C LIM A TE N I – FU TU R E R E S IL IE N C E

Reducing Risk in Service Delivery

Tim Walker Head of Waste Management

Issue • A s c lim ate change

progresses & its e ffects m an ifest them selves m ore frequently , s tra teg ic p lann ing is no t a question o f “if” bu t “how” w e de liver in these cha lleng ing cond itions

• The rem ova l o f w aste is an

essentia l/un iversa l serv ice w ith obv ious pub lic hea lth im p lica tions; the C ouncil has a s ta tu tory du ty to ensure th is is de livered th rough res ilience p lann ing & risk m anagem ent… O h, & then there ’s ta rget com pliance…

W aste F igures 80 x D om estic &

C om m erc ia l w aste /recyc ling co llection

4 x H ouseho ld R ecyc ling C entre

1 x W aste T ransfer S ta tion

E xpend itu re £20 M illion Incom e £2.6 M illion from com m erc ia l £800k from sa le o f recyc lab les 300 em ployees 50+ contracts

B lack b in Landfill s ite

K erbs ide box B lue b in M ateria ls recovery fac ility (M R F)

C om post Food caddy B row n b in

C ollection P ractices – F lood ing • M ore than 60,000 househo lds in N I a lready lie w ith in areas a t risk o f flood ing • In w orst case, councils a re unab le to access properties • D isposa l o f flood-dam aged/w aterlogged m ateria ls can s tre tch bu lky w aste serv ices + R ecyc ling C entres • S toring item s fo r m onths fo r insurance assessm ent can cause pub lic hea lth issues (sm ell, verm in , & c) • H ow ever, m ore prosa ica lly is the ab ility to continue to de liver serv ices during pers is ten t heavy ra in fa ll • In th is instance, h igher-qua lity w aterproof gear to s ta ff ensures th is w ill happen – w ith a h igher cost fo r p rov id ing these to s ta ff

R eceptac le Issues - W ind

• W ind can b low b ins & boxes over w hen fu ll

• B ecause focus is on keep ing recyc lab les dry , they can be b low n

• Th is creates an increase in litte r w h ich then requ ires add itiona l resources & costs to councils to c lean up

• C ustom ers can ass is t by p lac ing w e ights on the ir box lids to he lp prevent th is – bu t no t a ll do so

W aste Issues – S now • S now creates hazardous cond itions fo r bo th

veh ic les & s ta ff • The C ouncil has sourced snow -grips fo r

veh ic les & a lso s ta ff foo tw ear to a llow opera tions to continue w here reasonab le

• There is considerab le d isruption and, aga in , increased costs

• W here s ta ff a re unab le to d ischarge norm al du ties, they are reass igned to snow c learance on s tree ts & , particu la rly , the c ity centre to m ain ta in pedestrian access and ass is t in com m erc ia l trad ing – m ore re levant to urban ra ther than rura l a reas (? !)

• R ecyc ling C entres get snow ed in – issue w ith pub lic access

• Im pact on organ ic w aste– M ar ‘13 reduced annua l recyc ling ra te by ½ %

S ta ff Issues – S un • S un can have particu la rly dam aging

e ffects on s ta ff constantly exposed w h ils t w ork ing – w aste /recyc ling co llection , R ecyc ling C entre oepra tions

• The C ouncil does not p rov ide sun cream , or any o ther types o f cream , due to the derm ato log ica l e ffects it can have on d iffe rent sk in types, & liab ility

• P ersona l P ro tective E qu ipm ent (P P E ) is p rov ided w h ich inc ludes hats & long-s leeved tops w h ich g ive pro tection from the sun – but shorts a re not perm itted a t any tim e

F lee t Issues – C O 2 • C O 2 em iss ions from veh ic les are , in part,

addressed th rough procurem ent w ith the la test E uro N C A P V standard

• V eh ic le flee t em iss ions are tested during rou tine serv ic ing

• P articu la te traps fitted to R C V s • U se o f u ltra -low su lphur d iese l • P rogram m ed rep lacem ent o f flee t • A lte rnative fue ls such as b io -d iese l/gas

considered but, due m odern eng ines to reduce em iss ions, these are la rge ly unab le to run on a lte rnative fue ls

• A pro to type e lectric R C V has been deve loped but the cost is p roh ib itive un til such tim es as the techno logy im proves and the production costs fa ll (the C ouncil’s funds com e from the pub lic purse so va lue-fo r-m oney o ften trium phs)

E ffic iency • The m ost e ffective m eans o f reducing

em iss ions & C O 2 foo tprin t is m axim is ing rou te e ffic iency & m in im is ing num bers o f veh ic les

• R oute optim isa tion so ftw are is now h igh ly deve loped w h ich a llow s the s tructuring o f rou tes w ith p in -po in t accuracy & a leve lling o f w ork loads/capacities to an extent fa r beyond tha t p rev ious ly ach ievab le by m anua l m ethods

11

R esu lts to D ate

4.72 5 5 .86 6 .86 7 .92 9 .07 10 .05 11 .86

13 .27 14 .46

16 .35 17 .2 17 .95 18 .95 20 .02 21 .11 22 .33

22 .93 24 .01 25 .04 25 .21 26 .18 26 .31 26 .44 26 .58 26 .46 27 .41 28 .08 28 .67 29 .66 29 .62 29 .48 29 .81 31 .79 31 .62 32 .59 33 .26 33 .93

