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General Index

abnormal testschemistry, 232morphology, 226–231, Fig. 13.2pollution as cause, 226–230

abrasion, in taphonomy, 285–286, 292Acadian fauna/province, 99–100adenosine triphosphate, see ATPAdriatic Sea, 204, Table 12.2advection, water, 5, 119, 120, 245agamont, 48, 49, 51, 52, 54, 55, Fig. 3.14Alabama, 150Alaska, 100, 102, 152, 154Aleutian fauna/prov ince, 98, 100alkali metals, 276alkalinity, 127, 131, 134, 171, 247, 260, 269,

284–285, 287, 290ALSCAL, 83alternation of generations, 4, 37, 48–49, 51, 54,

Table 3.1Amazon Shelf, 156amino acid racemization, dat ing technique, 286, 287anaerobic, 162, 163, 166, 172, 178, 184, 201, 211, 231analysis of variance (ANOVA) , 85angular data, 72anlage, 45, 46, 47, 232, Fig. 3.10anoxia/anoxic, 43, 142, 154, 163, 164, 166, 167, 171,

176, 178, 183, 196, 198, 201–214, 215, 216,Fig. 10.2, Tables 12.1, 12.2

AntarcticBottom Water (AABW), 5, 186

fauna/province, 94, 100seas, 45, 83, 94, 98, 100, 109, 154, 184, 186, 209,

210, 269anthropogenic effects, 137–139, 184, 201, 204, 215,

276, 287, Table 12.2; see also pollutionant i t rop ical i ty, 117apogamic, 51, 52, Table 3.1apparent oxygen utilization, 253aquaculture, 204

foraminiferal response, 220–222Arabian Sea, 212, 247, Table 12.2aragonite, 4, 15, 17, 19, 22, 32, 33, 58, 59, 65–67,

138, 248, 253, 255, 262, 265, 267, 274, 286aragonitic wall, see wall , aragoniticArctic

fauna/province, 94, 97, 98, 100, Fig. 6.3Ocean, 94, 97, 98, 100, 111, 154, 184

Argentina, 153Atlant ic

Northern Inner Shelf fauna/province, 98, 100,Figs. 6.3, 6.4

Northern Outer Shelf and Slope fauna/province,100, Figs. 6.3, 6.4

Ocean, 5, 94, 97, 98, 100, 102, 109, 111, 116, 117,118, 119, 120, 121, 129, 132, 134, 139, 143,153–154, 155, 182, 183, 186, 188, 192, 195, 218,239, 260, 267, 269, 274, 294, Figs. 11.2, 11.3

Southern Shelf fauna/province, 99, 100, Figs. 6.3,6.4

atmospheric 252

354 GENERAL INDEX

atmospheric vapor, 243–244, Fig. 14.3ATP, 39, 125, 207, 209Australia, 134, 135, 136, 139, 156, 158autogamous, 53, 54

bacteria, 6, 39, 40, 42, 43, 126, 132, 136, 162, 163,168, 172, 174, 177, 178, 1 8 1 , 185, 195, 198, 203,207, 210, 217, 221, 225, 231, Fig. 12.5,Table 12.2

bacterial mat/film, 6, 132, 168–169, 203, 207Bahamas, 98, 135, 158Baja California, Table 12.2Baltic Sea, 150barium, 267–269, Figs. 15.1, 15.3, Table 15.1Belau, 130, 133, 135Berger-Heath bioturbation model, see bioturbation,

Berger-Heath (box) modelBermuda, 94bilamellar wall, see wall, bilamellarbinary fission, 51, 52, Table 3.1biodiffusion, 282bioerosion, 285, 286, 292biogeographic province, 5, 6, 96, 153–154biogeography, 93–102, 103–122, Figs. 6.1–6.4, 7.3,

7.4, 7.6bioturbation, 164, 171, 172, 174, 178, 209, 281–285,

287, 288, 289, 290, 292, 295, 297analytical versus numerical models, 295–296Berger-Heath (box) model, 282–284, 293, 294, 295Guinasso-Schink model, 282, 288, 295pore-water chemistry, 284–285, 292size-selective feeding, 284

bipolarity, 117birds, transport by, 152–153Black Sea, 108, 152, 218, 223, 226, 231, Fig. 9.5boron, 273, Fig. 15.1, Table 15.1Brazil, 148, 150, 153, 156, 157British Columbia, 146budding, 51, 52, Table 3.1

and plants, 252cadmium, 259, 260, 266–267, Figs. 15.1–15.3,

Table 15.1calcification, 44, 45–48, 58, 59, 67, 124, 126–129,

134, 135, 137, 139, 176, 177, 228, 230, 231, 232,234, 247, 248, 253, 254, 256, 257, 260–261, 262,270, 276

calcitedissolution, 33, 104, 106, 129, 137, 186, 215, 221,

226, 267, 269, 285–286, 287, 289, 292–295gametogenic, 247high-Mg, 19, 22, 27, 33, 58, 131, 134, Fig. 2.8

incorporation of trace elements, 261–264spicules, 15, 19, 22, 28, 33, 57–58, Figs. 2.9, 4.1

calcium, 259, 261–262, Fig. 15.1, Table 15.1California, 149

borderland basins, Table 12.2cont inental slope, Table 12.2

Californian fauna/province, 98, Fig. 6.3Cambrian, 3, 33, 37Canada, 146, 149, 154, 156, 184, 221canal system, 32, 61, 63, 64, 65, 131, 132, 133, Figs.

4.6, 4.11, 4.15Cape Hatteras, faunal boundary, 153–154carbon cycle, see global carbon cyclecarbon isotopes, 6, 164 –165, 176–177, 239, 241–242,

248–255, 257, Figs. 14.4–14.6, Tables 14.1, 14.3disequilibrium, 253–254fract ionat ion, 253–255global shifts, 252–253gradients, 249–252

carbon–14 dating, see radiocarbon datingcarbonate ion concentration, 247–248, 255carbonate production, 123, 129, 138Carboniferous, 33Caribbean Sea, 5, 94, 97, 98, 105, 129, 130, 131, 132,

133, 134–135, 136, 155, 156, 157, 218, Table 8.1carnivory, 39, 42, 44Carolinian fauna/prov ince, 99, Fig. 6.3Caspian Sea, 218, 223catalase, Fig. 12.5Cenozoic, 102, 108, 114, 115, 116–117, 121, 259centers of origin, 100–102Challenger expedition/report, 5, 10, 94chamber formation/construction, 45–48, 57–70,

Figs. 3.10, 4.1–4.17chamber wall, see wallChesapeake Bay, 149, 158, 204China, 134chloroplast, 43, 45, 123, 139, 210–211, Figs. 8.2, 12.5classification, 7–36, Figs. 2.1–2.11, Tables 2.1–2.3

by Brady, 10by Carpenter et al., 10by Cushman, 1 1 – 1 4by d'Orbigny, 7, 10, 18by Galloway, 11by Haynes, Table 2.2by Jones, 10by Lee, Table 2.2by Lister, 10by Loeblich and Tappan, 14, 15–19, Fig. 2.7,

Table 2.2by Rauzer-Chernousova and Fursenko, 15by Reiss, 15

GENERAL INDEX

by Reuss, 10revised (Loeblich and Tappan), 16–33, Figs. 2.8,

2.9, Table 2.2clathrates, 248, 258cluster analysis (CA), 74–77, 80, 96, 97, Fig. 5.1

atmospheric, 252metabolic, 246, 254, 255

coal and fuel ash pollut ion, foram in iferal response,225

coastal marsh, see salt marshcoccolithophorids, 284coefficient, 76, 77, 84, 85cold-water benth ic faunas, 94, Figs. 6.1, 6.2Colombia, 148communal i t ies, 80compaction of sediments, 295, 296competition, 172–174, 197Connecticut, 147conservative elements, 260–261copper, 276, Fig. 15 .1, Table 15.1coral reefs, 133, 138, 139, 156–157Cortez fauna/prov ince, 98Cretaceous, 17, 19, 27, 32, 33, 102, 114, 121currents, effect on latitudinal provinces, 112, 119cyst, 39, 40, 42, 45, 46, 47, 209cytology, effect of pollut ion, 230–231, 232–234

gradients, 249–252data transformat ion, types of, Table 5.1deconvolution, sedimentary signals, 295–296deep-water age, 251–252deform i ty, pollut ion as cause, see abnormal tests,

pollut ion as a causedendrogram, 74, 76, 77, Fig. 5.1deposit feeding, 39, 42depth distribution/zonation, 4, 97, 100, 109–111,

114, 130, 131–135, 153–155, 156, 157, 183, 185,196, 247, 255

diatom, 40, 42, 43, 44, 123, 124, 130, 134, 142, 171,223, 225

dimorphism, 4, 48, 51, 54, 55, Table 3.1; see alsoalternation of generations

dinoflagellates, 123, 136–137, Figs. 8.2, 8.3diploid, 48, 51d iscr im inant funct ion analys is (DFA), 83–84, 192,

