim O’Hare, Omar Khan, and Neelam Laif. “Observations of International Students.” Education Monthly 11 (1956): 3-34.

Journal article with no author 6 “The Pain of Being a Caffeine Freak,” New Scientist 172 (2001): 27.

“The Pain of Being a Caffeine Freak.” New Scientist 172 (2001): 27.

Online journal article with DOI assigned 2 Richard Klimoski and Susan Palmer, “The ADA and the Hiring Process in Organizations,” Consulting Psychology Journal: Practice and Research 45 (1993): 10-36, doi: 10.1037/1061-4087.45.2.10. 6 Klimoski and Palmer, “The Hiring Process.”

Klimoski, Richard, and Susan Palmer. “The ADA and the Hiring Process in Organizations.” Consulting Psychology Journal: Practice and Research 45 (1993): 10-36. doi: 10.1037/1061-4087.45.2.10.

Online journal article with no DOI assigned 12 Tamra Sillick, “Emotional Intelligence and Self-Esteem Mediate Between Perceived Early Parental Love and Adult Happiness,” E-Journal of Applied Psychology 2 (2006): 38–48, http://ojs.lib.swin.edu.au/index.php/ejap. 14 Sillick, “Emotional Intelligence.”

Sillick, Tamra. “Emotional Intelligence and Self-Esteem Mediate Between Perceived Early Parental Love and Adult Happiness.” E-Journal of Applied Psychology 2 (2006): 38-48. http://ojs.lib.swin.edu.au/ index.php/ejap.

Online journal article with no page numbers

6 Jack Williams, “The Victims of Crime,” Sociology Review 17. 4 (2008), http://magazines.philipallan.co.uk/ Magazines/ Sociology-Review.aspx.

Williams, Jack. “The Victims of Crime.” Sociology Review 17.4 (2008).http://magazines.philipallan.co.uk/ Magazines/Sociology-Review.aspx.

http://ojs.lib.swin.edu.au/index.php/



http://magazines.philipallan.co.uk/%20Magazines/%20Sociology-

http://magazines.philipallan.co.uk/%20Magazines/%20Sociology-

http://magazines.philipallan.co.uk/%20Magazines/Sociology-

http://magazines.philipallan.co.uk/%20Magazines/Sociology-


NEWSPAPER ARTICLES

NEWSPAPER ARTICLES FOOTNOTE EXAMPLE REFERENCE LIST EXAMPLE Newspaper article in print 7 Ann Other, “Theological Education the Key to a

Longer Life,” The Daily Planet, January 6, 2013.), 14. 11 Other, “Theological Education.” 14.

Other, Ann. “Theological Education the Key to a Longer Life.” The Daily Planet, January 6, 2013.

Newspaper article from a website 10 Rick Morton, “The Heat Goes On … and On,” The

Australian, January 7, 2013),

http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/nation/the-heat-goes-on-and-on/story-e6frg6nf-22654852677. 13 Morton, “The Heat Goes On.”

Morton, Rick. “The Heat Goes On … and On.” The Australian

January 7, 2013. http://www.theaustralian. com.au/news/nation/the-heat-goes-on-and-on/story-e6frg6nf-1226548526778.

Newspaper article without author 9 “Saving Power Can Kill,” The Advertiser, January 7, 2013), 14. 11 “Saving Power Can Kill,” 14.

“Saving Power Can Kill.” The Advertiser, January 7, 2013.

INTERNET

M ATERIAL TYPE FOOTNOTE EXAMPLE BIBLIOGRAPHY EXAMPLE Web document 4 “The One Hundred Most Important Cuneiform

Objects,” http://cdli.ox.ac.uk/wiki/doku.php?id= the_one_hundred_most_important_cuneiform_ objects. 7 “Important Cuneiform Objects.”

“The One Hundred Most Important Cuneiform Objects.” http://cdli.ox.ac.uk/wiki/doku.php?id=the_one_hundred_ most_important_cuneiform_objects.

Blog 9 Mark Goodacre, “Jesus’ Wife Fragment: Another Round-Up,” NT Blog, 9 May 2014, http://ntweblog. blogspot.com. 15 Goodacre, “Jesus’ Wife Fragment.”

