High degree of national unificationHighly centralized and financially capable

of supporting exploration and expansionWanted to take possessions of the

fabulous riches of lands outside theEurope

Wanted to find alternative ocean routesto avoid import taxes

Catholicism

Ferdinand Magellan- A veteran Portuguese soldier- served King Charles V of Spain in search of awestward route to the “Spice Islands"(modern MalukuIslands in Indonesia).

The king granted them: Monopoly of the discovered route for a period of ten

years. Their appointment as governors of the lands and

islands found, with 5% of the resulting net gains. A fifth of the gains of the travel. The right to levy one thousand ducats on upcoming

trips, paying only 5% on the remainder. Granting of an island for each one, apart from the six

richest, from which they would receive a fifteenth.

The King provided fundfor these and five fleet:

Trinidad (110 tons, crew 55), under Magellan's command

San Antonio (120 tons, crew 60) commanded by Juan de Cartagena

Concepcion (90 tons, crew 45) commanded by Gaspar de Quesada

Santiago (75 tons, crew 32) commanded by Juan Serrano

Victoria (85 tons, crew 43), named after the church of Santa Maria de la Victoria de Triana, where Magellan took an oath of allegiance to Charles V, commanded by Luis Mendoza.

August 10, 1519 – the fleet sailedwestward from Seville in search of apassageway to the Moluccas.

Victoria

SantiagoSan Antonio

Trinidad

Concepcion

Atlantic Ocean

Pacific Ocean

San Antonio

Trinidad

VictoriaSantiago

Concepcion

March 6, 1521 – after an exhaustingvoyage across the Pacific ocean. Theexplorers reached the ladrones Islandgroup (Marianas)

Oh I see a body of island. I will named it

“Island of Saint Lazarus

March 16

Homonhon(where they rested and

stayed for 9days.

Limasawa Island

Magellan was greeted by nine men who were joyfulat their arrival. They represented the chieftain of the area.

Enrique, Magellan’s interpreter from Malacca, badethem to come. For the first time in the history of mankinda living man had encircled the globe.

March 29, 1521 – Magellan made a bloodcompact with the chieftain RajahColambu.

March 31, 1521 – the first Holy Sacrificeof the Mass was Limasawa celebrated byFather Pedro de Valderama.

Magellan planted hastily a big cross onthe top of the hill.

Magellan left Limasawa on April 4

Bye Limasawa !Three days laterMactan and Cebu

Fired!!!

You must pay first the tribute imposed on all incoming ships! We need to buy food

King Seripalda Humabon

I refuse it!

The next day was the formal meeting betweenthe Cebuanos and European visitors.

The King asked Magellan the token of friendshipthrough Blood Compact.’

Magellan grabbed the opportunity to explain theChristian law of love and also the Bible.

April 14, 1521 – Father Valderama erected andblessed the Holy Cross in the middle of theirsettlement.

The King and the Queen together with 800subjects baptized.

After the baptism, as a gift to the Queen,Magellan gave her the statue of the InfantJesus.

Not all the chieftains obeyed me because they said that they are good

men as me.

Raha Humabon

Tell them that unless they obey you, as their King, I

will killed them!

Rahah Zula

April 26Here are two goats. I

could not give more since Lapu Lapu refused to obey the King of Spain.

Hmmmmm….

The next morning, 3 o’ clock, Magellan with sixty menarrived on Mactan shore.

He did not strike as soon as he arrived and evenallowed ethe enemy to summon their allies.

Under the bright sun, the fight did not last long.

Magellan’s sideNative’s side

Cannon Balls!

Poisoned arrows attack!!!

Burn the houses!

A native attacked him with a bamboo spearbut Magellan killed him.

Another dashed on Magellan and causehim to fell down.

By defeating Magellan, Lapu Lapu washailed as the first Filipino freedom fighter.

After Magellan’s defeat, the Cebuanos lost heart andrepudiated their alliance, killing the remaining 20Europeans and burning their ship, The Concepcion.

The others continued to voyage to the Moluccas. The other two ships arrived in the Moluccas under

the command of the sub-officer, Juan Sebastian delCano.

Trinidad Victoria

Left in the direction of Mexico but intercepted and forced to return to

Portuguese.

Succeeded the epic feat of

circumnavigating the globe in one journey.

Man was able to circumnavigate theglobe.

European also learned that the greatestoceans in the world are lying betweenAsia and the New World.

The world is really round!

Juan Garcia Jofre de LoaysaMartin Iniguez de CarquizanoAlvaro Saavedra de Ceron

Ruy Lopez Villalobos set sail for thePhilippines from Navidad, Mexico onNovember 1, 1542.

He followed the route taken by Magellanand reached Mindanao on February 2, 1543.

He established a colony in Sarangani butcould not stay long because of insufficientfood supply.

His fleet left the island and landed onTidore in the Moluccas, where they werecaptured by the Portuguese.

Villalobos is remembered for naming ourcountry “Islas Filipinas,” in honor of KingCharles’ son, Prince Philip, who later becameking of Spain.

1553 – Philip II ascended the Spanishthrone.

1559 – he ordered the viceroy of MexicoDon Luis de Velasco to equip an armadafor the spiritual and the materialconquest of the Philippines.

The preparations for the said fleet startedon September 24, 1559, and it was sail onNovember 20, 1564.

Father Andres de Urdaneta – chief pilot andSuperior of the Group

There were four ships in this fleet. San Pedro(flagship) San Pablo San Juan de Letran San Lucas

The Conquest of CebuThe Conversation of King TupasThe Conquest of Panay and Other

IslandsConquest and Occupation of Manila

GoldGospelGlory