Figs. 5.7, 11.6, Table 5.4dispersal, 100–102, 117, 134, 152–153, 157, 158dissolved organic carbon (DOC), 39, 43Drammensfjord, Table 12.2dredging, foram in iferal response, 225–226dvsaerobic, 202

dysoxia/dysoxic, 171, 177, 178, 202–209, 211–216,Fig. 10.2, Tables 12.1, 12.2

East African fauna/province, 94East Ind ian fauna/province, 94ecotone, p lankton ic , 119Ecuador, 148eigenvalue, 77, 78, 79, 82, Table 5.2eigenvector, 77–82, 83Elphidium-Ammonia association, 155El Salvador, Table 12.2encystment, see cystendemism, 5, 96, 114, Fig. 7.6endoplasmic reticulum, 211, Fig . 12 .5English Channel, 154–155Eocene, 33, 59, 138, 296epifluorescence microscopy, 207, Fig. 12.4estuaries and lagoons, 138, 148–153, 183, 212, 214,

218, 219, 221, 223, 224, 226, 228euclidean distance, 76, 77, 83euphotic/photic zone, 39, 42, 43, 45, 108, 109, 110,

124, 130, 132, 133, 161, 181, 182, 197, 211, 293eutroph icat ion, 138, 201, 204, 216, 221evaporation, 242–243, Fig. 14.2ext inct ion, 33, 103, 114, 115, 116, 118, 121, 122, 172,

217, 234, 282–283, 287, 296, 297

355

f rat io, 182factor analysis (FA), 74, 77, 80–82facul tat ive anaerobes, 164, 207–209fer t i l izat ion, 48, 51, 53, 54, Table 3.1filopodia, 38first appearance da tum ( F A D ) , 284Florida, 94, 98, 135, 138, 139, 148, 158, 186, 296fluoride, 272–273, Fig. 15.1, Table 15.1food supp ly , benth ic foraminifers, 1 7 1 – 1 7 2 ,

196–197, Fig. 10.9food vacuole , 39, Figs. 3.4, 3.7food web/chain, 129, 181, 230foraminal plate, 63–65, Fig. 4.12foram in iferal assemblages in sediment, temporal

resolution, 281–298, Figs. 16.1–16.6foram in iferal preservation and temporal resolution

carbonate sediments, 285–286, 294deep sea, 282, 284, 288, 289, 290, 292–295, 296,

297marshes, 287–290, 296, Fig. 16.5shelf and slope, 290–292, 297t idal flats, 286–287

foram in iferal response to pollut ion, see pollut ion,foram in i fera l response

fractals, 296; see also rescaled-range ana lys is

GENERAL INDEX356

France, 222fresh-water Foraminifera, 153Frierfjord, Table 12.2

gamele, 19, 23, 44, 48, 51, 52–53, 54, 55, 247,Table 3.1

amoeboid, 19, 23, 52, 53, 54, Table 3.1biflagellated, 19, 23, 48, 52, 53, 54, Fig. 3.15,

Table 3.1triflagellated, 52, 53, Table 3.1

gametogamous, 48, 52, 53, Table 3.1gamic, 51, 52, Table 3.1gamont, 48, 49, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, Fig. 3.14,

Table 3.1gamontogamous, 53, 54, Table 3.1gas-hydrates, 248gene flow and planklonic biogeography, 113, 116,

117, 119genotypes, biogeography of, 119Georgia, 72, 87, 145, 146, 147, 155global carbon cycle, 248–249, Figs. 14.4, 14.6global change, 116, 137–139, 287, Fig. 8.5glycolysis, 211glycosaminoglycans, 45, 128Grand Banks, 87, 100granular wall, see wall, granulargranuloreticulopodia, 18, 37; see also reticulopodiagrazing, 39, 40, 43Great Barrier Reef, 156Greece, 222green algae, 123, 134–135, 138growth, 45–48Guinasso-Schink bioturbation model, see

bioturbation, Guinasso-Schink modelGulf of Aqaba, 129–130, 132, 133, 136, 156, 157Gulf of California, 83, 287, Table 12.2Gulf of Maine, 192Gulf of Mexico, 82, 97, 98, 100, 146, 151, 155, 156,

158, 186, 196, 197, 204, 214, 216, 218, 284, 290,Figs. 6.3, 6.4, 12.6, Table 12.2

hydrocarbon seeps. Table 12.2Inner Shelf fauna/province, 98, 100, Figs. 6.3, 6.4Outer Shelf and Slope fauna/province, 100, Figs.

6.3, 6.4Gulf of Trieste, 155

haploid, 49, 51Hawaii , 152heavy metal pollution, foraminiferal response,

223–225heteroscedasticity, 85heterothalamy, 55

historical factors, 94, 1 0 3 – 1 0 4 , 1 0 6 , 1 1 0 , 1 1 3 – 1 1 7 ,120–121

Hudson River estuary, 151hydrocarbon pollution, foraminiferal response,

222–223

hydrocarbon seep/vent, 6, 203, Fig. 12.6, Table 12.2hydrogen sulfide, 152, 161, 203, 207, 209, 210, 211,

215, 223, 231, Fig. 12.3hydrogenosome, 211hydrothermal vent, 6hypersaline environments, 106, 135, 151, 158hypoxic, 202

ice volume, 239, 244–245imperforate wall, see wall, imperforateInd ia, 151, 223, 225Ind ian Ocean, 94, 109–118, 132, 133, 136, 156, 158,

183, 186, 198, 218, 239, 270, 293Indo-Pacific area, 94, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134,

135, 136, 156, Table 8.1inner cont inental shelves, 5, 98, 100, 110, 153–156,

Figs. 6.3, 6.4inner organic l in ing ( I O L ) , 45, 46, Fig. 3.11instar, 62inter locular spaces, 61–63, Figs. 4.7, 4.8Ireland, 94iron, 276, Fig. 15 .1, Table 15.1isotope fract ionat ion, 241, 242; see also under

carbon isotopes and oxygen isotopesisotope strat igraphy, 239, Fig. 14.1Israel, 129–130, 132, 133, 136, 156, 157, 184, 221,

225Ita ly , 151, 155, 175, 216, 224, 228i terat ive evolut ion, 114, 115, 1 2 1

Japan, 153, 156, Table 12.2Jurassic, 19, 32, 66, 117

Kendall’s horseshoe, 78Kr ig ing, 72, 88, 89

lagoons, see estuaries and lagoonslamellar wall , see wal l , lamellarlarger foram in ifers, 42, 43, 123, 129–136,137–139,

156, 158, Figs. 8.1, 8.4, 8.5, Table 8.1last appearance datum ( L A D ) , 284life cycle, 38, 48–55, Fig. 3.14, Table 3.1l ife position, 40, 168–169, 207, Fig. 12.4linear regression, 83lithium, 273, Fig. 15.1, Table 15.1loadings, 77, 78, 79, 80, 83, 86Louisiana, 146, 150, 222, 290, Table 12.2

GENERAL INDEX 357

Lus i tan ian fauna/province, 94lysocline, 104, 267, 269, 292, 294

macrofaunal province, 98–99Madang Lagoon, 212, 214magnesium, 259, 260, 270–272, Figs. 15.1, 15.4,

Table 15.1Maine, 102, 143, 146, Fig. 9.3manganese, 260, 275, Fig. 15.1, Table 15.1mangrove swamps, 148, Fig. 9.1marginal marine environments, 141–159, Figs.

9.1–9.6, Table 9.1marsh, see salt marshMassachusetts, 143–145, 146mating types, 54McMurdo Sound, 154, Table 12.2Mediterranean

fauna/province, 94Sea, 38, 94, 107, 108, 152, 155, 157, 171, 178, 186,

218, 221, 224, 226, 256megalospheric test, 48, 51, 54, Table 3.1meiosis, 48–49, 51, 52, 54metabolic 246, 254, 255metabolic rate, 246, 254Mexico, 151microaerophiles, 202, 211, 214microelectrode, 207, Fig. 12.3microhabitat, 5, 6, 37, 43, 145, 146–148, 161–179,

192, 196, 197, 198, 204–207, 253, 256, 257, 292,295, Figs. 10.1–10.9

microoxic, 202microspheric test, 48, 51, 54, Table 3.1microtubules, 38, 39microxia/microxic, 163, 171, 177, 178, 201–209,

211–216, Tables 12.1, 12.2Miocene, 33, 102, 116, 134, 186, 252, 288Mississippi River delta, 138, 186, 290mitochondria, 39, 45, 70, 211, 214, 225, 233,

Fig. 12.5mixotrophic nutr i t ion, 129monocrystalline wall, see wall , monocrystallinemonolamellar test, 45, 46monolamellar wall, see wall, monolamellarMonte Carlo technique, 77Monterey Formation, 252Moorea, 212morphogenesis, 45–48morphogroup/morphotype, 6, 117, 119, 121,

174–176, 190–192, 196, 215morphological deformities, d istr ibut ion, 226–230multicollinearity, 85multidimensional scaling (MDS), 74, 82–83, Fig. 5.6multiple broods, 52

neodymium, 274–275, Fig. 15.1, Table 15.1isotopes, 274–275

Neogene, 102, 114, 116New York Bight, 204New Zealand, 148, 149, 152, 156, 185, Fig. 9.4nitrate, 163, 172, 182, 251, Fig. 10.8non-lamellar wall, see wall, non-lamellarNorth Atlant ic Deep Water ( N A D W ) , 5, 186, 266,