Not listed in bibliography.

http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/nation/


LECTURE NOTES AND OTHER PERSONAL SOURCES

MATERIAL TYPE FOOTNOTE EXAMPLE BIBLIOGRAPHY EXAMPLE Printed/online lecture notes 6 David Turnbull, “Evangelism” (lecture, Tabor,

Adelaide, SA, April 30, 2010). 10 Turnbull, “Evangelism.”

Turnbull, David. “Evangelism.” Lecture, Tabor, Adelaide, SA, April 30, 2010.

Lecture at Tabor Adelaide 8 Aaron Chalmers, TM5121 Introduction to the Old Testament (Lecture 7, 2013). 10 Chalmers, TM5121 Introduction to the Old Testament.


Personal communication, interviews, emails and letters

4 Jenny Spinner, email message to author, September 2, 2014. 7 Spinner, email. 9 Ali Khan, interview by Alia Souk, May 3, 2010. (If the transcript is publically available, these details can be included)



AUDIO-VISUAL AND OTHER NON-BOOK, NON-JOURNAL MEDIA

MATERIAL TYPE FOOTNOTE EXAMPLE BIBLIOGRAPHY EXAMPLE DVD/Motion Picture 4 “Crop Duster Attack,” North by Northwest, directed

by Alfred Hitchcock (1959; Burbank CA: Warner Home Video, 2000), DVD. 6 ”Crop Duster Attack.”

Hitchcock, Alfred, dir. “Crop Duster Attack.” In North by Northwest. 1959; Burbank CA: Warner Home Video, 2000. DVD.

Television broadcast 7 60 Minutes, produced by Rob Anderson and Clive Morgan, aired June 20, 2008, on Channel 9. 9 60 Minutes.

Anderson, Rob and Clive Morgan, pro. 60 Minutes. Aired June 20, 2008 on Channel 9.

Motion picture 5 Martin Scorsese, producer and Kenneth Lonergan, writer/director, You Can Count on Me (Los Angeles: Paramount Pictures, 2000), Motion picture. 8 Scorsese and Lonergan, You Can Count on Me.


Music recording 4 New York Trumpet Ensemble, with Edward Carroll (trumpet) and Edward Brewer (organ), Art of the Trumpet, recorded at the Madeira Festival, June 1–2, 1981, compact disc. 7 New York Trumpet Ensemble.

New York Trumpet Ensemble, with Edward Carroll (trumpet) and Edward Brewer (organ). Art of the Trumpet. Recorded at the Madeira Festival, June 1–2, 1981. Compact disc.


Music track from an album/Spotify 2 “Umbrella,” featuring Jay-Z, Spotify, track 1 on Rihanna, Good Girl Gone Bad, Island Def Jam, 2007. 5 ”Umbrella.”

Rhianna. “Umbrella.” Featuring Jay-Z. Spotify. Track 1 on Rihanna, Good Girl Gone Bad, Island Def Jam, 2007.

Podcast 6 Mike Danforth and Ian Chillag, “F-Bombs, Chicken, and Exclamation Points,” April 21, 2015, in How to Do Everything, produced by Gillian Donovan, podcast, MP3 audio, 18:46, http://www.npr.org/podcasts/510303/how-to-do-everything. 9 Danforth and Chillag, “Exclamation Points.”

Danforth, Mike and Ian Chillag. “F-Bombs, Chicken, and Exclamation Points.” April 21, 2015. In How to Do Everything. Produced by Gillian Donovan. Podcast, MP3 audio, 18:46. http://www.npr.org/podcasts/510303/how-to-do-everything.

Video clip (Youtube) 6 “Lang Lang: The Chopin Album,” interview by Jeff Spurgeon, October 15, 2012, video, 54:47, https://youtu.be/1d8xv1HHKtI.

“Lang Lang: The Chopin Album.” Interview by Jeff Spurgeon. October 15, 2012. Video, 54:47. https://youtu.be/1d8xv1HHKtI.


Online or streaming video 3 Tom Zubrycki, producer and director and Jimmy Chi, writer, Bran Nue Dae: A Musical Journey (2009), http://www.kanopystreaming.com, video recording.


Image in a book 1 My Car Poem in A Passion for Poetry, written and illustrated by Mandy Tunica (Newtown, NSW: PETA, 2005, 117, image. 5 My Car Poem.