35 .86 36 .95

0 .00

5 .00

10.00

15.00

20.00

25.00

30.00

35.00

40.00

45.00

Jul-S ep '03O ct-D ec '03Jan -M ar' 04Ap r-Jun '04Ju l-S ep '04O ct-D ec '04Jan -M ar' 05Ap r-Jun '05Ju l-S ep05O ct-D ec05Jan -M ar 06Apr-Jun 06Ju l-S ep 06O ct-D ec06Jan -M ar 07Apr-Jun 07Ju l-S ep 07O ct-D ec 07Jan -M ar 08Apr-Jun 08Ju l-S ep 08O ct-D ec 08Jan -M ar 09Apr-Jun 09Ju l-S ep 09O ct-D ec 09Jan -M ar 10Apr-Jun 10Ju l-S ep 10O ct-D ec 10Jan -M ar 11Apr-Jun 11Ju l-S ep 11O ct-D ec 11Jan -M ar 12Apr-Jun 12Ju l-S ep 12O ct-D ec 12Jan -M ar13Apr-Jun13Ju l-S ep13

%

Time

H ouseho ld R ecyc ling R ate %

% Q tr A nnua lised R o lling %

A lte rna tive S torage O ptions

H ow it w orks… • The m ajority o f the w aste is s to red be low

ground leve l w here it is kept coo l. W hen new w aste is added, it covers o ld w aste . The o ldest w aste be ing a t the bottom o f the conta iner w here it is s to red a t coo ler tem pera tures. The low er tem pera tures reduce bacteria l activ ity - p rom oting hyg iene. Th is m eans tha t the b in is v irtua lly odour free .

• A s the w e ight o f new w aste be ing added com presses o lder m ateria l, the w aste natura lly com pacts itse lf. O ver tim e a com press ion ra te o f 2 :1 is o ften ach ieved.

• 60% of the b in is beneath the surface w h ich m eans tha t you can have h igh capacity w aste s torage in a sm all surface area.

• The b in open ing s tays a t a sa fe he igh t. The lid a lso shuts au tom atica lly – so an im als are kept ou t o f the b in & its contents .

• M any o f these b ins are m ade la rge ly /com ple te ly from recyc lab le m ateria ls .

E nvac

H ow it w orks…

•A fu lly enc losed vacuum system , no sm e lly R C V b ins on the s tree ts . N o-one needs to com e in to con tact w ith b ins o r bags. W astes a re th row n in to a chu te , e ithe r indoors o r ou tdoors. S orting a t source is ach ieved by us ing one chu te pe r fraction . •In p rinc ip le , the system consis ts o f a num ber o f co llection po in ts , linked toge ther by p ip ing tha t transports the w astes to a cen tra l fac ility. W hen a bag is pu t in to a chu te , it is tem pora rily s to red on top o f a d ischarge va lve . A ll the fu ll chu tes connected to the fac ility a re au tom atica lly em ptied regu la rly. The con tro l system sw itches on the fans and a vacuum is crea ted in the ne tw ork o f p ipes. A n a ir in le t va lve is opened to a llow transport a ir to en te r the system . •The d ischarge va lves be low each chu te is opened and the bags a re g rav ity-fed in to the horizon ta l ne tw ork o f p ipes w here they and a re sucked to the cen tra l fac ility. The bags en te r the co llection s ta tion v ia a cyc lone tha t separa tes them from the a ir. The bags fa ll in to a com pacto r, w h ich com pacts them in to a sea led con ta iner. The transport a ir then passes th rough dust and deodorant filte rs and a s ilencer. •The system is idea l fo r separa ting w aste fo r recyc ling , in w h ich case the re is an add itiona l in le t and con ta iner fo r each ca tegory o f re fuse . The con tro l system d irects a d ive rte r va lve to convey each ca tegory o f so rted w aste in to the co rrect con ta ine r. •W hen the con ta iners a re fu ll, hook-lift trucks co llect them fo r em pty ing fo r fu rthe r transporta tion to inc ine ra tion fac ilities , com posting p lan ts o r land fills .

O ne E nvac in le t can hand le the sam e am ount o f w aste as a ll these b ins

18

E m iss ions from R C V s R ela tive com parison

H ow it w orks…

• W andsw orth B orough C ounc il fie ld tria lled A u toB in® spec ia lly des igned to destroy M S W at the po in t it is c rea ted , in counc il-ow ned apartm ent b locks

• A u toB ins® ins ta lled in the w aste cham bers o f tw o apartm ent b locks (one h igh rise , one low rise ). The M S W is depos ited by res iden ts v ia a p re -ex is ting chu te system on each floo r. The M S W then d rops dow n the chu te in to the w aste cham ber and is au tom atica lly fed in to the w a iting A u toB ins® .

• The w aste hand ling system w h ich au tom atica lly loads A utoB ins® can m anage am ounts o f up to 150 kg per day

Glasgow CityMiddlesbroug…Aberdeen CitySheffield City…

Belfast City…Sunderland…Newcastle-…

Nottingham…Coventry City…

22.50% 23.36%

28.80% 29.30% 29.80%

31.21% 33.41%

35.59% 37.26%

Household Recycling Rate 2010/11

Coventry City Council

Belfast City Council

Sunderland City Council

Nottingham City Council

Newcastle-upon-Tyne City…

Sheffield City Council

Middlesbrough Borough Council

36.27%

34.00%

33.56%

31.67%

27.91%

27.73%

21.62%

Household Recycling Rate 2012/13