269North Sea, 155, 207, 222Norway, 186, 196, 204, 215, 224, 228, Fig. 12.6,

Table 12.2Nova Scotia, 149, Table 12.2Nova Scolian fauna/province, 100nuclear dimorphism, 51, 54, Table 3.1nutr ients, 43, 106, 108, 110, 117, 120, 124–126, 129,

130, 137–138, 142, 156, 203, 204, 216, 221, 222,223, 225, 231, 252, 257, 259, 260, 265–269

Okinawa, 130, 134Oligocene, 59, 274, 288, 296OMZ, see Oxygen M in imum Zoneontogeny, 11, 109, 111, 246, 255, 256opportunism, response to pollution, 226ordinary least squares (OLS), 85Ordovidan, 33Oregon, 83Oregonian fauna/province, 98, Fig. 6.3organic carbon supply, 181–182organic matter, 2, 5, 40, 43, 57, 124, 128, 129, 134,

161, 162, 163, 171, 172, 176, 177, 178, 179, 181,182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 188, 192, 194, 195, 196,197, 198, 219, 220, 231, 233, 248, 249, 250, 252,254, 264, 284, 286, 287, 290, 292, 293

degradation, 40, 162–163, 172, 178, 188flux to the seafloor, 163, 178, 182–183, 192–193

seasonally, 192–193labile, 5, 163, 171, 172, 178, 182, 183, 184, 185,

190, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 290organic median layer, 59Orinoco-Paria shelf, 204Oslo Fjord, Fig. 12.6oxic, 152, 162, 163, 164, 166, 174, 177, 178, 179, 196,

202, 203, 215, 290, Fig. 10.2, Tables 12 .1, 12.2oxidation, in sediment, 184, 285, 287, 289, 292, 293oxygen

bottom water, 5, 43, 45, 171, 177–179, 185, 186,190, 201–204

isotopes, 6, 239–248, 259, 262, 288, Figs.14.1–14.3, Tables 14.1, 14.2

d isequ i l ibr ium, 246fractionation, 241, 242, 243, 245–248

358 GENERAL INDEX

Oxygen M in imum Zone (OMZ), 5, 190, 202–203,212, 215, 254, Figs. 12.2, 12.6, Table 12.2

Pacific Ocean, 94, 97, 98, 109, 1 1 1 , 117, 118, 129,130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 136, 139, 155, 156, 158,182, 183, 186, 188, 190, 198, 218, 239, 260, 267,269, 274, 294, 295, Fig. 11.3, Table 8.1

Pacific Rim, 146, Table 9.1paleoceanography, 6, 114, 130, 164–165, 176,

177–179, 185, 216, 239, 242, 256, 259, 260, 266,270, 275–276, 292

Paleogene, 33, 79, 114, 131Paleozoic, 33, 48, 157Panama Isthmus, 117, 118Panamanian fauna/province, 94, 98, Fig. 6.3Papua New Guinea, 158, 212parallel evolution, 15parasitism, 39, 42–43particle reactive elements, 261Patagonia, 155patchiness of distribution, 114, 118, 120, 146, 153,

196pathogenesis, 230–231Pearson’s correlation coefficient, 76, 77peduncle, 38Permian, 67, 114peroxisome, 211, Fig. 12.5Persian Gulf, 158Peru-Chile Trench, Table 12.2pesticides, foraminiferal response, 225pH, 218, 222, 223, 248, 253, 262, 264, 269, 273phosphate, 108, 109, 185, 186, 251, 259. 260, 266photic levels, 108, 109, 110, 117, 221, 226photic zone, see euphotic/photic zonephotosynthesis, 44–45, 123, 124–126, 128, 129, 135,

137, 139, 248, 249, 254–255, Fig. 14.4phytodetritus, 5, 39, 42, 172, 177, 179, 183, 195, 197,

198phytodetritus feeders, 172, 179planktonic/benthic (P/B) ratio, 188–190planktonic foraminifers, 3, 6, 10, 15, 19, 22, 23, 37,

42, 43, 44, 46, 47, 48, 52, 65, 70, 103–122, 123,129, 136–137, 139, 188, 221, 239, 245, 246, 247,253, 256, 257, 264, 266, 267, 269, 270, 272, 273,276, 290, 292, 293, 294, 295, Figs. 2.5, 2.8,7.1–7.4, 7.6

abundance, 104, 105, 106, 108–109biogeography, 103–122, Figs. 7.3, 7.4, 7.6diversity gradient, 103, 1 1 1 – 1 1 7 , 121genetic isolation, 114, 116, 118–119, 120

plasmotomy, 52, Table 3.1plastogamy, 52, 53

Pleistocene, 102, 117, 239, 286, 287Pliocene, 116, 117, 118, 134Po Delta, 216polar ord inat ion, 87, 88pollut ion, 6, 183–185, 215, 217–231, Figs. 13.1, 13.2,

Table 13.1effect on test texture, 230foram in iferal response, 220–232, Fig. 13.2research strategies for foram in iferal studies,

218–220study locations, 218

ponticuli, 61, 65, Fig. 4.8pore ( tes t ) , 45, 46, 48, 55, Figs, 3 .11, 3.12, 3.16

format ion of, 58, 59, 69–70size, 107–108. 214, Fig. 7.1

pore water (sediment), 5, 126, 143, 146, 169, 171,176, 177, 178, 183, 186, 196, 207, 210, 246, 248,261, 267, 275, 281–285, 292, 297

postoxic, 202, 209, Table 12.1predation, 172–174pressure, see water pressureprimary organic l in ing, 46principal components analysis (PCA), 74, 77, 78–80,

Figs. 5.2–5.5, 11.3, Tables 5.2, 5.3productivity, 5, 108, 109, 110, 113, 120, 141, 142,

165, 176, 178, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188,189, 190, 192, 193, 196, 197, 198, 199, 203, 220,222, 249–252, 266, 290, 292, 295, Figs. 11.4,11 .5

proloculus, 48, 52, 54, 55pseudopodia, 4, 7, 18, 37, 38–39, 40, 42, 45, 46, 47,

70, 132, 137, 156, 211 , 214, Figs. 2.2, 3.1–3.3,3.6

pseudopores, 70Puerto Rico, 148pulp and paper-mill pollution, foraminiferal

response, 222pycnocline, 107, 110, 117, 120pyrite, 290pyritization, as response to pollution, 231

Q-mode, 74, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 82, 83, 86, 87

R-mode, 74, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 82, 87racemization, amino acid dat ing technique, 286, 287radial wall, see wall, radialradioactive waste, foraminiferal response, 225radiocarbon dating, 286, 292, 293, 294, 296rare earth elements, 276recurrent group analysis, 87red algae, 123, 135Red Sea, 94, 256

GENERAL INDEX 359

reproduction, effect of pollut ion, 223, 225, 231–232rescaled-range analysis, 296–297respiration, 38, 39, 129, 182, 197, 202, 223, 225, 247,

249–251, 254reticulopodia, 4, 18, 38, 39, Figs. 2.2, 3.6; see also

pseudopodiaretral processes, 61, Fig. 4.8rework ing, 283, 284, 286, 287, 294rhizopod, 37–38Rose Bengal stain, 69–70, 155, 156, 166, 204, 212,

215, Table 12.2Russian River estuary, 149

Sagami Bay, Table 12.2salinity, 4, 5, 6, 106, 108, 109, 110, 113, 131, 134,

135, 136, 141, 143, 146, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152,153, 155, 158, 183, 186, 218, 221, 226, 230, 231,233, 239, 257, 264, 269, 272, Fig. 9.4

salt marsh, 141–148, 287–290, Figs. 9.1–9.3,Table 9.1

grasses, 141, 142Foraminifera

as sea-level indicators, 146–148, 287–290,Fig. 16.5

taphonomy, 146, 148, 287–290, Fig. 16.5widespread agglut inated species, 143, Fig. 9.2.