Image online 1 Human Skeleton, http://www. teachpe.com/images/anatomy/skeleton.jpg, 2011, image. 2 Saudi Arabia,http://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/asia/ sa.htm, 2009, topographic map. 3 David Tunbridge, Volunteers of the ACT Bushfire Service Lighting a Back-Burn on the Mount Franklin Road, Brindabella Ranges, on the Night of 11/12 January 2003, http://nla.gov.au/ nla.pic-an24954626, online image. 6 Saudi Arabia. 9 Tunbridge, Volunteers of the ACT Bushfire Service.


http://www.kanopystreaming.com/

http://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/asia/

http://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/asia/

http://nla.gov.au/


MISCELLANEOUS SOURCES

MATERIAL TYPE FOOTNOTE EXAMPLE BIBLIOGRAPHY EXAMPLE Annual report of an organization 4 World Vision Australia, ”Annual Report,” released

2012, http://www.worldvision.com.au /aboutus/ AnnualReportsAndReviews.aspx. 6 World Vision Australia, “Annual Report.”

World Vision Australia. ”Annual Report.”http://www.worldvision.com.au/aboutus/ Annual ReportsAndReviews.aspx.

Paper presented at a conference 7 Susan Niditch, “Oral Culture and Written Documents” (paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the New England Region of the SBL, Worcester, MA, 25 March 1994), 13-17. 9 Niditch, “Oral Culture,” 13.

Niditch, Susan. “Oral Culture and Written Documents.” Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the New England Region of the SBL. Worcester, MA, 25 March 1994.

Conference proceedings published 7 Ros Wilkinson, “The Sociology of Religion,” in Sociology ForThis Age, ed. Jack Fourtree and Sue Fifer, paper presented at The Australian Triennial Sociology Conference, Monash University, Melbourne, 24-26 December (Churchill, VIC: Celts Press, 1999) 7-9. 10 Wilkinson, “The Sociology of Religion” (Fourtree and Fifer), 8.

Wilkinson, Ros. “The Sociology of Religion.” Pages 2-10 in Sociology For This Age. Edited by Jack Fourtree and Sue Fifer. Paper presented at The Australian Triennial Sociology Conference. Monash University, Melbourne, 24-26 December. Churchill, VIC: Celts Press, 1999.

Conference proceedings unpublished 3 Vic Gidley, “Working Together to Make the Dream a Reality,” paper presented at the ATSIM Indigenous Health Conference, Wahroonga, NSW, 11-13 October 2000. 6 Gidley, “Working Together.”

Gidley, Vic. “Working Together to Make the Dream a Reality.” Paper presented at the ATSIM Indigenous Health Conference. Wahroonga, NSW, 11-13 October 2000.

Thesis published 2 Geoff D. Arnott. Working in Aged Care and Disability Services: An Introduction (Croydon, VIC: Tertiary Press, 2005), 34.

Arnott, Geoff D. Working in Aged Care and Disability Services: An Introduction. Croydon, VIC: Tertiary Press, 2005.

http://www.worldvision.com.au/aboutus/

http://www.worldvision.com.au/aboutus/


Thesis unpublished 4 David Wescombe-Down, “Working With Gifted and Twice-Exceptional Undergraduate and Postgraduate Education Students in Australia” (PhD diss. Curtin University, 2013), 32-33. 7 Wescombe-Down, “Education Students in Australia,” 45.

Wescombe-Down, David. “Working With Gifted and Twice-Exceptional Undergraduate and Postgraduate Education Students in Australia.” PhD diss. Curtin University, 2013.


EXAMPLE OF FOOTNOTES

This guide is designed to help you understand how to format your essays and reference your work in order to avoid the dangers of plagiarism.1 It

also explains the SBL referencing system.2 Some of the basic rules are that you use a short quote like this: Smith observes that “it is often hard to

help others fit in.”3 Or if you wish to use a longer quote it is blocked. According to Law, inclusion is the ultimate aim:

Inclusion is a discipline of extending our boundary to take into consideration another’s needs, interests, experience, and perspective, which will

lead to clearer understanding of ourselves and others, fuller description of the issues at hand, and possibly a newly negotiated boundary of the

community to which we belong.4

As you can see, footnotes are used to help clarify a point or to reference your work so not only do you avoid plagiarism, you allow those who read

your work to look further at the research you have highlighted. As a rule, all references in your footnotes should also be included in the

bibliography, see this guide for exceptions.

