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LINUX

• Open source operating system.

• Released in 1991

• Initially developed by Linus Torvalds

• Multi-user, Multitasking, Multiprocessor

• Coexists with other Operating Systems

• Runs on multiple platforms

• Linux Distributions : Redhat, Mandriva, Slackware,

Debain, Ubuntu, Backtrack, Tails etc

Open Source

Open source software or OS, refers to

software in which the source code is freely available.

•open as in free

•open as in access

•open as in over time

•open as in not closed

•open as in reuse and change

•open as in any place and for anyone

Linux

Architecture

Kernel

• A kernel is a program that allocates and

controls hardware resources in a system.

• Kernel is the core part of an Os

• Latest stable release kernel version is 4.2.3

Shell

• Program that interacts with kernel

• Bridge between kernel and the user

• Command interpreter

• User can type command and the command

is conveyed to the kernel and it will be

executed

• Graphical user interface of Linux is in fact

an application program work on the shell

Linux Principles

• Everything is a file. ( Including hardware )

• Small, single-purpose programs.

• Ability to chain programs together to

perform complex tasks.

• Configuration data stored in text.

Linux vs Windows

• Full access vs. no access

• Licensing freedom vs. licensing restrictions

• Online peer support vs. paid help-desk support

• Reliable

• Security

• Multilayered run levels vs. a single-layered run level

• No virus.

REDHAT LINUX

• Red Hat, Inc. is an American multinational company

providing open-source products to the enterprise

community.

• One of the original Linux distribution.

• The commercial, non free version is Red Hat Enterprise

Linux (Latest version RHEL7)

• Aimed at big companies using Linux servers.

• Free version: Fedora project , Centos

• Reliable Uptime.

• Stable Release cycle and extended support.

File System Hierarchy

File System Hierarchy

• /bin - user commands

• /boot - files needed for boot process

• /dev – device files

• /etc - configuration files

• /home - home directories for local users

• /root – home directory of root user

• /run - run time data , process id file,lock files etc

• /sbin- system administration commands

• /usr – second level hierarchy , installed softwares, shared

libraries etc.

Basic Commands

• Syntax – command <options> <argument>

• date – view current date and time

• hostname – view system name

• history – show command history

• pwd – present working directory

• man <command > - view full command details

• command <--help> - view full command options

File Handling Commands

• mkdir - make directories

Usage: mkdir [OPTION] DIRECTORY...

eg. mkdir indiaoptions

• ls - list directory contents

Usage: ls [OPTION]... [FILE]...

eg. ls, ls l, ls indiaoptions

• cd- changes directories

Usage: cd [DIRECTORY]

eg. cd indiaoptions


• rm remove files or directories Usage: rm [OPTION]... FILE...

eg. rm file1.txt , rm rf indiaoptions

• find - search for files in a directory hierarchy Usage: find [OPTION] [path] [pattern]

eg. find file1.txt, find name file1.txt


• cp – copy files and directories Usage: cp [OPTION]... SOURCE DEST

eg. cp sample.txt sample_copy.txt

• mv – move (rename) files Usage: mv [OPTION]... SOURCE DEST

eg. mv source.txt target_dir

Text Processing Commands

• cat - view files Usage: cat [OPTION] [FILE]...

eg. cat file1.txt file2.txt

• echo-display a line of text

Usage: echo [OPTION] [string] … eg. echo I love India

echo $HOME


• grep - print-lines matching a pattern Usage: grep [OPTION] PATTERN [FILE]...

eg. grep –i rhce iop.txt

• wc - print the number of newlines, words, and

bytes in files Usage: wc [OPTION]... [FILE]...

eg. wc iop.txt , wc –l iop.txt


• VIM : visually improved editor

• Insert – i

• Copy – yy

• Cut or delete – dd

• Paste – p

• Save and quit - :wq

• Quit - :q

• Save and quit forcefully - :wq!

• Search - /pattern

User and Group

• useradd – add a new user Usage: useradd [OPTION] [username]..

eg. Useradd indiaoptions

• su – switch user

Usage: su [username]..

eg. Su indiaoptions

• userdel – delete user

Usage: userdel [username]..

eg. userdel indiaoptions

User and Group

• groupadd – add a new group Usage: groupadd [OPTION] [groupname]..

eg. groupadd iop

• usermod – add user to a group

Usage: usermod –G [groupname] [username]..

eg. Usermod –G iop indiaoptions

• groupdel – delete group

Usage: groupdel [groupname]..

eg. groupdel iop

User and Group

• /etc/passwd – user configuration file

• /etc/group – group configuration file

Permissions

• Privilage of user to files, directories and services

• ls –ld : command to list permission of a directory

• ls – l : command to list permission of a file

Identities

u — the user who owns the file (that is, the owner)

g — the group to which the user belongs

o — others (not the owner or the owner's group)

a — everyone or all (u, g, and o)

Permissions

Permissions

r — read access

w — write access

eg.chmod a-rwx foo.txt

x — execute access

Actions

+ — adds the permission

- — removes the permission

= — makes it the only permission

Changing Permissions With Numbers

• r = 4

• w = 2

• x = 1

• 3(1+2) write and execute

• 5(1+4) read and execute

• 7(1+2+4) read, write and execute

• #chmod 664 foo.txt

Software installation using yum


• YUM – yellow dog updater modified

• RPM – redhat package management

• REPOSITORY – centralized collection of rpm packages

and dependencies .