Table 9.1zonation, 143–148

organic matter, 142product iv i ty, 142sediment, 142–143

San Diego Trough, Table 12.2San Nicolas Basin, Table 12.2San Pedro Basin, Table 12.2Santa Barbara Basin, 45, 171, 207, 210, 214, 215,

Figs. 7.2, 12.6, Table 12.2Santa Catalina Basin, Table 12.2Santa Cruz Basin, Table 12.2Santa Monica Basin, Table 12.2sapropel, 108, 171 , 178sarcode, 7, 38schizont, 51, 54, Fig. 3.14scores, 77, 79, 80, 83, 86, Figs. 5.3–5.5, 5.7, 11 .3scree plot, 78, 79, 80, Fig. 5.2sea ice, 109, 184, 245sea level, 137, 144, 146, 148, 239, 287, 289, 290, 292,

296, 297seagrass, 135, 136, 157–158sediment-water interface (SWI), 5, 40, 161–163, 164,

169, 171, 172, 175, 176–177, 178, 183, 190, 202,212, 220, 284, 287, 290, 292, 293, 294, 296

Senegal, 155

sewage, foram in iferal response, 183–184, 185,220–222

shell repair, 48siliceous wall, see w a l l , siliceousS L I N K , 76, 77sodium, 259, Fig. 15.1, Table 15.1Sorby Principle, 286South Carolina, 72South China Sea, Table 12.2Southern Ocean, 269species

diversity, 3, 87, 100, 103, 104, 108, 111–117, 119,120, 121, 122, 129–130, 151–152, 153–154, 184,194, 195, 197, 215–216, 217, 218, 221, 222, 223,224, 225, 228, Figs. 9.5, 9.6

durat ion, 121origination, 100–102, 104, 1 1 4 – 1 1 5pairs, 48

stand ing stock, 108, 109, 166, 171 , 174, 184, 188step-wise regression, 85, Fig. 5.9, Table 5.6St. Lucia, 157strat igraph ic sections, con t inu i t y , 297stratigraphic signal inputs, reconstruction, 295–296strontium, 259, 272, 273–274, Figs. 15.1, 15.4, 15.5,

Table 15.1isotopes, 273–274, Fig. 15.5

suboxic, 196, 202, 261, 273, 275, 290subsutural canals, 61–63, Figs. 4.10, 4.1 1sulfate reduction, 163, 172, 284, 287, 290Sulu Sea, 177, Table 12.2Sumatra, 148surface mixed layer, sediments, 281, 282, 284, 285,

288, 290, 292, 293, 294, 295, Figs. 16.1, 16.2Sur ian fauna/prov ince, 98suspension feeding, 39, 40, 43Sweden, 150, 194symbiont, 70, 123–124, 129, 246–247, 254–255, 256,

Figs. 8.2, 12.5, Table 8.1symbiosis, 43, 123, 124–129, 131, 135, 136, 137, 210

Tanner Basin, Table 12.2taphonom ic grade, 287taphonomy, 33, 146–148, 184, 188, 190, 197, 215,

220, 221, 281–297, Figs. 16 .1–16 .6temperature, 5, 6, 94, 100, 102, 105, 106–108, 110,

113, 114, 116, 117, 118, 136, 139, 142, 148, 149,153, 155, 166, 183, 186, 218, 221, 225, 233, 239,241, 245, 246, 247, 248, 253, 256, 260, 262, 264,269, 270, 272, 276, 293, Fig. 14.5

test wa l l , see wallTexas, 146, 150, 290thermal pol lu t ion, foram in iferal response, 225

360 GENERAL INDEX

time-averaging, 281, 286, 287, 290, 292, 296–297,Fig. 16.6

c ircumvent ion, 296–297scale, 296

toothplate, 15, 16, 19, 22, 29, 65total organic carbon (TOC), 186, 224trace elements, 259–276, Figs. 15 .1–15 .5 , Table 15 .1

abundance, 265analysis, 264–265as chemical proxies, 273as diagenetic proxies, 275as nutr ient proxies, 265–266, Fig. 15.3as paleoceanographic proxies, 260, 265–266,

269–270, 273as physical proxies, 269–270biological factors, 262, 264cul ture studies, 262–264incorporat ion, 261thermodynamics, 261–262

t ransfer funct ion, 86, 105–106, Fig. 5.8, Table 5.5t rans i t ion metals, 275–276trend surface analysis, 86, 88Triassic, 33tr imorph ism, 51–52, Table 3.1Trinidad, 148trophic mechanisms, 39–45Tun is ia, 158

ul t ras t ruc ture , 39, 45, 46, 58, 59, 67, 209–211, 230umb i l ical cover plates, 63–65, Figs. 4.5, 4.6,

4.12–4.14U P G M A , 76, 77upwell ing, 109, 1 1 2 , 114, 1 1 8 , 1 2 0 , 252, 267, 276uran ium, 273, Fig. 15 .1, Table 15.1U.S. Gulf Coast, estuaries, 150

vanad ium, 273, Fig. 15 .1, Table 15 .1VARIMAX, 78, 79Venice, 151ver t ica l d i s t r i b u t i o n of species, subst ra te , 168–174,

Figs. 10.3–10.8vicariance, 102, 1 1 7V irg in ian fauna/prov ince, 100vital effect, shell geochemistry, 6, 111, 254, 262, 286

wallaragon i t ic, 15, 17, 19, 22, 32, 33, 65–67, Fig. 2.8b i lamellar , 15, 19, 22, 28, 30, 32, 46, 59–60, 66,

67–69, Figs, 2.8, 4.3, 4.4, 4.17granula r , 14, 15, 29, 30, 31, 59, Fig. 2.6imperforate , 10, 14, 23, 26, 27, 25, 30, 33, 35, 58lamel lar , 22, 58–69monocrystal l ine, 58monolamel lar , 15, 19, 22, 28, 59, Figs. 2.8, 4.2non-lamel lar , 58rad ia l , 14, 15, 29, 30, 31, 32, 35, 59, Figs. 2.5, 2.6siliceous, 16–17, 18, 19, 32, 35, Fig. 2.8

Ward’s minimum variance, 76, 77warm-water b e n t h i c faunas, 94, 102, F igs . 6.1, 6.2water mass, 5, 97, 100, 102wate r pressure, 260, 267, 269, 272West Afr ican fauna/prov ince, 94West I n d i a n (Car ibbean) fauna/province, 94, 98,

100, 102Western Caroline Islands, 130, 134–135western Africa, 151, 155, 186, Fig. 11.1

xanthosomes, 39, 40

Yucatan, 98

zinc, 275–276, Fig. 15 .1 , Table 15 .1

Taxonomic Index

FORAMINIFERA

Acervulina, 31A. inhaerens, 157Acervulinacea, 31Acervulinidae, 31Adelosina cliarensis, 230, Fig. 13.2A. intricata, F ig . 13 .2A. pulchella, F ig . 13 .2Adercotryma, 26, 214A. glomerata, 209, Table 12.2Agathistègues, Fig 2.3Alabaminella weddellensis, 179, 192Al l ia t ina , 33Allogromia, 23, 38A. laticollaris, 48, 49, 52, 53, 54, 223, Fig. 2.9,

Table 3.1Allogromiida, 18, 19, 23, 33, Figs. 2.8, 2.9, Tables

2.2, 2.3Allogromiidae, 19, 208, 209, 212, 215, Table 2.1Allogromiina, 15, Fig. 2.7Allomorphina, 31Alveolinacea, 28Alveolinella, 28, 156A. quoyi, 134, Fig. 8.1, Table 8.1Alveolinellidae, Table 2.1Alveolinidae, 28, 43, 123, 129, 134, Table 8.1Alveophragmium, 26Ammoastuta, 26, 150Ammobaculites, 26, 149, 150, 158A. crassus, 149, 224, Table 13.1

A. exiguus , Table 9 .1A. salsus, Table 13.1Ammocibicides, 26Ammodiscacea, 15, 23Ammodiscidae, 23, Table 2.1Ammodiscus, 11, 23, 212, Fig. 2.9A. gullmarensis, Table 12.2Ammoflintina, 23Ammoglobigerina, 26Ammolagena, 23Ammomarginulina, 26A. fluvialis, 151, Table 13.1Ammomassilina, 27Ammonia, 32, 38, 63, 64, 68, 149, 151, 153, 154, 155,

212, 224, Fig. 4.12A. annectens, Table 13.1A. beccarii, 42, 143, 148, 149, 151, 154, 155, 208,

212, 223, 289, Figs. 2.9, 9.4, Tables 9.1, 13.1A. caspica, Table 13.1A. dentata, Table 13.1A. parkinsoniana, 143, 145, 151, 212, 214, 216,

Fig. 12.6, Table 12.2A. sobrina, Table 13.1A. tepida, 45, 51, 54, 145, 148, 151, 155, 157, 223,

226, 230, 231, 232, Figs. 3.10, 3.12, 13.2, Tables3.1, 13.1

Ammosphaeroidinidae, 26Ammotium, 26, 148, 150A. cassis, 149, 150, 214A. fragile, 149, Fig. 9.4

362 TAXONOMIC INDEX

A. salsum, 143, 145, 148, 151, 289, Figs. 9.2, 9.3,Table 9.1

Amphicoryna, 28, Fig. 2.4Amphisorus, 28, 70, 136A. hemprichii, 46, 136, 157, Fig. 8.2, Table 8.1Amphistegina, 31, 69, 70, 126, 128, 131–132, 139,

156, 157, 158, 286, 294, Fig. 2.1, Tables 2.1, 8.1A. bicirculata, 132A. gibbosa, 42, 51, 131–132, Table 3.1A. lessonii, 79, 131–132, 134, 156, 157, Fig. 8.1A. lobifera, 46, 131–132, 156, 230–231, Table 13.1A. papillosa, 132A. radiata, 132Amphisteginidae, 31, 43, 124, 129, 131–132, Fig. 8.4,