1 Plagiarism is the practice of taking someone else’s work or ideas and passing them off as your own. 2 SBL stands for the Society of Biblical Literature and its publication manual is the standard for the writing and referencing style in Religious Studies faculties in many universities and

colleges across the world. 3 Joan Smith, “Helping Everybody to Belong,” Journal of the Masses 6 (2013): 34-36. 4 Eric Law, Inclusion: Making Room for Grace (St Louis, MO: Chalice Press, 2000), 67.


NOTE THAT THE BIBLIOGRAPHY IS ON A NEW PAGE

EXAMPLE OF A BIBLIOGRAPHY

Booker, Mike, and Mark Ireland. Evangelism - Which Way Now? An Evaluation of Alpha, Emmaus, Cell Church and Other Contemporary Strategies for Evangelism.

London: Church House, 2003.

Brueggemann, Walter. Biblical Perspectives on Evangelism: Living in a Three-Storied Universe. Nashville: Abingdon Press, 1993.

Chapman, John. Know and Tell the Gospel. Rev. ed. Sydney: Hodder and Stoughton, 1984.

-----. Setting Hearts on Fire. Kingsford, NSW: Matthias Media, 1999.

Chester, Tim. Good News to the Poor: Sharing the Gospel Through Social Involvement. Leicester, UK: IVP, 2004.

Hall, Wendy C., and Steve B. Smith, eds. Church Growth in Europe. London: Pilgrim Press, 2007.

Hybels, Bill. Just Walk across the Room: Simple Steps Pointing People to Faith. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan Publishing House, 2006.

Hybels, Bill, and Mark Mittelberg. Becoming a Contagious Christian. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan Publishing House, 1994.

Kaufman, Stephen. The Akkadian Influences on Aramaic. AS 19. Chicago: The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, 1974. http://oi.uchicago.edu/pdf/

as19.pdf.

Killebrew, Ann E., and Margaret Steiner, eds. The Oxford Handbook of the Archaeology of the Levant: c. 8000-332 BCE. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014. doi:

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199212972.001.0001.

Law, Eric. Inclusion: Making Room for Grace. St Louis, MO: Chalice Press, 2000.


Marsh, Harold. “A Very Short History of Judaism.” Pages 34-36 in Potted World Religions. Edited by Sue Happy. Adelaide: Optimistic Books, 2014.

Scott, Bernard B., Margaret Dean, Kristen Sparks, and Frances LaZar. Reading New Testament Greek. Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 1993.

Smith, Joan. “Helping Everybody to Belong.” Journal of the Masses 6 (2013): 34-36.

Sillick, Tamra. “Emotional Intelligence and Self-Esteem Mediate Between Perceived Early Parental Love and Adult Happiness.” E-Journal of Applied Psychology 2 (2006):

38-48. http://ojs.lib.swin.edu.au/index.php/ejap.

The Macquarie Dictionary. 6th ed. Sydney: Macquarie Dictionary Publishers, 2013.



APPENDIX 1 – ABBREVIATIONS FOR BOOKS OF THE BIBLE

OT - Old Testament

Gen - Genesis

Exod - Exodus

Lev - Leviticus

Num - Numbers

Deut - Deuteronomy

Josh - Joshua

Judg - Judges

Ruth - Ruth

1-2 Sam - 1-2 Samuel

1-2 Kgs - 1-2 Kings

1-2 Chr - 1-2 Chronicles

Ezra - Ezra

Neh - Nehemiah

Esth - Esther

Job - Job

Ps/Pss - Psalms

Prov - Proverbs

Eccl - Ecclesiastes

Song - Song of Solomon

Isa - Isaiah

Jer - Jeremiah

Lam - Lamentations

Ezek - Ezekiel

Dan - Daniel

Hos - Hosea

Joel - Joel

Amos - Amos

Obad - Obadiah

Jonah - Jonah

Mic - Micah

Nah - Nahum

Hab - Habakkuk

Zeph - Zephaniah

Hag - Haggai

Zech - Zechariah

Mal - Malachi

NT - New Testament

Matt - Matthew

Mark - Mark

Luke - Luke

John - John

Acts - Acts

Rom - Romans

1-2 Cor - 1-2 Corinthians

Gal - Galatians

Eph - Ephesians

Phil - Philippians

Col - Colossians

1-2 Thess - 1-2 Thessalonians

1-2 Tim - 1-2 Timothy

Titus - Titus

Phlm - Philemon

Heb - Hebrews

Jas - James

1-2 Pet - 1-2 Peter

1-2-3 John - 1-2-3 John

Jude - Jude

Rev - Revelation

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