• REPO – file used to configure client

• Yum searches numerous repositories for packages and

their dependencies so they may be installed together in an

effort to alleviate dependency issues..


Yum uses a configuration file at /etc/yum.conf.

1) Install a package:

yum install package

2) Remove a package:

yum remove package

3) Update a package:

yum update package


4) Search for a package:

yum search package

5) Find information about a package:

yum info package

6) To update a specific package:

yum update <package-name>

SSH

The ssh command is a secure replacement for

the telnet command. It allows you to log in to a remote

machine as well as execute commands on a remote

machine.

To log in to a remote machine named india.example.net

#ssh indiaoptions.example.com

#ssh 171.158.0.3

specify a different username

#ssh [email protected]

FILE SHARING

(SAMBA)

FILE SHARING

(SAMBA)

Samba is an Open Source/Free Software suite that

has, since 1992, provided file and print services to all

manner of SMB/CIFS clients, including the numerous

versions of Microsoft Windows operating systems. Samba

is freely available under the GNU General Public License.

FILE SHARING

(SAMBA)

Installing Samba on an RHEL 6 System

Configuring the smb.conf File

workgroup = workgroup

[tmp] path = /tmp

writeable = yes

browseable = yes

valid users = demo

Creating a Samba User

Starting samba services

Users of Linux

• U.S. Department of Defense

• U.S. Navy

• Face book

• Twitter

• Google

• IBM

• Cisco

• Amazon

REDHAT COURSES

• RHCSA( Redhat Certified System Administrator)

• RHCE( Redhat Certified Engineer)

• RHCVA (Redhat Certified Virtualization Administrator)

• CL210( Redhat Certified Openstack Administrator)

• RH236( Redhat Certified Storage Server Administrator )

Benefits of studying RHCSA

• Understand and use essential tools for handling files,

directories, command-line environments, and

documentation

• Operate running systems, including booting into different

run levels, identifying processes, managing virtual

machines, and controlling services.

• Manage users and groups, including use of a centralized

directory for authentication

Benefits of studying RHCSA

• Create and configure file systems and file system

attributes, such as permissions, encryption, access control

lists, and network file systems

• Deploy, configure, and maintain systems, including

software installation, update, and core services

• Remote concepts, analyzing logs, and Networking skills

• Configuring secure shell (SSH) and Network Time

Protocol (NTP).

Benefits of studying RHCE

• Managing local storage using partitions and logical

volumes

• Connecting to network-defined users and groups

• Accessing network storage (samba and nfs)

• Managing FirewallD and Selinux

• Accessing to files with Access Control Lists

• Able to automating installation with kickstart


• Configuring static routes, packet filtering, teaming and

network address translation.

• Setting kernel runtime parameters.

• Configuring an Internet Small Computer System Interface

(ISCSI) initiator.

• Configuring network port security

• Using shell scripting to automate system maintenance

tasks.


• Configuring a system to provide networking services,

including HTTP/HTTPS, network file system (NFS),

server message block (SMB), Simple Mail Transfer

Protocol (SMTP)

• Configuring MariaDB databases.

Benefits of studying RHCVA

• Basic concepts of virtualization

• Virtual machine creation and management.

• Cetralized virtual machine management

• Remote vm sharing and administration

• Vm containers and security management.

Benefits of studying CL210

• Basic concepts of Cloud Iaas Platform

• Deploying Iaas cloud platform.

• Service management and trouble shooting.

• Advanced cloud concepts and implementation.

• Deploying private cloud.

Benefits of studying RH236

• Basic concepts of Cloud SaaS Platform

• Deploying cloud storage server.

• Service management and trouble shooting.

• Advanced cloud storage concepts and implementation.

• Deploying SaaS.

CAREER PROSPECTS

• Data Center Architect.

• VPS administrator.

• Systems Engineer.

• Web server Administrator

• Server Support Engineer

• Local System Administrator.

SALARY PROSPECTS

Red Hat certification Advantage

• Recognition in the industry.

• Increased customer confidence.

• Proof of knowledge and skills.

• Certification verification tool for employers.

• Use of the certification logo on business cards.

• Ability to access multiple Red Hat Certificated

Professional (RHCP) online communities

• Access to Red Hat Certification Center website.

• Use the Red Hat Certified Professional job search

Why a candidate can prefer Redhat

Course in IndiaOptions

• We are authorized Partner for over 15 years with

Red hat.

• We have best infra in south, Proposed by Red hat .

• We have certified trainers with extensive

corporate experience

• We have advance system capabilities supporting

RHEL7

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