Table 8.1Androsina, 135A. lucasi, 135, 158Angulogerina, 29Annulopatellina, 30Annulopatellinacea, 30Annulopatellinidae, 30Anomalinidae, Table 2.1Anomalinoides, Fig. 2.1Archaias, 28, 126, 135, 286, Fig. 2.1A. angulatus, 135, 157, 158, 285, 286, Figs. 8.1, 8.2Archaiasinae, 123, 129, 134, Table 8.1Arenoparrella, 26, 148A. mexicana, 143, 145, 147, 148, 290, Fig. 9.2Articulina, 28Assilina, 133A. ammonoides, 133Astacolus, 28, Fig. 2.1Asterigerina, 31, 61, Fig. 4.9A. carinata, 155Asterigerinacea, 31, Fig. 2.1Asterigerinidae, 31, 123Asterorotalia, 32Astrammina rara, 42, 45, 52, Fig. 2.2Astrononion, 31, 63, 212, Fig. 4.14, Table 12.2A. gallowayi, 154Astrorhiza, 23A. limicola, 40, 42, 208, 212, 214Astrorhizacea, 23Astrorhizida, 19, 23, 33, Figs. 2.8, 2.9, Tables 2.2, 2.3Astrorhizidae, 10, 23, Table 2.1Ataxophragmiacea, 26

Baculogypsina, 32, 133, 156B. sphaerulata, 133, 156, Table 8.1Baculogypsinoides, 133, Table 8.1B. spinosus, Table 8.1Baggina, 30

Bagginidae, 30Bathysiphon, 23, 212B. filiformis, 185, Table 12.2Bdelloidina, 26Beella, 32B. digitata, Fig. 7.3Berggrenia, 32Bigenerina, 27Biloculinella, 27Bolivina, 29, 151, 174, 177, 212, 214, Fig. 9.4B. albatrossi, Fig. 12.6, Table 12.2B. argentea, Table 12.2B. di latata, 174, Table 12.2B. interjuncta, Table 12.2B. lowmani, Fig. 2.9B. ordinaria, Table 12.2B. pacifica, Table 12.2B. rankini, Table 12.2B. seminuda, 216, Table 12.2B. spathula ta , 174, Table 12.2B. spissa, Table 12.2B. subadvena, Table 12.2B. subaenariensis, Table 12.2B. vaughani, Table 13 .1Bolivinacea, 29Bolivinella, 29Bolivinellidae, 29Bolivinidae, 29Bolivinita, 29Bol iv in i tacea, 29Bolivinitidae, 29Bolivinopsis, 214B. cubensis, Table 12.2Bolliella, 32B. adamsi, Fig. 7.3Borelis, 28, 134, 156, 157, Fig. 2.1B. pulchra, 134Brizalina, 212, Table 12.2B. pseudopunctata, 154B. striatula, 155Broeckina, 135B. discoidea, 135B. orbitolitoides, 135Buccella frigida, 149, Fig. 9.4, Table 13.1B. inusitata, 154B. mansfieldi, 287Bulimina, 7, 29, 155, 174, 177, 212B. aculeata, 169, 192, Table 12.2B. alazanensis, 5, 192, Fig. 11.5B. elongata, Table 12.2B. excilis, Table 12.2B. inflata, 174

TAXONOMIC INDEX 363

B. marginata, 169, 174, 183, 192, 207–208, 209, Figs.10.7, 10.8, 12.6, Table 12.2

B. marginata denudata, Table 13.1B. mexicana, 193, Fig. 11.5B. striata, Table 13.1B. subornata, Table 13 .1B. translucens, Fig. 11.5Buliminacea, 15, 29, 35Buliminella, 29, 212B. elegantissima, 155, 183, Table 13.1B. morgani, 216, Table 12.2B. tenuata, 210, 211, Figs. 12.5, 12.6, Table 12.2Bul im inell idae, 29Buliminida, 16, 17, 19, 33, 35, 59–60, 65, Figs. 2.8,

2.9, Tables 2.2, 2.3Buliminidae, 11, 29, Table 2.1

Calcarina, 32, 133, 136, 156, Fig. 2.1, Table 8.1C. gaudichaudii, 133, Fig. 8.1C. hispida, Fig. 8.2C. spengleri, 156Calcarinidae, 42, 43, 124, 126, 129, 131, 133–134,

Fig. 8.4, Tables 2.1, 8.1Calcituba, 27C. decorata, 79C. polymorpha, 46, 47, 52, 58Camerinidae, Table 2.1Cancris, 30, 212, Fig. 2.1C. inaequalis, Table 12.2Candeina, 32C. nitida, 110, Fig. 7.3Candeinidae, 32, 136Carpenteria proteiformis, 156Carterina, 28, 57, Fig. 4.1C. spiculotesta, 57, Fig. 2.9Carterinacea, 15Carterinida, 18, 22, 28, 33, 57, Figs. 2.8, 2.9, Tables

2.2, 2.3Carterinidae, 28Carterinina, Fig. 2.7Cassidulina, 29, 35, 212C. crassa, Fig. 2.6C. hooperi, 192C. laevigata, 5, 79, 192, Table 12.2C. neocarinata, Table 12.2C. reniforme, 154Cassidulinacea, 15, 29, 35Cassidulinidae, 29, 35, Table 2.1Cassidulinoides, 29, 212C. porrectus, 209, Table 12.2Ceratobulimina, 32, 66Ceratobuliminacea, 32

Ceratobuliminidae , 32Chiloguembelinidae, 32Chilostomella, 31, 154, 177, 214, 215, Fig. 3.11C. oolina, 212, Table 12 .2C. ovoidea, 212, 214, Fig. 12.6, Table 12.2Chilostomellacea, 31, Fig. 2.1Chilostomellidae, 31, 212, Table 2.1Cibicides, 31, 60, 80, 158, 224, Figs. 2.1, 15.4C. advenum, 230, Table 13.1C. aknerianus, Table 13 .1C. floridanus, 79C. kullenbergi, Fig. 15.2C. lobatulus, 154C. refulgens, 43, 80C. wuellerstorfi, 5, 40, 175, 176, 177, 179, 192, 254,

Fig. 15.2Cibicididae, 31Cibicidoides, 31, 174, 176, 248, 254Clavatorella, 32Clavulina, 7, 27Conicospirillinoides, 32Cornuloculina, 27Cornuspira, 11, 27Cornuspiracea, 27Cornuspiramia, 157Cornuspiridae, 17, 27Coscinophragmatacea, 26Coscinophragmatidae, 26Cribrobigenerina, 27Cribroelphidium, 32C. poeyanum, 155C. translucens, 224, Table 13.1Cribrospiroloculina, 27Cribrostomoides, 26, 214C. crassimargo, 149C. jeffreysii, 154, 155, Table 12.2C. wiesneri, Table 12.2Cribrothalammina alba, 45, 55, Figs. 3.1, 3.2, 3.4,

3.16, Table 3.1Cristellaria, Fig. 2.4Crithionina, 23Cruciloculina, 27Cushmanella, 33, 66Cyclammina, 26Cyclamminidae, 26Cyclocibicides, 31, 157Cycloclypeus, 32, 69, 133C. carpenteri, 48, 133, Table 8.1Cycloflorina villafranca, Fig. 13.2Cyclorbiculina, 28, 135, Table 8.1C. compressa, 135, 157Cyclostègues, 7, Fig. 2.3

364 TAXONOMIC INDEX

Cylindrogullmia alba, 52Cymbaloporetta, 31Cymbaloporidae, 31, Table 2.1

Delosina, 29Delosinacea, 29Delosinidae, 29Dendritina, 28, 135, Fig. 2.1, Table 8.1Dendrotuba, 23Dentalina, 28, Fig. 2.4D. albatrossi, Fig. 2.9D. pauperata, Fig. 4.2Dimorphina, Fig. 2.4Discocyclinidae, Table 2 .1Discorbacea, 30, 35, Fig. 2.1Discorbidae, 30Discorbinella, 30Discorbinellacea, 30Discorbinellidae, 30Discorbis, 30, 35D. columbiensis, 184, Table 13.1D. mediterranensis, 52, 54, Table 3.1D. ornatissima, 54D. patel l i formis , 52, 53, Table 3.1D. pulvinata, 53–54D. vilardeboanus, 43, 49, Table 3.1Discospirina, 27Discospirinacea, 27Discospirinidae, 27Dyocibicides, 31

Edentostomina, 27E. cultrata, 212Eggerella, 27, 214, Table 12.2E. advena, 149, 154, Fig. 13.2, Table 13.1E. scabra, 208, Table 12.2Eggerellidae, 27Eggerelloides scabrus, 155, Table 13.1Ehrenbergina, 29Eilohedra, 30Ellipsodinidae, Table 2.1Ellipsoglandulina, 29Ellipsolagenidae, 28Elphidiella, 32, 63, Fig. 4.10E. arctica, Fig. 4.11Elphidiidae, 32, 35, 44, 59Elphidium, 4, 32, 35, 38, 61, 63, 64, 150, 151, 153,

