Reconstruction Chapter 16 Rebuilding the South Section 1.
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Transcript of Reconstruction Chapter 16 Rebuilding the South Section 1.
Reconstruction
Chapter 16
Rebuilding the South
Section 1
Rebuilding the South
Main Idea 1:President Lincoln and Congress differed
in their views as Reconstruction began.
Reconstruction Begins
Main Idea 1:President Lincoln and Congress differed
in their views as Reconstruction began.
Reconstruction Begins
The original goal of Reconstruction was to reunite the nation and rebuild southern states without slavery
Reconstruction Begins
The South had to be rebuiltTowns and farms ruinedPlantations, roads, bridges,
RRs destroyedThousands faced starvation
Reconstruction Begins People disagreed on how the Southern
economy and society needed to be rebuilt
Reconstruction: the process of readmitting the former Confederate states to the Union; lasted from 1865 to 1877
Reconstruction Begins Lincoln proposes
the Ten Percent PlanWhen 10% of a states
voters would pledge an oath of loyalty to the Union, the state could form a new state govt.
Didn’t want to just punish the South
Reconstruction Begins Lincoln offered
amnesty – a pardon – to all white Southerners, except Confederate leaders
Wanted to get the southern states back quickly
Reconstruction Begins Lincoln …
Supported giving the right to vote to African Americans who were educated or had served in the Union army
Would not force the Southern states to give those rights to African Americans
Reconstruction Begins
Republicans in Congress proposed a more radical, tougher plan for the SouthThey became known as Radical
RepublicansThaddeus Stevens a leader: Southern states must be punished
Reconstruction Begins Wade-Davis Bill
50% of white males in a state had to swear loyalty
Former Confederate soldiers were denied to public office
State Constitutions had to abolish slavery
Reconstruction Begins Lincoln refused
to sign the billHe wanted a
quicker solution, but realized he would have to compromise
Freedom for African Americans
Main Idea 2:The end of the Civil
War meant freedom for African Americans in the South.
Freedom for African Americans
One thing Republicans agreed on was abolishing slavery.Lincoln urged Congress to propose the
Thirteenth Amendment, which made slavery illegal in the United States • The amendment was ratified on December
16, 1865.
Freedom for African Americans
Newly freed slaves faced many changes. Families searched
for members who had been sold away.
Many moved from mostly white counties to places with more African Americans.
Peace. Im outta here.
Freedom for African Americans
Freed people demanded same economic and political rights as white citizens. Many former slaves wanted their own land to farm. Many white planters refused to surrender their land
and the U.S. government returned land to its original owners.
Freedom for African Americans
Freedmen’s BureauAn agency designed to help former
enslaved personsDistributed food and clothingProvided medical serviceEstablished schoolsHelped African Americans acquire landAlso helped some white southerners
President Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan
Main Idea 3:President
Johnson’s plan began the process of Reconstruction.
President Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan
5 days after the war was over, Lincoln is assassinated in Washington D.C.
Lincoln and his wife were attending the play Our American Cousin
I love legitimate theatre.
President Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan
Lincoln watched from a balcony box John Wilkes Booth, an actor in the play and a
southern sympathizer sneaks behind Lincoln and shoots him in the back of the head
President Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan
Booth jumps down and shouts “Booth jumps down and shouts “Sic Sic Semper TyranusSemper Tyranus ” and escapes to ” and escapes to VirginiaVirginiaDeath Death
to to
tyrantstyrants
President Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan
Lincoln is taken to the Peterson House across the street
He dies the next day Lincoln’s death is a shock to the nation
Northerners and African Americans mourn
President Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan
Booth was part of a small group of 8 that plotted to also kill…
Secretary of State William SewardVice President Andrew Johnson (below)
They hoped the successful assassinations would cause chaos and give the South another shot at fighting again
John Wilkes Booth
Muhaha
President Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan
Andrew Johnson became PresidentA Southern senator who
supported the Union during the Civil War
President Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan
• Johnson’s Reconstruction plan was similar to Lincoln’s, but included the need for wealthy southerners and former Confederate officials to receive presidential pardons in order to receive amnesty.
President Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan
Under Johnson’s Plan Southern states were also required to revise their constitutions
and declare that secession was illegal.
had to ratify the Thirteenth Amendment and refuse to pay Confederate debts.
President Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan
All southern states except Texas had created new governments by 1865.
Johnson declared the Union to be restored, but Congress refused to readmit southern states into the Union because too many newly elected representatives had been leaders of the Confederacy.