154, 155, 156, 158, 212, 224, 287, Figs. 1 .1, 2 .1,4.8, Table 9.1

E. advenum, 155, Fig. 9.4E. articulatum, 155, Table 13.1E. bartletti, Table 13.1

E. batialis, 156E. caspicum, Table 13.1E. charlottensis, Fig. 9.4E. clavatum/incertum group, Table 13.1E. craticulatum, 63, Fig. 4.15E. crispum, 40, 42, 48, 49, 51, 54, 156, 287, Table 3 .1E. discoidale, 156E. excavatum, 148, 149, 154, 155, 156, 208, 212, 216,

Fig. 9.4, Tables 12.2, 13 .1E. granosum, 155E. gunteri, 151, 155E. incertum, 209E. lidoense, Table 13 .1E. margaritaceum, Table 13 .1E. norvangi, Table 13 .1E. orbiculare, Table 13 .1E. poeyanum, 157, Table 13 .1E. translucens, Table 13 .1E. williamsoni, 143, 149Enallostègues, Fig. 2.3Entomostègues, Fig. 2.3Entosolenia marginata, 42Epistomariidae, 31Epis tomina, 66Epistominella, 30, 212, 214E. exigua, 5, 154, 155, 179, 192, Table 12.2E. pusilla, 192E. smithi, Table 12.2E. vitrea, 155, Table 12.2Ep istom in idae, 32Eponidacea, 35Eponides, 30, 35, Fig. 2.1E. antillarum, 79Eponididae, 30

Favusellacea, 19, 22, 32, Fig. 2.8Fischerina, 27Fischerinidae, 27, Table 2.1Fissurina, 28F. marginata, 42, 52, Table 3.1Floresina amphiphaga, 42, 52Florilus boueanum, Table 13.1F. grateloupii, Table 13 .1F. scaphus, Table 13 .1Fontbotia, 176, 254Foraminifera, 16, 18Foraminiferida, 15, 18Frondicularia, 28, Fig. 2.4Fursenkoina, 29, 192, 212F. apertura, Table 12.2F. bramlettei, Table 12.2F. cornuta, 211, Table 12.2

TAXONOMIC INDEX 365

F. pontoni, Table 13.1F. seminuda, Table 12.2Fursenkoinacea, 29Fursenkoinidae, 29Fusulinida, 18, 19, 22, 27, 33, 48, Figs. 2.8, 2.9,

Table 2.2Fusulinidae, Table 2.1Fusulinina, 15, Fig. 2.7

Gallitellia, 32, 33Gaudryina, 26Gavelinellidae, 31Gavelinopsis, 30, 35, 212G. translucens, Fig. 12.6, Table 12.2Glabratella, 30G. lauriei, 79G. sulcata, 51, 52, 54, Table 3.1Glabralellacea, 30Glabratellidae, 30Glandulina, 28, Fig. 2.4Glandulinidae, 28Globigerina, 7, 32, Fig. 2.5G. bulloides, 108, 110, 117, 246, 248, 254, 267, Figs.

7.3, 15.2G. calida, 110G. diplostoma, 119G. falconensis, Fig. 7.3G. juvenilis, 119G. quiniqueloba, 108, Fig. 7.3G. radians, 119G. rosacea, 119G. rubescens, Fig. 7.3G. subcretacea, 119G. trilocularis, 119Globigerinacea, 15, 19, 32Globigerinella, 32G. adamsi, 110, 117G. aequilateralis, 42, 110, 255, Fig. 7.3G. calida, Fig. 7.3Globigerinida, 10, 19, 22, 32, 33, 43, 59–60, 123,

124, 136, Figs. 2.8, 2.9, Tables 2.2, 2.3Globigerinidae, 10, 32, 126, Table 2.1Globigerinina, Fig. 2.7Globigerinita glutinata, 110, Fig. 7.3G. uvula, 108, Fig. 7.3Globigerinoides, 32G. conglobatus, Fig. 7.3G. cyclostomus, 119G. ruber, 24, 108, 118, 267, 293, Figs. 2.9, 7.3, 15.4G. succulifer, 48, 109, 246, 247, 254, 255, 267, Figs.

7.3, 15.4G. suleki, 119

G. tenellus, Fig. 7.3G. triloba, Fig. 7.3Globobulimina, 29, 164, 168, 169, 171, 176, 177, 212,

214, 215, Figs. 10.3, 10.7, 11.5G.affinis, 169, Figs. 10.7, 10.8, Table 12.2G. hoeglundi, Table 12.2G. pacifica, 42, Figs. 3.7, 12.6, Table 12.2Globocassidulina, 29, 154, 212G. biora, 154, 209, 210, Table 12.2G. subglobosa, 192, Fig. 11 .5Globoquadrina conglomerata, 110, 117, Fig. 7.3Globorotalia, 32G. canariensis, 119G. crassaformis, 255, Fig. 7.3G. cultrata , 118, 121G. hirsuta, 46, Fig. 7.3G. inflata, 111, 117, 119, 255, Fig. 7.3G. menardii, 42, 46, 117, 247, 255, 293, Figs. 7.3. 15.4G. punctulata, 119G. scitula, Fig. 7.3G. seiglei, 119G. theyeri, 117G. truncatulinodies, 46, 107, 117, 255, 293, Fig. 7.3G. tumida, 255, Fig. 7.3Globorotaliacea, 19, 32Globorotaliidae, 32, 136, Table 2.1Globorotaloides hexagonus, 117, Fig. 7.3Globotextularia, 26Globotextulariidae , 26Globulina, 28, Fig. 2.4Gloiogullmia eurystoma, 211, 212Glomospira, 23Goesella, 27Gordiospira, 27Granuloret iculosa, 18Gromidae, 10Guembelitriidae, 32, 33Guppyella, 26Guttulina, 28, Fig. 2.4Gypsina, 31Gyroidina, 31Gyroidinoides, 31

Halyphysema tumanowicizii, 52Hansenisca, 31Hantken in idae, Table 2.1Hanzawaia, 31, Fig. 2.1H. concentrica, 155Haplophragmiacea, 26Haplophragmoides, 26, 148, Table 9 .1H. manilaensis, 143, Fig. 9.3, Table 9.1H. wilberti, 147, 149, Fig. 9.4, Table 9.1

366 TAXONOMIC INDEX

Haplophragmoididae, 26Hastigerina, 32H. involuta, 119H. pelagica, 42, 65, 110, 136, Figs. 4,17, 7.3Hastigerinella digit at a, 110Hastigerinidae, 32, 136Hastigerinopsis, 32Hauerina, 27Hauerinidae, 27Haynesina, 31H. depressula, 155, Fig. 9.4, Tables 9.1, 13.1H. germanica, 143, 145, Table 13.1H. orbiculare, 149Helenina, 30H. anderseni, 68, 149, Fig. 9.4Heleninidae, 30Hèlicostègues, 10, Fig. 2.3Hemigordiopsacea, 27Hemigordiopsidae, 17, 27Hemisphaeramminidae, 23Heronalleia, 30Heronallenidae, 30Heterocyclina tuberculata, 133Heterohelicacea, 19, 32Heterohelicidae, Table 2.1Heterostegina, 32, 69, 156, Table 8.1H. antillarum, 133, Table 8.1H. depressa, 44, 48, 51, 126, 132, 133, 134, Fig. 8.1,

Table 3.1H. operculinoides, 133Heterotheca lobata, 55. Table 3.1Hippocrepina, 23Hippocrepinacea, 17, 23Hippocrepinidae, 23Hoeglundina, 32, 66, 267H. elegans, 168, 248, 253, 255, Fig. 10.7Homotrema, 31H. rubra, 156Homotrematidae, 31Homotremidae, Table 2.1Hopkinsina, 29, 212H. pacifica, 169, 216, Figs. 10.5, 10.7, Table 12.2Hormosina, 26Hormosinacea, 23Hormosinidae, 23Hospitella, 23Hyalinea, 31Hyperammina, 23Hyperamminidae, Table 2.1Hyrrokkin sarcophaga, 43

Involutinida, 17, 19, 22, 32, 33, 35, Figs. 2.8, 2.9,Tables 2.2, 2.3

Involutinina, 17–18, Fig. 2.7Ioanella, 30Iridia, 23I. lucida, 51, Table 3.1Islandiella, 29, 35I. algida, Fig. 2.6I. islandica, 154

Jaculella, 23Jadammina, 26J. macrescens, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 149, 289, 290,

Figs. 9.2, 9.3, 9.4J. macrescens forma macrescence, 143, Table 9.1J. macrescens forma polystoma, 143, Table 9.1

Karreria, 31Karreriella, 27Karrer i idae, 31Keramosphaeridae, 28, Table 2.1Komokia, 23Komokiacea, 23Komok i idae, 23

Laevipeneroplis, 135, Table 8.1L. malayensis, 134–135, Table 8.1L. proteus, 135, Fig. 8.1Lagena, 28, 35, 151, 224, Fig. 2.4Lagenammina, 23Lagenida, 19, 22, 28, 59, 224, Figs. 2.1, 2.8, 2.9,

Tables 2.2, 2.3Lagenidae, 10, 28, Fig. 2.4, Table 2.1Lagenina, Fig. 2.7Lagynidae, 19, 23Laryngosigma, 28Laterostomella, 32Laticarinina, 30Lenticulina, 28, Fig. 2.1Lepidocyclina elephantina, 37Liebusella, 26Lingulina, 28, 59, Fig. 2.4Lituola, 26Lituolacea, 15, 26Lituolida, 19, 22, 23, 33, Figs. 2.8, 2.9, Tables 2.2,

2.3L i tuol idae, 10, 26, Table 2.1Lituotuba, 26Lituotubidae, 26Loftusiacea, 26Loftusiidae, Table 2.1Loxosiomatacea, 16, 29Loxostomum, 33, 212L. pseudobeyrichi, Table 12.2

TAXONOMIC INDEX 367

Marginopora, 28, 128, 136, 156, 158, Table 8.1M. vertebralis, 136, 156, 158, 286, Fig. 3.8Marginulina, 28, F ig . 2 .4M a r t i n o t t i e l l a , 2 7M. communis, 80, 83, Table 13.1Mass i l ina , 27Meandrospira , 27Melonis, 31, 174, Fig. 2.1M. barleeanus, 5, 169, 192, Figs. 10.4, 10.7, 10.8, 11 .5M. pompilioides, 61, 193, Figs. 4.5, 4.6, 11 .5M. zaandami, 5, 83Metarotaliella parva, 53, Table 3.1M. simplex, 53, Table 3.1M. tuvaluensis, 43Miliammellus, 16, 33M. legis, Fig. 2.9Miliammina, 23, 148, 150, 153M. earlandi, Table 13 .1M. fusca, 143, 145, 146, 147, 148, 149, 151, 153,

Figs. 9.2, 9.3,9.4, Tables 9.1, 13.1Miliolacea, 27M i l iol ida, 16–17, 18, 19, 22, 27, 33, 43, 46, 58, 153,

154, Figs. 2.1, 2.8, 2.9, Tables 2.2, 2.3Miliolidae, 10, 28, Table 2.1M i l iol ina, 15, 16, Fig. 2.7Miliolinella, 27M. circularis, 158M. subrotunda, 155, Table 13 .1M warreni, Fig. 2.9Miniacina, 31, 157M. miniacea, 156Miogypsinidae, Table 2.1Mississippina, 30Mississippinidae, 30Monalysidium, 28, 135M. sollasi, Table 8.1Monostègues, 7, 35, Fig. 2.3Monothalamea, 35Myxotheca, 23, 35, 45, Fig. 3.9M. arenilega, 55, Table 3.1

Nautilus, 7Nemogullmia longevariabilis, 52, 211, 212, Table 3.1Neoconorbina, 30Neoeponides, 30Neogloboquadrina, 32N. dutertrei, 108, 110, 247, 255, Figs. 7.3, 8.2, 15.4N. pachyderma, 109, 110, 117, 267, Figs. 7.3, 15.4N. pachyderma forma superficiaria, 108Neorotalia, 133N. calcar, 133, Table 8.1Neoschwagerinidae, Table 2.1

Neusinidae, Table 2.1Nodobaculariella, 27Nodogenerina, 30Nodophthalmidium, 27Nodosaria, 28, Fig. 2.4N. subsoluta, Fig. 4.2Nodosariacea, 15, 28, Fig. 2.1Nodosar i ida, Table 2.2Nodosariidae. 28Nodulina, 23Nonion, 31, Fig. 2.1N. boueanum, Table 13.1N. grateloupi, 212, Tables 12.2, 13 .1N. labradoricum, 61N. tisburyensis, 153Nonionacea, 31, 35, Fig. 2.1N o n i o n e l l a , 3 1 , 1 7 5 , 1 8 4N. atlantica, 155N. stella, 175, 210, 2 1 1 , 212, 214, 215, Figs. 12.5.

12.6, Table 12.2N. turgida, 155, 175, 208, 212, Table 12.2Nonionellina, 31N. labradorica, 210, 212, Fig. 12.6Nonionidae, 31, 44, 212, Table 2.1Normanina, 23Notodendrodes, 23N. antarctikos, 43, 154Notodendrod idae, 17, 23Nouria, 26N. polymorphinoides, 155Nour i idae, 26Nubecularia, 27, 157Nubecular iacea, 27Nubeculariidae, 27Nummul i n idae , 10Nummul i tacea , 32, Fig. 2 .1Nummulites, Fig. 2.1N. venosus, 52, 53, 133, Table 8.1N u m m u l i t i d a , 156Nummul i t idae , 30, 43, 48, 51, 52, 53, 65, 124, 126.

132–133, Fig. 8.4, Table 8.1Nuttallides, 31N. umbonifera, 5, 294, Figs. 11.5, 15.2

Oolina, 28Operculina, 32, 69Ophiotuba, 23Ophthalm id i idae, 27, Table 2.1Orbitoidacea, 15Orbitoididae, Table 2.1Orb i tol in idae, Table 2 .1Orbulina, 32

368 TAXONOMIC INDEX

O. universa, 42, 108, 110, 137, 247, 254, 255, Figs.7.3, 8.2, 8.3, 15.2

Orcadia, 32Oridorsalidae, 31Oridorsalis, 31Osangularia, 31, 212O. culter, Table 12.2O. rugosa, Table 12.2Osangulariidae, 31Ovammina opaca, 52, 55, Table 3.1Ozawaia, 32

Palmerinella, 31Pararotalia, 32P. spinigera, Fig. 13.2Parasorites, 28, 134, 135, Table 8.1P. discoidea, 135P. orbitolitoides, 134, 157, Table 8.1Paratrochammina, 214P. antarctica, Table 12.2Parrellina, 32Patellina, 28, 58, 69P. corrugata, 48, 49, 51, 53, 54, 55, Table 3.1Patellinela inconspicua, Fig. 9.4Patellinidae, 28Paumotua, 30Pavonina, 29Pavoninidae, 29Pegidia, 30Pegidiidae, 30, Table 2.1Pelosina, 23P. arborescens, 40, 208, 212, 214, Figs. 3.5, 3.7Peneroplidae, 28, 43, 123, 129, 134, 135, Table 8.1Peneroplis, 28, 38, 126, 135, 157, 158, Fig. 2.1.

Table8.1P. elegans, Fig. 8. 1P. pertusus, 42, 135, Fig. 8.2P. planatus, 135, 156, 158, Fig. 13.2Pileolina tabernacularis, 155Placopsilina, 26Placopsilinidae, 26, Table 2.1Planispirillina, 32P. papillosa, Fig. 2.9Planispirillinidae, 17, 18, 32Planispirina, 27Planorbulina, 157P. acervalis, 286P. mediterranensis, 155Planorbul inacea, 30, Fig. 2.1Planorbul in idae, 31, Table 2.1Planularia, Fig. 2.1Planulina, 31, 176, 212, 254

P. ariminensis, 40, 179, Table 12.2P. exorna, 155Planu l in idae , 30Pleurostomella, 29Pleurostomellacea, 29Pleurostomell idae, 29Polymorphina, 28, 154, 212, F ig. 2.4, Table 12.2Polymorphinacea, 28Polymorphinidae, 28, Fig. 2.4, Table 2 .1Polysaccammina hyperhalina, 145, Table 9.1Polystomella crispum, 40, 48Polythalamea, 35Poroeponides, 30, 224Porosononion martkobi, 231Protelphidium paralium, Table 13 .1Protista, 18Protoctista, 3, 18Psammatodendron, 23Psammophaga simplora, 52Psammosphaera, 23, 153, 212, 215P. bowmanni, 209, Table 12.2P. parva, Table 12.2Psammosphaer idae , 23Pseudogaudryina, 27Pseudogaudryinidae, 27Pseudonodosinella, 26Pseudoparrellidae, 30Pseudorotalia, 61, 68, Figs . 4.7, 4 .13Pseudothurammina limnetis, 149. F ig . 9.3, Table 9.1Pseudo t r i l ocu l ina , 212P. subgranulata, 230, Table 13.1Ptychomiliola separans , 155Pullenia, 31Pulleniatina, 32P. obliquiloculata, 42, 110, 118, 255, F ig . 7 .3Pu l l en ia t in idae , 32, 136Puteolina, 134P. malayensis, 134Pyrgo, 27, 157Pyrulina, F ig . 2.4

Quadrimorphina, 31Quadr imorph in idae, 31Quinqueloculina, 27, 216, 157, 158, 224, Fig. 9.4Q. jugosa. 79, 83Q. lamarckiana, 155, 157Q. lata, 154

Q. rhodiensis, Table 13.1Q. seminulum, 208, 212, Table 13.1

Q. stalkeri, 212, 216

Ramulina, 28, F ig . 2.4Rectobolivina, 29

TAXONOMIC INDEX 369

Rectuvigerina, 29Recurvoides, 26, 214, Table 12.2Remaneica, 26Remaneicacea, 26Remaneicidae, 26Reophacidae, Table 2.1Reophax, 23, 212R. arctica, 149, Table 13.1R. bilocularis, Table 12.2R. curtus, 79R. dentaliniformis, 154, Table 12.2R. excentricus, Table 12.2R. gracilis, Table 12.2R. moniliforme, Fig. 9.4R. nana, 146, 155, Table 9.1R. subdentaliniformis, 209Reticulomyxa, 37Reussella, 29Reussellidae, 29Rhabdammina, 23Rhabdamm in idae, 23Rhizammina, 23, 212R. irregularis, Table 12.2Rhizamminidae, Table 2.1Rimulina, 28Robertina, 32Robertinacea, 15, 32Robertinida, 17, 19, 22, 32, 33, 65–67, Figs. 2.8, 2.9,

Tables 2.2, 2.3Robertinidae, 33Robertinina, 17, Fig. 2.7Robertinoides, 33R. charlottensis, Fig. 2.9Robulus, Fig. 2.4Rosalina, 30, 35, 157, 212R. bertheloti, 79, 83R. columbiensis, Table 12.2R. floridana, 45, 46, 47, 48, 67, 69, 80R. floridensis, 83Rosalinidae, 30Rotaliacea, 15, 31, 35, Fig. 2.1Rotalidium annectens, 151Rotaliella elatiana, 43, 55, Table 3.1R. heterocaryotica, 49, 51, 53, Table 3.1R. roscoffensis, 53, 54, Table 3.1Rotaliellidae, 44–45Rotaliida, 16, 17, 19, 22, 30, 33, 43, 59–60, Figs. 2 .1,

2.8, 2.9, Tables 2.2. 2.3Rotaliidae, 10, 31, Table 2.1Rotal i ina, 15, 16, Fig. 2.7Rotorbinella rosea, 157Rubratella intermedia, 53, Table 3.1

Rupertianella, 28Rupertiidae, Table 2.1Rupertina s tabi l i s , 40Rutherfordoides cornuta, Table 13.1Rzehakinacea, 23Rzehak in idae, 23

Saccaminidae, 208Saccammina, 23, 35, 212S. alba, 52, 55, Table 3.1S. atlantica, 149S. comprima, Fig. 2.9, Table 12.2S. sphaerica, 52, 55Saecamminidae, 23, Table 2.1Saccorhiza, 23, 212, Table 12.2S. ramosa, 42Sagrina, 29Saracenaria, 28, Fig. 2.4Schlumbergerella, 133S. f l o r e s i a n a , Table 8.1Seabrookia, 28Sidebottomina, 33Sigmavirgulina, 29Sigmoilina, 27Sigmoilopsis, 27Sigmomorphina, 28Silicinidae, Table 2.1Silicoloculinida, 16, 17, 19, 22, 33, 35, Figs. 2.8, 2.9,

Tables 2.2, 2.3Silicoloculinidae, 33Silicoloculinina, 16, Fig. 2.7Siphogenerina, 29Siphogenerinoididae, 29Siphonaper ta , 27S. sabulosa, 79Siphonina, 30Siphoninacea, 30Siphoninidae, 30Siphonodosaria, 30Siphotextularia, 27S. affinis, Fig. 2.9Siphotrochammina lobata, 146Soritacea, 28, Fig. 2.1Sorites, 28, 126, 136, 157, 158, Table 8.1S. marginalis, 157, 158S. orbiculus, 136, 156, 157, Fig. 8.1Soritidae, 28, 43, 123, Fig. 8.4Soritinae, 123, 129, 136, 157, 158Sphaeroidina, 30S. bulloides, 193, Fig. 11.5Sphaeroidinella, 32S. dehiscens, 110, Fig. 7.3

370 TAXONOMIC INDEX

Sphaeroidinidae, 30Spirillina, 11, 28, Fig. 2.9S. vivipara, 48, 53, 54, Table 3.1Spirillinacea, 15Spirillinida, 17, 19, 22, 28, 58, Figs. 2.8, 2.9, Tables

2.2, 2.3Spirillinidae, 28Spirillinina, Fig. 2.7Spirolina hamelini, 158Spiroloculina, 27, 224S. atlantica, 83S. attenuata, 212S. excavata, Table 13.1S. hyalina, 47, 51, 58, Fig. 3.3, Table 3.1Spiroloculinidae, 27Spiroplectammina, 26, 212–214S. b i f o r m i s , 154, 216, Tables 12.2, 13.1S. earlandi, Fig. 12.6, Table 12.2Spiroplectamminacea, 26Spiroplectamminidae, 26Spiroplectinella sagittula, 155S. wrighti, 155Squamulina, 27, 35Squamulinacea, 27Squamulinidae, 27Stainforthia, 29, 212S. fusiformis, 155, 207–208, 209, 211 , 214, Fig. 12.6,

Tables 12.2, 13.1Stainforthiidae, 29Stetsonia, 30Stichostègues, Fig. 2.3Stilostomella, 30S. antillea, 80Stilostomellacea, 29Stilostomellidae, 30Stomatorbina, 30, 60Suggrunda, 33, 212S. eckisi, Table 12.2

Tappanella, 28Tawitawia, 27Technitella, 23, 212, Table 12.2T. legumen, 52Tenuitella, 32Textularia, 27, 158, 214, Table 12.2T. agglutinans, 79T. candeiana, 47T. conica, 79, 157T. earlandi, Fig 9.4T. kattegatensis, Table 12.2T. palustris, 146T. torquata, 154

Textulariacea, 26Textulariella, 26Textulariellidae, 26Textulariida, 18, 22, 26, Figs. 2.8, 2.9, Tables 2.2, 2.3Textulariidae, 10, 11, 27, Table 2.1Textular i ina, 15, Fig. 2.7Textulariinae, 10Tinophodella, 32Tipotrocha, 26T. comprimata, 143, 144, 145, 146, Figs. 9.2, 9.3Tolypammina, 212T. vagans, 154, Table 12.2Tretomphalus bulloides, Table 3.1Trifarina, 29, 212T. bradyi, Table 12.2Triloculina, 27, 38, 157, 158, 224T. affinis, 155T. barnardi, 48T. brevidentata, Table 13.1T. marioni, Fig. 13.2, Table 13 .1T. oblonga, 145, Figs. 3.13, 3.15Tritaxis, 26Triticites, 27T. secalicus, Fig. 2.9Trochammina, 26, 148, 153, 214, Table 12.2T. globigeriniformis, Table 12.2T. hadai, 153T. inflata, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 149, 289, Figs. 9.2,

9.3, 9.4, Tables 9.1, 13.1T. nana, Fig. 2.9T. ochracea, 154T. pacifica, Fig. 12.6, Tables 12.2, 13.1Trochamminacea, 26Trochamminida, 19, 22, 26, Figs. 2.8, 2.9, Tables 2.2,

2.3Trochamminidae, 26, Table 2.1Trochamminita salsa, 149, Fig. 9.4, Table 9.1Trochamminoides, 26Trocholinopsis, 32Tubinella, 28Tubinellidae, 28Tubinoidaea, 10Turborotalia, 32Turrilina, 59Turr i l inacea, 29

Uvigerina, 29, 176, 177, 192, 212, 248, Figs. 11.5,15.2

U. akitaensis, Table 12.2U. bassensis, 154, 209U. curticosta, Table 12.2U. dirupta, Table 13.1

TAXONOMIC INDEX 371

U. juncea, Table 12.2U. laevis, Table 12.2U. peregrina, 42, 168, 171, 174. 177, 185, Figs. 10.4.

10.7, 11.5, Tables 12.2, 13.1Uvigerinidae, 29

Vaginulina, 28, Fig. 2.4Vaginulinidae, 28Valvulineria, 212V. mexicana, Table 12.2Valvulinidae, 27, Table 2.1Verneuilinacea, 26Verneuilinidae, 26, Table 2.1Vernueilinulla, 214, Table 12.2Vertebralina, 27, 157V. striata, Fig. 13.2Victoriellidae, Table 2.1Virgulinella, 29V i rgul inel l idae, 29Vitrewebbina, Fig. 2.4Vulvulina, 26

Webbinella, 28, 157Wiesnerella, 27

OTHER TAXA

Acrostichum, 141Adamussium colbecki, 41Artemia, 42Arthrocnemum, 141Avicennia, 141

Bacillariophyceae, 123, Table 8.1Beggiatoa, 203, 207, 212, Fig. 12.4Belemnitella americana , 241

Chione, 287Chlamydomonas hedleyi, 135, Fig. 8.2

C. provasoli, 135Chlorophyta, 43, 123, 129, 135Chrysophyceae, 123, 136–137, Fig. 8.2, Table 8.1Crassostrea gigas, 230Cymodocea, 157

Drosera anglica, 152

Enteromorpha, 41

Gromia, 36, 212G. oviformis, 36Gymnodinium béii, 42, 137, Fig. 8.2

Halimeda, 156Halophila, 158

Juncus , 141

Nitzschia panduriformis, Fig. 8.2

Plantango, 141Porphyridium, 135P. purpureum, 135, Fig. 8.2Posidonia, 157Puccinellia, 142Pyrrophyceae, 123, Table 8.1

Rhizophora, 141Rhodophyta, 43, 123, 135, Fig. 8.2, Table 8.1

Salicornia, 141Spartina, 141, 142S. alterniflora, 144, 288Symbiodinium, Fig. 8.2

Thalassia, 136, 158

Zostera, 157